17 results on '"Vincent Bertrin"'
Search Results
2. Wind Exposure Regulates Water Oxygenation in Densely Vegetated Shallow Lakes
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Cristina Ribaudo, Juliette Tison-Rosebery, Mélissa Eon, Gwilherm Jan, and Vincent Bertrin
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lake management ,modelling ,carbon dioxide ,aquatic weeds ,respiration ,hypoxia ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
The presence of dense macrophyte canopies in shallow lakes locally generates thermal stratification and the buildup of labile organic matter, which in turn stimulate the biological oxygen demand. The occurrence of hypoxic conditions may, however, be buffered by strong wind episodes, which favor water mixing and reoxygenation. The present study aims at explicitly linking the wind action and water oxygenation within dense hydrophytes stands in shallow lakes. For this purpose, seasonal 24 h-cycle campaigns were carried out for dissolved gases and inorganic compounds measurements in vegetated stands of an oligo-mesotrophic shallow lake. Further, seasonal campaigns were carried out in a eutrophic shallow lake, at wind-sheltered and -exposed sites. Overall results showed that dissolved oxygen (DO) daily and seasonal patterns were greatly affected by the degree of wind exposure. The occurrence of frequent wind episodes favored the near-bottom water mixing, and likely facilitated mechanical oxygen supply from the atmosphere or from the pelagic zone, even during the maximum standing crop of plants (i.e., summer and autumn). A simple model linking wind exposure (Keddy Index) and water oxygenation allowed us to produce an output management map, which geographically identified wind-sheltered sites as the most subjected to critical periods of hypoxia.
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- 2021
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3. Invasive Aquatic Plants as Ecosystem Engineers in an Oligo-Mesotrophic Shallow Lake
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Cristina Ribaudo, Juliette Tison-Rosebery, Damien Buquet, Gwilherm Jan, Aurélien Jamoneau, Gwenaël Abril, Pierre Anschutz, and Vincent Bertrin
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carbon emission ,methane ,hypoxia ,water stratification ,nutrients regeneration ,seasonal ,Plant culture ,SB1-1110 - Abstract
Exotic hydrophytes are often considered as aquatic weeds, especially when forming dense mats on an originally poorly colonized environment. While management efforts and research are focused on the control and on the impacts of aquatic weeds on biodiversity, their influence on shallow lakes’ biogeochemical cycles is still unwell explored. The aim of the present study is to understand whether invasive aquatic plants may affect the biogeochemistry of shallow lakes and act as ecosystem engineers. We performed a multi-year investigation (2013–2015) of dissolved biogeochemical parameters in an oligo-mesotrophic shallow lake of south-west of France (Lacanau Lake), where wind-sheltered bays are colonized by dense mats of exotic Egeria densa Planch. and Lagarosiphon major (Ridl.) Moss. We collected seasonal samples at densely vegetated and plant-free areas, in order to extrapolate and quantify the role of the presence of invasive plants on the biogeochemistry, at the macrophyte stand scale and at the lake scale. Results revealed that elevated plant biomass triggers oxygen (O2), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and nitrogen (DIN) stratification, with hypoxia events frequently occurring at the bottom of the water column. Within plants bed, elevated respiration rates generated important amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and ammonium (NH4+). The balance between benthic nutrients regeneration and fixation into biomass results strictly connected to the seasonal lifecycle of the plants. Indeed, during summer, DIC and DIN regenerated from the sediment are quickly fixed into plant biomass and sustain elevated growth rates. On the opposite, in spring and autumn, bacterial and plant respiration overcome nutrients fixation, resulting in an excess of nutrients in the water and in the increase of carbon emission toward the atmosphere. Our study suggests that aquatic weeds may perform as ecosystem engineers, by negatively affecting local oxygenation and by stimulating nutrients regeneration.
