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Introduction. By follow-up care process is meant an individualized curative-prophylactic active medical method, which supervises, at the initiative of the doctor, categories of healthy persons - exposed to risk factors - or categories of sick persons suffering from certain conditions. Purpose. In this study, we will refer to the theoretical and practical aspects regarding the necessity of follow-up care in children patients (preschool children, pupils), adolescents and young people, an operation that must be performed by the doctors with specialization and/or competence in pediatric dentistry, by the doctors with specialization in orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics, by the school doctors, as well as by the simple dental doctors, who perform very regular pediatric dentistry maneuvers. Material and method. This study was conducted with the help of 23 pedodontists or pediatric dentists in Bucharest. Results and discussions. The answers obtained by applying the questionnaire created a clear image of the follow-up care system currently existing in Bucharest. Conclusions. The follow-up care in pediatric dentistry is the most useful active dental care, and in order to have an increased efficiency it is necessary that it is extremely well organized and controlled.

Introduction. An important role in the appearance of acute or chronic infections is played by bacterial biofilms that contain several bacterial species and that develop preferentially on inert surfaces, dead tissues and medical devices. Purpose. In this material we tried to make an interesting study, regarding the adhesion capacity of microbial biofilms characteristic of the oral cavity of human subjects on the surface of materials used for industrial scale manufacturing of dental implants: titanium and zirconium dioxide (Zirconia). Material and methods. For this study were used plates of Ti4 and zirconia, on which adhesion of different bacterial strains belonging to the species Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella oxytoca and Klebsiella pneumonia were tested. Results and discussions. A rather high microbial load was observed on both types of materials for all types of bacterial strains studied. For certain types of strains, a lower colonization was noted in the case of zirconium dioxide compared to Ti4 surfaces. Conclusions. Although Zirconia has been reported to have a lower susceptibility to bacterial adhesion, our study contradicts this aspect specified in the literature. Both titanium and zirconium dioxide are promptly colonized by existing bacteria on the teeth left in the oral cavity.

Introduction. Titanium and the alloys that contain this element became in the last decade of the twentieth century almost irreplaceable materials in many biomedical fields, including dentistry. Purpose. The purpose of this study is to test and evaluate the cyto- and genotoxicity of Ti4 and Ti-6Al-4V, to obtain biomaterials with antimicrobial properties, compatible with the human body. Material and method. Ti4 and Ti-4Al-6V in powder form were analyzed using cell proliferation analysis and micronucleus test. Two concentrations of 1.5 mg/ml and 3 mg/ml were tested for each type of sample. Results and discussions. For both materials tested in the two concentrations, the presence of micronuclei was observed, but within normal limits. Conclusions. Although the variations are within normal limits, it should be noted that for Ti-6Al-4V the incidence was higher at both concentrations than in the case of Ti4.

Introduction. Atherosclerosis represents the process of stiffening of the arterial wall and includes arterial changes secondary to atherosclerosis, as well as physiological changes, reducing vascular elasticity in the elderly. However, the importance of knowing the pathology of atherosclerosis is mandatory among dentists, given the high frequency of patients with atherosclerotic lesions. Purpose. Through this study we tried to familiarize dentists on the therapeutic behavior towards patients with atherosclerosis but also the risks arising from it. Material and method. 87 practitioners from Romania helped to carry out this study between September and November 2018. Results and discussions. A clear picture emerged regarding the changes and manifestations in patients with atherosclerosis by dental practitioners as well as the attitude to be adopted in the case of treatments for such patients. Conclusions. Knowing the pathology of patients at cardiovascular risk as well as the therapy to be applied for them, is a must for dentists given the growing number of patients and the pathology with different stages of evolution.

The Resistance was a reaffirmation of France's independence and individuality, as well as a struggle to regain freedom and, above all, national integrity. In fact, many historians appreciate that the French Resistance could have achieved more if it had been more effectively integrated into Allied plans and strategies. Thus, in this material we tried to present some short biographies of dentists who worked in the French Resistance against the German occupation troops, some of them even paying with their lives for the courage they showed.

