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This study develops a self‐powered fire alarm system that utilizes a sandwich‐like self‐powered fire sensor (SSFS) with a simple system to prevent room fires. The SSFS is small, flame‐retardant, and can be easily installed on furniture or doors. The SSFS uses a nanogenerator constructed by poly(vinylidenefluoride‐co‐trifluoroethylene) (PVDF‐TrFE) nanofibers and a flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) to produce electrical power by harvesting motion energy. This nanogenerator can fully charge capacitors in a few minutes and produces a maximum voltage output of 6.47 V. The SSFS also features two flame‐retardant melamine foams (MFs) coated with graphene oxide (GO) and a chitosan multilayer nanocoating that is fabricated by layer‐by‐layer technology (LBL technology). While encountering a high‐temperature situation, the electrical state of MFs changes from insulated to conductive, triggering the fire alarm light in about four seconds. The sandwich‐like design allows the SSFS to respond to a variety of fire alarm situations, especially in the case where both the top and bottom of the fire alarm sensor are exposed to flame (bilateral fire burning). It is such an innovative research to decrease the delay time of fire‐warning by using this sandwich‐like design fire sensor. The nanogenerator can keep the warning working for 22 s after the initial trigger, which produces enough time to ensure people stay clear of the fire source. All in all, this study presents a novel approach to reducing the risk of building fires through a lightweight and self‐powered fire alarm system that harvests motion energy using piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To compare the efficacy of minimally invasive pectopexy with I‐stop‐mini (MPI) and minimally invasive sacrocolpopexy with Obtryx (MSO). Methods: Women with pelvic organ prolapse quantification (POP‐Q) stage III or more and overt stress urinary incontinence from May 2018 to May 2021 were included. Patients with meshes fixed on the cervix or vaginal vault and bilateral pectineal ligament with I‐stop‐mini were classified into the MPI group, while those fixed on the apex and sacral promontory with Obtryx were classified into the MSO group. The primary outcomes were 1‐year‐postoperative POP‐Q stage, patient‐reported urinary and prolapse outcomes (Urogenital Distress Inventory‐6, International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire‐Short Form, and Pelvic Organ Prolapse Distress Inventory‐6), 1‐h pad test, and sexual life quality (Pelvic Organ Prolapse/Urinary Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire). Secondary outcomes included operative data and adverse events. Results: The efficacy of MPI was similar to that of MSO according to the primary outcomes. MPI had shorter operative times (133.4 ± 30.6 min versus 199.3 ± 20.9 min, P = 0.001) and lower incidence rate of abdominal pain (0% vs 20%, P = 0.02) and groin pain (8% vs 40%, P = 0.01) than MSO. Conclusions: MPI showed similar efficacy to MSO, but demonstrated shorter operative times and lower incidence rates of abdominal and groin pain. Synopsis: Efficacy of minimally invasive pectopexy with I‐stop‐mini was similar to that of sacrocolpopexy and Obtryx at the 1‐year follow up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Machine learning models based on convolutional neural networks have been used for predicting space groups of crystal structures from their atomic pair distribution function (PDF). However, the PDFs used to train the model are calculated using a fixed set of parameters that reflect specific experimental conditions, and the accuracy of the model when given PDFs generated with different choices of these parameters is unknown. In this work, the results of the top‐1 accuracy and top‐6 accuracy are robust when applied to PDFs of different choices of experimental parameters rmax, Qmax, Qdamp and atomic displacement parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we investigated enhance mode (E-mode) p-GaN/AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs) with an Al0.5GaN etch-stop layer. Compared with an AlN etch-stop layer, the Al0.5GaN etch-stop layer not only reduced lattice defects but engendered improved DC performance in the device; this can be attributed to the lattice match between the layer and substrate. The results revealed that the Al0.5GaN etch-stop layer could reduce dislocation by 37.5% and improve device characteristics. Compared with the device with the AlN etch-stop layer, the p-GaN HEMT with the Al0.5GaN etch-stop layer achieved a higher drain current on/off ratio (2.47 × 107), a lower gate leakage current (1.55 × 10−5 A/mm), and a lower on-state resistance (21.65 Ω·mm); moreover, its dynamic RON value was reduced to 1.69 (from 2.26). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The incidence of lymph node (LN) involvement and its prognostic value based on radiological imaging in stage IIB cervical cancer (CC) remains unclear, and evidence regarding oncological outcomes of patients with stage IIB CC with LN metastases is limited. In this study we retrospectively reviewed the incidence and prognostic significance of pretreatment radiologic LN status in 72 patients with clinical stage IIB CC (FIGO 2009), with or without radiologic evidence of LN enlargement. An enlarged LN was defined as a diameter > 10 mm on CT/MRI. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were assessed. Radiologic LN enlargement of >10 mm was observed in 45.8% of patients with stage IIB CC. PFS (p = 0.0088) and OS rates (p = 0.0032) were significantly poorer in the LN group (n = 33) than in the non-LN group (n = 39). Univariate Cox analysis revealed that LN > 10 mm contributed to a higher rate of recurrence and mortality. In conclusion, nearly half of the patients with clinical stage IIB CC had enlarged LNs (>10 mm) identified during pretreatment radiologic evaluation, which negatively impacted prognosis. Our findings highlight the need to incorporate CT- or MRI-based LN assessment before treatment for stage IIB CC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A cloud‐hosted web‐based software application, nmfMapping, for carrying out a non‐negative matrix factorization of a set of powder diffraction or atomic pair distribution function datasets is described. This application allows structure scientists to find trends rapidly in sets of related data such as from in situ and operando diffraction experiments. The application is easy to use and does not require any programming expertise. It is available at https://pdfitc.org/. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Developing feasible strategies to utilize CO2 as a C1 synthon for constructing various valued‐added chemical feedstock is crucial for alleviating the global warning and achieving a carbon‐neutral cycle. The coupling between epoxide and carbon dioxide is a promising direction due to the large driving force for the formation of thermodynamically stable cyclic carbonate and its 100% atom‐economy efficiency. Despite numerous metal‐based complexes that have been reported to facilitate this coupling reaction catalytically, harsh conditions (high temperature and pressure) are usually required. In this study, the synthesis and structural/spectroscopic characterizations of oxovanadium(V) complexes 2a–2f chelated with one‐step synthesized hydrazone‐imidate ligands were reported. The catalytic performance of the synthesized oxovanadium(V) complexes regarding the coupling reaction between epoxide and CO2 was successfully demonstrated with only 0.5 mol% loading of both oxovanadium(V) catalyst and [NBu4][Br] at 80°C under 1 bar of CO2. The substrate scope containing both terminal epoxide derivative and internal epoxide derivative indicates that the oxovanadium(V) catalysts could exert efficient catalytic coupling reaction of terminal epoxide (63 ~ 85% conversion rates) under ambient pressure of CO2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Objectives Search Strategy Selection Criteria Data Collection and Analysis Main Results Conclusions Bevacizumab serves as an effective treatment in cervical cancer patients with metastatic, recurrent, or advanced disease. However, gastrointestinal (GI)/genitourinary (GU) toxicities have been observed after bevacizumab treatment. Radiotherapy (RT) is the mainstay of treatment of cervical cancer.To investigate the risk of GI/GU toxicities with bevacizumab plus RT compared with RT alone in cervical cancer patients.In this meta‐analysis, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases were searched from inception to September 25, 2022.Cohort studies evaluating the association between bevacizumab and GI/GU fistula or perforation in irradiated metastatic, recurrent, or advanced cervical cancer patients.Results are expressed as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). The inconsistency test (I2) was used to assess heterogeneity. Egger's regression test with a two‐tailed P value was used to evaluate publication bias.Four cohort studies met the inclusion criteria with a total of 597 