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- 2018
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4. Effects of wind-induced sediment resuspension on distribution and morphological traits of aquatic weeds in shallow lakes
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Vincent Bertrin, Sébastien Boutry, Gwilherm Jan, Greta Ducasse, Florent Grigoletto, and Cristina Ribaudo
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Exotic invasive hydrophytes ,sedimentary organic matter ,wind exposure ,biomonitoring ,colonization depth ,alien plant management ,Geography. Anthropology. Recreation ,Physical geography ,GB3-5030 ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
The spread of invasive aquatic plants (i.e., aquatic weeds) requires a broader knowledge of the factors determining their settlement at the lake scale, in order to improve management practices and biomonitoring. Among hydrodynamic pressures, wave action might influence submerged vegetation distribution in shallow lakes and potentially engender modifications of plant morphological traits. We here report a field survey conducted between 2014 and 2015 in French Atlantic Lakes to assess the spatial distribution and biomass production of two rooted aquatic weeds, Egeria densa Planch. and Lagarosiphon major (Ridl.) Moss, in relation to wind-induced sediment resuspension, water depth and sedimentary features. Moreover, we explored the relation between plant morphological traits and hydrodynamic disturbance under in situ conditions. At the lake scale, E. densa and L. major formed extensive monospecific stands, and occurred in the same areas only at low biomass. Both monospecific and mixed stands preferentially developed in shallow-sheltered or deep-exposed areas. Plant morphological traits showed different patterns in function of sediment resuspension according to the species and the lake. The influence of resuspension was however not systematic, with many cases where morphological traits were not affected at all. Maximum stem length appeared to be the most correlated trait towards sediment resuspension. Moreover, we found a significant correlation between the biomass and the sedimentary organic matter, indicating an interaction between the organic substrate preference of the plants and the effect of the canopy on fine particles sedimentation. On the whole, we highlighted the link between plant distribution, phenotypic plasticity and sediment resuspension, with calm-water zones favouring the settlement of dense vegetated stands. Our study could thus contribute to improve prediction models for identifying suitable areas for potential colonization by aquatic weeds. Further research is needed to better understand the role played by hydraulic forces in structuring the habitats in shallow lakes.
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- 2017
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5. Les macrophytes indigènes et exotiques : mieux connaître pour mieux gérer
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Andoni Zuazo, Lionel Fournier, Alain Dutartre, and Vincent Bertrin
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lacs et étangs aquitains ,espèces invasives ,research ,échosondage ,arrachage ,General Medicine ,grubbing ,harvesting ,invasive species ,moissonnage ,plans d’eau ,aquatic plant monitoring ,gestion ,water bodies ,recherche ,Aquitaine lakes and ponds ,echosounding ,inventaires floristiques ,management - Abstract
Lacs et étangs du littoral aquitain abritent des plantes aquatiques visibles à l’œil nu (macrophytes) inféodées aux hydrosystèmes oligotrophes sableux peu profonds, incluant des espèces rares, endémiques ou présentes habituellement dans les lacs d’Europe du Nord. Depuis une quarantaine d’années, ces plans d’eau sont également le lieu de développements plus ou moins importants de macrophytes exotiques à caractère envahissant. Ces plantes peuvent former des herbiers denses susceptibles de créer localement des envahissements importants dès que les conditions environnementales leurs sont favorables, menant parfois à la colonisation quasi totale de la superficie de certains petits étangs. L’obstacle que représentent les herbiers denses dans la pratique de certains usages récréatifs et les interrogations liées à leurs impacts potentiels sur les espèces indigènes et le fonctionnement écologique des limnosystèmes, ont mené gestionnaires et hydrobiologistes à établir une stratégie commune visant à acquérir des connaissances sur ces "nouvelles" espèces, et à mettre en œuvre des solutions de gestion. À partir de la fin des années 1980, le Syndicat Mixte Géolandes et l’Irstea-Cemagref (désormais l’INRAE) ont collaboré pour établir des diagnostics des espèces présentes et des sites colonisés, pour élaborer ensuite un plan de gestion dédié à la régulation adaptée de chaque espèce en fonction des enjeux identifiés, et à l’entretien régulier des zones traitées pour éviter toute recolonisation massive. Depuis, cette collaboration perdure, le dialogue s’opérant sur la politique de gestion adoptée par le Syndicat Mixte, s’appuyant sur un réseau de référents locaux coordonnant les opérations de surveillance et d’entretien confiées aux collectivités locales avec le soutien technique et financier du Syndicat. Elle s’appuie également sur l’analyse à long terme des dynamiques des plantes et sur le développement de