Introduction. In order to achieve the goals of oral implantology, it is of great importance to obtain tissue integration (bone and epithelial) of dental implants. Bone integration has the role of rigidly fixing the dental implant at the level of the supporting bone, while ensuring the transfer of masticatory forces to the neighboring bone, while the soft tissues integration has the role of creating a barrier around these medical devices, with the role of protecting the underlying bone and preventing the access of microorganisms. Purpose. In this material we wanted to perform a statistical analysis on the gingival integration and osseointegration of dental implants in the oral cavity. Material and method. The analysis was performed on a number of 21 patients with a total of 97 dental implants, approximately one year after the prosthetic loading of the implants. The analysis was based on bleeding index, gingival index but also on the depth of the peri-implant canal and bone resorption around the implant. Results and discussions. Most of the implants analyzed showed no signs of inflammation. A small number (less than 30%) showed incipient signs of inflammation, falling within the data in the literature. Conclusions. Early detection of tissue changes around the implant and proper treatment will reduce the risk of more serious injuries and implant failure.

Edward Hartley Angle was an eminent American scientist, dentist, great inventor, being rightly considered to be the father of modern orthodontics. The great American scientist was the author of an impressive number of patents (46) and was the coordinator of 7 editions of some impressive orthodontic treatises. Thus, in this material, important data from the biography of Dr. Edward Hartley Angle.

Edward Hartley Angle was an eminent American scientist, dentist, great inventor, being rightly considered to be the father of modern orthodontics. The great American scientist was the author of an impressive number of patents (46) and was the coordinator of 7 editions of some impressive Orthodontic Treatises. Thus, in this material, which we structured in 2 distinct parts, we tried to present as concisely as possible the most important data from the biography of Dr. Edward Hartley Angle.

Introduction. Peri-implantitis is a non-specific inflammation, induced or maintained in the host tissues. Peri-implantitis usually presents a succession of specific symptoms, such as: bleeding on palpation, mobility of the dental implant, pain, increased depth of the pockets located around dental implants. Purpose. Thus, in this material we wanted to carry out a review of the main notions, both theoretical and practical, which characterize the diseases of surrounding tissues of dental implant called peri-implantitis. Material and method. For this study, we used 31 practitioners from Bucharest who frequently perform implant-prosthetic rehabilitation treatments, based on a questionnaire consisting of 6 questions. Results and discussions. The doctors included in the study showed that they have a thorough training in the field of implant-prosthetic restorations and of course in the diagnosis and treatment of peri-implantitis. Conclusions. In-depth knowledge of the notions related to peri-implantitis leads to an early diagnosis, favoring the rapid application of a treatment that prevents the occurrence of subsequent complications.

Introduction. A special role in the occurrence of acute or chronic infections is the microbial biofilms, which contain several microbial species and which develop mainly on inert surfaces. Purpose. The objective of this research is to obtain scientific information on microbial biofilms relevant to human health, in order to identify and improve the prophylactic and therapeutic methods of the infections caused by them. Material and method. This research focuses on the study of the microbial plaque attached to the dental surfaces, from patients wearing fixed dental appliances. The study was performed on a number of 39 patients wearing fixed orthodontic appliances. Results and discussion. Several types of microbial strains have been identified – Burkholderia cepacia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia liquefaciens, Enterobacter cloacae, Eikenella corodens, Lactobacillus sp., Bacteroides sp., Candida albicans etc. Conclusion. The identification of the microbial strains isolated from the dental plaque revealed a great diversity of the aerobic and aerobic facultative anaerobic microbial species, which supports the hypothesis of the nonspecific bacterial plaque, involved in the etiology of periodontal diseases.

ntroduction. Infectious risk in orthodontic practice is a real risk and involves problems both for the medical team of orthodontics and dental-facial orthopedics and for patients. Purpose. In this material we tried to highlight both the microbial load taken from the level of metal breaches Existing in the oral cavity but also the effect of mouthwashes with wide commercial use, on the different categories of germs isolated from these surfaces. Material and method. Microbial harvesting was carried out at different stages of the consultation and periodic examination in order to establish the effect that different substances have on reducing microbial load. Results and discussion. The results obtained for each stage and study group are graphically exemplified for a better understanding of the studied problem. Conclusions. The efficiency of the substances for removing the bacterial load is considerable but the replacement of disinfectants due to their toxicity and aggressiveness must be considered.

