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As a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor (TRAF) family, TRAF5 acts as a crucial adaptor molecule and plays important roles in the host innate immune responses. In the present study, the typical form and a splicing variant of TRAF5, termed Lc-TRAF5_tv1 and Lc-TRAF5_tv2 were characterized in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea). The putative Lc -TRAF5_tv1 protein is constituted of 577 aa, contains a RING finger domain, two zinc finger domains, a coiled-coil domain, and a MATH domain, whereas Lc -TRAF5_tv2 protein is constituted of 236 aa and only contains a RING finger domain due to a premature stop resulted from the intron retention. Subcellular localization analysis revealed that both of Lc -TRAF5_tv1 and Lc -TRAF5_tv2 were localized in the cytoplasm, with Lc -TRAF5_tv2 found to aggregate around the nucleus. It was revealed that Lc-TRAF5_tv1 mRNA was broadly expressed in examined organs/tissues and showed extremely higher level than that of Lc-TRAF5_tv2 , and both of them could be up-regulated under poly I:C, LPS, PGN, and Pseudomonas plecoglossicida stimulations in vivo. Interestingly, overexpression of Lc -TRAF5_tv1 and Lc -TRAF5_tv2 could significantly induce NF-κB but not IFN1 activation, whereas co-expression of them remarkably induced IFN1 activation but impaired NF-κB activation. In addition, both Lc -TRAF5_tv1 and Lc -TRAF5_tv2 were associated with TRAF3 and RIP1 in IFN1 activation, whereas only Lc -TRAF5_tv1 cooperated with TRAF3 and RIP1 in NF-κB activation. These results collectively indicated that the splicing variant together with the typical form of TRAF5 function importantly in the regulation of host immune signaling in teleosts. • A novel TRAF5 splicing variant Lc -TRAF5_tv2 was characterized in vertebrates. • Lc-TRAF5_tv1 and Lc-TRAF5_tv2 can be induced by both viral and bacterial PAMPs. • Lc -TRAF5_tv2 cooperates with Lc -TRAF5_tv1 in type I IFN activation. • Lc -TRAF5_tv1 associates with TRAF3 and RIP1 in NF-κB and type I IFN activation. • Lc -TRAF5_tv2 associates with TRAF3 and RIP1 in type I IFN activation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Available evidence suggests the involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the pathological process of several diseases. Nonetheless, molecular mechanism underlying biological effects of miRNAs such as pacemaker exosome-derived miR-127-5p in embryonic-like stem cells (ESCs) differentiation into pacemaker cell is yet to be clarified. Through real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) or western blotting (WB) techniques, levels of miRNAs, miR-127-5p, and NKx2.5 expressions were quantitatively measured. Cellular differentiation (CD) was probed with flow cytometric (FC) and WB techniques. Prediction of miR-127-5p association with NKx2.5 was studied through bioinformatics tools before verification with luciferase assays. Promotion of ESCs differentiation to pacemaker through miR-127-5p was measured with qPCR and WB techniques. Through the same assaying methods, up-regulation of pace-making genes (Shox2, HCN4, Cx45, Tbx3 and Tbx18) expression was observed in Nkx2.5 knockdown group. However, Nkx2.5 expression was down-regulated during differentiation of pacemaker-like cells into ESCs. Furthermore, techniques (such as qPCR, WB, immunofluorescent staining and FC) were employed to demonstrate that overexpressed miR-127-5p could suppress NKx2.5 expression. Through NKx2.5 targeting, ESCs could be differentiated into pacemaker-like cells with miR-127-5p possibly serving as a crucial positive regulator. On the account of our findings, further researches are needed to unearth the possible underlying mechanism and role of exosome-derived miRNAs in cell signaling. • MiR-127-5p could act as a significant positive regulator in ESCs differentiated into pacemaker-like cells by targeting NKx2.5. • NKx2.5 expression was down-regulated during differentiation of pacemaker-like cells into ESCs. • This work is the first to describe the role of miR-127-5p in the regulation of NKx2.5 expression in cardiac development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, many weakly supervised video anomaly detection (WS-VAD) methods focus on generating reasonable pseudo-labels for frames by using video-level annotations. To achieve this goal, some existing label-noise cleaning techniques and pseudo-label generators are used by them, but their performance is limited. The main reason is that the useful prior knowledge, i.e., the graduality of anomaly events, is ignored. Here, we propose a Self-Training Framework, which assumes flexible soft boundaries between abnormal and normal clips. The framework consists of: (1) A prior knowledge guided pseudo-label generator that incorporates prior knowledge of video segment distributions into the MIL framework to generate high-confidence pseudo labels; (2) An improved self-guided attention encoder is developed to capture multiscale long-term spatiotemporal features, where dependencies among anomaly frames are preserved. Moreover, a pseudo-label based self-training scheme is adopted to supervise the encoder. Experimental results verify the superiority of our method over baseline approaches. • By taking the graduality of the anomaly events into account to generate pseudo labels. • Using one-dimensional median filter to constrain the anomaly scores of negative bags. • The network focuses on the most abnormal parts of the frame by the attention module. • The self-guided branch can capture the dependencies between video frames. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lactobacillus delbrueckii is widely used in the fermentation industry. Previously, we identified Lactobacillus delbrueckii DMLD-H1, a strain of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus , from traditional Chinese fermented milk. In this research, we sequenced the complete genome of DMLD-H1, which contains 1,836,627 bp in length with a total of 1947 genes and an average G + C content of 49.86%. In total, 103 carbohydrate metabolism genes are annotated in the KEGG database, and it is showed that DMLD-H1 has the ability to transport lactose, glucose, fructose, and mannose. Antibiotic resistance genes, genes encoding toxins and virulence factor genes are absent in risk-associated sequences of DMLD-H1. We also confirm its safety by indole assay, nitroreductase assay, and antibiotic resistance tests. A wide range of stress-related proteins may contribute to the survival of DMLD-H1 in the gastrointestinal environment, including oxidative stress, pH, bile salts, and temperature stress. The large number of adhesion proteins and stress response genes identified in DMLD-H1 in the genome-wide analysis, as well as phenotypic experiments including resistance to bile salts and acid, antioxidant, antimicrobial and self-cohesion activity, exhibited its excellent probiotic properties. This study demonstrates that DMLD-H1 can be a candidate fermentative agent in fermented dairy products. [Display omitted] • The entire genome of Lactobacillus delbrueckii DMLD-H1 was firstly sequenced. • The carbohydrate metabolic pathway is revealed in DMLD-H1. • The safety and probiotic properties of DMLD-H1 are described by genome analysis. • DMLD-H1 has a gene cluster for the generation of enterolysin A. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The Selaginella mitogenomes have complicated network structures and unprecedented high GC content. • Mitogenome-based phylogenomics provides insights into the positions of two controversial groups of Selaginella. Spikemoss (Selaginellaceae) is one of the basal lineages of vascular plants. This family has a single genus Selaginella which consists of about 750 extant species. The phylogeny of Selaginellaceae has been extensively studied mainly based on plastid DNA and a few nuclear sequences. However, the placement of the enigmatic sinensis group is a long-term controversy because of the long branch in the plastid DNA phylogeny. The sanguinolenta group is also a phylogenetically problematic clade owing to two alternative positions resulted from different datasets. Here, we newly sequenced 34 mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) of individuals representing all seven subgenera and major clades in Selaginellaceae. We assembled the draft mitogenomes and annotated the genes and performed phylogenetic analyses based on the shared 17 mitochondrial genes. Our major results include: (1) all the assembled mitogenomes have complicated structures, unparalleled high GC content and a small gene content set, and the positive correlations among GC content, substitution rates and the number of RNA editing sites hold; (2) the sinensis group was well supported as a member of subg. Stachygynandrum ; (3) the sanguinolenta group was strongly resolved as sister to all other Selaginella species except for subg. Selaginella. This study demonstrates the potential of mitogenome data in providing novel insights into phylogenetically recalcitrant problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] Metal sulfides (MSs) have attracted much attention as anode materials for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) due to their high sodium storage capacity. However, the unsatisfactory electrochemical performance induced by the huge volume change and sluggish kinetics hampered the practical application of SIBs. Herein, guided by the heterostructure interface engineering, novel multicomponent metal sulfide-based anodes, including SnS, FeS, and Fe 3 N embedded in N -doped carbon nanosheets (SnS/FeS/Fe 3 N/NC NSs), have been synthesized for high-performance SIBs. The as-prepared SnS/FeS/Fe 3 N/NC NSs with abundant heterointerfaces and high conductivity of N -doped carbon nanosheet matrix can shorten the Na+ diffusion path and promote reaction kinetics during the sodiation/desodiation process. Moreover, the presence of Fe 3 N can promote the reversible conversion of SnS and FeS during the cycling process. As a consequence, when evaluated as anode materials for SIBs, the SnS/FeS/Fe 3 N/NC NSs can maintain a high sodium storage capacity of 473.6 mAh g-1 after 600 cycles at 2.0 A g-1 and can still provide a high reversible capacity of 537.4 mAh g-1 even at 5.0 A g-1 This discovery offers a novel strategy for constructing metal sulfide-based anode materials for high-performance SIBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Deposition, distribution and metabolism of chlorothalonil in cabbage under various application environments were elucidated. • Chlorothalonil