techniques d’échantillonnage et de prédiction de leur distribution potentielle à fine échelle. Ainsi, les questions de gestion alimentent en continu les questions de recherche scientifique, pour tenter de répondre aux interrogations actuelles et émergentes liées à la présence des végétaux dans les plans d’eau. Natural lakes and ponds located along the Aquitaine coastline shelter large aquatic plants (macrophytes), inhabiting shallow sandy oligotrophic habitats and including rare and endemic species usually present in northern European lakes. Since forty years, these lakes are also the place of exotic plant growth. These plants are able to colonize a large part of the lake area (especially in small ponds) when local environmental conditions are favourable to them. Large and dense beds induce difficulties in the practice of traditional and recreational use of lakes. The questions related to their potential impact on native species and the ecological functioning of hydrosystems have led managers and hydrobiologists to establish a common strategy, in order to improve knowledge on these "new" species and to implement management solutions. Since the late 1980s, Géolandes (managers) and Irstea-Cemagref (researchers, from now INRAE) worked together to establish a diagnosis of invasive species distribution and abundance. This common work aims to draw up a management plan dedicated to the regulation of exotic species and the monitoring of potential recolonization following management actions. Since then, this collaboration between managers and researchers has continued. Now, discussions are focused on the management policy adopted by Géolandes based on a local referent network, who coordinate monitoring operations entrusted to the local authorities with the technical and financial support of Géolandes. This collaboration is also based on a long-term analysis of plant dynamics, the development of sampling techniques and the prediction of their potential distribution on a fine scale. In this way, management issues are continuously feeding scientific research questions related to the presence and the trajectory of plants in the lakes.
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- 2022
6. Rôle de l’histoire du paysage sur la diversité des macrophytes dans les lacs du littoral Aquitain
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Aurélien Jamoneau, Liess Bouraï, Lise Devreux, Louise Percaille, Audrey Queau, and Vincent Bertrin
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isoetids ,diversité biologique ,General Medicine ,landscape ,bassin versant ,extinction debt ,macrophytes ,biological diversity ,richesse taxonomique ,Anthropisation ,taxonomic richness ,hysteresis ,lake watershed ,paysage ,isoétides ,dette d’extinction ,land-use changes ,occupation du sol ,Anthropization - Abstract
La biodiversité actuellement observée dans les milieux naturels est le résultat de processus passés (naturels ou anthropiques) qui ont contraint et sélectionné les espèces présentes sur ces milieux. L’histoire de ces contraintes est pourtant rarement considérée dans l’étude de la diversité des communautés biologiques, en particulier dans les écosystèmes aquatiques tels que les lacs et étangs. En utilisant l’histoire du paysage comme un indicateur de l’influence anthropique passée, nous avons cherché, dans cette étude, à mesurer l’importance relative de ces processus historiques sur la diversité des plantes aquatiques. Ainsi, nous avons reconstitué l’occupation du sol en 1945, 1965, 1985 et 2000 sur 17 bassins versants de lacs et étangs du littoral aquitain, afin d’examiner dans un premier temps la dynamique paysagère sur ces espaces, et dans un second temps, de tester son importance sur la structure et la composition de la diversité des macrophytes. L’influence relative du paysage passé et récent ainsi que des facteurs abiotiques liés à la qualité de l’eau et aux caractéristiques physiques des masses d’eau sur la richesse et la composition des macrophytes a ainsi été évaluée. Nos résultats montrent que les bassins versants étudiés témoignent d’une dynamique d’artificialisation croissante au dépens des zones semi-naturelles, et que la qualité physico-chimique de l’eau et l’occupation du sol passée jouent conjointement un rôle prépondérant dans l’organisation des communautés végétales. Ces résultats soulignent l’importance de l’histoire du paysage dans la structuration de la biodiversité actuelle et suggèrent des délais de réponse importants des communautés de macrophytes suite aux différentes pressions anthropiques. Intégrer les dynamiques temporelles dans l’étude des écosystèmes lacustres se révèle donc indispensable à une meilleure compréhension des mécanismes naturels qui gouvernent l’assemblage des espèces occupant ces milieux, et offre de nouvelles perspectives pour la gestion de sa biodiversité. Biological diversity currently observed in natural areas is the result of past environmental processes (natural or anthropogenic) which have constrained and selected local species occurrence. Environmental history is however rarely considered in biological studies focusing on community diversity, particularly in freshwater aquatic ecosystems such as lakes and ponds. In using landscape history as an indicator of past anthropogenic influence, we aimed to measure the relative importance of historic processes on aquatic plant diversity. Consequently, we