Implant-supported restorations are being used increasingly by dentists to treat maxillary or mandibular total edentulous patients in parallel with the old methods involving acrylic full dentures. Purpose. In this study, we attempted to perform an assessment of satisfaction degree in elderly total edentulous patients who were carriers of acrylic full dentures and were subsequently rehabilitated using cement retained implant-supported restorations. Material and method. The study was conducted using a 5-point questionnaire, applied to a study group of 39 patients aged between 67 and 77 years between April 2014 and June 2018. Results and discussions. The results provide information on how the edentulous condition is perceived, as well as the classical and modern treatment modalities. Conclusions. The treatment of the edentulous condition by fixed implant-supported prosthesis should be regarded as an alternative from the beginning of the treatment.

The lifespan of a fixed implant supported restoration is influenced by several factors: the medical team's experience, the superior technical and material endowment, the experience of the dental laboratory, but also maintaining a proper hygiene by the patient. Purpose. In this study, we insisted on the responsibility that rehabilitated patients through implant supported restorations should assume. Material and method. The study was conducted between March 2016 and March 2018 on a group of 73 patients rehabilitated by fixed implant supported restorations using a questionnaire consisting of 7 questions. Results and discussions. Maintaining a high degree of hygiene by regular or professional means of implant-prosthetic restorations leads to prolonging their life span. For this, it is necessary on the one hand for the medical team to make pertinent, logical, sufficient and easy to understand recommendations for all patients and on the other hand for the patients to implement the part of the recommendation that directly targets them. Conclusions. The recommendations of the medical team on oral hygiene after fixed implant supported restorations should be done in a language that is appropriate and easy to understand by patients. To the same extent, the recommendations must be assimilated and respected by patients, as a significant component in maintaining good hygiene in fixed implant supported restorations is the patient.

Objective. The purpose of the study is to identify the musculoskeletal problems in dental professionals and the causes leading to them to rank. The most frequent ones were ranked in order to elaborate operational and global projects and differentiated treatment and prophylaxis units focused on that certain problem. Material and method. The 133 subjects (dental students and specialist) answered a 14 items questionnaire. Results. The results of the questionnaire were centralized and statistically analyzed using descriptive statistics. Discussions. The results showed that most of the subjects (69.92%) had growth problems. 90.23% of them did not consulted a kinetoterapist but they were aware of the necessity of seeking specialty treatment in the future. Conclusions. The present study conducted to preliminary conclusions that will be the start point of further extended studies, emphasizing the necessity of Kinetotherapy classes in Dental School.

Objective. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the knowledge and universal application of decontamination methods of impressions in dental practices. Material and method. The study involved 131 persons (dentists and dental students at Faculty of Dental Medicine). All the participants completed a questionnaire regarding the knowledge of transmission risk and rates of infections agents through dental impressions and the importance of different methods of decontamination. Results. Most of the subjects (93.89%) are aware of classical safe standard to achieve infection control in dental office. The youngest ones are well instructed in dental school. Most of the participants concluded that there is a risk of transmission of infectious agents through different devices (impressions, prosthetic components) are sent out of the practice. Still only 35.11% of the respondents use a decontamination process of impressions. Among these (46 subjects), only 25 of them follow a well-conducted decontamination protocol. Many of the subjects consider that the infections risk of dental devices is minor and the decontamination procedure only makes the technological process more difficult. Conclusions. Dental practitioners consider that there is a minor risk of person-to-person transmission of infectious through dental devices. Doctors and technicians as well do not use a multi-step process of decontamination, because it makes the workflow more difficult.