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The case study evidence in this paper suggests that management of technological change is more complicated than the existing literature has acknowledged. Rather than merely introduce or not introduce new technology, managers have to choose between more or less advanced technologies whose implications are difficult to assess. Moreover, the choice between advanced and conventional production technologies seems to be influenced more by situational determinants than by the habitual actions of managers or changes in management characters. Taking these situational determinants and firm-specific critical incidents seriously is essential, especially for an understanding of why managerial actors alter their approach to managing technological change. By adopting a longitudinal firm-in-sector perspective to technological change this paper demonstrates how coinciding increases in material resources and competitive pressures encourage management to adopt advanced instead of conventional technology. To justify this argument, the paper compares two consecutive technological change projects in the same firm and describes the background of their profoundly different degrees of sophistication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What does it take for a small company from a small country to survive in a global market? That's the guestion Renova needed to answer, and sometimes answers are found in unusual places—like the bathroom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses life cycle analysis (LCA), environmental management systems (EMS), and a methodology for integrating them. It discusses LCA methodological options and it uses a pulp-and-paper plant case study to explain application of the methodology. Use of the methodology in assessing the environmental suitability of capital projects is addressed. As an introduction, it discusses aspects of EMS including ISO 14001, the basis of its design. It compares aspects of ISO 14001 and ISO 14040, the latter of which applies to LCA.

abstract Isabel Menzies Lyth's seminal paper on social systems as a defence against anxiety is so well known and frequently cited that it risks acquiring mythic or legendary status. But what explains its phenomenal influence? In this contribution I suggest that it is a model example of the psychoanalytic case study, deriving its power from a deep engagement with organizational particularities as a basis for general theorizing. Its continued influence depends upon the way in which it is used to conceptualize new organizational experiences. An example from an institutional observation undertaken as part of an advanced social work training at the Tavistock illustrates this. Institutional observation is one of a range of non-clinical psychoanalytically informed methods of training at the Tavistock, and in the final part of the paper I discuss new applications of Menzies Lyth's work that aim to illuminate the irrational forces shaping modern social policy. Death and anxieties about death emerge as a subtext of the present paper, perhaps reflecting the fact that it was prepared as part of a memorial conference to Menzies Lyth herself, and also that the paper taught us to think better about death as an aspect of organizational experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents information on various scientific research papers on oral diseases. "Oral Pemphigus vulgaris: a clinicostatistical review of 157 cases in Greece" studies the prevalence of pemphigus vulgaris in patients with oral diseases. "A randomized, double blind, placebo controlled trial of pentoxyfylline for the treatment of recurrent aphthous stomatitis" focuses on the effectiveness of pentoxifylline in the treatment of recurrent aphthous stomatitis.

The article presents abstracts on medical topics which include the case of unilateral tinnitis following dural puncture, acute postoperative pulmonary oedema induced by licorice root and total airway obstruction under general anaesthesia caused by avagal nerve stimulator.

The article cites five case reports related to contact allergy to moist toilet paper. In the first case a 45 year old man with perianal dermatitis and vesicular hand dermatitis was patch tested with the European standard series, revealing allergy to kathon CG. He was using a moist toilet paper which was suspected to have contained kathon and the moment he stopped using it he was cured. In the second case a 41 year old woman developed acute allergic contact dermatitis around the anus, which spread to the trunk, legs and face after twice using moist toilet paper.

The article presents a discussion of the "Semi-Mechanistic Modelling in Nonlinear Regression: A Case Study," by Katarina Domijani, Murray Jorgensen and Jeff Reid. The study raises an issue concerning the place of statistics in applied research, as well as detailing more technical, statistical matters. The authors present approaches to detect and remedy parameter identifiability issues in realistic but very complex nonlinear models.

The article offers several medical case studies including "Falling between the cracks: Falls risk for at risk stroke survivors returning home after rehabilitation," "Pushing post strokes does not always predict poor rehabilitation outcome" and "Long term survival of stroke patients following an inpatient rehabilitation admission."

The article offers several medical case studies including "Prehospital and hospital factors that impact on acute stroke thrombolysis," "Comparison of stroke patients treated with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator (TPA), during and outside office hours" and "Treatment of acute ischaemic stroke in China and burden of stroke in indigenous western Australians."

Copyright of Papers in Regional Science is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article presents the case study of a 81 year old woman who showed symptoms of grade III anaphylaxis with palmar pruritus, lips swelling and hypotension. She reportedly used a new toilet paper comprising of polyhexanide as disinfectant. She had a history of similar allergies and was unaware of such allergies and atopic disease. She underwent several skin prick tests (SPT) whose result was positive. The article discusses the role of polyhexanide as antiseptic used in wound dressing.

