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[ Objective ] Grape is an important cash crop in China , and aroma is the major component of the grape fruit quality. Grape aroma is complex and composed of a variety of compounds , including terpenes , volatile aliphatic compounds , aromatic compounds , pyrazines , and sulfur-containing compounds. It is af- fected by multiple factors , where genetic regulation is the main factor affecting its aroma. Therefore , ana- lyzing genetic regulation of grape aroma production provides a basis for achieving breeding goals. [ Reviews ] This paper reviewed the methods of grape aroma measurement , followed by summarizing and analyzing the genetic regulation and QTL mapping of grape aroma traits. [ Prospect ] This paper laid a the- oretical foundation for analyzing genetic regulation of grape aroma and provided a reference for grape aroma trait- directed breeding.

AIM:To evaluate the relationship between dry eye disease(DED)and physical and mental health in teachers, and to explore its mechanism and propose intervention measures.METHODS:Cross-sectional study. A total of 183 teachers from three primary and secondary schools in the urban area of Linyi City, Shandong Province were enrolled in the study. DED symptoms were quantified using the ocular surface disease index(OSDI)questionnaire. A compact version of the depression, anxiety, and stress scale(DASS-21)was used to evaluate psychological state. The relationship between potential influencing factors and DED was evaluated by independent sample t-test of quantitative variables and χ2test of classified variables. Logistic regression analysis was used for multivariate analysis to determine the influencing factors of DED. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between OSDI score and depression, anxiety and stress.RESULTS: There were 183 teachers, including 44 males(24.0%)and 139 females(76.0%), aged from 22 to 57 years, with an average age of(34.2±8.6)years. The prevalence of DED was 60.0%(109/183; 95%CI 52.4%-66.7%). The prevalence of depression was 26.2%(48/183; 95%CI 19.8%-32.7%); anxiety prevalence was 39.3%(72/183; 95%CI 32.2%-46.5%); and stress prevalence was 23.0%(42/183; 95%CI 16.8%-29.1%). The univariate analysis showed that increased age, increased working years, increased visual display terminal(VDT)application time, longer written working hours, reduced sleep hours, less alcohol consumption, and high scores of depression, anxiety and stress were all factors affecting DED(all P

This paper summarized the practice of integrated medical and nursing ward rounds for a case of severe pneumonia. An integrated ward rounds team was set up to determine key issues of nursing based on the prognosis, clinical lab examination and symptoms diagnosis. Targeted nursing interventions were carried out to reduce the risk of complications and improve the recovery of the patient. (本文总结1例重症肺炎患者进行医护一体化护理查房经验。由护理部组织建立医护一体化查房小组, 各专科学组就患者疾病转归、化验指标以及临床症状提出护理要点, 针对性实施护理措施, 以降低患者并发症风险, 促进早日康复。)

[Objective] The temporal and spatial variation characteristics of cultivated land types and their influencing factors were studied in order to provide a theoretical basis for policy-making regarding cultivated land protection, sustainable agricultural development, and soil and water conservation in this region. [Methods] The study was conducted for Laiyang City in Shandong Province. High-resolution remote sensing data from 2019 to 2021 were combined with field observations in order to divide cultivated land types into five categories: irrigated land, arid flat land, arid sloping land, arid terrace land, and abandoned land. We determined the spatio-temporal distribution and variation of different types of cultivated land and their influencing factors, and identified the variable regions by using dynamic change degree, land use transfer matrix, and geographic detector. [Results] ① Cultivated land of Laiyang City accounted for 54.44% of the total land area, with an overall distribution pattern of more cultivated land in the southern and western areas of the city, and less in the northern and eastern areas of the city. Arid terrace land accounted for 61.19% of the total cultivated land area, which was followed by irrigated land, arid flat land, and arid sloping land. Abandoned land accounted for only 0.33% of the total cultivated land area. ② The analysis of single factor detector showed that landform type, slope, and soil type were the three main factors affecting the distribution of cultivated land type, and the (q values) were all above 0.3 when the factors interacted with each other. ③ From 2019 to 2021, the net rate of cultivated land conversion was -0.25%. The total area decreased 4.73 km2, mainly due to conversion of arid terrace land, arid sloping land, arid flat land, and irrigated land to construction land. This conversion mostly occurred in the urban area located in the low hilly area with a slope of less than 5° and a brown soil type. [Conclusion] The mainly cultivated land type is dry terraced field. Cultivated land distributed in low hilly area with gentle slopes (representing cultivated land with good quality) is easy to change. As the area continues to decrease, the protection measures of high-quality cultivated land should be strengthened.

