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Introduction: The inelasticity of ceramic bearings might affect primary stability and migration of implants in press-fit total hip arthroplasty (THA). This randomised controlled trial compares migration patterns of the uncemented Delta-TT cup and H-MAX S stem between ceramic and polyethylene liners, up to 5 years follow-up. Methods: Patients receiving primary press-fit THA were randomly allocated to a ceramic (n = 28) or polyethylene (n = 25) liner. Migration was measured using model-based radiostereometric analysis (RSA) at baseline and 1.5, 3, 6, 12, 24 and 60 months postoperatively and compared between groups using mixed models statistical analysis. The focus of this study is on the 2- to 5-year migration of the Delta-TT cup and migration during complete follow-up of the H-MAX S stem up to 5-years. Results: At 5-year follow-up, mean (95% CI) proximal cup translation was 0.56 (0.37–0.74) mm in ceramic and 0.58 (0.25–0.90) mm in polyethylene (p = 0.729). The mean change in adduction was 1.05° (0.27–1.82°) in ceramic and 0.78° (−0.16–1.71°) in polyethylene. Mixed modelling showed that all between-group effects were ⩽0.20 mm for translation and ⩽0.22° for rotation at 5 years postoperatively (p ⩾ 0.23). Mean cup migration between 2 and 5 years was limited (all parameters <0.17 mm and <0.30°). At 5-year follow-up, mean stem subsidence was 2.09 mm (0.89–3.29 mm) in ceramic and 2.55 (0.97–4.12) mm in polyethylene. The mean change in internal rotation was 3.69° (1.98–5.40°) in ceramic and 4.01° (2.20–5.81°) in polyethylene. Most stem migration occurred up to 1.5 months, stabilising afterwards. All between-group effects were ⩽0.75 mm for translations and ⩽1.41° for rotations (p ⩾ 0.26). Conclusions: 5-year migration patterns of press-fit cups and stems were similar between ceramic and polyethylene liners. The Delta-TT cup and H-MAX S stem showed secondary stabilisation and remained stable up to 5 years in both groups, which is promising for long-term survival with both liner types. Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03093038) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Multiple Osteochondromas (MO) is a rare genetic disorder characterised by the presence of numerous benign bone tumours, known as osteochondromas. Within the spectrum of debilitating symptoms associated with MO, pain is recognized as a major problem. Interestingly, our clinical observations suggest that fatigue is also a significant concern but has merely been touched upon in MO literature. This study aims to (1) assess the level of pain and fatigue in adult patients with MO; (2) compare fatigue in MO to healthy subjects and patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA); (3) identify associated variables for pain and fatigue in patients with MO. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 353 adult MO patients completed a survey with validated questionnaires on pain, fatigue and psychosocial factors. Pain and fatigue were assessed with the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), and fatigue was also measured with the Checklist Individual Strength (CIS). Fatigue (CIS) was compared with reference scores of healthy subjects and patients with RA, using a one-sample t-test. Multiple linear regression models for pain and fatigue were developed using a-priori selected independent variables based on a theoretical framework (ICF-model). Results: Pain was reported by 87.8% (NRS = 3.19±2.6) and fatigue by 90.4% (NRS = 4.1±2.6) of patients with MO. Fatigue scores for MO (CIS = 84.1±15.3) were significantly higher (p<0.001) compared to reference scores of healthy subjects and patients with RA. The multivariable analysis for pain provided a final regression model with six variables (R2 = 0.445, p<0.001) of which fear avoidance beliefs and fatigue had the strongest association. For the fatigue models NRS (R2 = 0.455, p<0.001) and CIS (R2 = 0.233, p<0.001), the strongest associations were found with anxiety and depression respectively. Conclusions: Pain and fatigue are highly prevalent in patients with MO. Fatigue is significantly higher compared to healthy subjects and patients with RA. Several variables associated with pain and fatigue have been identified that could help improve multidisciplinary treatment plans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The posterolateral approach (PLA) and direct lateral approach (DLA) are the most commonly used approaches for inserting a hemiarthroplasty in the treatment of femoral neck fractures. A recent review concluded that the routine use of PLA should be questioned, but this conclusion itself can be questioned. The aim of this study is to provide an updated overview and critical appraisal of the available evidence, focussing on outcomes most relevant for patients. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search of literature in the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases and Cochrane Library. Studies (till June 2018) to identify hip fracture clinical trials/comparative studies comparing alternative surgical approaches (PLA and DLA). We explored sources of heterogeneity and conducted pooled analyses when appropriate. Results: 264 potentially eligible studies were identified of which 1 RCT, 3 prospective, 3 registry data and 5 retrospective studies were included. The RCT consisted performance and attrition bias. The mean MINORS score of the prospective/register studies was 17.3 (SD 3.5) and 13.8 (SD 1.9) of the 5 retrospective studies. The GRADE score for all the outcomes was very low. Due to the high and various types of biases across the included studies, we did not pool the data. None of studies assessed the activities of daily living functionality. 6 studies reported significantly more dislocations or reoperations due to dislocation in the PLA group, 6 other studies found no differences. DLA patients were more likely to develop abductor insufficiency leading to limping and more need for walking aids. The PLA patients tended to have better quality of life, less pain and more satisfaction compared to the DLA patients. Conclusion: Based on low-quality studies, PLA may be associated with more dislocations, but patients had less walking problems and a lower tendency to abductor insufficiency compared with DLA. Further clinical trials with methodology rigor are needed to determine which approach is more effective in terms of outcomes relevant to patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To examine whether physical therapy (PT) is cost-effective compared with arthroscopic partial meniscectomy (APM) in patients with a non-obstructive meniscal tear, we performed a full trial-based economic evaluation from a societal perspective. In a secondary analysis-this paper-we examined whether PT is non-inferior to APM.Methods: We recruited patients aged 45-70 years with a non-obstructive meniscal tear in nine Dutch hospitals. Resource use was measured using web-based questionnaires. Measures of effectiveness included knee function using the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs). Follow-up was 24 months. Uncertainty was assessed using bootstrapping techniques. The non-inferiority margins for societal costs, the IKDC and QALYs, were €670, 8 points and 0.057 points, respectively.Results: We randomly assigned 321 patients to PT (n=162) or APM (n=159). PT was associated with significantly lower costs after 24 months compared with APM (-€1803; 95% CI -€3008 to -€838). The probability of PT being cost-effective compared with APM was 1.00 at a willingness to pay of €0/unit of effect for the IKDC (knee function) and QALYs (quality of life) and decreased with increasing values of willingness to pay. The probability that PT is non-inferior to APM was 0.97 for all non-inferiority margins for the IKDC and 0.89 for QALYs.Conclusions: The probability of PT being cost-effective compared with APM was relatively high at reasonable values of willingness to pay for the IKDC and QALYs. Also, PT had a relatively high probability of being non-inferior to APM for both outcomes. This warrants further deimplementation of APM in patients with non-obstructive meniscal tears.Trial Registration Numbers: NCT01850719 and NTR3908. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Abnormalities in the elbow range of motion (ROM) can be subtle; therefore, it is important that the examiner can compare findings with reliable reference values, matching the patients' characteristics. Primarily, we aimed to provide normative values for the elbow ROM in subpopulations based on age, sex, dominance and body mass index (BMI). The secondary objective was to determine intra- and inter-rater reliability. Methods: aROM (active range of motion) and pROM (passive range of motion) were measured bilaterally in healthy adults using a universal goniometer. The influence of factors affecting the ROM was calculated using Pearson's correlation coefficient. In two samples of subjects, intra-rater and inter-rater reliability were determined. Results: The study population (n = 352) consisted of 47.2% male and 52.8% female subjects. For aROM (dominant hand), mean flexion was 146°, extension –2°, pronation 80° and supination 87°. Male subjects had smaller ROM compared to females (p < 0.001). Differences between dominant and nondominant hand were less than one degree. pROMs were 3° to 5° larger than aROMs (p < 0.001). Intra- and inter-rater reliability was good. Conclusions: Elbow ROM is influenced by age, sex and BMI. In the general population, the ROM of the uninjured side can serve as a reference in case of an injured elbow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]