Cited documents are concept symbols, that is, authors cite works which embody ideas they discuss in their papers. Many documents are standard symbols for a single concept, but others are used in connection with multiple concepts. This study, which reviews such a case, reveals the cause of split citation identity: the use of the same document by different networks of researchers. In this case study, citations to a 1948 paper by Lawrence Klein and Herman Rubin are analyzed. The paper introduced the linear expenditure system. In the period 1974-1977, it was being used in connection with two different phrases and two different bibliographic references by two networks of researchers, on dealing with consumer demand systems and the other with the extended linear expenditure system. This article discusses the implications of split citation identity for the analysis of citations to individual articles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Moving beyond the extant HR implementation research that has often viewed the implementation decisions primarily as front‐line managers' (FLMs) prerogative, this article explores interactive processes involving three key actors: HR managers, senior managers, and FLMs. Drawing on a political lens, the authors find that the way in which FLMs enact HR practices depends on the relative power of the enforcing actors (i.e., HR managers) and the endorsing actors (i.e., senior managers). The study findings reveal that while the enforcers employ a range of influence tactics (e.g., legitimization, pressure, rational persuasion, and consultation) to facilitate strict HR enactment, the endorsers use counter‐influence tactics (e.g., legitimization, assertiveness, and inspirational appeal) in support of deviant HR implementation behaviors. Carefully navigating both sides' influence tactics in light of past involvement experiences, FLMs choose subsequent implementation behaviors accordingly. The paper makes a meaningful contribution to the HR devolution research by delving into relational power dynamics that develop over an early phase of HR implementation. The resulting theoretical framework provides novel insights into the reasons behind FLMs' divergent forms of implementation behaviors. It shows that the ongoing multi‐lateral interactions and political maneuverings involving HR‐related actors trigger distinct HR involvement patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The status of the protocols used for the management of dental trauma (DT) in the eighteenth and early nineteenth‐century is largely unknown. The end of World War II saw a tremendous resurgence of high quality research and the development of codes of ethics and publishing. The aim of this scoping review was to analyse articles related to aspects of DT published before 1945 in the English language. An expert group discussion was done to create an a priori protocol based on the PRISMA‐2020‐guidelines' extension for scoping reviews. A systematic search strategy based upon the Population (P), Exposure (E), Comparator (C), Outcome (O) and Time (T) was performed in five databases on 10 February 2022. Filters were used to identify the literature until 1945, and duplicates were removed. The scrutiny of the titles and abstracts and later the full texts was performed as per the pre‐defined eligibility criteria. The grey literature and archives of the English language dentistry literature were searched, and a reference search was also performed. A total of 13 studies were selected from the databases and 20 from the reference searching. The first reported article was from the year 1872. Two other case reports had been published by 1899 and three more before World War I (1914). The majority of the studies originated from the United States of America. Nineteen were case reports, five were original research articles, two were classifications and guidelines papers, and one was a review. During the period before 1945, 33 articles were published regarding DT. The articles were mostly related to the description of cases, although there were a few original research papers. A significant observation, contrary to popular belief, was the presence of articles related to conservative management of injuries to tooth roots and the dental pulp. A progression in terms of the quality of protocols over time was also observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Evidence shows that 20%–30% of patients who aspirate do so silently. Research to date has not demonstrated clear evidence to indicate which patients are at higher risk of silent aspiration. Our aim was to use univariate logistic regression analysis of retrospective case review to determine potential patterns of silent aspiration. Materials and methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 455 fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) reports. The patients were divided into four groups: G1 – neurological diseases (n = 93), G2 – head and neck surgery (n = 200), G3 – gastroenterological diseases (n = 94) and G4 – other patients (n = 68). Data included the occurrence or absence of saliva penetration or aspiration, of silent fluid/solid food penetration or aspiration, type of penetration or aspiration, occurrence of cranial nerve paresis, radiotherapy and tracheostomy. Univariate logistic regression was used to evaluate independent risk factors of silent aspiration in the study population. Three models with different independent variables were considered. Results: There is a statistically significant difference in the frequency of occurrence of silent penetration and aspiration within the groups (p < 0.001), with intraglutative being most frequent. Fluid and food penetration and aspiration correlated with saliva penetration and aspiration in all groups (p < 0.001). Cranial nerve paresis (IX and X), radiotherapy and tracheostomy correlate with saliva penetration and aspiration (p = 0.020 for cranial nerve paresis; p = 0.004 for radiotherapy; p < 0.001 for tracheostomy). One hundred and fifteen patients (45.81%) in the subgroup of patients with intraglutative aspiration had cranial nerve paresis (IX, X or IX–X). Conclusions: Patients who should be prioritised or considered to be at a higher need of instrumental swallowing evaluation are those with IX and X cranial nerve paresis, tracheostomy and those who have had radiotherapy, with saliva swallowing problems, especially after paraganglioma, thyroid and parathyroid glands and middle and posterior fossa tumour surgery. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS: What is already known on the subject: Clinical signs of penetration or aspiration include coughing, throat clearing and voice changes, while silent penetration or aspiration patients aspirate without demonstrating any clinical symptoms. The most common consequences of silent aspiration include aspiration pneumonia, recurrent lower respiratory tract infections and respiratory failure. Additionally, malnutrition and dehydration can be indicators of silent aspiration. Patients may unknowingly reduce their oral intake and lose weight. Retrospective studies have shown that 20%–30% of patients aspirate silently (e.g. patients after stroke, acquired brain injury, head and neck cancer treatment, prolonged intubation). Clinical examination of swallowing can miss up to 50% of cases of silent aspiration. What this paper adds to existing knowledge: Currently, silent aspiration is often discussed in neurological literature, but its applications to head and neck surgery are limited. In this study, we identify head and neck surgery patients who should be prioritised or considered to be in higher need of instrumental swallowing evaluation due to a higher risk of silent aspiration. What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work?: Post‐treatment structural changes can result in lower cranial nerve paresis (IX, X, XII) and face injury, in which vagus and glossopharyngeal nerves are injured. After tracheostomy and radiotherapy, patients with problems swallowing saliva need careful clinical examination, particularly cranial nerve examination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the abstracts of various papers which appeared in the journal Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. One of the abstracts provides information on a case study of phlegmonous. Another abstract focuses on an endoscopic aspiration mucosectomy. An abstract presents the interpretations and techniques of endoscopic ultrasonograpy for lower digestive tract.