women included. There was a significant association between GI fistula/perforation and GU fistula/perforation in irradiated cervical cancer patients receiving bevacizumab (OR 4.03 [95% CI: 1.76–9.20] and OR 4.71 [95% CI: 1.51–14.70], respectively).The bevacizumab‐containing regimen was associated with an increased risk of GI or GU toxicities in cervical cancer individuals undergoing pelvic RT. These results suggest the bevacizumab‐associated benefits and risk should be better weighted to reach an optimal treatment strategy. Further investigation on optimal dosage and timing of bevacizumab and RT is vital to minimize the adverse events and maximize the benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article demonstrates spatial mapping of the local and nanoscale structure of thin film objects using spatially resolved pair distribution function (PDF) analysis of synchrotron X‐ray diffraction data. This is exemplified in a lab‐on‐chip combinatorial array of sample spots containing catalytically interesting nanoparticles deposited from liquid precursors using an ink‐jet liquid‐handling system. A software implementation is presented of the whole protocol, including an approach for automated data acquisition and analysis using the atomic PDF method. The protocol software can handle semi‐automated data reduction, normalization and modeling, with user‐defined recipes generating a comprehensive collection of metadata and analysis results. By slicing the collection using included functions, it is possible to build images of different contrast features chosen by the user, giving insights into different aspects of the local structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The role of the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in lung epithelial cells is increasingly being recognized as a key stage in the development of COPD, fibrosis, and lung cancers, which are all highly associated with cigarette smoking and with exposure to second-hand smoke. Using the exposure of human lung cancer epithelial A549 cells and non-cancerous Beas-2B cells to sidestream cigarette smoke extract (CSE) as a model, we studied the protective effects of adipose-derived stem cell-conditioned medium (ADSC-CM) against CSE-induced cell death and EMT. CSE dose-dependently induced cell death, decreased epithelial markers, and increased the expression of mesenchymal markers. Upstream regulator analysis of differentially expressed genes after CSE exposure revealed similar pathways as those observed in typical EMT induced by TGF-β1. CSE-induced cell death was clearly attenuated by ADSC-CM but not by other control media, such as a pass-through fraction of ADSC-CM or A549-CM. ADSC-CM effectively inhibited CSE-induced EMT and was able to reverse the gradual loss of epithelial marker expression associated with TGF-β1 treatment. CSE or TGF-β1 enhanced the speed of A549 migration by 2- to 3-fold, and ADSC-CM was effective in blocking the cell migration induced by either agent. Future work will build on the results of this in vitro study by defining the molecular mechanisms through which ADSC-CM protects lung epithelial cells from EMT induced by toxicants in second-hand smoke. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the efficacy, surgical outcomes, and adverse events of the adjustable midurethral sling I‐stop‐mini in women with intrinsic sphincter deficiency (ISD)–type stress urinary incontinence. We compared this new sling system with the Obtryx transobturator midurethral sling system. Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted at a single center from June 2017 to December 2020. A total of 141 women who underwent placement of an I‐stop‐mini or Obtryx and were followed up for at least 1 year were enrolled. ISD was defined as a Valsalva leak point pressure of ≤60 cmH2O or a maximal urethral closure pressure of ≤20 cmH2O. Student t test was used to compare continuous variables, and chi‐square test was used to compare the distribution of categorical data. Results: In terms of objective success, I‐stop‐mini and Obtryx showed no significant differences in the postoperative 1‐month, 6‐month, and 12‐month. The two devices showed similar effectiveness regardless of the ISD definition. The I‐stop‐mini group had a significantly shorter operative time, whereas the adverse event rates were similar. Conclusion: The subjective cure rate, objective success, and adverse event rate did not differ in the two devices. I‐stop‐mini had a significantly shorter operative time. Synopsis: I‐stop‐mini, a new adjustable midurethral sling, showed