determined land-use occupancies in 1945, 1965, 1985 and 2002 on 17 watershed’s lakes and ponds of South-Western France, in order to i) evaluated land-use changes during the last decades and ii) tested the effect of historical land-use on macrophyte diversity and composition. The relative influence of past land-use, recent land-use as well as abiotic factors related to water quality and lakes’ morphological features on macrophyte taxonomic richness and composition was tested. We found that lakes’ watershed landscapes evidenced an increase of anthropization at the expense of semi-natural areas and that water quality jointly with historical land-use strongly structured macrophytes taxonomic richness and composition. These results underlined the importance of past land-use on current diversity patterns and suggested delay responses of macrophytes communities to anthropogenic pressures. Including temporal dynamics in lacustrine ecosystems studies is thus essential for a better understanding of natural processes patterning aquatic species assemblages, and gives new insights for better management of their biodiversity.
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- 2022
7. Le comblement des plans d’eau douce du littoral landais : un enjeu territorial majeur
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Lionel Fournier, Alain Dutartre, Vincent Bertrin, and Andoni Zuazo
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General Medicine - Published
- 2019
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8. Rôle fonctionnel, dynamiques écologiques et nécessité de gestion des communautés d’isoétides dans les lacs et étangs du littoral aquitain
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Vincent Bertrin, Sébastien Boutry, Alain Dutartre, Gwilherm Jan, Sylvia Moreira, and Cristina Ribaudo
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General Medicine - Published
- 2019
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9. Influence de l'histoire du paysage sur la diversité des plantes aquatiques
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Lise Devreux, Vincent Bertrin, Louise Percaille, Aurélien Jamoneau, Audrey Queau, Liess Bouraï, Ecosystèmes aquatiques et changements globaux (UR EABX), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Études des Structures, des Processus d’Adaptation et des Changements de l’Espace (ESPACE), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Avignon Université (AU)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)
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0106 biological sciences ,Watershed ,Ecology ,Land use ,010604 marine biology & hydrobiology ,Aquatic ecosystem ,Plant Science ,15. Life on land ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Macrophyte ,Geography ,13. Climate action ,Aquatic plant ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences ,Terrestrial ecosystem ,14. Life underwater ,Species richness ,Arable land ,[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience; The historical composition of landscapes is recognized as an important factor for explaining plant diversity patterns, because current species assemblages are not only patterned by current ecological conditions, but also represent legacies of the past. Indeed, historical landscapes can represent past anthropogenic impact on the environment whose effects could still be observed nowadays. However, the influence of history on diversity patterns has mostly been investigated for terrestrial ecosystems, but has rarely been considered for aquatic ones. Here, we examined the effect of historical landscapes and land-use changes on the taxonomic richness and composition of aquatic plant communities in French freshwater shallow lakes and ponds. We aimed to test the relative influence of environmental variables and landscapes legacy on macrophyte species assemblages. We surveyed the macrophytes communities in 100m sections of the shoreline of each lake (N=17) up to 1m depth. We used water chemistry and physical features of lakes as environmental variables, and reconstructed historical land-use of lakes' watershed with aerial pictures of 1945, 1965, 1985 and 2000 for examining historical variables. Landscape changes were examined with transition matrices and principal component analysis (PCA) and species composition with non-metrical multidimensional scaling (NMDS). The relative influence of physical, chemical and historical factors on species richness and composition were tested with variation partitioning methods. We found that the landscape of all lakes' watershed exhibit a trend toward an increase of urban and arable areas at the expense of semi-natural ones. Environmental variables and historical factors are strongly correlated with macrophyte diversity but current landscape composition seems to have only a weak influence. Especially, historical landscape factors appeared to be strongly associated with species macrophyte composition. These results underline the importance of historical factors in explaining aquatic plant diversity and suggest delayed responses of plant communities to anthropogenic pressures. Integrating historical factors in future analyses of aquatic ecosystems would thus greatly contribute to understand ecological processes governing their species assemblages, and would be crucial for their conservation and management.