underwent reductive dechlorination metabolism in cabbage. • Long-term or short-term dietary exposure to the first layer of cabbage leaves pose human health risks. Chlorothalonil is a fungicide commonly used to prevent and control leafy vegetable diseases. The residual distribution of chlorothalonil on cabbage is unclear and rarely reported. The spatiotemporal distribution of chlorothalonil was used to understand its environmental behavior in cabbage. The results of open-field experiments demonstrated that chlorothalonil was distributed primarily on the second and third layers of rosette leaves and the first layer of bulb leaves. The chlorothalonil residues on cabbage followed the order of winter > fall > summer, and heading stage > rosette stage > seedling stage. Chlorothalonil on cabbage underwent −OH substitution forming 4-hydroxychlorothalonil, and reductive dechlorination forming 2,4,5-trichloro-1,3-isophthalonitrile, 2,5-dichloro-1,3-isophthalonitrile, and 5-chloro-1,3-isophthalonitrile. The residues of chlorothalonil in the outermost leaves of cabbage bulb pose an unacceptable risk to human health via dietary exposure. This study contributes to better understanding on the fate and transformation chlorothalonil in cabbage and potential risks to human health via dietary consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] As a renewable green energy, hydrogen has received widespread attention due to its huge potential in solving energy shortages and environment pollution. In this paper, a one-step solvothermal method was applied to grow ultra-thin g-C 3 N 4 (UCN) nanosheets and NiS nanoparticles on the surface of ZnIn 2 S 4 (ZIS). A ternary NiS/ZnIn 2 S 4 /ultra-thin-g-C 3 N 4 composite material with dual high-speed charge transfer channels was constructed for the advancement of the photocatalytic H 2 generation. The optimal ternary catalyst 1.5wt.%NiS/ZnIn 2 S 4 /ultra-thin-g-C 3 N 4 (NiS/ZIS/UCN) achieved a H 2 evolution yield reached to 5.02 mmolg−1h−1, which was 5.23 times superior than that of pristine ZnIn 2 S 4 (0.96 mmolg−1h−1) and even outperform than that of the best precious metal modified 3.0 wt%Pt/ZnIn 2 S 4 (4.08 mmolg−1h−1). The AQY at 420 nm could be achieved as high as 30.5%. The increased photocatalytic performance of NiS/ZIS/UCN could be ascribed to the type-I heterojunctions between intimated ZIS and UCN. In addition, NiS co-catalyst with large quantity of H 2 evolution sites, could result in efficient photo-induced charges separation and migration. Furthermore, the NiS/ZIS/UCN composite exhibited excellent H 2 evolution stability and recyclability. This work would also offer a reference for the design and synthesis of ternary co-catalyst with heterojunction composite for green energy conversion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ZnIn 2 S 4 @CdS photocatalyst with tuned catalytic sites promotes selective benzyl alcohol oxidation on the ZnIn 2 S 4 surface and H 2 evolution on the CdS surface. [Display omitted] Photocatalytic selective oxidation of alcohols into aldehydes and H 2 is a green strategy for obtaining both value-added chemicals and clean energy. Herein, a dual-purpose ZnIn 2 S 4 @CdS photocatalyst was designed and constructed for efficient catalyzing benzyl alcohol (BA) into benzaldehyde (BAD) with coupled H 2 evolution. To address the deep-rooted problems of pure CdS, such as high recombination of photogenerated carriers and severe photo-corrosion, while also preserving its superiority in H 2 production, ZnIn 2 S 4 with a suitable band structure and adequate oxidizing capability was chosen to match CdS by constructing a coupled reaction. As designed, the photoexcited holes (electrons) in the CdS (ZnIn 2 S 4) were spatially separated and transferred to the ZnIn 2 S 4 (CdS) by electrostatic pull from the built-in electric field, leading to expected BAD production (12.1 mmol g−1 h−1) at the ZnIn 2 S 4 site and H 2 generation (12.2 mmol g−1 h−1) at the CdS site. This composite photocatalyst also exhibited high photostability due to the reasonable hole transfer from CdS to ZnIn 2 S 4. The experimental results suggest that the photocatalytic transform of BA into BAD on ZnIn 2 S 4 @CdS is via a carbon-centered radical mechanism. This work may extend the design of advanced photocatalysts for more chemicals by replacing H 2 evolution with N 2 fixation or CO 2 reduction in the coupled reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) have caused significant research attention due to their low redox potential of 0.76 V, high theoretical capacity of 820 mAh g−1. However, the dendrite growth of zinc anode and the side reactions caused by water seriously affect the cycle life of AZIBs. To solve the above problems, a new method of etching zinc anodes with CuCl 2 salt solution was designed, which the zinc anode was named CZn. The process resulted to a uniformly distributed micro gully morphology on the zinc surface, and providing an increased number of nucleation sites for zinc deposition and reducing local current density. The calculation results of exchange current density and activation energy show that CZn has stronger Zn/Zn2+ kinetic effect. At a current density of 5 mA cm−2 and an area capacity of 5 mAh cm−2, cycle life of the CZn symmetrical cell can reach 500 h, which is more than