Objective To explore the male reproductive toxicity in rats caused by single or combined exposure to noise and carbon monoxide (CO) in closed cabin, and evaluate the joint effects and associated signal pathways. Methods Fifty male SD rats were randomly divided into blank control group, restraint group (negative control group), noise exposure group, CO exposure group and combined group (n=10). According to the poisoning procedure, the rats were fixed in the oral and nasal toxic cup and placed in the chamber and they were poisoned for 2 h per day for 30 consecutive days. The sperm quality, including sperm motility and sperm density, was analyzed after exposure, and the apoptosis of testicular cells was determined by TUNEL staining. The testicular tissues were harvested for circRNA sequencing, and the sequencing data were analyzed by bioinformatics enrichment. Results After exposure to noise and CO, the semen density of the noise group and combine group was decreased significantly (P < 0.05). The sperm motility was obviously lower in the CO group than the negative control group (P < 0.05), and more serious decline was observed in the combined group (P < 0.05). Morphological study showed that there were a few vacuoles in the testis of rats exposed to noise or CO and much more vacuoles in the testis of rats exposed to combination. Obvious pathological damage was found in the testis of rats combined exposed to noise and CO, and the cells in the seminiferous tubules were in a disordered arrangement. The number of apoptotic cells was increased in the noise and CO group, and the number was the largest in the combined group. The results of sequencing analysis suggested that key circRNA and their regulated key molecules might be involved in the reproductive damage effects of noise and CO exposure on rat testes, including Smc4, Sycp1, Sycp3, Spag17, Mns1, Top2a and Rock1, which played important roles in meiosis, spermatogenesis, cell cycle and apoptosis pathways. Conclusion Combined exposure to noise and CO shows typical joint effect on male reproductive damages, which are associated with circRNAs regulation.

Objective To investigate the association of sperm DNA methylation level with routine semen parameters and sperm chromatin integrity. Methods A total of 73 male individuals who were sampled from our previously established cohort of the male reproductive health in Chongqing college students (MARHCS) study were recruited in this study. The routine semen parameters (semen volume, sperm density, total sperm count and sperm motility) and indicators of sperm chromatin integrity were detected and analyzed with computer-aided sperm analysis system (CASA) and sperm chromatin structure analysis (SCSA), respectively. ELISA was used to detect the sperm DNA 5mC content, which reflected the methylation level of sperm DNA. Meanwhile, age, BMI, abstinence time and lifestyle of the volunteers were collected through questionnaire survey. Multiple linear regression model was applied to explore the correlation of sperm DNA 5mC content with routine semen parameters and sperm chromatin integrity. The differences in percentages of different grade of sperm were compared in the high and low 5mC% groups (binary classification according to the median value of 5mC%). Results The semen routine parameters (median value) of the volunteers were as follows: semen volume was 4.18 mL, sperm density was 55.60×106/mL, total sperm count was 246.93×106, and sperm motility was 57.00%; Sperm chromatin was in structural integrity, with a median value of sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) and high DNA stainablity (HDS) of 10.99% and 3.39%, respectively. The median value of sperm DNA 5mC level was 2.63%. After adjustment for confounding factors, multiple linear regression analysis showed that sperm DNA 5mC level was negatively correlated with sperm density (β=-0.22, 95%CI: -0.36~-0.06, P=0.008) and total sperm count (β=-0.20, 95%CI: -0.33~-0.05, P=0.015), but no statistical correlations were observed in sperm DNA 5mC level with DFI and HDS (P>0.05). Meanwhile, there were no significant differences in the percentages of different grade of sperm (grade A~D) in the high 5mC group than the low 5mC group (P>0.05). Conclusion Elevated sperm DNA methylation level may be a biomarker for the decrease of sperm density and total sperm count, while is not correlated with indicators of sperm chromatin integrity.

This paper summarized the cluster nursing management for a patient with lumbar disc herniation induced low back pain combined with hyperglycemia. The patient received lumbar paravertebral nerve block, and was diagnosed with hyperglycemia before the surgery. Based on the nursing risk assessment, the cluster nursing management including perioperative blood sugar monitoring, postoperative observation and health education were carried out to ensure the surgical safety and improve the prognosis and postoperative rehabilitation of the patient. (本文总结1例腰椎间盘突出症腰痛合并血糖升高患者的集束化护理管理体会。患者接受椎旁神经单次阻滞镇痛治疗, 治疗前发现血糖升高。在完善护理评估的基础上, 加强围手术期血糖监测、术后观察和健康宣教, 旨在确保患者围手术期安全, 改善预后, 促进康复。)

