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Turistički potencijal Andaluzije je od strane Španjolskih vlasti i stranih ulagača prepoznata još sredinom prošlog stoljeća. Reljef je pokrajini omogućio razvoj različitih vrsta turizma. Broj sunčanih dana u godini i idealna klima su omogućili Andaluziji razvoj turizma tijekom cijele godine i time smanjenje sezonalnosti. Bogata prirodna baština Andaluzije je strogo zaštićena i uređena za posjetitelje da nemaju negativan utjecaj na zaštićenu prirodu. Priroda koja je neponovljiva i jedinstvena je jedna od glavnih atrakcija Andaluzije. Obale Costa del Sol i Costa del la Luz su dvije najveće i najpoznatije obale Andaluzije. Dok je Costa del Sol daleko atraktivnija, Costa del la Luz nudi posjetiteljima netaknutu prirodu i turistički neotkriveni dio Andaluzije. Međutim, nije samo priroda koja privlači veliki broj turista u Andaluziju. Kroz povijest je područjem Andaluzije prolazilo više različitih vladara i različitih kultura koje se sa sobom donijele i ostavile dio svoje kulture što Andaluziju čini kulturno raznolikom regijom i time turistički atraktivnom. Najbrojnije kulturno – povijesne spomenike iza sebe su ostavili Arapi i Mauri koji je vladali područjem Andaluzije skoro 8 stoljeća. UNESCO je na svoj popis svjetske kulturne baštine stavio 6 znamenitosti koje se nalaze u Andaluziji, što turistima daje dodatna motiv za odlazak u tu pokrajinu. Bogata kultura i povijest ne čine samo spomenici, muzeji i ostale građevine, već običaji i manifestacije. Veliki broj manifestacija u Andaluziji su vezane za religijske događaje i folklor. Većina manifestacija se održava za vrijeme ljetnih mjeseci. Tipična obilježja manifestacija su glazba, ples, šarene boje, tradicionalna odjeća i visoka posjećenost. Turistička potražnja se neprestano mijenjaju. Potreba za širenje turističke ponude Andaluzije je dovela do razvoja turizma posebnih interesa u Andaluziji. Od turizma posebnih interesa su najčešće zastupljeni eko turizam, ruralni turizam, kulturni turizam i sportsko – rekreativni turizam. Širenje turističke ponude pokazalo se uspješnim potezom, što potvrđuju i statistički podatci. Prema podatcima iz 2021. godine, Andaluzija je 4. pokrajina Španjolske po broju noćenja, s više od 6 milijuna noćenja. Očuvanjem kulturne i prirodne baštine, stvaranjem novih turističkih sadržaja i širenjem turističke ponude, Andaluzija može biti primjer mnogim državama i regijama koje svoje prihode ostvaruju od turizma. The tourism potential of Andalusia has been recognized by the Spanish authorities and foreign investors since the mid-20th century. The region's relief has allowed the development of various types of tourism. The number of sunny days per year and the ideal climate have enabled year-round tourism in Andalusia, reducing seasonality. The rich natural heritage of Andalusia is strictly protected and managed for visitors to have no negative impact on the protected nature. The unique and unparalleled nature is one of the main attractions of Andalusia. The coasts of Costa del Sol and Costa de la Luz are the two largest and most famous coastlines in Andalusia. While Costa del Sol is more attractive, Costa de la Luz offers visitors untouched nature and an undiscovered tourist area of Andalusia. However, it is not only nature that attracts a large number of tourists to Andalusia. Throughout history, Andalusia has been ruled by various rulers and cultures that have brought and left a part of their culture, making Andalusia a culturally diverse and therefore tourist-attractive region. The Moors, who ruled the region of Andalusia for almost eight centuries, left behind the largest number of cultural and historical monuments. UNESCO has included six landmarks in Andalusia on its list of world cultural heritage sites, which gives tourists an additional motive to visit the province. Rich culture and history are not only represented by monuments and museums, but also by festivals. A large number of events in Andalusia are related to religious events and folklore. Most of the events take place during the summer months. Typical features of these events are music, dance, vibrant colors, traditional clothing, and high attendance. Tourist demands are constantly changing. The need to expand the tourism offer of Andalusia has led to the development of special interest tourism in the region. The most commonly represented forms are ecotourism, rural tourism, cultural tourism, and sports and recreational tourism. The expansion of the tourism offer has proven to be a successful move, as confirmed by statistical data. According to data from 2021, Andalusia is the 4th province in Spain in terms of overnight stays, with over 6 million overnight stays. By preserving cultural and natural heritage, creating new tourist attractions, and expanding the tourism offer, Andalusia can serve as an example to many countries and regions that generate their income from tourism.