Workplace case studies have been valued by some for their ability to advance theory while others dismiss them as little more than descriptive stories. This paper presents a detailed content analysis of case study articles to assess the relative balance between theory, conceptual analysis and description. Drawing on a random sample of papers (n = 173) published in leading journals, I find that fewer than one in seven are descriptive papers while only one in ten are theory oriented. Using three criteria, I identify exemplars of theoretical and conceptual analysis and show how these may be used to advance the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents abstracts of papers presented in the February 1986 issue of the Journal of Cutaneous Pathology. Some abstracts presented are as follows: The paper "An Immunophenotypic Comparison of the Lymphoid Infiltrates in Jessner's Lymphocytic Infiltration of the Skin and Chronic Discoid LE," by J. Ashworth, M.L. Turbutt and R.M. Mackie focuses on a comparative study of Jessner's lymphocytic infiltration of the skin; "Cutaneous Follicular Lymphomas," by C.F. Garcia, R.A. Warnke, A.J. Cox and G.S. Wood discusses 13 cases of cutaneous follicular lymphomas, which were evaluated clinically, histologically and immunologically.

This paper documents co‐participatory research with children in six primary schools in Ireland during the COVID‐19 pandemic. It explores the use of what we term digital dialogues with diverse groups of children aged 9–10 years as members of Child Research Advisory Groups. The paper conceptualises the digital dialogues as sites of resistance as well as constraint, empowering children to articulate their voices in relation to schooling and the pandemic, whilst mediated by power dynamics—between adults and children, and between children, in the articulation of those voices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To evaluate, retrospectively, the quality of previously published case reports in Endodontics according to the PRICE 2020 guidelines. Methodology: An electronic literature search was conducted in PubMed database on 12 March 2020, to identify case reports published during the last five years in the International Endodontic Journal and the Journal of Endodontics. For each of the included case reports, information regarding fulfilment of each of the items of the PRICE 2020 guidelines was extracted as '0' (not present in the manuscript), '1' (present in the manuscript) and 'NA' (not applicable) and translated into a score (percentage of items fulfilled). Additionally, the percentage of papers fulfilling each item was calculated. Results: Overall, 70 endodontic case reports were identified. The scores of the papers ranged between 56.41% and 79.55%, with a mean score of 70.26 ± 4.36% (SD). The percentage of papers fulfilling each item of the applicable PRICE 2020 items ranged widely, between 0% and 100%. The median of the percentage of all the items (n = 47) was 97.01% and mean 73.33 ± 36.28% (SD). The lowest scores were recorded for specific items in the following domains: 'Case Report Information'‐Items 6c, 6g–i, 'Patient Perspective'‐Item 8a and 'Quality of Images'‐Items 12c–d. Conclusions: Several areas with low reporting rates were identified in case reports published over the last 5 years in Endodontics. Authors should be encouraged to follow the PRICE 2020 guidelines in order to increase the quality and improve reproducibility of their case reports. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Contribution to the authorship, including that for case reports, should be appropriately evaluated. I have noticed a scarcity of case reports with clinic doctors listed as coauthors, prompting this investigation. I sought to offer suggestions on the possible reasons for this trend. Methods: I checked case reports published in the Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research, the Journal of Medical Case Reports, and the BMJ Case Reports. I identified case reports listing a clinic doctor as a coauthor. I consulted eight professors at Jichi Medical University to ascertain whether case reports from their departments included clinic doctors as coauthors and, if not, the reasons. Results: Among 65 case reports from Japanese institutes published in the Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research, only one paper lists a clinic doctor as a coauthor. Of 100 and 50 papers published in the Journal of Medical Case Reports and BMJ Case Reports, respectively, none listed a clinic doctor as a coauthor. Six out of eight professors admitted to never considering the idea of including clinic doctors as coauthors. Conclusions: The scarcity of case reports with clinic doctors as coauthors extends beyond Japanese obstetrics and gynecology, encompassing various specialties worldwide. Center doctors do not think of the idea that a clinic doctor should be a coauthor. A clinic doctor who transferred the patient should be considered as a candidate coauthor depending on his/her scientific contribution. Such an approach could foster an environment encouraging doctors to contribute to academic writing, regardless of their workplace. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In 2016–17 an important consensus was established regarding the use of the diagnostic label 'developmental language disorder' (DLD) to describe children with a persistent language problem having a functional impact on communication or learning and in the absence of any other biomedical condition. Despite this consensus, past research has revealed ongoing uncertainty regarding when to use the DLD label among speech–language pathologists (SLPs). Aims: In response to this uncertainty, a survey of SLPs was conducted aimed at investigating which types of clinical language profiles, and specific assessment results, were viewed as warranting the diagnostic label DLD. Methods & Procedures: SLPs were presented with 10 childhood language profiles and assessment results. Participants reviewed each case and described if they felt a diagnosis of DLD was warranted, which presented symptoms were consistent/inconsistent with DLD and if further information/testing was desired. Additionally, participants provided details regarding their personal diagnostic processes. Outcomes & Results: Results indicated a general consensus among SLPs as to when the DLD label should be applied. However, free‐text responses demonstrated considerable variation between clinicians regarding symptoms of importance, points of contention/confusion in language profiles and minimal assessment results viewed as necessary in the diagnostic process. Conclusions & Implications: This detailed look at the assessment/diagnostic process for DLD provides valuable insight into how to build further practice consistency in the provision of the diagnostic label DLD, especially in cases of complex language profiles and assessment results. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS: What is already known on this subject: The label DLD should be used as a diagnostic label to describe children with persistent language problems having a functional impact on communication or learning and in the absence of any biomedical condition. However, in current clinical practice, actual use of the label is inconsistent and SLPs face a number of challenges in diagnosing DLD. What this paper adds to the existing knowledge: This investigation provides clarity regarding which complexities in paediatric language profiles are most challenging for SLPs when determining if a child does/does not have DLD. Additionally, details regarding current assessment beliefs and practices are explored. What are the practical and clinical implications of this work?: By providing a detailed look at the diagnostic processes of practising SLPs, valuable insight is provided into how to build further practice consistency and confidence in the provision of the diagnostic label DLD, especially in cases of complex language profiles and assessment results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: In 2021, an opportunity arose to place four counselling and psychotherapy (C&P) students in three care homes across Greater Manchester as part of a 6‐week interprofessional education (IPE) care home scheme. Whilst, due to ethical concerns around confidentiality, the C&P students could not participate in interprofessional activities as intended, they still undertook their clinical placement in the home to provide accessible therapy support for care home staff. This paper aims at reporting on the varied factors that influenced the implementation of C&P student placements in care homes. Methods: At the start and end of their placement, four C&P students were interviewed about their experiences. We draw on data from these eight interviews and two reflective vignettes: one from a C&P student and the other from the C&P programme coordinator (C&PPC). Results: The data were thematically analysed, and two key themes and six subthemes were constructed. They broadly unpack the factors that facilitate and challenge the implementation of C&P student placements in care homes. Conclusion: This paper highlights the value of utilising care homes as placement sites for C&P students. We propose four key recommendations for future practice: (1) it is important to establish clear lines of communication, support and collaboration; (2) a dual‐space supervisory approach supports student learning in this "new" placement environment; (3) preplacement supportive frameworks are important to clarify initial role uncertainties within the care home; and (4) opportunities to provide therapy services should be well defined and referral processes put in place before the student arrives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A method is described that measures the 3D crosstalk spatial uniformity with high resolution. The resulting crosstalk maps enable a comprehensive statistical characterization of the display, and represent a useful visual assessment tool. A case study illustrates the advantages of this method compared to discrete sampling methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents abstracts on medical topics which include the importance of liver transplantation for the patients with end-stage liver disease such as liver failure or hepatocellular carcinoma, case study of a man who swallowed his partial denture and the study of endoscopic technique to evaluate the effects of washing adherent mucous off bumper.