This paper reviewed the clinical data of a patient with postherpetic neuralgia, summarized the intervention effect of five-element music therapy and acupoint massage and related nursing measures. Five-element music theory was conducted under the guidance of traditional Chinese medicine, combined with manipulation massage on selected acupoints. Comprehensive nursing interventions such as dietary guidance and emotional care were carried out to improve treatment efficacy of pain relief in patients with postherpetic neuralgia. (本文总结1例五行音乐联合穴位按摩治疗带状疱疹后遗神经痛(PHN)患者的护理经验, 通过辨证施乐, 给予患者聆听音乐, 并选取相关穴位进行手法按摩, 同时配合饮食护理、情志护理等综合干预措施, 有效改善PHN患者疼痛症状。)

Intestinal obstruction is one of the common acute abdominal diseases in the Department of General Surgery. Abdominal pain is one of the typical symptoms of intestinal obstruction. Integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine nursing is a nursing model characterized by both symptomatic western medicine nursing, quick effect and traditional Chinese medicine nursing to cure the cause and long-term maintenance. This paper expounds the progress of non-surgical nursing of patients with intestinal obstruction by integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine, and summarizes the advantages of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine nursing intervention. (肠梗阻是普外科常见的急腹症之一, 腹痛是肠梗阻的典型症状。中西医结合护理兼具西医护理对症准、见效快和中医护理根治病因、长期养护的特点。本文就中西医结合护理在非手术治疗肠梗阻中的应用进展进行阐述, 总结中西医结合护理干预的特色和优势, 旨在为临床护理提供借鉴与参考。)

This article summarized the nursing measures for a patient with insomnia treated by auricular acupoint sticking and pressing combined with stellate ganglion block. Based on nursing risk assessment, emotion care, dietary guidance and other routine nursing measures, the combination treatment of auricular acupoint sticking and pressing and stellate ganglion block was carried out to regulate the flow of blood and qi and dredge the channels and collaterals, relieve symptoms of insomnia and improve the sleeping quality of the patient. (本文总结耳穴贴压联合星状神经节阻滞治疗1例失眠患者的护理经验。在护理评估、情志护理、饮食调护等常规护理的基础上, 开展耳穴贴压联合星状神经节阻滞干预, 通过疏通气血经络, 调节神经系统, 从而改善患者失眠症状, 提高患者睡眠质。)

This paper summarized the nursing management for a patient with postoperative pain of appendicitis. Based on the pain assessment and daily care evaluation, the Traditional Chinese Medicine nursing techniques such as thumbtack needling and auricular acupoint pressing therapy were carried out to relieve the postoperative pain of appendicitis and improve the postoperative rehabilitation and quality of life of the patient. (本文总结1例急性阑尾炎术后疼痛患者的护理体会。在完善疼痛评估和日常护理评估的基础上, 实施中医特色护理技术揿针联合耳穴压丸治疗, 同时完善常规护理措施。揿针联合耳穴压丸治疗能够有效缓解急性阑尾炎术后疼痛, 对促进患者术后康复和改善生活质量具有积极意义。)

This paper summarized the nursing management for a patient undergoing paravertebral nerve block for lumbar disc herniation (LDH). The paravertebral nerve block was effective to relieve the low back pain caused by LDH. Comprehensive nursing interventions such as preoperative evaluation and education, intraoperative nursing cooperation, postoperative observation were carried out to relieve the patient’ negative emotion and ensure treatment success. (本文总结1例腰椎间盘突出症(LDH)患者行椎旁神经阻滞镇痛的护理体会。椎旁神经阻滞治疗能有效缓解患者疼痛, 通过开展治疗前评估和宣教、治疗中护理配合、治疗后密切观察等护理干预, 减轻患者负性情绪, 确保治疗顺利完成。)

Fiber stabilizers can significantly extend the road’s service lifeIn the research below, six different types of fibers are selected to research extending the service life of asphalt pavements by improving raw materials in the early stage from the perspective of asphalt concrete material selection based on the renovation of the municipal service road (G321) in Neijiang City, Sichuan ProvinceThe effect and economical efficiency of different materials on extending the service life of asphalt concrete pavements were compared by analyzing the properties of different materials such as high-temperature stability, low-temperature crack resistance, water stability, freeze-thaw splitting, etc., and their respective economic benefitsThe results of the research can provide a reference for similar engineering projects.

In the present study, a comparative genome analysis of the novel alkaliphilic actinobacterial Nesterenkonia haasae with other members of the genus Nesterenkonia was performed. The genome size of Nesterenkonia members ranged from 2,188,008 to 3,676,111 bp. N. haasae and Nesterenkonia members of the present study encode the essential glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathway genes. In addition, some Nesterenkonia members encode the crucial genes for Entner-Doudoroff pathways. Some Nesterenkonia members possess the genes responsible for sulfate/thiosulfate transport system permease protein/ ATP-binding protein and conversion of sulfate to sulfite. Nesterenkonia members also encode the genes for assimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrite reductase, and the urea cycle. All Nesterenkonia members have the genes to overcome environmental stress and produce secondary metabolites. The present study helps to understand N. haasae and Nesterenkonia members’ environmental adaptation and niches specificity based on their specific metabolic properties. Further, based on genome analysis, we propose reclassifying Nesterenkonia jeotgali as a later heterotypic synonym of Nesterenkonia sandarakina.