seven times that of the raw Zn symmetrical cell. This work proposes a simple method of zinc anode protection, which provides a new idea for zinc metal anode protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The frequency estimation of multi-tone exponential signals plays important roles in vast applications. However, mutual spectral interference among tones (especially for cases of densely distributed tones) severely deteriorates the estimation accuracy. To address this problem, we propose a progressive spectral leakage shrinking-based multi-tone estimator derived from a range-controlled single-tone estimator. Based on deducing an interpolator with controllable range flexibility, our proposed iterative single-tone estimator acquires high accuracy via frequency shift and compensation operations, highlighting the effect of shrinking spectral leakage. Furthermore, in the multi-tone estimator design, it is necessary to construct two types of residual signals iteratively (i.e., descending residual and exclusive residual), which are fed into our proposed range-controlled single-tone estimator to output the frequency estimates. Both the residual construction and the callback of the single-tone estimator facilitate the progressive spectral leakage shrinking as the iteration proceeds, which together entitles our multi-tone estimator with the characteristic of automatically suppressing mutual spectral interference without any prior information. The numerical results demonstrate that the proposed multi-tone estimator overall outperforms the existing estimators in accuracy, suppressing mutual spectral interference and robustness in dense spectrum recognition, etc., presenting the proposed multi-tone estimator with vast potential in future applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It's still a challenge to design reasonably efficient catalyst using non-noble metal for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). In this paper, we use a simple one-step electrodeposition method to load Ce and S co-doped NiFe amorphous alloys onto Cu(OH) 2 nanorod arrays. The excellent oxygen electrocatalytic performance of the catalyst NiFeCeS/Cu(OH) 2 /CuF is attributed to the electronic environments of the active sites of Ni and Fe regulated by heteroatomic sulfur and cerium, which promote the transfer of the oxygen precipitation intermediates to the higher valence states. Meanwhile, the highly conductive substrate accelerates the electron transfer efficiency of the catalyst material, and the loose nanostructure increases the specific surface area, exposing more active sites. NiFeCeS/Cu(OH) 2 /CuF shows outsanding electrocatalytic activity for oxygen evolution with a low overpotential of 227 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 in alkaline medium. Moreover, the nanocomposite catalyst also exhibits rapid reaction kinetics and long-term stability and durability. In this work, an efficient oxygen precipitation catalyst is reported, which indicates that non-precious metal-based electrocatalysts have great potential for application in water electrolysis and provides a basis for the rational design and synthesis of nanorod array catalysts with unique structures. Using a simple one-step electrodeposition method to load Ce and S co-doped NiFe amorphous alloys onto Cu(OH) 2 nanorod arrays. NiFeCeS/Cu(OH) 2 /CuF shows outsanding electrocatalytic activity for oxygen evolution with a low overpotential of 227 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm−2 in alkaline medium. [Display omitted] • Co-doping of Ce and S improved the intrinsic activity of NiFe catalysts. • Cu(OH) 2 nanorods increase the number of active sites in catalysts. • The one-step co-deposition technique is simple, efficient and repeatable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Potato protein (PP) was modified with laccase or tyrosinase to obtain covalent cross-linking structures, and then the blends of native/enzyme-treated protein and potato starch (PS) with different ratios were prepared. The FT-IR results suggested the interactions between protein and starch strengthened after enzyme treatment. The relative crystalline raised to 26–29% after the protein mixing with starch. The thermal degradation temperatures of the blends of enzyme-treated protein and PS (296.71–312.91 °C) were apparently lower than that of the blends of PP:PS (312.31–312.76 °C). Compared to the blends of PP:PS, the peak viscosity, trough viscosity and final viscosity of the blends of enzyme-treated protein and PS decreased by 12.7–41.1%. The blends of enzyme-treated protein and PS had a lower storage modulus than native blends. The outcome would provide a view on the theoretical basis of interactions between protein and starch in exploring favorable potato staple foods. •Covalent cross-linking structure in potato protein was formed by enzyme treatment. •The native/enzyme-treated protein was blended with potato starch with different ratios. •The blends of enzyme-treated protein and starch had lower thermostability. •The blends of enzyme-treated protein and starch had lower paste viscosity. •The blends of enzyme-treated protein and starch had lower storage and loss moduli. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For indoor close-range high-accuracy attitude measurement using inertial and vision sensors, the major challenge is to achieve a reliable attitude in various scenarios, specifically in the absence of vision information. To address this challenge, we present a fusion strategy for reliable attitude measurement using a micro electro mechanical system (MEMS) gyroscope and camera, particularly during discontinuous vision observations. The proposed algorithm consecutively executes update and prediction modes. In the update mode, when both inertial and visual data are available, the complete Kalman Filter (KF) conducts the entire filtering process and updates residual and state errors. In the absence of visual data, the partial KF operates only when the time update and filtering state vectors are compensated by the transfer residual, which is estimated through self-propagating state error. The parameters of least-squares support vector machine (LSSVM-NARX) continuously update until the next discontinuous vision observation occurs, with the desired outputs and inner inputs being the error angles and the exogenous inputs being the gyroscope values and time. In the prediction mode, without visual data, LSSVM-NARX can provide estimated angle errors between the complete and partial KFs, which are used to eliminate errors from partial KF output vectors to obtain a reliable and accurate attitude solution. Comparisons and extensive semi-physical simulation experiments under various motion trajectories were performed to validate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed scheme in an accurate and reliable attitude measurement capability associated with discontinuous observations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pathogens commonly enter mucosal barrier tissues and tissue-resident memory T cells (T RM) are essential for preventing mucosal lesions. However, the immunological properties of T RM cells in nasal mucosa are poorly known. In comparison with control tissues, decreasing CD103+ T RM cells were observed in Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNPs) and sinonasal inverted papilloma (SNIP), which presented high capability to produce effector cytokines. In CRSwNPs, we found that CD103+ T RM cells with higher cytokine and Granzyme B coexpressed high PD-1, CD103− T RM cells expressed higher IL-10. Homogenates isolated from CRSwNPs induced CD103 expression on peripheral T cells which could be inhibited by blocking TGF-β. The frequencies of CD103+ T RM cells in CRSwNPs were extremely negatively correlated with neutrophil infiltration. CD103+ T RM cells from Staphylococcus aureus positive CRSwNPs had a stronger response to SEB. Taken together, two phenotypically and functionally distinct subsets of T RM cells exist in nasal tissues and play critical roles in the progress of CRSwNPs and SNIPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coal mining usually brought polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contamination. Relationships between the concentration of PAHs, bacterial communities and soil environmental factors were important for bioremediation of PAHs in soil. Total 4 kinds of soil samples with different concentrations of PAHs were selected from 7 typical coal gangue（CG） sites in Huainan, Anhui Province. The relationships between microorganisms, dissolved organic matter (DOM) composition and PAHs concentration were systematically analyzed in this work. Total 11 kinds of PAHs were enriched in the soil surface layer. That was attributed to the strong binding of soil organic matter (SOM) to PAHs. PAHs contamination reduced the diversity of soil microbial. The abundance of PAHs-degrading genera such as Arthrobacter decreased with the increasing concentration of PAHs. Mycobacterium increased with the increasing concentration of PAHs in all samples. The microbial activities decreased with increasing concentration of PAHs. The increasing contents of LWM-PAHs and DOM were beneficial to improve the activities of soil microbial. The increasing DOM aromaticity was beneficial to improve the bioavailability of PAHs according to the correlation analysis between PAHs content and DOM structural parameters. The obtained results provide a basis for better understanding the contamination characteristics and microbial communities of coal gangue PAH-contaminated sites. [Display omitted] • The PAHs enriched in the soil surface in coal mining areas. • HMW-PAHs contamination inhibited the microbial activities in soil. • Increasing LWM-PAHs and DOM content might be beneficial for enhancing microbial activities. • PAHs contamination enhanced humification and aromaticity of SOM. • High humification and aromaticity of DOM promoted PAHs degradation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The soil environment is a critical component of the global ecosystem and is essential for nutrient cycling and energy flow. Various physical, chemical, and biological processes occur in the soil and are affected by environmental factors. Soil is vulnerable to pollutants, especially emerging pollutants, such as microplastics (MPs). MPs pollution has become a significant environmental problem, and its harm to human health and the environment cannot be underestimated. However, most studies on MPs pollution have focused on marine ecosystems, estuaries, lakes, rivers, and