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- 2021
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10. Effects of macrophytes on potential nitrification and denitrification in oligotrophic lake sediments
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Vincent Bertrin, Sara Benelli, Cristina Ribaudo, Elisa Anna Fano, Marco Bartoli, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability [Parma], University of Parma = Università degli studi di Parma [Parme, Italie], Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP), Ecosystèmes aquatiques et changements globaux (UR EABX), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Klaipėda University [Lituanie] (KU), and Università degli Studi di Ferrara (UniFE)
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0106 biological sciences ,Denitrification ,[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes ,Heterotroph ,Potential rates ,Plant Science ,[SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity ,Aquatic Science ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Sediments ,Denitrifying bacteria ,[SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems ,Trophic state index ,Chemistry ,[SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering ,010604 marine biology & hydrobiology ,15. Life on land ,[SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics ,Anoxic waters ,Nitrification ,6. Clean water ,Macrophyte ,Macrophytes ,13. Climate action ,Environmental chemistry ,Shoot ,[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology - Abstract
Macrophytes may either stimulate or depress nitrogen-related microbial processes via radial oxygen loss (ROL), production of exudates or uptake of inorganic N. ROL can favor aerobic processes as nitrification, exudates may stimulate denitrification, whereas N assimilation and competition with microbes may depress both processes. We measured rates of potential nitrification (PN) and denitrification (PD) in oligotrophic lacustrine sediments colonized by submersed and emergent macrophytes. Potential rates were also analyzed in adjacent control sediments devoid of vegetation. Aim of the work was to verify if the presence of macrophytes alters the potential activity of nitrifying or denitrifying bacteria. Vertical profiles (0−10 cm depth) of PN and PD rates were measured via oxic (nitrification) and anoxic (denitrification) slurries, where we measured the accumulation of NOx− from added NH4+ and the production of 30N2 from added 15NO3−, respectively. Results suggest that under oligotrophic settings macrophytes produced small effects on potential nitrification and denitrification activities. Despite elevated oxygen release demonstrated for most of the tested macrophytes, nitrification was likely constrained by significant plant-bacteria competition. Potential denitrification was comparatively more stimulated by macrophytes, but we address this result to a general increase of heterotrophic microbial activity in organic-richer vegetated sediments, due to dead root biomass or exudates. The highest PN and PD rates were measured in sediments colonized by Littorella uniflora, likely due to its large underground biomass (root:shoot ratio ∼3.5), root porosity and oxygen leakage.
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- 2020
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11. Contamination polymétallique des Lacs AQuitains et impacts Humains (CLAQH)
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Régine Maury Brachet, jean-marc ANDRE, Pierre Anschutz, Alyssa Azaroff, Magalie Baudrimont, Vincent Bertrin, Sébastien Boutry, Damien Buquet, Axel Canredon, Celine Charbonnier, Agnès Feurtet-Mazel, Claire Gassie, Sophie Gentes, Pierre Gilfriche, Remy Guyoneaud, Gwilherm Jan, Mickael Laclau, Alexia Legeay, Véronique Lespinet-Najib, Brice Löhrer, Théo Marechal, Mathilde Monperrus, Zoyne Pedrero, Maud Pierre, Dominique Poirier, Armand Poli, Cristina Ribaudo, Léna Rossi, EPOC - CNRS, UMR 5805, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Cognitique (ENSC), Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux, Ecosystèmes aquatiques et changements globaux (UR EABX), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut des sciences analytiques et de physico-chimie pour l'environnement et les materiaux (IPREM), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP), Université de Bordeaux, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA), INRAE, École Nationale Supérieure de Cognitique, UMR 5805 Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
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[SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems ,[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes ,Aquitaine ,[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology - Abstract
