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As one of important indicators of atherosclerosis (AS), excess homocysteine (Hcy), could cause oxidation stress, thus leading to inflammation and tissue damage. Hypochlorous acid/hypochlorite (HOCl/OCl−), as an important reactive oxygen species, is speculated to be an indicator of AS caused by Hcy-inducated. Here, a fluorescence nanoprobe LR NPs based on the assembly of pluronic F-127 and probe TR was developed for ClO− detection and imaging during Hcy stress. As expected, LR NPs showed good selectivity and sensitivity for ClO− detection. LR NPs can visualize the fluxes of HClO/ClO− during the stimulation of Hcy induce AS in real time, which demonstrated HClO/ClO− could be performed as an indicator of AS. [Display omitted] • A nano-fluorescent probe (LR NPs) with high sensitivity and selectivity to ClO− was designed and synthesized. • LR NPs was applied to detect endogenous and exogenous ClO− in living cells. • The fluorescent imaging of ClO− caused by Hcy-induced was reported for the first time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Compact porous Si@graphene layered structure with improved contact interface and adequate interconnected pores were prepared by a facile hydrothermal method. • The improved Si/graphene contact interface can promote the positive effect of graphene on restraining the volume change and thus enhance the structural stability during repetitive cycling. • The closely wrapping graphene and interconnected pores simultaneously provide adequate paths for fast transfer of electrons and ions, resulting in greatly improved dynamic performance. Si/carbon composites are attractive anode materials for rechargeable Li-ion batteries (RLIBs), which combine the advantages of Si and graphene. Designing special Si/carbon structure with intimate contact interface and abundant void space for fast ion transmission is an effective strategy for enhancing cyclability and rate performance of the electrode materials. Inspired by the structure of fishnet, here we fabricate a binder-free and self-standing Si@porous-graphene (Si@PGN 60) composite with nano silicon particles encapsulated in porous graphene sheets. The obtained Si@PGN 60 sample exhibits many favourable features for high performance Si/carbon anodes, including improved Si/graphene contact interface, and abundant void space for fast ion transmission. Tanks to the unique structure, the resultant Si@PGN 60 anode presents remarkably improved capacity reaching 1839.9 mA h g−1 at 300 mA g−1, and excellent cycling performance (734 mA h g−1 at a high current density of 3000 mA g−1). Here we fabricate a binder-free and self-standing Si@graphene (Si@PGN 60) composite with silicon encapsulated in porous graphene sheets. The obtained Si@PGN exhibits many favourable features for high performance Si/carbon anodes, including improved contact interface between Si and graphene, and abundant void space for fast ion transmission. Tanks to the unique structure, the resultant Si@PGN presents not only remarkably improved capacity reaching 1839.9 mA h g−1 at 300 mA g−1, but also superior rate performance of 734 mA h g−1 at a relatively high current density of 3000 mA g−1. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the quick development of electric vehicles and grid energy storage, the demand and production of lithium ion batteries (LIBs) are rapidly increasing, and the problem of lithium resource shortage becomes more and more serious. Both in terms of economic value and environmental protection, the recycling and regeneration of the spent lithium batteries is extremely urgent. Herein, a green and efficient hydrothermal technique for direct regeneration of spent lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO 4 or LFP) was proposed. LFP loses the partial lithium during the long cycle and converts to FePO 4 (FP), therefore, the replacement of the lost lithium is crucial for the regeneration of spent LFP. Herein, the effects of hydrothermal conditions such as reaction temperature, Li+ concentration and reducing agent concentration on the performance of product are systemically studied. Besides, it has been found that the control of hydrothermal condition is conductive to the supplement of Li and the enhancement of electrochemical performance of the product. Under hydrothermal conditions of 200 °C for 3 h, the regenerated LFP shows the optimal electrochemical performance of 165.9, 151.93, 145.92, 133.11 and 114.96 mAh g−1 at 0.1, 0.5, 1, 2, and 5 C, respectively. In addition, the capacity retention is as high as 99.1% after 200 cycles at 1 C. Therefore, this work provides a new idea for the direct regeneration of spent LFP cathode materials. [Display omitted] • Spent LiFePO 4 was repaired by a green and efficient hydrothermal process. • Fe3+ in S-LFP was reduced to Fe2+ by tartaric acid. • Soluble Li+ salt can adequately contact with the spent LFP in hydrothermal process. • The lithium defect in the spent LFP is well repaired. • The repaired materials of R-LFP-700 exhibit excellent electrochemical properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Activated carbon nanotubes (ACNTs) possess plentiful active sites. • ACNTs as conductive support to deposit NiS and alleviate particles agglomeration. • The nanostructured NiS/ACNTs composite possesses outstanding performances. • The effects of electrolyte concentration on the NiS/ACNTs electrode are studied. • The NiS/ACNTs//AC ASCs delivers high energy density and power density. [Display omitted] Hexagonal nickel sulfide is extensively studied and used for supercapacitors due to its high theoretical specific capacitance (1060 F g−1), simple synthesis craft and low cost. However, the poor electrical conductivity and easy agglomeration severely restrict its practical application. Herein, we design the composite materials of the nickel sulfide nanoparticles and activated carbon nanotubes (NiS/ACNTs) with plentiful active group by hydrothermal method and subsequent annealing treatment, thus effectively inhibiting the agglomeration of NiS nanoparticles and producing good supercapacitor behaviors. Benefiting from the superiority of composite structure, the NiS/ACNTs hybrid electrode delivers a high specific capacitance of 1266 F g−1 at a current density of 1.0 A g−1 and sustains a capacitance value of 1028 F g−1 at 10 A g−1 (81% of initial specific capacitance). Moreover, the asymmetric supercapacitors (ASCs) with NiS/ACNTs cathode and activated carbon (AC) anode exhibit a high energy density of 36.0 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 806 W kg−1 and a good capacitance retention of 83% after 2000 cycles at 2.0 A g−1. Therefore, the combination of the battery-type materials and carbon materials will a significant exploration to solve particle agglomeration and develop the high electrochemical performance ASCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Polypyrrole coating is utilized for polysulfides immobilization. • Lithium sulfide is wrapped inside cathode from exposure. • Activation barrier and polysulfides shuttle are greatly suppressed. • Electrochemical performances of as-prepared cells are promoted. The significantly-high theoretical energy density and eco-sustainability of lithium sulfur batteries (LSBs) arouses a rapid surge of interest in recent years. However, some key issues of cathode, for instance, the polysulfides confinement, low ion/electrons transfer and etc., hinder the practical utilization of LSBs. Herein, such issues could be carefully handled by using the conductive polypyrrole as polysulfides wrapper. The polypyrrole with pyrrole rings can efficiently confine polysulfides inside cathode for redox. Meanwhile, the conductive polypyrrole with delocalized π-electron cloud can facilitate electrons transfer. Besides, the addition of carbon nanotube (CNT) and oxidized graphene (GO) can enhance the conductivity of cathode material. As a result, the Li 2 S/CNT/GO/PPy cathode delivers a cycling capacity of 525 mAh g−1 with a low-capacity decay rate of 0.065 % cycle−1 after 400 cycles. Therefore, the lithium-sulfur battery with Li 2 S-based and PPy-wrapped cathode could reasonably be counted as a potential alternative of long-cycling Li-ion cells. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]