other aquatic environments, whereas few considered the effects and hazards of MPs pollution of the soil, especially the responses of different environmental factors to MPs. In addition, when many MPs pollutants produced by agricultural activities (mulching film, organic fertilizer) and atmospheric sedimentation enter the soil environment, it will cause changes in soil pH, organic matter composition, microbial community, enzyme activity, animals and plants and other environmental factors. However, due to the complex and changeable soil environment, the heterogeneity is very strong. The changes of environmental factors may react on the migration, transformation and degradation of MPs, and there are synergistic or antagonistic interactions among different factors. Therefore, it is very important to analyze the specific effects of MPs pollution on soil properties to clarify the environmental behavior and effects of MPs. This review focuses on the source, formation, and influencing factors of MPs pollution in soil and summarizes its effect and influence degree on various soil environmental factors. The results provide research suggestions and theoretical support for preventing or controlling MPs soil pollution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A genome-based systematic analysis combined with phenotypic experiments was conducted to evaluate the safety properties and metabolic characteristics of Streptococcus thermophilus DMST-H2, isolated from Chinese traditional homemade yogurt in Inner Mongolia. Comparative genomic analysis showed that DMST-H2 had a closer genetic relationship with S. thermophilus KLDS.3.1003 based on the sequence similarities of the 1193 core-genes. No genes related to antibiotic resistance and virulence factor as well as no complete biogenic amine biosynthesis gene clusters were identified in DMST-H2 genome. DMST-H2 was sensitive to various antibiotics and had no hemolytic activity and no biogenic amine production capacity, confirming that DMST-H2 is safe and non-toxic. In addition, multiple genes for carbohydrate metabolism were predicted, including various carbohydrate-active enzymes and sugar transporters that could be involved in the transport of multiple carbon sources. Two exopolysaccharide (EPS) gene clusters (eps-1 and rgp-2) were also detected, indicating that DMST-H2 has the potential to synthesize heteropolysaccharides. Gene functional features revealed a cyclic antimicrobial peptide related gene cluster in DMST-H2, which displayed high identities with the streptide biosynthesis gene cluster as previously reported. Our comprehensive analysis of the whole genome and corresponding phenotypes of S. thermophilus DMST-H2 provides important theoretical basis for its application in food products. • Comparative genomic analysis of S. thermophilus DMST-H2 was displayed. • Systematic analysis of its safety and metabolism characteristics based on phenotype and genotype. • Two exopolysaccharide (EPS) gene clusters were found in the genome of S. thermophilus DMST-H2. • Carbohydrate metabolism pathways were predicted in the genome of S. thermophilus DMST-H2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lactobacillus gasseri is a kind of facultative anaerobic lactic acid bacterium, and has been defined as GRAS microorganism by the US Food and Drug Administration. We reported the whole genome sequence of L. gasseri LGZ1029. The complete genome of L. gasseri LGZ1029 was 2,027,325 bp encoding 2005 genes with an average G + C content of 35.06%. Based on the analysis of genes involved in antibiotic resistance, virulence factor, and production of harmful metabolites, we have speculated that L. gasseri LGZ1029 is safe. By genome mining tool, a complete plnABCD operon was present in the genome of L. gasseri LGZ1029, indicating that it has the potential to generate antimicrobial bacteriocin. Stress-related genes speculated that L. gasseri LGZ1029 had good gastrointestinal tolerance, bacteriostatic ability, and antioxidant activity with excellent probiotic characteristics, indicating that it can be a probiotic candidate with great potential. • Complete genome of L. gasseri LGZ1029 was firstly sequenced. • The safety and probiotic properties of L. gasseri LGZ1029 were evaluated by genome analysis. • A complete plnABCD operon was found in the genome of L. gasseri LGZ1029. • Stress response genes were identified in the genome of L. gasseri LGZ1029. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A large bandwidth optical fiber magnetic field sensor based on Sagnac interferometer for weak alternating magnetic fields measurement is proposed. • The sensing mechanism of this magnetic field sensor under an alternating magnetic field is theoretically derived and simulated. • The experimental system is built to verify the simulation results, and the magnetic field sensitivity is optimized by increasing the length of the delayed fiber ring. • The magnetic field sensor performances, such as frequency response, linear range, and noise, are analyzed theoretically and demonstrated experimentally. In this paper, a fiber magnetic field sensor is proposed based on Terfenol-D and Sagnac interferometer. The mechanism of the sensor is deduced theoretically. As the frequency of the magnetic field increases, on the one hand, the