This paper summarized the clinical treatment and nursing measures of incontinence associated dermatitis complicated with fungal infection in a critically ill patient. Targeted plan of catheter maintenance and skin care was made based on the assessment of patient conditions. The Traditional Chinese Medicine collapse stains method was used to relieve the pain and inflammation, and accelerate the wound healing. (本文总结 1 例危重症患者失禁性皮炎合并真菌感染的临床治疗及护理措施。根据患者个体情况, 制定针对性的管路护理和皮肤护理措施, 同时基于中医理论指导, 运用中药塌渍法缓解疼痛、促进炎症吸收, 加快皮肤创面愈合。)

At present, most of the network security equipment between the production network and data center of coal mine enterprises are deployed in serial mode. This mode has the problems of single point of failure, link bottleneck, and operation and maintenance coupling. In order to solve the above problems, the network security service chain technology of data center in coal mine enterprise based on software defined network (SDN) is studied. The parallel deployment mode of the security equipment of the data center in coal mine enterprise is designed as follows. A service function chain (SFC) switch is connected in series on the physical topology. All security equipment is connected to the SFC switch. The SDN controller is used to control security equipment and flow through the SFC switch. The SFC switch regularly sends detection messages to the security equipment to detect the health status of the security equipment. According to the configuration, the SDN security service chain in the case of security equipment failure, upgrade or increase is realized. This chain ensures that the security equipment is not aware of online and offline. The test results show that the technology supports the visual and flexible scheduling of security service resources. The technology can enable/disable security services on service chains or configure service chains with different priorities according to needs. The technology can automatically update security service paths in the case of security equipment failure. The technology has low packet loss rate and realizes unaware switching.

This paper reviewed the analgesic treatment and nursing for a patient with diabetic peripheral vascular disease complicated with post-herpetic neuralgia. Based on the analgesic treatment, psychological nursing and health education and other intervention measures were carried out to relieve the clinical symptoms of disease and improve the treatment adherence of the patient. (本文回顾1例糖尿病性周围血管病合并带状疱疹后遗神经痛患者的镇痛治疗与护理经验。在配合完成镇痛治疗同时, 护理人员给予患者心理护理及健康宣教等干预措施, 提高患者依从性)

BackgroundTraditional treatment alone might not effectively control the severity of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms. Transcranial pulse stimulation (TPS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) technology used on older adults with mild neurocognitive disorders and adults with major depressive disorder. However, there has been no study conducted on young adolescents with ADHD. This will be the first nationwide study evaluating the efficacy and safety of TPS in the treatment of ADHD among young adolescents in Hong Kong.MethodsThis study proposes a double-blinded, randomized, sham-controlled trial including TPS as an intervention group and a sham TPS group. Both groups will be measured at baseline (T1), immediately after the intervention (T2), and at the 1-month (T3) and 3-month follow-ups (T4).RecruitmentA total of 30 subjects aged between 12 and 17 years, diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), will be recruited in this study. All subjects will be computer randomized into either the intervention group or the sham TPS group on a 1:1 ratio.InterventionAll subjects in each group will have to undertake functional MRI (fMRI) before and after six 30-min TPS sessions, which will be completed in 2 weeks' time.OutcomesBaseline measurements and post-TPS evaluation of the ADHD symptoms and executive functions will also be conducted on all participants. The 1- and 3-month follow-up periods will be used to assess the long-term sustainability of the TPS intervention. For statistical analysis, ANOVA with repeated measures will be used to analyze data. Missing data were managed by multiple imputations. The level of significance will be set to p < 0.05.Significance of the studyResults emerging from this study will generate new knowledge to ascertain whether TPS can be used as a top-on treatment for ADHD.Clinical trial registrationclinicaltrails.gov, identifier: NCT05422274.

This paper summarized the experience of acupotomy therapy and nursing for a patient with lumbar disc herniation and pain. Primarily, it is required to enhance the preoperative preparation, intraoperative cooperation and vital signs assessment. Moreover, consideration should be taken on care of puncture sites, health education and exercise guidance after surgery. Implementation of systematic and scientific nursing interventions is able to relieve patients’ negative emotion and improve the treatment compliance and postoperative recovery. (本文总结脊柱针刀治疗1例腰椎间盘突出症伴疼痛患者的护理经验。术前做好准备工作; 术中积极配合、密切观察; 术后加强穿刺点的护理、开展健康宣教、指导患者进行相关锻炼。通过科学的护理, 有助于缓解患者不良情绪, 提高术中依从性, 促进患者早日康复。)

