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Background/Aim: The importance of occupational diseases is due to their influence on workers' quality of life and significant socioeconomic problems for the health sector, employers and the state. Occupational diseases are generally not curable but are preventable diseases, so it is extremely important to develop a good system of detection, registration and prevention. Therefore, special attention should be paid to the occupational incidence analysis. Aim of this study was to assess the incidence of occupational diseases in the Republic of Srpska. Methods: The research was conducted as a cross-sectional study based on the obtained data on occupational diseases in the Republic of Srpska for ten years (from 2011 to 2021). Results: In the observed period, 12 cases of occupational diseases were registered in the Republic of Srpska and the incidence was less than 1/100,000 per year. Occupational diseases were diagnosed in: - agriculture, forestry and fishing; - construction and - healthcare and social welfare. Conclusion: The study showed a low incidence of occupational disease and it was observed that certain industrial sectors were particularly undervalued. The current situation regarding occupational diseases in the Republic of Srpska requires an urgent response from the occupational medicine services and the state. It is necessary to initiate procedures as soon as possible to ensure uniformity in the criteria of diagnosis and records of occupational diseases and revision of the list of occupational diseases by the International Labour Organisation. In the future, it is necessary to conduct additional and more detailed research in the field of occupational diseases.

The two main goals of this research were to assess workers’ mental health (anxiety, depression, and job burnout syndrome) and examine factors related to mental health burdens in two groups of workers. The study was conducted as an online cross-sectional study. The target population consists of workers in essential activities who worked during the pandemic (health, defense, trade, finance, and media), as well as a group of workers who were particularly impacted by the protection measures and either worked under a different regime or were unable to work (caterers, musicians). A questionnaire was constructed for the needs of this research and the scales for anxiety, depression, and burnout syndrome were used. In total, 42.2% of non-essential workers and 39.5% of essential workers reported anxiety symptoms, circa 20% of non-essential activity workers and essential activity workers reported depression, and 28.9% of non-essential activity workers and 33.7% of essential activity workers reported burnout. A significant association has been found between certain sociodemographic and health characteristics of respondents, as well as financial stress (worry about losing a job), social stress, media stress, and respondents’ trust in competent authorities and COVID-19 prevention measures, and symptoms of anxiety, depression, and burnout syndrome. The findings of this study pointed to mental health issues in other activities and highlighted the need for and importance of examining mental health in the population of non-essential activities. It is indicative of significant points that can be investigated in the future for prevention.