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从历史到现在，教育在本质上都属人工智能的范畴。而且，教育必须是人工智能排位第一且最重要的应用领域。否则，日益复杂的智能科技将不但不可解释，还会变得无法治理，很容易被少数人利用并伤害大多数人的利益。针对ChatGPT引发的全球性各个社会层面的人工智能冲击，讨论如何有效地利用智能科技，特别是基于大模型和生成式智能技术的数字教师和平行学校，促进智能科技在教育教学中的深度应用，加速教育科技和教学模式的智能变革，从而更加有效地造福人类，确保人类命运共同体的安全、健康与可持续发展。

由于AlphaGo和ChatGPT等生成式人工智能对全球社会的冲击，智能科学与技术的治理问题已成为世界性的焦点问题。为了解决此问题，将传统社会治理方法与人工智能前沿技术相结合，提出了治理这一问题的一种不同的解决方案。

为充分开发并有效利用芝麻粕，以小肽含量为指标，通过Plackett-Burman试验、最陡爬坡试验和响应面试验对米曲霉发酵芝麻粕制备小肽的工艺进行优化。结果表明，米曲霉发酵芝麻粕制备小肽的最佳工艺条件为芝麻粕与麸皮质量比9∶ 1、米曲霉接种量0.01％、发酵温度31.3 ℃、发酵时间 64.24 h、料水比1∶ 1.18，在此条件下发酵样品中的小肽含量可达20.04%。通过米曲霉发酵芝麻粕，可得到富含小肽的产品。In order to fully develop and effectively use sesame meal, the preparation process of small peptide from sesame meal fermented by Aspergillus oryzae was optimized by Plackett-Burman experiment, steepest ascent experiment and response surface methodology, with the content of small peptides as the index. The results showed that the optimal conditions for the preparation of small peptides were obtained as follows: mass ratio of sesame meal to bran 9∶ 1, inoculation amount of Aspergillus oryzae 0.01%, fermentation temperature 31.3 ℃, fermentation time 64.24 h, and ratio of material to water 1∶ 1.18. Under these conditions, the content of small peptides in the fermented samples could be up to 20.04%. Products rich in small peptides can be obtained from sesame meal fermented by Aspergillus oryzae.

以ChatGPT为代表的新一轮人工智能技术浪潮正推动人类社会全面变革，科学研究范式正加速转换，一场人工智能驱动的科学研究（AI for Science，AI4S）革命正在到来。分析了AI4S的基本概念和特点，从数学、物理、生物、材料等角度简要综述了AI4S的发展现状。大力发展AI4S对提高国家竞争力、发展社会经济、加强技术储备都具有十分重要的意义。为更好地推动我国 AI4S 的发展，以下两点十分关键：一是变革当代的教学与教育，倡导AI for Education和Education for AI；二是以DAOs和DeSci为基础建立适应“新科学研究范式”的“新组织方式”和“新科研生态”，为 AI4S研究提供公开、公平、公正的可持续性支持。

随着基础理论和硬件计算能力的飞速发展，深度学习技术在众多领域取得了令人瞩目的成绩。作为描述客观物理世界的重要工具，长期以来微分方程是各领域研究人员关心的重点。近年来，深度学习和微分方程的结合逐渐成了研究的热点。由于深度学习能够从大量数据中高效地提取特征，微分方程能够反应客观的物理规律，因此二者的结合可以有效地提升深度学习的泛化性，同时增强深度学习的可解释性。首先，介绍了深度学习求解微分方程的基本问题。其次，介绍了两类深度学习求解微分方程的方法：数据驱动和物理知情方法。然后，讨论了微分方程深度学习求解方法在实际中的应用。与此同时，在充分调研的基础上提出了科学智能大模型——DeDAO（微分之道），以应对现有的挑战。最后，对微分方程深度学习求解方法进行了简要总结。

圆明园是一座历史上的皇家园林，它不仅在中国园林史上占有重要地位，也在世界上享有很高的声誉。圆明园蕴含的历史和文化价值，迫切需要通过一种全新的方式被国人广泛了解，被世界铭记。围绕坚持“保护第一、加强管理、挖掘价值、有效利用、让文物活起来”的工作方针，提出平行圆明园这一全新解决方案，为智慧圆明园的建设提供技术参考。平行圆明园是 ACP 理论在圆明园运营管理中的应用，通过描述智能构建虚拟圆明园，利用预测智能在虚拟圆明园中进行大规模的计算实验，通过引导智能和平行执行突破圆明园的地域边界，实现对圆明园的智能管理。虚拟世界的圆明园的发展和丰富，虚拟与现实世界的日益平行互动和融合，将带来新的圆明园运营模式。