This paper summarized the nursing experience of a patient with post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN). The patient was given a comprehensive treatment and nursing including preoperative visit, postoperative patient-controlled analgesia, postoperative visit, doctor-nurse ward round, and targeted interventions on pain, anxiety, retention of urine, etc. The doctor-nurse ward round and timely adjustment of nursing strategy are effective to improve the therapeutic effect, relieve the pain degree of post-herpetic neuralgia and improve the patient quality of life. (本文总结1例带状疱疹后神经疼痛(PHN)患者的相关护理经验, 包括术前访视、术后自控镇痛泵护理、术后回访、医护联合查房以及针对疼痛、焦虑、尿潴留等的护理措施, 通过医护联合查房及时调整护理措施可以有效提高治疗效果, 减轻PHN患者的疼痛, 提高其生活质量。)

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a health issue that causes serious worldwide economic problems. It has previously been reported that natural polysaccharides have been studied with regard to regulating the gut microbiota, which plays an important role in T2DM. Here, we investigate the effects of Morchella esculenta polysaccharide (MEP) on a high-fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced T2DM in BALB/c mice. The administration of MEP effectively regulated hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia and improved insulin sensitivity. We also determined an improvement in gut microbiota composition by 16sRNA pyrosequencing. Treatment with MEP showed an increase in beneficial bacteria, i.e., Lactobacillus and Firmicutes, while the proportion of the opportunistic bacteria Actinobacteria, Corynebacterium, and Facklamia decreased. Furthermore, the treatment of T2DM mice with MEP resulted in reduced endotoxemia and insulin resistance-related pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin 1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin 6 (IL-6). Moreover, MEP treatment improved intestinal permeability by modulating the expression of the colon tight-junction proteins zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), occludin, claudin-1, and mucin-2 protein (MUC2). Additionally, MEP administration affects the metagenome of microbial communities in T2DM mice by altering the functional metabolic pathways. All these findings suggested that MEP is a beneficial prebiotic associated with ameliorating the gut microbiota and its metabolites in T2DM.

Oral care is a basic nursing activity central to patient comfort and well-being. This paper reviewed the clinical data of a patient with multiple organ dysfunction syndromes, and summarized the experience of oral care. Oral care with Traditional Chinese Medicine solution was carried out in addition to routine nursing, in order to improve the oral environment of the patient and reduce the risk of pulmonary infection. (口腔护理是基础护理的组成部分。本文回顾1例多脏器功能障碍综合征患者的临床资料, 总结口腔护理经验。治疗期间患者并发口腔黏膜破溃, 在常规口腔护理的基础上运用中药溶液进行口腔护理, 以改善口腔环境, 减少肺部感染的发生风险。)

With the widespread development of peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC), a variety of dressing are available for clinic. Selecting appropriate dressings, mastering the operation standard process and correctly evaluating replacement time of dressing can effectively reduce the complications after PICC catheterization, which includes accidental prolapse, ectopic, bleeding, puncture site infection, etc. This paper discussed the characteristics, indications, operation procedures, indications of different dressings in PICC and the different choices to be taken based on patients' own conditions. Therefore, it provides reference for the selection, usage and maintenance of clinical PICC catheterization dressings. (经外周静脉穿刺置入中心静脉导管(PICC)在临床应用广泛, 敷料的选择是PICC维护工作中的重要环节之一, 掌握敷料更换的操作规范流程, 正确评估并掌握敷料的更换时间, 可以有效降低PICC置管后的并发症发生风险。本文论述了不同敷料在PICC中的应用特点、适应症、操作流程和基于患者自身情况要采取的不同选择, 以其为临床PICC置管敷料的选择、使用及维护提供相应的参考。)

Objective To compare the effect of pulse-type and direct push-type flushing method after intravenous injection of non-irritating drugs with peripheral venous catheter (PVC). Methods Totally 60 patients with mixed hemorrhoids were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group, 30 cases in each group. The observation group was injected with 5 mL 0. 9% sodium chloride injection by slow direct push-type flushing method, while the control group was injected with pulse-type flushing method. The indwelling time of venous indwelling catheter, the incidence of blood return, tube blockage and phlebitis were compared between the two groups. Results The incidence of blood return and tube blockage in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P＜0. 05). The phlebitis occurred in neither of the two groups. The indwelling time in the observation group was significantly longer than that in the control group(P＜0. 05). Conclusion During intravenous injection of non-irritating drugs, the direct push-type flushing method is potentially effective to reduce the incidence of blood return and tube blockage, reduce the pain of patients, and improve the clinical nurse work efficiency and nursing quality. (目的 比较经外周静脉留置针输注非刺激性药物中采用脉冲式和直接推注式冲管的效果观察。方法 选取混合痔术后采用静脉留置针输液的患者60例, 随机分为观察组和对照组, 各30例。观察组采用注射器将0. 9%氯化钠注射液5 mL以缓慢直接推注式冲管法推注, 对照组采用脉冲式冲管法推注。比较2组静脉留置针留置时间、回血、堵管及静脉炎的发生率。结果 观察组患者回血、堵管发生率均低于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05)。2组均无静脉炎发生。观察组留置时间长于对照组, 差异有统计意义(P＜0. 05)。结论 输注非刺激性药物时采用直接推注式冲管会降低患者回血、堵管的发生风险, 减少患者痛苦, 对提高护士临床工作效率和护理质量具有积极意义。)

