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Annotation. The purpose of the work is to systematize and analyze existing problematic aspects in the study of postnatal neurogenesis in neuroproliferative areas of the brain. The relevance of this problem is due to the growing share of neurodegenerative diseases and the search for the possibility of their treatment. From the databases PubMed, ScienceDirect, UpToDate, Web of science, Scopus, 28 sources on this problem were selected for consideration, regardless of age, with a predominance of publications from the last 10 years. The state of research related to the study of postnatal neurogenesis in the neuroproliferative areas of the brain (hippocampus) is highlighted as a result of the scientific and theoretical analysis of literature sources. Further branches of research are outlined. The lack of clear data on the structure of different areas of the hippocampus under the action of neurogenesis-inhibiting factors with subsequent stimulation in these same areas was revealed. The need for standardization of immunohistochemical methods of research and improvement of the method of detection of known neurospecific proteins, which are markers of proliferation or apoptosis, has been identified, which will enable both the comparison of the results obtained by different researchers and their interpretation.

Studies of the nervous system today are quite relevant and important. There are a large number of methods of studying and researching the brain, among which the histological method is widely used. Despite the variety of methods, in the possible practical application of histological examination of the central nervous system and brain in particular there are problems encountered by researchers: the complexity of the method, a large number of conventions to consider when working with nerve tissue, methods of fixation. Among other research methods, there is a group of histological methods, united by a common feature – in vivo staining of the nervous system, among which there is also a method of in vivo staining with methylene blue. The aim of the study was to establish the morphological features of the structure of the intercellular fluid circulation of the brain in experimental animals. The article describes a new method of injectable in vivo staining of the brains of laboratory animals with methylene blue. It is relevant for studying the morphology of the intercellular fluid circulation of the brain and the study of the structure of the microcirculatory tract. In our work it is offered to combine already known methods of perfusion fixation and a technique of supravital staining with methylene blue. Since most scientific studies of the brain use conventional research methods without a comprehensive study of the entire microcirculatory tract and intercellular fluid circulation, there is a need for more detailed study of the histological structure and topography of microcirculatory brain complexes to establish their normal structure. The results of the study confirm the researchers' observation that methylene blue has a high affinity for nerve fibers in the brain. In addition, it is obvious that the additional use of formalin as a solvent increases the resistance of methylene blue to leaching and the ability to stain the structures of the microcirculatory tract. In addition, the lifetime application of this technique allows you to visualize the morphological features of the microcirculation pathways of the intercellular fluid of the brain, Virchow-Robin space and capillary walls.