This paper presents research focused on the post-pandemic opportunities of special interest tourism development, through elaboration of the stakeholders' perspectives on sustainable valorisation of local natural and cultural heritage in the changing global context. The main goal of the research was to analyse the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on key stakeholders’ activities and their attitudes towards future sustainable tourism development. The empirical research has been realised in the Municipality of Vrsar, a typical Mediterranean tourist destination characterised by mass tourism and high seasonality. The research was based on a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, including a literature review, semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders’ representatives and a tourists' attitudes survey. The conducted research indicated that the current pandemic could be seen also as an opportunity for all key stakeholders to reflect on the sustainability of the existing tourism practices and develop products which will be more nature-friendly and respond to new needs and expectations of changing tourist demand. The new, more sustainable, post-pandemic model of participatory governance in cultural and tourism development should involve all interested stakeholders, by developing a distinctive offer for special interest tourist segments which could disperse demand in time and space and prolong the tourism season.

The aim of this study is to analyze the potential of the local wisdom in Desa Wisata Wates Jaya which can be developed into attractions in cultural and gastronomic tourism packages. Furthermore, the design of the right development model is also carried out so that the development of this tourist village can be more optimal. This research is a descriptive qualitative research with primary data obtained through observation, FDG and in-depth interviews with four informants as tourism village managers, village elders, and village culinary activists. The results showed that Desa Wisata Wates Jaya has many potential cultural and gastronomic tourism attractions which can be developed into a choice of tour packages as an alternative tourist attraction in this village. As part of special interest tourism, cultural and gastronomic tourism prepared for certain typology of tourist that is different from mass tourism tourist. Therefore, the tourism activities offered are more focused on providing experiences by engaging directly in local people's daily activities that are integrated with nature. For the development model, a modification of the Pentahelix model is designed in which the 5 elements are grouped into 3 clusters, namely the community/society and the government as the main actors, academics and business as supporters, and the media as supporters.

Balıkesir Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Konaklama İşletmeciliği Ana Bilim Dalı, Son yıllarda dünyada ve turizm sektöründe yaşanan hızlı gelişmeler ile birlikte, tüketicilerin seyahat trendlerinde değişiklikler meydana gelmiştir. Bireyler popüler turistik destinasyonlar yerine daha bireysel ve farklı deneyimlerin yaşandığı, özel ilgilerine hitap eden destinasyonlara yönelmektedir. Bu noktada eğlence ve korku temalı karanlık turizm destinasyonları, alışılmışın dışında bir seyahat deneyimi sunmaktadır. Türkiye’de “eğlence ve korku” barındıran karanlık turizm destinasyonları çok kısıtlı olup, genellikle korku evleri ve temalı parklar şeklindedir. Ancak her yıl Edirne’nin Keşan ilçesine bağlı Çamlıca köyünde düzenlenen Bocuk Gecesi, sahip olduğu korku ve eğlence temasıyla Türkiye’nin patentli ilk ve tek korku festivali olma özelliğine sahiptir. Dolayısıyla tescili alınmış bu festivalin korunarak devamlılığının sağlanması ve turizm potansiyelinin geliştirilmesi için yerel halkın ve diğer paydaşların desteği oldukça önemlidir. Bu araştırmada yerel halkın, Edirne’nin Keşan ilçesine bağlı Çamlıca köyünde her yıl Ocak ayında düzenlenen Bocuk Gecesi festivaline ilişkin algıları ve festivalden memnuniyet düzeylerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Ayrıca, yerel halkın görüş ve desteğini alarak festivalin mevcut durumunu ortaya koymak ve bu organizasyonun geliştirilerek daha uzun ömürlü olmasına katkı sağlamak araştırmanın bir diğer amacını oluşturmaktadır. Bu kapsamda araştırmanın örneklemi, Çamlıca köyünde yaşayan 18 yaş ve üstü bireylerdir. Araştırmada, tesadüfi