Severe pneumonia has a high incidence, fatality rate and poor prognosis in the elderly patients, which posing a great threat to the life safety of elderly patients. This article summarized the application experience of care bundles in an elderly patient with severe pneumonia. Through the development of clustered airway care measures, including effective sputum discharge, posture management, safe nasal feeding, oral care, and hand hygiene, in order to improve the patient’s prognosis. (重症肺炎在老年人中发病率、病死率高, 预后差, 对老年患者生命安全构成极大威胁。本文总结了集束化护理在1例高龄重症肺炎患者气道管理中的应用经验, 通过制定气道集束化护理措施, 包括有效排痰、体位管理、安全鼻饲、口腔护理、手卫生, 旨在改善患者预后。)

This paper reviewed the clinical data and nursing management of a patient with severe pneumonia and diabetes mellitus. The patient received transnasal feeding tube placement for enteral nutrition support. In addition to enteral nutrition-related nursing management, a care bundle including psychological nursing, oral/nasal cavity and skin care, maintenance of feeding tube and catheter was carried out to improve the treatment efficacy. (本文回顾1例重症肺炎合并糖尿病患者的肠内营养支持与护理措施。护理人员遵医嘱给予患者肠内营养液鼻饲泵入, 在加强肠内营养护理的同时给予心理护理、口鼻腔及皮肤黏膜护理、导管护理等干预措施。)

This paper summarized the nursing measures of pressure injuries in a diabetic patient with transverse injury of the spinal cord. Based on the multi-disciplinary consultation, a set of nursing interventions such as strengthening health education and improving treatment compliance were carried out. Individualized dressing change plan was developed with the help of experts in ostomy and wound care, in order to improve the wound healing, relieve pain and improve the quality of life among patients. (本文总结1例脊髓横贯性损伤合并糖尿病患者压力性损伤的护理措施。通过对患者多学科会诊, 加强健康教育, 提高依从性, 聘请伤口造口专业学组专家指导, 为患者伤口制定个性化的换药方案, 达到促进伤口愈合、减轻患者痛苦、提高生活质量的目的。)

A graph G is edge-L-colorable if for a given edge assignment L = {L(e) : e ∈ E(G)}, there exists a proper edge-coloring φ of G such that φ(e) ∈ L(e) for all e ∈ E(G). If G is edge-L-colorable for every edge assignment L such that |L(e)| ≥ k for all e ∈ E(G), then G is said to be edge-k-choosable. In this paper, we prove that if G is a planar graph without 6-cycles with two chords, then G is edge-k-choosable, where k = max{7, Δ(G) + 1}, and is edge-t-choosable, where t = max{9, Δ(G)}.

This paper, is mean to summarized the key points and methods in maintenance of central venous catheter(CVC) line, so as to reduce the blockage, disjunction of CVC, catheterrelated blood steam infection through reviewing the standardized nursing care of indwelling central venous catheterization(CVC)in a patient with esophageal cancer. The high-quality maintenance of CVC provides an assurance to the application of various hypertonic rescue drugs and long-term infusion of parenteral nutrition, therefore improving the quality of life of patients. (本文通过回顾1例食管癌患者留置中心静脉导管(CVC)的标准化护理措施, 总结留置CVC的护理方法和要点, 从而降低堵管、脱管、导管相关性血流感染等发生风险, 保持管路通畅, 为各种高渗抢救药物的应用以及肠外营养的长期输注提供保证, 进而提高患者的生命质量。)

This paper reviewed the clinical data and treatment of a patient with pulmonary infection-associated fever and coma, and summarized related nursing interventions. The patient received comprehensive therapy including mechanical ventilation, anti-infection and anti-inflammatory treatment, reducing edema and eliminating phlegm. During the anti-infection treatment, targeted nursing intervention against fever, airway management, skin care and enteral nutrition were carried out. (本文回顾1例发热、昏迷伴肺部感染患者的临床治疗措施, 总结相关护理经验。给予患者呼吸机辅助通气, 联合抗感染、抗炎、减轻局部水肿、化痰等综合治疗。抗感染治疗期间, 针对发热实施护理干预, 加强气道管理, 同时给予皮肤护理和肠内营养支持。)