En 2013, une étude de l'ANSES sur la contamination par le mercure (Hg) de la chair des poissons des quatre plus grands lacs aquitains -Hourtin-Carcans (HC), Lacanau (L), Cazaux-Sanguinet (CS) et Parentis-Biscarrosse (PB)- a montré que des concentrations dépassant les recommandations de consommation (0,5 mg Hg.kg-1 poids frais) des poissons carnivores des lacs HC et L ont été observées chez le sandre (Sander Lucioperca). Cette contamination pouvant constituer un risque pour la santé humaine, un arrêté préfectoral a interdit la consommation de sandres péchés dans ces lacs. Par ailleurs, cette première étude a mis en évidence un gradient de contamination nord-sud, les poissons pêchés dans les lacs médocains (HC et L) étant plus contaminés que ceux pêchés dans les lacs landais (CS et PB). Les résultats du projet CLAQH ont confirmé ce gradient décroissant nord-sud dans la chair des poissons carnivores. Les concentrations en mercure atmosphérique mesurées ponctuellement ou accumulées dans les mousses végétales autour des lacs sont caractéristiques d’environnements dits « éloignés et vierges » de toutes sources significatives de contamination. D'autres facteurs pouvant expliquer ce gradient de contamination chez les poissons ont été étudiés, tels que la structure de la chaîne alimentaire et le rôle potentiel des plantes aquatiques dans la méthylation du Hg, la forme méthylée du mercure étant la forme la plus disponible pour les organismes biologiques et la plus toxique. Aucun des facteurs étudiés ne peut expliquer ces différences nord-sud. En revanche, un important gradient décroissant de concentrations en sulfate nord-sud a été mesuré dans les eaux et les sédiments des 4 lacs. L’enrichissement en sulfate des lacs médocains provient des zones agricoles du bassin versant du lac de Hourtin-Carcans. La présence de ces sulfates favorise le développement de bactéries sulfato-réductrices, localisées principalement au niveau du biofilm des plantes aquatiques et du sédiment, responsables de la production de méthylmercure. Cette production accrue de méthylmercure dans les lacs de Hourtin-Carcans et de Lacanau est responsable de la forte accumulation de ce métal dans les poissons carnivores de ces lacs. Cette étude préconise de ne pas consommer les poissons carnivores issus de ces deux lacs pour les personnes les plus vulnérables (femmes enceintes et enfants). Par ailleurs, douze autres éléments traces métalliques ont été analysés dans les muscles des poissons et aucun risque pour la santé et l'environnement n'a été décelé pour les métaux réglementés (Cd, Pb) et non réglementés (Cu, Zn, As, Ni, Co, V, Cr, Se, Ag, Al) par la Commission européenne.
- Published
- 2020
12. Prediction of macrophyte distribution: The role of natural vs anthropogenic physical disturbances
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Jacques Haury, Sylvia Moreira, Didier Alard, Vincent Bertrin, Gwilherm Jan, Cristina Ribaudo, Sébastien Boutry, Ecosystèmes aquatiques et changements globaux (UR EABX), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Étude et compréhension de la biodiversité (ECODIV), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Écologie et santé des écosystèmes (ESE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP), and Réseaux épuration et qualité des eaux (UR REBX)
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0106 biological sciences ,[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes ,Distribution (economics) ,géographical distribution ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,lakeshore macrophyte ,Natural (archaeology) ,natural physical variable ,anthropogenic physical disturbances ,Distribution model ,aquatic plants communities ,Nature and Landscape Conservation ,Ecology ,business.industry ,[SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering ,010604 marine biology & hydrobiology ,15. Life on land ,Isoetids ,Macrophyte ,13. Climate action ,Environmental science ,Aquatic weeds ,[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology ,business - Abstract
International audience; Questions: Do natural and anthropogenic physical disturbances equally affect the distribution of aquatic plants communities? Can hydrodynamic and geomorphological features be used to predict the establishment of macrophyte communities at the shoreline scale?. Locations: The study was carried‐out in two large, shallow lakes in southwestern France, the southern hotspots of isoetid distribution in Europe. Methods: Based on field observations (vegetation occurrence and anthropogenic modifications of the shore) and data generated by a geographical information system (wave exposure, wave‐induced sediment resuspension, slope and land cover), we defined sites and community groups using cluster and indicator species analyses. The groups were then analyzed by means of a statistical classifier (Random Forest). These different steps in data treatment enabled us to characterize the importance of each physical factor in determining macrophytes occurrence and distribution. As a result, a predictive map to forecast aquatic plant distribution at the shoreline scale was obtained. Results: Anthropogenic disturbances were less important parameters thanl variable natural physicas in structuring the distribution of lakeshore macrophytes. Within natural factors, wave‐induced sediment resuspension and slope had the most impact; nevertheless, the presence of swimming areas seemed to have a strong impact on aquatic habitats, being correlated with the total absence of aquatic vegetation. The predictive map obtained through the model spatially defined the position and occurrence of suitable sites for the settlement of both invasive, and rare and endangered species. Conclusions: In this study, natural disturbances play a major role in structuring aquatic plant distribution over physical anthropogenic ones. The model contributes to improving knowledge on plant communities with respect to local hydrodynamic and morphological features of lakeshores. Furthermore, the model provides the production of a predictive map as a useful tool for the management of aquatic vegetation in temperate shallow lakes.
