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In this proposed work, water leakage detection in Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipes has been investigated using a ring filter connected to log-periodic feedlines (LPF). The proposed filter has a well-structured ring design to adjust the PVC pipes and operates between 0.3 GHz & 0.7 GHz. Using a signal generator & analyzer, attenuation measurements are obtained to analyze the impact of water leakage. PVC pipes with varying diameters (3 inches, 2 inches, 1.5 inches, & 1 inch) are connected with water stoppers to control the water flow during experiments. The leak is contained within a plastic tub to make measurements easier. Results show a good connection between attenuation & water level for all pipe diameters, supporting the LPF-based ring filter's effectiveness as a leakage detector. An analogous circuit model is created to evaluate the filter's performance further. At the same time, the resonant parameters, such as Q-factors & resonant frequencies, are retrieved from S 21 magnitude measurements in the operating frequency range. The proposed methodology is shown to be accurate & reliable, offering significant potential for water leakage detection in PVC pipe systems. By accurately detecting water leakage, this technology enables prompt repairs, reducing water loss & associated costs, enhancing water infrastructure, and promoting sustainable water management. • Novel log periodic feedlines-based ring filter detects water leakage in PVC pipes. • Resonant frequency adapt to water level changes, ensuring a reliable sensing system. • The filter is insensitive to vertical positioning errors at different heights of pipes. • Attenuation of varying pipe diameters shows consistent effectiveness of the filter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Click chemistry, involving carbon-hetero bond formation, is gaining global attention due to its high reaction rate, good functional-group tolerance, and high product yield. Click chemistry has effectively demonstrated its broad variety of applications in numerous disciplines that are helpful to mankind. Most crucially, click chemistry has made it feasible to synthesize different fluorescence emitting polymers, bioimage essential biomolecules, detect dangerous ions, and visualize cancer and other different cell lines. Additionally, the adaptability of 1,2,3-triazole-containing molecules as pharmaceutically active substances has made it possible to synthesize a variety of 1,2,3-triazole-containing medicinal compounds with good product yield and under mild reaction conditions. Today's click chemistry has helped scientists in fluorescence imaging, one of the most popular and successful methods for studying the quantitative behavior of biomolecules in living cells, tissues, and animals. Furthermore, click chemistry's straightforward methodology and quick incubation time period have made Cu(II) detection conceivable as an on-site testing procedure. As a result, the study intends to cover a variety of click chemistry applications in order to aid scientists in their future research. [Display omitted] • Approach of click chemistry discussed. • Synthesis of fluorescent materials by click chemistry. • Click chemistry in the detection of Cu(II) ions. • Applications of Click chemistry in bioimaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A multifunctional self-assembled dual-chemosensor DTS was synthesized and used for optical and microstructural based discrimination of Hg 2+ , CN − ions and Hg(CN) 2 ion-pair. The addition of Hg 2+ ions to the CH 3 CN solution of DTS promotes the ESIPT phenomena (emission peak at 458 nm red shifted to 510 nm; increase in absorption between 400 and 480 nm), followed by cyclization (guanylation) reaction with concomitant desulfurization (decrease of emission intensity at 510 nm and minor increase at 410 nm; increase and decrease in absorbance intensity at 270 and 325 nm, respectively). In contrast, CN − induced deprotonation in DTS results in simultaneous decrease in absorbance at 310 nm and increase in absorbance at 385 nm and 425–475 nm and fluorescence enhancement at λ em 452 nm. On the addition of Hg(CN) 2 ion pair, DTS shows apparent effect of both Hg 2+ and CN − ions. The mechanism of interaction of DTS with Hg 2+ , CN − and Hg(CN) 2 has been established by detailed 1 H NMR and ESI–MS studies. DTS in CH 3 CN shows flake like morphology which undergoes analyte induced self-assembly to form a bunch of nanorods with Hg 2+ ; segregated nanorods with curvy ends with CN − and spherical structures with Hg(CN) 2 ion pair. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The regioselective nitroso Diels–Alder (NDA) cycloadditions of 3-dienyl-2-azetidinones with nitrosobenzene to generate oxazine-substituted β-lactams in excellent yields are reported. The amidiolytic ring opening of the cycloadducts with sodium methoxide followed by iodocyclization using I2/K2CO3 etiquette to capitulate previously unknown, multisubstituted pyrroloxazine in outstanding yields is also accounted. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The regio-, diastereo-, and π-facial selective Lewis acid mediated Diels–Alder reactions of cis/trans-3-butadienyl-2-azetidinones with unsymmetrical dienophiles viz. methyl acrylate, dimethyl fumarate, and acrolein leading to the synthesis of diastereomerically pure and biologically potent 1,3,4-trisubstituted-2-azetidinones are reported. Theoretical calculations at HF/6-31G∗∗ and 6-31G∗∗/DFT levels have been performed to support the observed π-facial selectivity. The formation of diastereomerically pure ‘endo’ adducts is supported by the X-ray diffraction studies. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The chemo- as well as regioselective imino Diels–Alder reactions of 5-dienyl pyrimidinones with N-aryl as well as N-naphthyl imines in the presence of a different Lewis acid catalysts resulting in novel quinoline and benzoquinoline derivatives are reported. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The chemo- as well as regioselective aza Diels–Alder reactions of 5-dienyl pyrimidinones with N-arylimines in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst resulting in novel quinoline derivatives are reported. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: A facile single step synthesis of novel azocinone derivatives involving tandem [2+2] cycloaddition and Cope rearrangement in the reactions of cross-conjugated azatrienes with vinyl/isopropenyl ketenes supported by theoretical calculations is reported. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The present Letter describes the use of β-lactams for the synthesis of functionalized β-amino esters and their transformation to trisubstituted octahydroisoquinolone derivatives in good yields with an extension to their one-pot synthesis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The regioselective aza Diels–Alder reactions of isopropenyl pyrimidinone with N-arylimines in the presence of Y/Sc triflates as catalyst are described. An unprecedented oxidation of methylene to carbonyl occurred resulting in exclusive formation of 6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyrimidin-5-yl-4H-quinolin-3-one derivatives. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Cu(I)Cl promoted synthesis of N-propargylated-isatin Mannich mono- and bis-adducts with an extension towards the synthesis of N-propargylated-isatin-7-chloroquinoline conjugates was described. The synthesized scaffolds were evaluated for their in vitro activity against the veterinary protozoal pathogen Tritrichomonas foetus and cytotoxicity against human prostate (PC-3) cancer cell line. The preliminary evaluation data revealed the enhancement in the activity profiles with the introduction of 7-chloroquinoline ring with the most active conjugates 7a, 7c and 7d exhibiting an IC50 of 22.2, 11.3 and 24.5 μM respectively against T. foetus and minimal toxicity against human prostate (PC-3) cell lines. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: A convenient and unprecedented synthesis of functionally enriched octahydroindole-based scaffolds has been developed via inter- and intra-molecular amidolysis of C-3 functionalized β-lactams. The cytotoxic evaluation on oesophageal cancer cell line WHCO1 has revealed 7d as the most potent of the test compounds exhibiting an IC50 value of 12.97μM. The developed strategy further assumes significance as it entails the preparation of highly functionalized indoles without the aid of transition metal catalysis or pre-functionalization of substrates. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Assisted by PASS predictions, the antidepressant activity of 1,3,4-trisubstituted monocyclic β-lactams in seasonal affective disorders is described. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Graphical abstract Self-assembled fibre-to-disc fluorescent aggregates of coronene diimide were explored for tuning of their emission color, visualization of latent fingerprints (solution and powder dusting methods) and bio-labeling of HeLa cells. Highlights • Two novel coronene diimides have been synthesized. • Controlled transformation of fibre-to-disc-like aggregates alongside tuning of their emission color has been achieved. • Red fluorescent aggregates of CDI 3 show application in visualization of latent fingerprints. • For the first time CDI 3 were used in powder dusting method to visualize the latent fingerprints on porous surfaces. • CDI 3 was also explored for bio imaging of HeLa cells. Abstract Coronenediimide (CDI 3) forms long fibrillar nanostructure when dissolved in DMF. On addition of >70% water in DMF, CDI 3 undergo fibre-to-disc morphological transformation alongside onset of different emission colors in water-DMF binary mixtures. These self-assembled red emitting aggregates of CDI 3 applied for visualization of latent fingerprints using solution spray and powder dusting methods on porous and non-porous surfaces commonly found in home such as aluminium, stainless steel, glass, metal coins, compact discs (CDs), OHP films, ceramic tiles and paper sheets. In an attempt to explore the application of CDI 3 in the forensic cases, 2nd level of information was used for distinguishing different fingerprints from different subjects. These disc-like fluorescent red aggregates of CDI 3 were also used for staining of HeLa cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, we have designed and synthesized pyrimidinone-based dual chemosensor ( DPPA ) containing picolylamine moiety as binding unit. Investigation on the optical property of DPPA revealed fluorescence enhancement at 435 nm with Zn 2+ ion through binding with picolylamine and carbonyl moieties, while Cu 2+ ion was detected through fluorescence quenching at 425 nm and colorimetric changes at 350 nm due to complexation with picolylamine and deprotonation of amide NH group. The detection limit of Zn 2+ and Cu 2+ was calculated to be 10.04 nM and 34.1 nM, respectively. The Job’s plot showed formation of 1:2 and 2:1 binding stoichiometry of DPPA with Cu 2+ and Zn 2+ , respectively. 1 H NMR titration in CD 3 CN revealed downfield shift in methyl groups of N(CH 3 ) 2 and methylene ( CH 2 ) protons of picolylamine chain due to formation of coordinate bonds between Cu 2+ and DPPA , whereas only downfield shift of methylene ( CH 2 ) protons of picolylamine were responsible for complexation with Zn 2+ ions. The complexation mechanisms of DPPA with Cu 2+ and Zn 2+ were also supported by detailed theoretical calculations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nickel catalyzed [3+2] cycloaddition reactions of bis(methylenecyclopropane) with cyclic and acyclic dienophiles have been explored. The reactions resulted in the formation of functionalized cyclopentanes in good yields. The reactions were also explored under microwave irradiation for the first time to yield [3+2] cycloadducts in short reaction time and high yields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: A metal-free diastereoselective synthesis of novel 4-halo-3,6-di-aryl-2,6-diaza-bicyclo[3.2.0]heptan-7-one by intramolecular endo-trig haloamination of 3-amino-2-azetidinone is reported. The amidiolytic ring opening of diaza-bicyclo[3.2.0]heptan-7-one with sodium methoxide provides an easy access to previously unknown 4-halo-3-aryl amino-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid methyl esters in good yields. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]