[Objectives] With the traditional smoothed particle hydrodynamics method, there is pressure oscillation in the flow field when simulating hydrodynamic problems involving free surfaces. In order to find out an effective algorithm to suppress pressure oscillation,the effects of two density diffusive algorithms, consisting of density re-normalization and density dissipation on suppressing pressure oscillation,are compared.[Methods] In this paper,a program to quantitatively measure wave elevation was employed and the effects of motion speed on these two algorithms were considered. The sloshing problems were simulated by using these two algorithms,respectively,and the pressure of one point within the fluid field and the wave elevation of the free surface were plotted at different angular velocities.[Results] By comparing the results obtained by the two algorithms,it was found that algorithms with a diffusive term when the coefficient is 0.05 can effectively suppress the pressure oscillation and obtain a more stable pressure and smoother free surface profile at different angular velocities. At a lower angular velocity,the density re-normalization algorithm does not express very well. At a higher angular velocity,both the two algorithms express very well,and suppress the pressure oscillation.[Conclusions] This conclusion makes a considerable contribution to engineering。

The monitoring and control terminal for transfer machine is developed. On the basis of processor STM32WB55CCU6, the different circuits have been designed, including the radio frequency signal detection circuit, ENC28J60 Ethernet data transmission circuit, RS-485 bus communication circuit, etc. Based on the sensor network of underground coal mine and the uCOS system, the terminal system software has been designed. The test results show that the distance between two nodes is within 70 meters, which can ensure the integrity and safety of data transmission. Besides, the response time of the remote monitoring terminal is less than 5 seconds.

Objectives In order to improve the safety performance of marine structures, fully nonlinear numerical simulation study is carried out on the problem of wave-structure interaction.Methods Based on the three-dimensional fully nonlinear time-domain potential flow theory and the higher-order boundary element method (HOBEM), an open water model for the interaction between waves and structures is established. The total velocity potential is decomposed into incident potential and scattering potential by the velocity potential separation technique. The mixed Euler-Lagrange (MEL) method is used to track the particle in the instantaneous free surface, and the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method is used to update the instantaneous free surface. In order to calculate wave loads, a virtual function is introduced instead of directly predicting the time derivative of the velocity potential. To prevent waves from reflecting from the far field boundary, an artificial damping layer is placed on the outside of the free surface. In addition, the free surface mesh is generated only once at the initial time, and then the spring approximation method is used to reconstruct the instantaneous free surface mesh without changing the order of mesh nodes, so as to avoid the possible numerical instability.Results On the basis of validating and verifying the present numerical model, a Floating Production, Storage and Offloading (FPSO) unit is numerically simulated to study its hydrodynamics. It is found that the motion response of FPSO increases obviously in the resonance section when considering the nonlinear effect, and it is proved that the prediction of the motion of FPSO by the traditional linear method is tend to be risk.Conclusions The work of this paper will provide a more reliable prediction tool for the design of the offshore floating structures and also provide the necessary theoretical basis for the practical application of the offshore floating structures.

With the normalized use of shore power, it has become one of the important measures to improve the atmospheric environment of ports. The utilization rate of shore power for berthing ships will significantly increase, the frequency of electrical equipment usage in the shore power system will significantly increase, and the workload of operation and maintenance will also significantly increase. This article conducts research on the operation and maintenance technology of main electrical equipment, analyzes typical faults, and provides technical support for the collaborative use of shore power by ships and shore to reduce accident hazards, increase system stability and reliability.

Plants have innate immune systems and protective mechanisms to resist the attack of pathogenic microorganisms. Unlike mammals, they lack mobile defensive cells and therefore rely on autonomous cell events for protection. These cells have a wide range of recognition capabilities for detecting pathogens, thus filling the gap of the adaptive immune system. These protective mechanisms will remain inactive or latent until they are activated after exposure to inducers or application of stimuli. Only after they are affected by pathogens or the same elicitors do they begin to show an active state. The role of oligosaccharides in plant immunity is gradually attracting widespread attention. Therefore, this paper summarizes the functions of oligosaccharides related to plant immunity and provides examples of induced defense events. The recognition of sugar molecules as signal molecules in plants has also been proposed. In this review, we focus on the development andapplication of oligosaccharides in plant immunity and their potential value in agricultural field.