Acknowledging the potential of system‐based design approaches, most international design standards for steel structures include preliminary versions of such alternative design methods. The Direct Design Method (DDM) is one of these approaches, which allows designing steel structures directly using advanced numerical analyses without requiring further member checks. This paper presents the DDM design (and verification) procedure and summarizes the key aspects of the advanced finite element model necessary for the determination of the system strength, with an emphasis on cold‐formed stainless steel portal frames. Through the design of two frames, the DDM design procedure is illustrated and the resulting cross‐sections are compared with those derived using the traditional two‐step design approach in the Eurocode and ASCE design frameworks. The results demonstrate that the DDM verification process is simpler and more direct, and that lighter structures are obtained when designing using the DDM for strength considerations. Finally, this paper also highlights that allowing larger deformations in the ultimate limit state design for the DDM does not have additional negative effects on the serviceability requirements if compared to the traditional two‐step design approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Donovan Royal Commission set new standards in evidence‐based policy making. The paper puts the Commission's research programme in its 1960s context of disorderly workplace labour relations. It reviews each of the studies, concluding that they were innovative and had a powerful influence over the Commission's recommendations. In retrospect, the scope of topics researched was too narrow to engage with major future challenges. That apart, the precedent of research based on case studies, surveys and historical analysis has continued to enhance employment‐related policy making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID‐19) is dubbed as one of the deadliest and worst global pandemics. Many pandemic policies and programs were implemented in different countries across the globe, including the creation of vaccines that would enhance human immunity against the symptoms caused by the virus. Since then, debates on vaccines have emerged, citing vaccine hesitancy often associated with certain factors like socioeconomic status, beliefs, and vaccine awareness. This birthed to an intensive call for vaccine literacy as an effective means of encouraging people to get vaccinated against viruses. This paper uses the Walker and Avant's (2019, Strategies for theory construction in nursing, 6th edn. New York, NY: Pearson) approach of concept analysis with the help of its eight systematic stages. Results showed that vaccine literacy was adopted after the concept of health literacy. It is defined as a process of providing vaccine information, building communication, and increasing people's engagement about vaccines. The identified defining attributes of vaccine literacy include 'health literacy', 'disease prevention', 'education', and 'immunization'. Vaccine literacy is considered relevant in the nursing practice as knowledge on vaccine literacy easily advances nurses' practice roles through vaccination education, creating developmental policies about vaccines, and prescribing immunization to patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the methodological approaches most commonly adopted in the scholarly literature on Massive Open Online Courses ( MOOCs), published during the period January 2008- May 2014. In order to identify trends, gaps and criticalities related to the methodological approaches of this emerging field of research, we analysed 60 papers selected across four relevant scientific databases plus one journal in the sector of e-learning that published a special issue on this topic. The emerging picture is that of a research field in its infancy, heavily relying on theoretical research and case studies, which is just beginning to identify suitable methods to deal with large cohorts of learners, very large amounts of data and new ways of learning. The state-of-the-art is also quite fragmentary, due to the different epistemological and ontological conceptions of the authors of the papers about the nature of the issues faced and the way they should be studied. In this paper, we compare the problems related to the definition of the methodological approaches in this research field with the Greek myth of Proteus, the elusive, multiform divinity whose wisdom would only be revealed to those capable of catching him. We therefore advocate the need for catching Proteus, that is, better identifying and choosing the methodological approaches for MOOC research as a condition for its development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Case study can be adopted when aiming to understand an individual's lived experience. Such experience produces rich and complex qualitative data for analysis, conducive to counselling and psychotherapy research. Furthermore, grounded theory (GT) can be adopted to produce a theory from qualitative data, fitting well with case study research that explores complex experiences regarding social, psychological and phenomenological processes. This paper aims to guide the counselling researcher to incorporate Strauss and Corbin's model into the main arena of qualitative counselling research. In addition, this paper draws on a multiple case study that adopted Strauss and Corbin's method and identified various phases in the GT process. The aim is to inform the reader how to put the iterative process and pragmatic theoretical sampling into practice to produce a robust theory from clinical case study data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this clinical paper, the focus is on the use of questionnaires in family therapy practice. Psychotherapy research has indicated that the quality of the therapeutic relationship is the most robust predictor of therapeutic change. While the therapeutic relationship is even more important in family therapy than in individual therapy, it is also more complex. As will be illustrated in this paper, questionnaires can be useful in clinical practice to deal with the complex alliances in family therapy. In this paper, we will introduce two questionnaires: the Worries Questionnaire and the Dialogical Feedback Questionnaire. As illustrated in detailed case stories, we use these questionnaires in our practice as conversational tools rather than measuring instruments. They serve as the starting point for the therapist's reflection and for dialogues with family members. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An abstract of the article "Video or Paper for Delivery of Problem-Based Learning Cases?" by Najia K. Ghanchi et al. is presented.