olmayan örnekleme yöntemlerinden kolayda örnekleme yöntemi seçilerek, 249 kişiye bir kısmı çevrimiçi bir kısmı ise yüz yüze olmak üzere anket uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler faktör analizi, regresyon analizi ve farklılık analizleri yapılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, katılımcılar Bocuk Gecesi’nin en fazla bireysel, kentsel ve sosyo-kültürel etkilerini olumlu algılamaktadır. Kentsel, bireysel ve ekonomik faktörlerin yerel halkın festival memnuniyet düzeylerini etkileyen en önemli faktörler olduğu da tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca katılımcıların büyük çoğunluğunun (%91,4) Çamlıca köyünde Bocuk Gecesi düzenlenmesinden memnun olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Araştırmada, yerel halkın görüşlerinin de bu sürece dâhil edilerek, Bocuk Gecesi’nin turizm potansiyelinin geliştirilmesi ve devamlılığının sağlanması için çeşitli öneriler sunulmuştur., In recent years, with the rapid developments in the world and in the tourism sector, changes have occurred in the travel trends of consumers. Instead of popular touristic destinations, individuals tend towards destinations that appeal to their special interests, where more individual and different experiences are experienced. At this point, entertainment and horror themed dark tourism destinations offer an unusual travel experience. Dark tourism destinations that host “entertainment and fear” in Turkey are very limited, usually in the form of horror houses and theme parks. However, Bocuk Night, which is held every year in Çamlıca village of Keşan district of Edirne, has the distinction of being Turkey's first and only patented horror festival with its fear and entertainment theme. Therefore, the support of the local people and other stakeholders is very important for the preservation and continuity of this registered festival and for the development of its tourism potential. In this research, it is aimed to determine the perceptions and satisfaction levels of the local people about the Bocuk Night festival, which is held every year in January in Çamlıca village of Edirne's Keşan district. In addition, another aim of the research is to reveal the current status of the festival by receiving the opinions and support of the local people and to contribute to the development of this organization and its longevity. In this context, the sample of the research is individuals aged 18 and over living in Çamlıca village. In the study, convenience sampling method was chosen from the non-random sampling methods, and a questionnaire was applied to 249 people, some online and some face-to-face. The data obtained were evaluated by factor analysis, regression analysis and difference analysis. According to the results of the research, the participants perceive the most positive individual, urban and socio cultural effects of Bocuk Night. It has also been determined that urban, individual and economic factors are the most important factors affecting the festival satisfaction levels of the local people. In addition, it was concluded that the majority of the participants (91.4%) were satisfied with the Bocuk Night in Çamlıca village. In the research, various suggestions have been presented for the development and continuity of the tourism potential of Bocuk Night by including the views of the local people in this process.

Η παρούσα εργασία πραγματεύεται ζητήματα σχετικά με το λογοτεχνικό τουρισμό. Γίνεται αναφορά στο φαινόμενο του τουρισμού και ιδιαίτερα στον τουρισμό ειδικού ενδιαφέροντος. Αναλύεται ο λογοτεχνικός τουρισμός και παρουσιάζονται τρεις δημοφιλείς λογοτεχνικές διαδρομές ως καλές πρακτικές. Στο τελευταίο μέρος της εργασίας προτείνεται μια λογοτεχνική διαδρομή στην Κεφαλονιά, με βάση το βραβευμένο μυθιστόρημα «Το Μαντολίνο του Λοχαγού Κορέλι» του Louis de Bernieres. Η εργασία έχει σκοπό να αναγνωρίσει τις προοπτικές ανάπτυξης της συγκεκριμένης μορφής τουρισμού διεθνώς και ειδικότερα στην Ελλάδα, να προσδιορίσει τα ιδιαίτερα γνωρίσματα του λογοτεχνικού τουρισμού που τον καθιστούν ξεχωριστό σε σχέση με οποιαδήποτε άλλη μορφή τουρισμού και να προτείνει μια λογοτεχνική διαδρομή στην Ελλάδα που θα αποτελέσει πόλο έλξης για τους τουρίστες και μοχλό ανάπτυξης για την τοπική κοινωνία. Τα αποτελέσματα δείχνουν ότι, ο λογοτεχνικός τουρισμός για πολλές χώρες του κόσμου αποτελεί μια ανερχόμενη τάση της τουριστικής βιομηχανίας. Στην Ελλάδα ακόμη γίνονται