The continuous innovation in the medical technology sector is helping to the application of infrared vein finder in peripheral venipuncture. This paper summarized the factors causing peripheral venipuncture failure in the clinical setting and principles of vascular visualization technology, briefly introduce the application process of infrared vein finder in peripheral venipuncture, and discuss related standardized management procedure. (随着医疗技术的不断进步, 血管成像仪逐渐被应用于外周静脉穿刺操作中。本文初步总结了临床外周静脉穿刺失败的原因, 阐述血管可视化技术的原理, 简要介绍了外周静脉穿刺中投影式血管成像仪的应用流程, 并探讨血管成像可视化系统的应用标准。)

[Objectives] Flow around hydrofoils under high Reynolds number is always a hot topic in hydrodynamic field due to its complicated principle and difficult calculation. The Discrete Vortex Model (DVM) based on vorticity and stream function formulation is a meshless method,which effectively overcomes the numerical viscous problem. Vortex movement in the flow field with high Reynolds number can also be accurately simulated because of its high resolution in the vortex concentration range. A random vortex method was used to predict the vortex shedding frequency of two-dimensional rigid hydrofoils with high Reynolds number.[Methods] Taking NACA 66 series hydrofoil as an example,the prediction of the frequency was verified by comparing with the experimental data. In addition,the effects of flow velocity and Angle of Attack(AOA) on the frequency of hydrofoil vortex shedding were also discussed and analyzed.[Results] The results show that,the frequency of the vortex shedding increases nonlinearly with the growth of the inflow velocity. And with the increase of the initial AOA of hydrofoil,the size and strength of the vortex rise up and the frequency of the vortex shedding goes down.[Conclusions] The velocity of incoming flow and the initial AOA of hydrofoil have a significant effect on the vortex shedding frequency of two-dimensional hydrofoils,which provide reference for the study on the vortex shedding mechanism of 2D profile of the blade,and even the prediction of the vibration noise of the whole propeller.

Objective To evaluate the training intensity and fatigue level after 5 km armed off-road training in army special operations forces (SOF), and to screen sensitive indicators for fatigue evaluation. Methods Twenty soldiers at professional posts were collected from a SOF unit during May and June 2018 by simple random sampling. They conducted a training of 5 km armed off-road strictly according to the assessment criteria of SOF. Their fatigue indexes were collected before and after training, and the results were compared and analyzed. A survey questionnaire about training conditions was conducted on 44 officers and 420 soldiers selected from a SOF unit by cluster sampling. The fatigue levels of different SOF training subjects was quantitatively scored and ranked. Results ① Compared with the resting values before 5 km armed off-road training, the peripheral blood level of lactic acid (P < 0.001) was increased significantly, while the pH value of saliva was decreased obviously after training (P=0.013). ② Their heart rate (P < 0.001) and blood perfusion index (P=0.015) were elevated remarkably, but the oxygen saturation was reduced (P < 0.001) after training. ③No significant differences were found in the handgrip strengths of the dominant and non-dominant hands and skin space thresholds before and after the training. ④The training reduced the indicators of neurobehavioral ability, such as memory scanning (P=0.030), visual attention span (P=0.007) and curve fitting ability index (P=0.001) in the subjects when compared with the data before training. ⑤Among the 16 training subjects, there were 6 SOF training subjects causing higher fatigue level than that of 5 km armed off-road training. Conclusion Five-kilometer armed off-road training is an activity of sub-severe intensity. Blood lactic acid, saliva pH value, heart rate, oxygen saturation, visual attention span, and curve fitting ability index can be used as sensitive indicators to evaluate the training fatigue of soldiers in SOF.

Objective To evaluate the training intensity and fatigue level after 400-meter barrier training in army special operations force (SOF), and to screen sensitive indicators for fatigue evaluation. Methods Twenty soldiers at professional posts were collected from a SOF unit during May and June 2018 by simple random sampling. They conducted a training of 400-meter barrier strictly according to the assessment criteria of SOF. Their fatigue indexes were collected before and after training. Results ① Compared with the resting level before 400-meter barrier training, the lactic acid level in the peripheral blood was increased significantly (P < 0.000 1). But there was no statistical difference in the pH value of saliva between pre- and post-training; ②Compared with the resting levels before training, the heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and pulse pressure were elevated significantly after training (P < 0.000 1), but the blood perfusion index and oxygen saturation were decreased remarkably (P < 0.000 1, P=0.001 5); ③ Training showed no effect on the handgrip strength of the dominant and non-dominant hands and skin space thresholds; ④ The training reduced the indicators of neurobehavioral ability, such as visual attention span (P=0.038 4), but no such difference was seen in the other indexes. ⑤ The 400-meter barrier training showed better effectiveness on the improvement of heart rate and pulse pressure when compared with 5-kilometer armed off-road training (P=0.043 7, P < 0.000 1). Conclusion The 400-meter barrier training is an activity of severe intensity and can cause a higher fatigue level than 5-kilometer armed off-road training. Blood lactic acid, heart rate, pulse pressure, oxygen saturation and visual attention span can be used as sensitive indicators to evaluate the training fatigue in SOF soldiers after 400-meter barrier training.