Background: Patients with schizophrenia present with both cognitive impairment as well as language difficulties. There are similarities in the language output of patients with schizophrenia and patients with aphasia, thus a differential diagnosis of patients who present with a question of dual diagnoses can be a clinical challenge. This case report highlights the importance of an interdisciplinary approach to a patient with schizophrenia who benefitted from intervention from both psychiatry and speech–language pathology services due to the patient's unique verbal output. Aims: The primary aim of this case report is to highlight the critical importance of interdisciplinary collaboration in this patient population. The secondary aim is to disseminate an interesting and unique clinical phenomenon whereby the patient demonstrated an awareness of two distinct speech patterns and the unique ability to 'code switch' between them, something not commonly appreciated in this clinical population. Methods & Procedures: This case report describes a patient seen as part of routine clinical care. Information shared was solely observational and involved dissemination of information regarding case history, assessment and treatment plan. No interventions were implemented as a part of this study. Outcomes & Results: Interprofessional communication was critical in order to diagnose a patient with schizophrenia with an atypical speech pattern. The patient's language output did not manifest as a true aphasia but rather as two distinct language patterns that the patient could use at will. This ability to 'code switch' between languages is a unique clinical profile that is atypical of patients with schizophrenia. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS: What is already known on this subject: Contemporary literature discusses the similarities between the language patterns of patients with aphasia and those with schizophrenia. There has been debate about how to classify and identify the mechanism of schizophrenic language. It is unclear whether the tangential press of speech in schizophrenia is a consequence of a formal thought disorder, or whether it constitutes an actual disorder or expressive language. Additionally, the mechanism for this speech pattern is not well defined in the literature as there is no consensus on whether it is a breakdown in linguistic processing or simply a patient's disordered thoughts being put into words. A less robust literature exists that suggests that there is a cognitive mechanism responsible for these speech patterns, as tangential speech has been linked to poor goal maintenance in other types of cognitive tasks. What this paper adds to existing knowledge: This study adds an important discussion about the critical importance of interprofessional collaboration when differentially diagnosing this complex patient population. It highlights the importance of the clinical exchange of information between the two disciplines of psychiatry and speech–language pathology about a patient population where clinical information is intertwined in the way described above. Regardless of the cause of the disordered output, what is lacking in the literature is evidence of how to address the complexities of the output of these patients and how to best manage the care of the patient. This study adds a practical clinical approach to collaborating on the assessment and management of this complex patient population. Importantly, it adds a description of a clinical manifestation of the language output of a patient with schizophrenia that we do not believe to have been previously published in the literature. What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work?: Implications of this study include a much‐needed shift in the field in two regards. First, to include this patient population in the groups of patients that can benefit from interprofessional collaboration for differential diagnosis and consideration for speech and language therapy. Second, it offers a practical clinical approach to inter‐professional management in this patient population, something the literature is currently lacking. Additionally, publication of this unique clinical manifestation provides foundational knowledge for other clinicians appreciating similar clinical patterns of language output. To our knowledge, this is the first published case in which a patient could volitionally inhibit certain speech characteristics and thus this case study may assist in future differential diagnosis of patients with schizophrenia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adermatoglyphia is a very rare autosomal‐dominant condition that is genetically inherited and causes an individual to be born without conventional ridge detail on either their palmar or plantar surfaces (the fingers and palms of the hands and the toes and the soles of the feet). While adermatoglyphia has been the focus of medical and genetic research, no previous research has been conducted with regard to the forensic recovery and identification of marks from an adermatoglyphic individual. By observation of ridge detail donated by an adermatoglyphic subject, the study uses different methods in order to capture fingermarks (methods include: inked capture, livescan (biometric) capture, cyanoacrylate fuming, ninhydrin enhancement, and physical developer). Unusually, the purpose of this paper ends up presenting a number of examples of an absence of evidence; unsuccessful attempts made to capture and enhance fingerprint ridge detail. This is determined over a range of standard means including "live" donations by the adermatoglyphic subject onto the Livescan system, and enhancements of latent donations. The subject shows to leave either insubstantial fingermarks with no detail, or no mark whatsoever. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The need for sustainable and resilient long‐term strategies for coastal restoration and development projects is largely the result of pressures brought by changing climate conditions and growing human populations along coastal boundaries. As anthropogenic impacts along our coasts increase, the demand for sustainable, nature‐based solutions (NbS) will grow commensurately. Trusted approaches are needed for successful implementation of NbS, especially in regions hardest hit by environmental changes. Nearshore strategies for new construction and protection of existing coastal infrastructure are shifting rapidly from hardened approaches to more ecologically aligned techniques that work with natural forces and enhance natural habitat. This paper highlights the benefits of living shorelines composed of ecotypic native plants, wave attenuation structures for coastal protection, and managed retreat to restore coastal environments while supporting and maintaining natural habitats. We review several NbS and present two case studies to illustrate the value of incorporating nature‐based approaches to vulnerable coastal environments and highlight the importance of maximizing synergies and understanding trade‐offs in their long‐term use. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2022;18:123–134. © 2021 SETAC KEY POINTS: Trusted approaches are needed for successful implementation of NbS, especially in regions hardest hit by environmental changes.Nearshore strategies for new construction and protection of existing coastal infrastructure are shifting rapidly from hardened approaches to more ecologically aligned techniques that work with natural forces and enhance natural habitat.This paper highlights the benefits and shares approaches of implementing living shorelines composed of ecotypic native plants, wave attenuation structures for coastal protection, and managed retreat to restore coastal environments while supporting and maintaining natural habitats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Children with speech sound disorder (SSD) are at increased risk of reading difficulties due to poor phonological processing skills. However, the extent to which children with SSD demonstrate weaknesses on specific or all phonological processing tasks is not well understood. Aims: To examine the phonological processing abilities of a clinically identified sample of children with SSD, with and without reading difficulties. To determine the extent to which the proportion of children with concomitant SSD and reading difficulties exhibited weaknesses in specific areas of phonological processing, or a more general phonological deficit. Methods & Procedures: Data were obtained from 157 school‐aged children (Mage = 77 months, SD = 7.01) in receipt of school‐based speech therapy. Approximately 25% of the sample was identified as poor readers, based on a standardized measure of word decoding. We compared the proportion of children who scored at or below 1 SD below the mean, or the bottom 16th percentile, on measures of phonological awareness, rapid automatized naming and verbal short‐term memory among those identified as poor readers and good readers. Outcomes & Results: Children with SSD demonstrated a range of phonological processing difficulties, particularly on the measure of verbal short‐term memory. No specific skill differentiated groups of children with SSD with and without reading difficulties; however, those classified as poor readers on the word‐decoding measure exhibited more widespread difficulties, even after controlling for language ability. Conclusions & Implications: Results support a cumulative risk model such that children with SSD and reading difficulties are likely to demonstrate generally poor phonological processing abilities. What this paper adds: What is already known on the subject: Children with SSD are at heightened risk of reading difficulties, particularly if their SSD persists into school age. However, not all children with SSD experience reading problems. Research aimed at determining which children are at the highest risk is mixed as to how best to identify which children with SSD are most likely to experience reading difficulties. What this paper adds to existing knowledge: The study used a multiple case study approach to determine if performance on phonological processing skills might differentiate children with SSD who were poor readers from those who were good readers. As a group, children with SSD exhibited poor verbal short‐term memory but relatively intact rapid automatized naming skills. No one phonological processing skill differentiated children who were poor readers from good readers. However, children with reading difficulties appeared to experience more general difficulties across phonological processing tasks, even after controlling for language abilities. What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work?: A single deficit (i.e., speech sound production) is not sufficient data to make a complete diagnosis or treatment decisions. Multiple sources of data, including several aspects of phonological processing, should be obtained to understand reading risk in children with SSD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) has gained increasing popularity in human society, and it is important to educate people about this emerging technology. Many countries have adopted school curricula to incorporate AI into their classrooms. However, developing tools for discovering AI concepts remains challenging. There are few studies on AI education tools, particularly in Thailand. Objectives: This study designs AIThaiGen, a web‐based learning platform for junior high school students that introduces AI concepts. It can communicate with remote hardware stations, allowing students to test their AI models in real‐world scenarios. Methods: A total of 106 students in 7th and 8th grade in Thailand participated, and a single‐group pre‐test‐post‐test research design was employed in this study. Pre‐post‐tests on the basic concepts of AI and the students' attitude questionnaire on AIThaiGen were used to collect and analyse data. Results and Conclusions: The results show that there is a significant improvement (p < 0.001) in the pre‐post‐tests on the basic concepts of AI, and the overall result of the students' attitude questionnaire on AIThaiGen is X¯=3.88, indicating positive outlooks. Furthermore, notable student projects are showcased, highlighting their ability to initiate new ideas for solving real problems after studying with AIThaiGen. Lay Description: What is already known about this topic: Several AI learning platforms with varying target audiences and presentations have been proposed in recent years.Visual programming languages are more suited to novice learners of AI. What this paper adds: This paper introduces an AIThaiGen platform that allows students to learn basic AI without prior programming knowledge.The AIThaiGen platform enables virtual and real hardware control for students by using their trained AI models.This study investigated students' attitudes towards learning AI programming with AIThaiGen and their comprehension of fundamental AI concepts. Implications for practice and/or policy: This study provides design ideas for creating an AI learning platform with a low entry barrier.This study highlights issues that one may encounter when using a web‐based AI learning tool in actual classrooms and suggests potential solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers several medical case studies including "The pooled analysis of stroke incidence studies in Australia and New Zealand," "Intraobserver and interobserver variability of transoesophageal echocardiography in aortic arch atheroma measurement" and "Current acute stroke management in China: Results of the Chinaquest study."

The article offers several medical case studies of death including "Dependency and health status 90 days following stroke in New South Wales," "High incidence of respiratory infection in nil per oris acute ischemic stroke survivors" and "Stroke unit outcomes in a large, Australian population in which acute stroke units are associated with improved patient outcomes for ischaemic stroke."