- Published
- 2018
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13. Effects of wind-induced sediment resuspension on distribution and morphological traits of aquatic weeds in shallow lakes
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Greta Ducasse, Vincent Bertrin, Sébastien Boutry, Florent Grigoletto, Cristina Ribaudo, and Gwilherm Jan
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0106 biological sciences ,Exotic invasive hydrophytes ,010501 environmental sciences ,Aquatic Science ,alien plant management ,01 natural sciences ,wind exposure ,Aquatic plant ,Egeria densa ,Sedimentary organic matter ,colonization depth ,lcsh:Physical geography ,lcsh:Environmental sciences ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Water Science and Technology ,Hydrology ,lcsh:GE1-350 ,Biomass (ecology) ,Ecology ,biology ,010604 marine biology & hydrobiology ,lcsh:Geography. Anthropology. Recreation ,Sediment ,Lagarosiphon major ,Vegetation ,sedimentary organic matter ,15. Life on land ,Sedimentation ,biology.organism_classification ,lcsh:G ,biomonitoring ,Environmental science ,lcsh:GB3-5030 - Abstract
The spread of invasive aquatic plants (i.e., aquatic weeds) requires a broader knowledge of the factors determining their settlement at the lake scale, in order to improve management practices and biomonitoring. Among hydrodynamic pressures, wave action might influence submerged vegetation distribution in shallow lakes and potentially engender modifications of plant morphological traits. We here report a field survey conducted between 2014 and 2015 in French Atlantic Lakes to assess the spatial distribution and biomass production of two rooted aquatic weeds, Egeria densa Planch. and Lagarosiphon major (Ridl.) Moss, in relation to wind-induced sediment resuspension, water depth and sedimentary features. Moreover, we explored the relation between plant morphological traits and hydrodynamic disturbance under in situ conditions. At the lake scale, E. densa and L. major formed extensive monospecific stands, and occurred in the same areas only at low biomass. Both monospecific and mixed stands preferentially developed in shallow-sheltered or deep-exposed areas. Plant morphological traits showed different patterns in function of sediment resuspension according to the species and the lake. The influence of resuspension was however not systematic, with many cases where morphological traits were not affected at all. Maximum stem length appeared to be the most correlated trait towards sediment resuspension. Moreover, we found a significant correlation between the biomass and the sedimentary organic matter, indicating an interaction between the organic substrate preference of the plants and the effect of the canopy on fine particles sedimentation. On the whole, we highlighted the link between plant distribution, phenotypic plasticity and sediment resuspension, with calm-water zones favouring the settlement of dense vegetated stands. Our study could thus contribute to improve prediction models for identifying suitable areas for potential colonization by aquatic weeds. Further research is needed to better understand the role played by hydraulic forces in structuring the habitats in shallow lakes.