similar efficacy to the transobturator midurethral sling Obtryx in women with stress urinary incontinence and intrinsic sphincter deficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A metal–insulator–semiconductor p-type GaN gate high-electron-mobility transistor (MIS-HEMT) with an Al2O3/AlN gate insulator layer deposited through atomic layer deposition was investigated. A favorable interface was observed between the selected insulator, atomic layer deposition–grown AlN, and GaN. A conventional p-type enhancement-mode GaN device without an Al2O3/AlN layer, known as a Schottky gate (SG) p-GaN HEMT, was also fabricated for comparison. Because of the presence of the Al2O3/AlN layer, the gate leakage and threshold voltage of the MIS-HEMT improved more than those of the SG-HEMT did. Additionally, a high turn-on voltage was obtained. The MIS-HEMT was shown to be reliable with a long lifetime. Hence, growing a high-quality Al2O3/AlN layer in an HEMT can help realize a high-performance enhancement-mode transistor with high stability, a large gate swing region, and high reliability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Automated coronary angiography assessment requires precise vessel segmentation, a task complicated by uneven contrast filling and background noise. Our research introduces an ensemble U-Net model, SE-RegUNet, designed to accurately segment coronary vessels using 100 labeled angiographies from angiographic images. SE-RegUNet incorporates RegNet encoders and squeeze-and-excitation blocks to enhance feature extraction. A dual-phase image preprocessing strategy further improves the model's performance, employing unsharp masking and contrast-limited adaptive histogram equalization. Following fivefold cross-validation and Ranger21 optimization, the SE-RegUNet 4GF model emerged as the most effective, evidenced by performance metrics such as a Dice score of 0.72 and an accuracy of 0.97. Its potential for real-world application is highlighted by its ability to process images at 41.6 frames per second. External validation on the DCA1 dataset demonstrated the model's consistent robustness, achieving a Dice score of 0.76 and an accuracy of 0.97. The SE-RegUNet 4GF model's precision in segmenting blood vessels in coronary angiographies showcases its remarkable efficiency and accuracy. However, further development and clinical testing are necessary before it can be routinely implemented in medical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water that penetrates through cracks in concrete can corrode steel bars. There is a need for reliable and practical seepage sensing technology to prevent failure and determine the necessary maintenance for a concrete structure. Therefore, we propose a modified plasma-assisted electrochemical exfoliated graphite (MPGE) nanosheet smart tag. We conducted a comparative study of standard and modified RFID smart tags with sensor technology for seepage detection in concrete. The performance of both smart tags was tested and verified for seepage sensing in concrete, characterized by sensor code and frequency values. Seepage was simulated by cracking the concrete samples, immersing them for a designated time, and repeating the immersing phase with increasing durations. The test showed that the modified smart tag with 3% MPGE and an additional crosslinking agent provided the best sensitivity compared with the other nanosheet compositions. The presence of 3D segregated structures on the smart tag's sensing area successfully enhanced the sensitivity performance of seepage detection in concrete structures and is expected to benefit structural health monitoring as a novel non-destructive test method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aimed to compare the ability of the O-RADS and ADNEX models to classify benign or malignant adnexal lesions. Methods: This retrospective single-center study included women who underwent surgery for adnexal lesions. Two gynecologists independently categorized the adnexal lesions according to the O-RADS and ADNEX models. Four additional readers were included to validate the new quick-access O-RADS flowchart. Results: Among the 322 patients included in this study, 264 (82.0%) had a benign diagnosis, and 58 (18.0%) had a malignant diagnosis. The malignant rates of O-RADS 2, O-RADS 3, O-RADS 4, and O-RADS 5 were 0%, 3.0%, 37.7%, and 78.9%, respectively. The AUC of the O-RADS in the 322 patients was 0.93. On comparing the O-RADS and ADNEX models in the remaining 281 patients, the AUCs of the O-RADS, ADNEX model with CA125, and ADNEX