随着人工智能探索领域的不断拓展，艺术创作成为人工智能发展和应用的重要研究热点。基于平行系统理论与 ACP 方法构建风格多样、内容逼真、笔触灵活和描述精准的平行艺术创作元宇宙，为提升人工智能的创造能力提供了一种可行的实现途径，并提供了应用案例。通过 AI 算法创作、人类筛选和评估、机器人执行，构建了人机物CPSS智能融合的平行创作架构，阐述了基于计算实验的绘画风格迁移、内容组合、笔触生成和图像描述等关键技术，并对所构建的平行创作系统进行了实验验证。平行创作系统融合了人、AI创作算法、机器人的优势，提升了人工智能艺术创作系统在虚拟和物理空间中的创作水平，促进了人机物协同艺术创作的发展。

随着智能汽车和网联汽车的发展，需要智能轮胎提供更多的轮胎状态信息。为了综合利用轮胎的状态信息，基于平行系统理论建立一种平行轮胎架构，用于轮胎状态的智能控制和管理，从而提高轮胎的安全性、经济性和舒适性。针对建立的平行轮胎架构，阐述了人工轮胎建模、人工轮胎的计算实验、人工轮胎和实际轮胎的平行执行关键技术的实现过程，展望了平行轮胎的应用前景，探讨了轮胎技术知识自动化的发展方向。

为了从根源上解决组织管理面临的数据、信任和时效不对称问题，提出面向Web 3.0的新型组织管理模式——加密管理。它以区块链为底层技术，以联邦数据为运行基础，以去中心化自治组织为组织形态，以智能合约为实现手段，以非同质化通证为激励机制，核心目标是在数据安全与隐私保护的前提下，实现可信、可靠与可用的实时管理决策。构建了加密管理的基本框架，讨论了其核心构成与实现模式，并以面向任务的人员绩效实时管理为例，介绍了其运作流程，最后探讨了该领域潜在的研究方向。

我国现阶段仍以小规模农业为主，如何在小农、小地块的农业生产经营方式下发展适宜的智慧农业颇具挑战。基于此，提出一种结合联邦学习与区块链技术的分布式农业人工智能框架，使得在数据不共享的情况下，能达到训练模型的目的，并可建立参与方的激励机制。该框架有助于充分利用农业多源异构数据，减少对用户数据量的要求，发展因地制宜的决策模型，促进小规模农业的产销衔接。

交通态势感知是智能交通系统的重要研究方向。已有研究大多关注如何使用物理传感器感知当下交通态势并预测未来交通状况。然而，物理传感器性能易因天气影响、电磁干扰、能源限制等问题出现不稳定或失效情况，导致其采集的数据稀疏或缺失，使其对交通态势感知滞后且不准确。社会媒体数据为及时感知完善的交通态势信息提供了新的增强方式。面向当下异常交通情况频发的城市交通管控现状，社会传感与物理传感数据互为补充，可进一步满足城市交通高效管理需求。基于此，对基于社会媒体数据的交通事件检测和交通状况预测工作展开分析研究，探讨社会媒体数据增强的交通态势感知研究工作如何为交通管理部门提供决策支持，以合理规划、引导交通，缓解交通拥堵，最后提出社会媒体数据增强的交通态势感知还需进一步探索的方向。

随着新能源设备的大规模接入，大电网系统的脆弱性、开放性和不确定性显著上升，系统的管理与控制面临重大的挑战。构建基于平行系统与元宇宙思想的平行电网系统，形成虚实融合的智能大电网管理与控制理论方法，是解决上述问题的一种可行途径。介绍平行电网系统MetaGrid的基本体系架构，在此基础上分析平行电网系统的关键技术，并展望平行电网潜在的应用场景。基于300节点热稳案例，提供一个平行电网应用案例的原型。期望通过构建平行电网系统，对实际电网系统进行精准建模，借助大规模的计算实验和虚实闭环的平行执行，实现实际电网系统和人工电网系统的虚实互动，促进电力系统从依赖仿真的管控走向基于平行电网的智能管理与控制。

针对风沙防护治理系统难以建模、难以解析预测等问题，以塔克拉玛干沙漠公路及其防沙体系为研究对象，提出平行智能风沙防护治理决策支持系统。基于防沙专家常年积累的经验知识，结合实际系统风沙环境信息，模拟风沙防护治理过程，构建沙漠公路防沙体系人工系统；基于计算实验，评估防沙体系人工系统的防沙效果，通过与实际系统进行比较与学习，对系统进行评估与校准；基于平行智能理论，分析风沙防护治理决策支持系统，实现人工系统与实际系统的相互学习、相互借鉴，为风沙防护治理提供决策支持，促进风沙环境可持续化发展。

从虚实两方面概述了平行电池的概念、框架、方法与应用。平行电池是基于 ACP 方法的平行智能在电池与相关能源领域中的应用。实际电池系统和与之对应的虚拟空间中的人工电池系统平行运行、虚实互动，物理空间映射于虚拟空间，人工电池系统描述、预测、引导实际电池系统，虚实闭环，迭代优化，实现智能生态电池与能源系统管理新模式。