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In this paper the author pulls out themes that weave throughout the collection of papers. In particular, listening and learning become two "methodologies" of engaged, embodied, heritage praxis. Drawing on twenty years of work in heritage archaeology, the author attempts to recontextualize her embodied experiences of research and collaboration within the theorized frameworks and case studies found in the papers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many of today's building designs are created based on three‐dimensional modeling technology. Architects and engineers use so‐called building information modeling (BIM) systems to create digital representations of buildings. Inspired by the improvements in building construction projects, a Vietnamese construction project team decided to use the system to model a large‐scale bridge crossing the Saigon River in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. This paper provides an understanding of how the project team adopted BIM as the first BIM pilot project in Vietnamese infrastructure construction and analyzes the influence of institutional pressures. The findings reveal how the BIM champion of an international engineering consultancy led the project team to overcome challenges posed by local construction requirements and how the local partner adopted BIM technology under strict time and quality constraints. The case study presents an example for other infrastructure projects that involve BIM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The transnational adoption process includes a child assessment programme that evaluates children's mental and physical health to select and produce adoptable children. Based on ethnographic research conducted in 2015 and 2016, this paper describes in detail this assessment programme, which compares children to their global peers. Adoption agencies and Chinese social welfare institutions rank children by their likelihood of being adopted. The closer a child is to what is considered normal, the easier it will be for the child to be adopted. This socially and spatially shifting ranking of the children's normality enables the flow of children from societies that exclude children from families to societies that re‐include them in families. In addition to ranking the children, the process also involves further normalising them. This paper contributes to the geography of adoption by focusing on the normalisation process implemented to produce adoptable children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The conceptualisation of 'good' medical education research as hypothesis testing to identify universal truths that are generalisable across contexts has been challenged. Joining this conversation, the field of health professions education research is complex and contextual and there are ways of examining and reporting locally based activities and innovations, which can be of general value. This position leads to a focus on case study research (CSR), inquiry bound in time and place that generates thick descriptions and close interpretations to reach explanations. CSR has grown in sophistication in recent years and can inform practice and advance the science of medical and health professions education. The authors evaluated the current state of the science of CSR in the medical education literature by identifying and reviewing 160 papers. Most articles presented as 'case studies' were not in fact CSR. Moreover, most articles failed to go beyond a 'we did this' account. The authors explore definitions of CSR, and they examine dominant CSR methodologists, Yin, Stake and Merriam, and their respective approaches to CSR. They then set out some of the basic tenets of CSR (case definition, methods of data collection and analysis) and consider the logics of CSR (its structures, purposes, assumptions and symbols). CSR challenges are considered next (such as emic and etic perspectives; ethical complexities; generalisability; quality; and reporting and reflexivity). The authors conclude that context is a mechanism, which needs to be understood, and rigorous CSR provides the structures and criticality to do so, opening up new areas of understanding and inquiry. Embracing case study research has the potential to help us mature as a discipline and develop the confidence to embrace interpretive processes and resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the development of information technology, the Internet has become an important channel of public opinion for expressing public interests, emotion, and ideas. Public emergency usually spreads via network. Due to the temporal and spatial flexibility and the information amplification of network, the opinions from different regions and background are easy to be represented as network public opinion, and have important impact on social and economic life. Thus, studying the formation mechanism of network public opinion has important theoretical and practical significance. Taking the formation process of network public opinion under emergencies as the research object, this paper first identifies the key factors influencing the formation of network public opinion, namely the internal characteristics (include individual education level, individual stubbornness, individual initial opinion, and so on) and external information of individuals (include external information intensity). Second, information intensity is introduced to describe the influence of external information feature on the formation of network public opinion. Individual education level, individual stubbornness, and individual initial opinion are analyzed to describe the influence of individual internal factors on the formation, and then its model is constructed. Through the simulation experiments, this paper analyzes the influence of external information intensity, individual education level, individual stubbornness, individual initial opinion, and other factors on the formation of network public opinion. The simulation results show that: (1) the greater intensity of public emergency reporting causes the easier formation of network public opinion; (2) the higher individual education level leads to the shorter time for completing the final formation and stable state of online public opinions, and after the formation of online public opinions, the opinion of the event is mainly neutral; (3) the greater individual's stubbornness makes the shorter formation time of online public opinion. When online public opinion reaches a stable state, the neutral opinion group dominates and firmly controls the development trend of public opinion; (4) the difference of opinions among individuals is the most important factor affecting the formation of network public opinion. Finally, the rationality and validity of the proposed model are verified by a real case. Compared with previous studies on the formation mechanism of network public opinion, this paper divides the formation process of network public opinion into three stages: individual information perception, individual decision making, and individual opinion transmission. Meanwhile, the influence of individual internal factors and external information characteristics on the formation process of network public opinion is also considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Implementation science theories, models and frameworks help to address evidence‐practice gaps, which have increasing importance for dietetic practice. This paper aims to provide dietitians with insight into how implementation science can be applied to practice, using multiple 'real‐life' case studies. Methods: Three case studies were purposively selected across areas of dietetics practice to demonstrate application of commonly‐used implementation theories, models and frameworks. Reflections from the authors were provided in response to a structured set of questions outlining how the theoretical approach was selected and used, and considerations for future application. Within and cross‐case analysis was undertaken. Results: Dietitians used diverse implementation theories, models and frameworks to identify barriers and enablers, to plan for implementation, and to guide the selection of implementation strategies. Implementation theory was used to evaluate the implementation process in one case study. Cross‐case analysis identified that mentoring by those with implementation expertise, multidisciplinary implementation teams, and leadership and investment in research and translation at an organisational and departmental level as key enablers. Conclusions: This paper offers dietitians insight into how implementation science can be applied to improve the uptake of evidence‐based practices within nutrition and dietetics, and suggests that there needs to be investment in implementation science as a foundation science within nutrition and dietetics, including education, training and mentoring for dietitians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Despite