τα πρώτα βήματα προς την ανάπτυξη του λογοτεχνικού τουρισμού. Παρά το γεγονός πως υπάρχει η βάση για να αναπτυχθεί στη χώρα ο λογοτεχνικός τουρισμός, οι εθνικές τουριστικές πολιτικές δεν έχουν δώσει έμφαση σε αυτή τη μορφή τουρισμού. Συμπεραίνεται ότι, ο λογοτεχνικός τουρισμός μπορεί να αποτελέσει μέρος της στρατηγικής της χώρας για την ανάπτυξη τουρισμού δώδεκα μήνες το χρόνο, που αποτελεί και προτεραιότητα της εθνικής πολιτικής. Απαιτείται σχεδιασμός και προώθηση αυτής της μορφής στις τοποθεσίες που ενδείκνυνται για λογοτεχνικό τουρισμό., This diploma thesis deals with issues related to literary tourism. Reference is made to the conceptual content of tourism and special interest tourism. The concept of literary tourism is analyzed and three popular literary routes indicated as good practices are presented. In the last part of the diploma thesis, a literary route in Greece is suggested, based on the award winning novel “Captain Corelli’s Mandolin” written by Louis de Bernieres. The scope of this diploma thesis is to recognize the development prospects of this form of tourism internationally and especially in Greece, to identify the particular features of literary tourism that make it special in relation to any other form of tourism and to propose a literary route in Greece that will attract tourists and will be a driver of local growth. The results show that literary tourism, for many countries of the world, constitutes a rising trend in the tourism industry. In Greece, the first steps are still being taken towards the development of literary tourism. Despite the fact that there is a basis in the country for the development of literary tourism, national tourism policies have not put an emphasis on this form of tourism. It is concluded that literary tourism can be part of the country's strategy for the development of tourism twelve months a year, which is also a priority of our national policy. What is required is planning and promotion of this form of tourism in places that are appropriate for literary tourism.

Turizam je dinamična, interaktivna kategorija koja se konstantno razvija. Mjerilo razvijenosti turizma prestaje biti isključivo broj noćenja i prihod države, već se puno očekuje od kvalitete, raznolikosti i specifičnosti turističke ponude. Novi turist je istraživač i teži otkrivanju nepoznatog, jedinstvenim iskustvima i izvornim doživljajima koji još nisu turistički komodificirani. Prilagodba suvremenim trendovima u turizmu jedini je način na koji nositelji turističke ponude mogu napredovati i unapređivati svoju destinaciju. Ostvarivanje koristi i minimiziranje negativnih utjecaja na lokalnu zajednicu jedan je od ključnih elemenata u održivom planiranju razvoja turizma. Održivost kao pojam je postala jednom od vodećih pretpostavki budućeg razvoja u gotovo svim sferama života. Održivi razvoj općenito, a u okviru njega i održivi razvoj turizma temelji se na ideji ˝Misli globalno, djeluj lokalno˝. Najupečatljiviji doživljaji su oni koji omogućavaju aktivno uključivanje potrošača u neki događaj i njihovu potpunu zaokupljenost tim događajem. S tog aspekta je u studiji slučaja predstavljen jedan proizvod inovativnog doživljaja outdoor turizma, odnosno cikloturistički proizvod koji udovoljava svim načelima održivosti ali i ostalim potrebama suvremenog turista. Tourism is a dynamic, interactive category that continuously evolves. The measure of tourism development level is no longer the number of overnights and total income but there are increased demands on quality, diversity, and uniqueness of tourist offer. New tourist is an explorer and seeks to find the unknown, unique and authentic experiences that are still not touristically commodified. Adjustment to contemporary trends in tourism is the only way to enable the progress and evolvement of the destination. Assuring benefits and minimizing negative influences on the local community is one of the key elements in sustainable tourism development. Sustainability as such had become one of the primary predispositions of future development in all life aspects. The motto of sustainable development is ˝Think global, act local˝. Most memorable experiences are the ones that enable the active participation of all participants. Considering this aspect, during the case study an innovative outdoor experience is presented; a cycling tourism product that follows all sustainability principles but contemporary tourist needs as well.