We present predictions for the high-redshift halo–galaxy–supermassive black hole (SMBH) connection from the Trinity model. Matching a comprehensive compilation of galaxy (0 ≤ z ≤ 13) and SMBH data sets (0 ≤ z ≤ 6.5), Trinity finds: (1) The number of SMBHs with M • > 109 M⊙ in the observable Universe increases by five orders of magnitude from z ∼ 10 to z ∼ 2, and by another factor of ∼3 from z ∼ 2 to z  = 0; (2) The M • > 109 and 1010 M⊙ SMBHs at z ∼ 6 live in haloes with ∼(2 − 3) and (3 − 5) × 1012 M⊙; (3) the newly discovered JWST AGN candidates at 7 ≲ z ≲ 11 are overmassive compared to the intrinsic SMBH mass–galaxy mass relation from Trinity , but they are still broadly consistent with Trinity predictions for flux limited AGN samples with Lauer bias. This bias favours the detection for overmassive SMBHs due to higher luminosities at a fixed Eddington ratio. However UHZ1's M •/ M * ratio is still some 1 dex higher than Trinity AGNs, indicating a discrepancy; (4) Trinity underpredicts the number densities of GN-z11 and CEERS_1019 analogues. But given the strong constraints from existing data in Trinity , the extra constraint from GN-z11 and CEERS_1019 does not significantly change trinity model results. (5) z  = 6–10 quasar luminosity functions will reduce uncertainties in the trinity prediction of the z  = 6–10 SMBH mass–galaxy mass relation by up to ∼0.5 dex. These luminosity functions will be available with future telescopes, such as Roman and Euclid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Automobile Technology & Material is the property of Automobile Technology & Material Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Objective To investigate the influencing factors of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Methods A retrospective study was conducted to collect the clinical data of 66 patients with SAP, and they were divided into AKI group and non-AKI group according to whether they had AKI, and the risk factors of AKI in SAP patients were analyzed by logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, respectively. Results The overall age, acute physiology and chronic health status assessment (APACHEII.) scores of patients with SAP and AKI were higher than those without comorbidity, but diabetes mellitus was more common in patients without comorbidity (P<0.05). The results of stepwise regression analysis showed that increased APACHEII. score, SIRI, platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), systemic immune inflammatory index (SII) and serum calcium were independent risk factors for AKI in SAP patients (P<0.05).< THE RESULTS OF ROC CURVE SHOWED THAT, IN ADDITION TO SERUM CREATININE, APACHE II. SCORE, SIRI INDEX AND SERUM CALCIUM LEVEL HAD CERTAIN DIAGNOSTIC VALUE FOR AKI IN PATIENTS WITH SAP, AMONG WHICH THE AUC OF APACHEII SCORE WAS 0.880 (95%CI 0.787~0.974, CUT-OFF VALUE 11.50 points), the AUC of SIRI index was 0.662 (95%CI 0.521~0.804, cut-off value 10.89), and the AUC of serum calcium level was 0.754(95%CI 0.627~0.881, cut-off value 2.07 mmol/L), P < 0.05; When the above three indexes were combined with serum creatinine, the diagnostic efficacy of AKI in patients with SAP could be further improved, and the AUC of serum creatinine + serum calcium was the largest, reaching 0.969 (95%CI 0.929~1.000, P<0.05). SIRI index and serum calcium level have diagnostic value for AKI in patients with SAP, and the combination of serum creatinine can improve the diagnostic efficacy of AKI, providing a new means for clinical identification of AKI in patients with SAP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In order to explore the structural characteristics of Chinese aviation and high-speed rail integrated transportation network, cities was treated as nodes and established three weighted networks: a high-speed rail sub-network, an aviation sub-network, and a comprehensive air-rail transportation network by connecting cities with flight or high-speed rail services, with flight numbers and highspeed rail numbers as weights. Firstly,mean correlation, triangle betweenness centrality, and weighted harmonic centrality were used to analyze key nodes in different networks. Secondly,clustering coefficients and average shortest path lengths were used to analyze the small-world properties of the three networks. Thridly,the Newman algorithm was used to study the community structure of the three networks. Lastly,weighted network efficiency was used as an indicator to compare the robustness of the three networks. The results show that Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen ranked high in all three weighted centrality measures and were the most critical nodes in all three networks. All three networks had small-world properties, but only the high-speed rail sub-network had a modularity value greater than 0. 3, indicating significant community structures, which were divided into ten communities. The comprehensive airrail transportation network had a better weighted network efficiency, approximately 0. 32, which was the highest among the three networks. It also had the strongest robustness and the smallest change in weighted efficiency when nodes failed. It is concluded that the comprehensive air-rail transportation network integrates the complementary advantages of the high-speed rail and aviation networks and has better structural characteristics than single transportation networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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