sensitivity is enhanced because the response to the high-frequency non-reciprocal phase differences is intensified in the Sagnac interferometer. On the other hand, the sensitivity is suppressed by the eddy current effect. Then it exhibits significant linear response to alternating magnetic field in a certain frequency range. The sensor performances, such as frequency response, linear range, and noise, are analyzed theoretically and demonstrated experimentally. Experimental results show that the sensor has a 3 dB bandwidth from 100 Hz to 2500 Hz, and the excellent linearity and reversibility from 0 to 274.05 μT (rms). The high sensitivity of 1.34 mV/μT (rms) and minimum detectable magnetic field of 25 nT/√Hz (rms) are achieved at 500 Hz. The sensor with large bandwidth and wide measuring range is suitable for detecting weak alternating magnetic field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The differences in the suppression mechanisms of radial and axial magnetic errors in the PMFOG with orthogonal polarization states are analyzed theoretically, and the corresponding experimental verifications are carried out, which the suppression effect of the radial and axial magnetic errors could be achieved 10.07 dB and 2.9 dB, respectively. • The Poincare sphere model of the evolution process of the polarization state in the PMFC is established, which intuitively reflects the radial magnetic error can be effectively suppressed in the system. • The influence of different polarization state on magnetic error were compared and analyzed under the different magnetic field, and the radial and axial magnetic error achieved a different degree of suppression effect by utilizing orthogonal polarization states respectively. In this paper, a polarization-maintaining fiber optical gyro (PMFOG) based on orthogonal polarization states is constructed. The clockwise light and counterclockwise light in the PMFOG pass through the same fiber coil with X/Y polarization and Y/X polarization respectively. Theory and experiments have shown that this system not only doubles the sensitivity of the PMFOG at the same length, but also suppresses the magnetic error obviously compared with the single-polarization PMFOG. The Poincare sphere model is established in the PMFOG with orthogonal polarization states under the radial magnetic field, which intuitively shows that magnetic error is opposite in the orthogonal polarization state, and can offset through each other. The radial magnetic error is suppressed from 0.112°/h/Gs to 0.011°/h/Gs, and the suppression reaches 10.07 dB. Meanwhile, the axial magnetic error is suppressed from 0.183°/h/Gs to 0.092°/h/Gs, achieving a suppression effect of 2.9 dB. The results of this research are of great significance to the miniaturization, the improvement of signal-to-noise ratio, and the optimization of environmental adaptability in fiber optic gyroscope. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The mechanism of nonreciprocal errors under the magnetic field-variable temperature field is proposed. • Based on dual-polarization interferometric fiber optic gyroscope (IFOG). • The nonreciprocal errors under the magnetic field, variable temperature field and magnetic field-variable temperature field are compared. A dual-polarization fiber optic gyroscope system is built to systematically analyze the nonreciprocal errors of the system under the magnetic field-variable temperature field. Under the magnetic field-variable temperature field, the nonreciprocal errors are caused by magnetic-thermal coupling birefringence nonreciprocal error, linear birefringence nonreciprocal error and Shupe effect error. The nonreciprocal errors of dual-polarization fiber optic gyroscope system are related to temperature and temperature gradient. In X and Y polarization states, the signs of magnetic-thermal coupling birefringence nonreciprocal error and linear birefringence nonreciprocal error are opposite, and these two errors can be suppressed in the dual-polarization system. But the Shupe effect errors are the same in X and Y polarization states, which can not be suppressed in the dual-polarization system. The experimental results are consistent with the theoretical analysis, which verifies the correctness of the nonreciprocal error model under the magnetic field-variable temperature field. The research results provide a theoretical and experimental basis for the study of the environmental adaptability of the fiber optic gyroscope and other common-path fiber sensing systems based on dual-polarization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • IGC was used to measure the γ 12 ∞ and χ 12 ∞ of 32 solvents in deep eutectic solvent: Choline Chloride + 1,5-Pentanediol. • The Hildebrand solubility parameters of the DES were calculated at 303.15–343.15 K. • The selectivity and capacity were calculated by γ 12 ∞ data for three separation problems (n -hexane/benzene, benzene/methanol, benzene/thiophene). A series of thermodynamic parameters related to choline chloride + 1,5-pentanediol deep eutectic solvent were studied through inverse gas chromatography at 303.15–343.15 K. The infinite dilution activity coefficient (γ 12 ∞) was used to predict the solute separation ability and the intermolecular interaction strength of DES. The interaction