the compelling case for engaging parents in speech and language therapy, research indicates that speech and language therapists (SLTs) currently have a leading role in the goal‐setting process of therapy for children with developmental language disorder (DLD). Therefore, we set out to develop a tool that aims to support the dialogue between SLTs and parents and enhance shared decision‐making about children's communicative participation goals. We used co‐design techniques with SLT–practitioners to include their perspectives throughout the design process. Although co‐design has been used for some years in healthcare research, it is still a relatively new research methodology in the field of speech and language therapy. Aims: To provide a detailed description of the co‐design process that led to the development of a physical artefact that can support SLTs to engage parents of children with DLD in collaborative goal‐setting. Methods & Procedures: The Design Council's Double Diamond model was used to develop a tool in co‐design, together with eight SLTs, who participated in all stages of the development process. Usability was tested in actual goal‐setting conversations between four SLTs and 11 parents of a child with DLD resulting in stepwise improvements. In addition, usability of the first and final prototypes was tested with five usability criteria that were rated on a 10‐point scale by 64 SLTs. Outcomes & Results: The co‐design process resulted in the development of a physical prototype of the tool called 'ENGAGE', consisting of a metal 'tree trunk' on which parents can stick magnetic 'leaves' containing potential participation goals for their child. The 'tree' shape represents a child's development and opportunities for growth. This first prototype received marks between 7.0 and 8.0 out of 10 on attractiveness, user‐friendliness, safety, functionality and affordability. After several iterations, there were significantly higher marks for attractiveness, user‐friendliness and safety in favour for the final prototype. Marks for functionality and affordability did not change significantly. Conclusions & Implications: As researchers we usually develop pen‐and‐paper tools, interview protocols, apps or questionnaires to support clinical practice. Including the SLTs' perspectives in the design process resulted in a tree‐shaped physical artefact that, according to the SLTs, helps to order information and encourages and guides their dialogue with parents. We strongly advocate the inclusion of end‐users in developing innovative user‐centred tools for speech and language therapy and we hope that this will become widespread practice. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS: What is already known on the subject: Collaborative goal‐setting is at the heart of family‐centred speech and language therapy. However, research indicates that goal‐setting processes for children with DLD are currently predominantly therapist‐led, instead of family‐centred. Reasons for the lack of parental engagement are that effective communication with parents throughout the goal‐setting process appears to be complex, and parents are not always invited and supported to engage in this. We used co‐design to develop a tool that aims to support SLTs in their dialogue about therapy goals with parents. What this paper adds to existing knowledge: This paper provides an example of applying a co‐design approach for the development of a shared goal‐setting tool for SLTs and parents of young children with DLD. The co‐design approach enabled us to incorporate needs, experiences and ideas of SLTs in the design process. We report the four stages in the co‐design process from (1) discovering the needs, wants and desires of the people involved, (2) defining the problem that SLTs experience, (3) developing several solutions and selecting the best solution, and (4) developing and testing the prototype. The detailed description of this process can add to an understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of a design process that includes the perspective of end‐users. The result is a physical artefact representing a tree, which aims to support the conversation between SLTs and parents about a child's communicative participation. Items describing facets of communicative participation are printed on 'leaves' that can be hung on a tree trunk by parents. The tree shape is a positive metaphor for the growth and development of a child. What are the potential or actual clinical implications of this work?: This study describes how SLTs can be meaningfully involved as partners in a co‐design research approach. Incorporating experience from clinical practice was highly relevant since our study aimed to create a solution that would support goal‐setting and service delivery by SLTs. We want to show that it is inspiring and beneficial for SLTs to partner with researchers in innovation of their own clinical practice and provide examples of co‐design activities that illustrate the involvement and influence of end‐users in a design process. Including the perspective of SLTs in the development of a new tool to facilitate the dialogue between SLTs and parents of children with DLD regarding therapy goal‐setting is expected to add value and enhance its implementation in clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Responsive, integrated and sustainable health systems require that communities take an active role in service design and delivery. Much of the current literature focuses on provider‐led initiatives to gain community input, raising concerns about power imbalances inherent in invited forms of participation. This paper provides an alternate view, exploring how, in a period following reforms, community actors forge network alliances to (re)gain legitimacy and capacities to coproduce health services with system providers. Methods: A longitudinal case study traced the network‐building efforts over 3 years of a working group formed by citizens and community actors working with seniors, minorities, recent immigrants, youth and people with disabilities. The group came together over concerns about reforms that impacted access to health services and the ability of community groups to mediate access for vulnerable community residents. Data were collected from observation of the group's meetings and activities, documents circulated within and by the group, and semi‐directed interviews. The first stage of analysis used social network mapping to reveal the network development achieved by the working group; a second traced network maturation, based on actor–network theory. Results: Network mapping revealed how the working group mobilized existing links and created new links with health system actors to explore access issues. Problematization appeared as an especially important stage in network development in the context of reforms that disrupted existing collaborative relationships and introduced new structures and processes. Conclusion: Network‐building strategies enable community actors to enhance their capacity for coproduction. A key contribution lies in the creation of 'organizational infrastructure'. Patient or Public Contribution: The lead researcher was embedded over 3 years in the activities of the community groups and community residents. Several group members provided comments on an initial draft of this paper. To preserve the anonymity of the group, their names do not appear in the acknowledgements section. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study aims to explore the forms paternalistic communication can take in doctor–patient interactions and how they should be considered from a normative perspective. In contemporary philosophical debate, the problem with paternalism is often perceived as either undermining autonomy (the autonomy problem) or the paternalist viewing their judgment as superior (the superiority problem). In either case, paternalism is problematized mainly in a general, theoretical sense. In contrast, this paper investigates specific doctor–patient encounters, revealing distinct types of paternalistic communication. For this study, I reviewed videorecorded encounters from a Norwegian hospital to detect paternalism—specifically, doctors overriding patients' expressed preferences, presumably to benefit or protect the patients. I identified variations in paternalistic communication styles—termed paternalist modes—which I categorized into four types: the fighter, the advocate, the sympathizer, and the fisher. Drawing on these findings, I aim to nuance the debate on paternalism. Specifically, I argue that each paternalist mode carries its own normative implications and that the autonomy and the superiority problems manifest differently across the modes. Furthermore, by illustrating paternalism in communication through real‐life cases, I aim to reach a more comprehensive understanding of what we mean by paternalistic doctors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]