model without CA125 were 0.92, 0.95, and 0.94, respectively. When setting a uniform cutoff of ≥ 10% (≥ O-RADS 4) to predict malignancy, the O-RADS had higher sensitivity than the ADNEX model (96.6% vs. 91.4%), and relatively similar specificity. In addition, the readers with the quick-access flowchart spent less time categorizing O-RADS than the readers with only the original O-RADS table (mean analysis time: 99 min 15 s vs. 111 min 55 s). Conclusions: The O-RADS classification of the adnexal lesions as benign or malignant was comparable to that of the ADNEX model and had higher sensitivity at the 10% cutoff value. A quick-access O-RADS flowchart was helpful in O-RADS categorization and might shorten the analysis time. Key Points: • Both O-RADS and ADNEX models had good diagnostic performance in distinguishing adnexal malignancy, and O-RADS had higher sensitivity than ADNEX model in uniform 10% cutoff to predict malignancy. • Quick-access O-RADS flowchart was developed to help review O-RADS classification and might help reduce the analysis time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A normally- OFF AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistor (HEMT) with p-GaN gate was fabricated on free-standing GaN substrate. The self-terminated etching technology was achieved by combining with AlN stop layer and SF6-based etching gas. Compared with HEMT on Si substrate (Si-HEMT), the HEMT on GaN substrate (GaN-HEMT) demonstrated the higher current density, lower subthreshold swing (SS), lower drain leakage current, and lower static and dynamic ON-resistance that were ascribed to the lower dislocation and less defect on free-standing GaN substrate. Meanwhile, the excellent ${V}_{\mathrm{th}}$ stability up to 175 °C and uniformity was demonstrated. Also, higher breakdown voltage (BV) of 683 V was measured, which was higher than 507 V for Si-HEMT. Hence, a normally- OFF AlGaN/GaN HEMT on free-standing GaN substrate shows good potential in power application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, an AlGaN/GaN high-electron-mobility transistor (HEMT) was grown through metal organic chemical vapor deposition on a Qromis Substrate Technology (QST). The GaN on the QST device exhibited a superior heat dissipation performance to the GaN on a Si device because of the higher thermal conductivity of the QST substrate. Thermal imaging analysis indicated that the temperature variation of the GaN on the QST device was 4.5 °C and that of the GaN on the Si device was 9.2 °C at a drain-to-source current (IDS) of 300 mA/mm following 50 s of operation. Compared with the GaN HEMT on the Si device, the GaN on the QST device exhibited a lower IDS degradation at high temperatures (17.5% at 400 K). The QST substrate is suitable for employment in different temperature environments because of its high thermal stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The bandgap was estimated and reported to be 0.91 eV (indirect) and 2.23 eV (direct). • The optically and electrically activity has been seen in the Raman spectra. • Methyl blue was used for catalysts' properties and 98 %< efficiency was measured. • Photocatalysts mechanism was described. • HOMO-LUMO energy gap for each step was described with simulation work. This article reports on a hydrothermally synthesized γ-Fe 2 O 3 @Au/MoS 2 heterostructure with excellent photocatalytic properties for the degradation of Methyl blue dye under green light at room temperature (300 K). The bandgap of the heterostructure was estimated from the Tauc plot and found as 0.91 eV (indirect) and 2.23 eV (direct). The optical and electrical activity of the heterostructure was revealed by the Raman spectra. The photocatalytic properties of γ-Fe 2 O 3 @Au/MoS 2 heterostructures were investigated by degrading Methyl Blue (MB) dye under green light (8 W) at various catalysis concentrations and pH values. Within 4 h, 98 % efficiency was achieved using a low amount of 0.01 gm catalyst with 1 ml H 2 O 2 at a pH of 12. The pseudo-first-order reaction rate constant (K app ) revealed that no reaction occurred between MB and catalyst. Density functional techniques (DFT/B3LYP) with the LANL2MB basis set were used to calculate the energies, geometric structure, and vibrational numbers of MoS 2 and γ-Fe 2 O 3 @Au. DFT was used to extract the basic vibrational wavenumbers, intensities, and the shifting of energy levels for each step in the photodegradation reaction. A good agreement was found between the experimental and theoretical results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]