- Published
- 2017
14. Plant ecology research applied to French shallow lakes (South-West France)
- Author
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Vincent Bertrin, Ribaudo, C., Christophe LAPLACE-TREYTURE, Nicolas Mazzella, Ecosystèmes aquatiques et changements globaux (UR EABX), and Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)
- Subjects
[SDE]Environmental Sciences - Abstract
National audience; Présentation des activités de recherche de l'équipe CARMA d'Irstea (EABX) en écologie végétale appliquées aux lacs du littoral aquitain. L'écologie des végétaux aquatiques et le fonctionnement des lacs aquitains, les communautés algales, l'échantillonnage passif du phosphore et les communautés de macrophytes aquatiques seront présentés.
- Published
- 2017
15. Go to the past for better present understanding: Influence of landscape history on macrophyte diversity
- Author
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Queau, A., Aurélien Jamoneau, Vincent Bertrin, Alain Dutartre, Jan, G., Christophe LAPLACE-TREYTURE, Moreira, S., Ecosystèmes aquatiques et changements globaux (UR EABX), and Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)
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[SDE]Environmental Sciences - Abstract
International audience; L'une des questions essentielle en écologie est de comprendre les mécanismes responsables des patrons d'assemblages des espèces. Pour les milieux terrestres, l'histoire du milieu et de son environnement est reconnu comme ayant un impact majeur sur sa composition biologique (temps de réponse des espèces, caractéristiques physiques du milieu modifié sur le long terme, capacité de colonisation). Cependant, pour les milieux aquatiques, cette thématique n'a que rarement été étudié. A travers l'étude de photographie aériennes anciennes, nous nous sommes intéressés à l'histoire du bassin versant de 8 lacs et étangs du littoral Aquitain. Nous avons ainsi reconstitué l'occupation du sol depuis 1945 jusqu'à la période actuelle et mis en relation ces changements paysagers avec la structure et la composition de la diversité macrophytique actuelle. Sur l’ensemble des bassins versant, les principaux changements paysagers concernent les typologies liés à l'urbanisation et au couvert forestier, se faisant principalement au détriment des prairies. Ces deux principaux changements paysagers sont corrélés à la structure de la diversité (modèles linéaires) et sa composition. Ces résultats suggèrent une influence de l'occupation du sol du bassin versant, à la fois sur la qualité du milieu mais aussi sur les processus gouvernant le fonctionnement des métacommunautés. Ils apportent également de nouvelles perspectives en termes de gestion et de conservation de ces milieux humides.
- Published
- 2016
16. Applied research on plant ecology in French Atlantic Lakes
- Author
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Morin, S., Christophe LAPLACE-TREYTURE, Vincent Bertrin, Sébastien Boutry, Ribaudo, C., Ecosystèmes aquatiques et changements globaux (UR EABX), and Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)
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AQUITAINE ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences - Abstract
International audience; Les travaux de l’équipe CARMA sont centrés sur la connaissance de la structure et du fonctionnement des communautés végétales aquatiques (macrophytes, phytoplancton et phytobenthos), et de leurs réponses aux perturbations en cours d’eau et plans d’eau. Objectifs : -Comprendre le fonctionnement écologique des communautés végétales aquatiques (plans d’eau, cours d’eau), et les déterminants des patrons observés de biodiversité ; -Mesurer la qualité chimique des milieux aquatiques (paramètres majeurs et micropolluants), et ainsi l’exposition in situ des organismes ; -Caractériser les réponses/la vulnérabilité des phytocénoses (état et fonctionnement) face aux différents forçages abiotiques et biotiques, notamment dans le cadre du changement global ; -Produire des outils opérationnels pour le diagnostic de l’état écologique et la gestion des écosystèmes aquatiques (évaluation de l’état initial, restauration).
- Published
- 2015
17. Lake ecosystems, long term dynamics and interactions with human activities
- Author
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Vincent Bertrin, Sébastien Boutry, Alain Dutartre, Christophe LAPLACE-TREYTURE, Ribaudo, C., Ecosystèmes aquatiques et changements globaux (UR EABX), and Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)
- Subjects
AQUITAINE ,[SDE]Environmental Sciences - Abstract
National audience; Présentation de quelques éléments d'analyse de l'évolution des plans d'eau du littoral aquitain vis-à-vis du changement climatique
- Published
- 2015
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