between molecules was further described by partial molar excess properties (Δ H 1 E , ∞ , T Δ S 1 E , ∞ , Δ G 1 E , ∞ ). The value of γ 12 ∞ was also used to compute the separation parameters for common separation problems benzene (1)/methanol (2), n-hexane (1)/benzene (2) and benzene (1)/thiophene (2). The miscibility of organic solutes and DES was evaluated using the Flory–Huggins interaction parameter, and the result showed alcohols were good solvents for the DES. Moreover, the Hildebrand solubility parameters (Î́ 2) of the DES were calculated, and the result revealed that the value showed a downward trend with the increase of temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three novel highly symmetrical metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), C 30 H 40 Fe 6 LnN 6 Na 2 O 44 P 6 (Ln ​= ​La, Ce and Pr, namely FLaN-MOF, FCeN-MOF, FPrN-MOF, respectively), that contain d- and f- orbital elements were designed and successfully synthesized via a facile ionothermal method. The three-dimensional structures of MOFs that were fabricated by pmida ligands directly connecting with iron, sodium and lanthanide metals were revealed by X-ray single crystal diffractometer (SXRD) and powder X-ray diffractometer (PXRD). The MOFs were used as the electrode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and FLaN-MOF exhibits a reversible capacity of 337 mAh/g after 100 cycles at 100 ​mA/g. The electrochemical measurements demonstrate a synergetic mechanism that combines a redox-dominated process at low rates and a capacitance behavior under high current densities. Three novel highly symmetrical metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), C 30 H 40 Fe 6 LnN 6 Na 2 O 44 P 6 (Ln ​= ​La, Ce and Pr, namely FLaN-MOF, FCeN-MOF, FPrN-MOF, respectively), that contain d- and f- orbital elements were designed and successfully synthesized via a facile ionothermal method. The MOFs were used as the electrode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and FLaN-MOF exhibits a reversible capacity of 337 mAh/g after 100 cycles at 100 ​mA/g. [Display omitted] • Three new lanthanide-based MOFs were prepared via ionothermal method. • The new MOFs were formed by the rare earth-iron-sodium three different metals and the structures were elucidated in details. • In electrochemical test, FLaN-MOF showed good electrochemical performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• MEMS-INS, GPS and polarization compass are integrated together for navigation. • A multi-rate algorithm is proposed to solve the problem caused by different sampling frequencies. • Singular value decomposition is used to improve the numerical stability of the algorithm. The microelectromechanical system-inertial navigation system (MEMS-INS) is one of the most widely used sensor systems in navigation but must be used with other sensors because of its error accumulation characteristics. The information fusion method for integrated navigation systems based on filtering technology is thus very important. This paper introduces a new adaptive Kalman filter for nonlinear integrated systems. An improved multi-rate strong tracking square-root cubature Kalman filter (MR-STSCKF) for a MEMS-INS/Global Positioning System (GPS)/polarization compass integrated navigation system is proposed. The proposed filter is used to estimate the system covariance adaptively. The proposed approach can overcome the problem of the inconsistency between the sampling frequencies of different sensors while maintaining the high precision of the integrated navigation results. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed MR-STSCKF algorithm is effective in improving the accuracy of the MEMS-INS/GPS/polarization compass integrated navigation system with a high sampling frequency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a promising alternative to the toxic PbTe-based thermoelectric materials, eco-friendly SnTe has attracted considerable attention. Here, we use a facile solvothermal method to in-situ synthesize MXene/SnTe nanocomposites. Comprehensive characterization results indicate that the incorporation of two-dimensional MXene in SnTe matrix can suppress Sn vacancies to result in a reduced carrier concentration and induce abundant MXene/SnTe interfaces, which simultaneously optimizes the electrical and thermal transport properties. As a result, with the optimized MXene content, the maximum figure of merit of ∼0.63 ​at 823 ​K is obtained in SnTe with 0.6 ​wt% MXene, which shows a 60% enhancement compared to pristine SnTe. This work explores a new strategy to introduce two-dimensional MXene into SnTe-based materials with improved thermoelectric properties, which can inspire new pathways into designing and synthesizing high-performance thermoelectric materials. The incorporation of MXene into SnTe has been achieved by using a facile solvothermal method, which simultaneously adjusts the electrical and thermal transport properties, leading to enhanced thermoelectric performance. [Display omitted] • Preparing MXene/SnTe nanocomposites via a one-step solvothermal reaction. • Achieving synergistically optimized electrical and thermal transport properties. • A 60% enhanced zT was obtained through MXene incorporation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]