3,288 results
Search Results
2. Ethical Guidance on Family Caregiving, Support, and Visitation in Hospitals and Residential Health Care Facilities, Including During Public Health Emergencies: an American College of Physicians Position Paper.
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Dugdale, Lydia S., Esbensen, Kari L., and Sulmasy, Lois Snyder
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HEALTH facilities , *VISITATION in hospitals , *EMERGENCY physicians , *RESIDENTIAL care , *COVID-19 pandemic , *PHYSICIANS , *PUBLIC health - Abstract
Public health emergencies create challenges for the accommodation of visitors to hospitals and other care facilities. To mitigate the spread of COVID-19 early in the pandemic, health care institutions implemented severe visitor restrictions, many remaining in place more than 2 years, producing serious unintended harms. Visitor restrictions have been associated with social isolation and loneliness, worse physical and mental health outcomes, impaired or delayed decision-making, and dying alone. Patients with disabilities, communication challenges, and cognitive or psychiatric impairments are particularly vulnerable without caregiver presence. This paper critically examines the justifications for, and harms imposed by, visitor restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic and offers ethical guidance on family caregiving, support, and visitation during public health emergencies. Visitation policies must be guided by ethical principles; incorporate the best available scientific evidence; recognize the invaluable roles of caregivers and loved ones; and involve relevant stakeholders, including physicians, who have an ethical duty to advocate for patients and families during public health crises. Visitor policies should be promptly revised as new evidence emerges regarding benefits and risks in order to prevent avoidable harms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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3. The effects of COVID-19 pandemic on paper participation in national ophthalmology meetings.
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Toprak, İbrahim and Kılıç, Deniz
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COVID-19 pandemic ,OPHTHALMOLOGY ,POSTER presentations ,PUBLIC health ,MEETINGS - Abstract
Copyright of Pamukkale Medical Journal is the property of Pamukkale Journal of Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2023
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4. Retraction of scientific papers: the case of vaccine research.
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Elisha, Ety, Guetzkow, Josh, Shir-Raz, Yaffa, and Ronel, Natti
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PUBLISHING , *VACCINATION , *VACCINES , *SCHOLARLY communication , *ATTITUDE (Psychology) , *RESEARCH methodology , *INTERVIEWING , *QUALITATIVE research , *THEMATIC analysis , *POLICY sciences , *MEDICAL research , *COVID-19 pandemic - Abstract
The controversy over vaccines, which has recently intensified following the COVID-19 pandemic, provokes heated debates, with both advocates and opponents raising allegations of bias and fraud in research. Researchers whose work raises doubts about the safety of certain vaccines claim to be victims of discriminatory treatment aimed at suppressing dissent, including the unjustified retraction of their published research. Such practices have previously been discussed in other controversial fields in science (e.g., AIDS, the environment, and water fluoridation) but not in the field of vaccines. The purpose of this study was to analyze, for the first time, the subjective views of researchers whose papers were retracted. Study participants are active researchers, most with international reputations in their respective fields. They perceived retraction as a means of censoring and silencing critical voices with the aim of preserving the pro-vaccination agenda of interested parties. Participants also reported additional measures aimed at harming them personally and professionally. These findings point to the need for a fair, open, and honest discourse about the safety of vaccines for the benefit of public health and the restoration of trust in science and medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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5. Searching for evidence in public health emergencies: a white paper of best practices.
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Brody, Stacy, Loree, Sara, Sampson, Margaret, Mensinkai, Shaila, Coffman, Jennifer, Mueller, Mark Heinrich, Askin, Nicole, Hamill, Cheryl, Wilson, Emma, McAteer, Mary Beth, and Staines, Heather
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PROFESSIONAL practice , *PUBLIC health , *EVIDENCE-based medicine , *MEDICAL emergencies , *INFORMATION retrieval , *DECISION making , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *INTERPROFESSIONAL relations , *INFORMATION resources , *OPEN access publishing , *INFORMATION science , *COVID-19 pandemic , *DELPHI method - Abstract
Objectives: Information professionals have supported medical providers, administrators and decision-makers, and guideline creators in the COVID-19 response. Searching COVID-19 literature presented new challenges, including the volume and heterogeneity of literature and the proliferation of new information sources, and exposed existing issues in metadata and publishing. An expert panel developed best practices, including recommendations, elaborations, and examples, for searching during public health emergencies. Methods: Project directors and advisors developed core elements from experience and literature. Experts, identified by affiliation with evidence synthesis groups, COVID-19 search experience, and nomination, responded to an online survey to reach consensus on core elements. Expert participants provided written responses to guiding questions. A synthesis of responses provided the foundation for focus group discussions. A writing group then drafted the best practices into a statement. Experts reviewed the statement prior to dissemination. Results: Twelve information professionals contributed to best practice recommendations on six elements: core resources, search strategies, publication types, transparency and reproducibility, collaboration, and conducting research. Underlying principles across recommendations include timeliness, openness, balance, preparedness, and responsiveness. Conclusions: The authors and experts anticipate the recommendations for searching for evidence during public health emergencies will help information specialists, librarians, evidence synthesis groups, researchers, and decision-makers respond to future public health emergencies, including but not limited to disease outbreaks. The recommendations complement existing guidance by addressing concerns specific to emergency response. The statement is intended as a living document. Future revisions should solicit input from a broader community and reflect conclusions of meta-research on COVID-19 and health emergencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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6. Environmentally sustainable critical care: A call for papers.
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Baid, Heather and Sundberg, Fredrika
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SUSTAINABILITY , *WELL-being , *SERIAL publications , *PUBLIC health , *MEDICAL care , *CRITICAL care medicine , *PERSONAL protective equipment , *COVID-19 pandemic - Abstract
The article presents the discussion on COVID-19 pandemic highlighting the contributions critical care. Topics include intensive care units (ICUs) around the world suddenly inundated with patients who were critically ill from an unknown virus, along with all the other patients needing critical care services; and warrants consideration of energy, clinical supplies, pharmaceuticals, technical equipment and physical facilities.
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- 2023
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7. Effective health systems facing pandemic crisis: lessons from COVID-19 in Europe for next emergencies
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Coccia, Mario and Benati, Igor
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- 2024
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8. Trauma-informed responses in addressing public mental health consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic: position paper of the European Society for Traumatic Stress Studies (ESTSS).
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Javakhishvili, Jana Darejan, Ardino, Vittoria, Bragesjö, Maria, Kazlauskas, Evaldas, Olff, Miranda, and Schäfer, Ingo
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COVID-19 pandemic , *MENTAL health , *COVID-19 , *PUBLIC health , *CAPACITY building , *EMOTIONAL trauma - Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has changed life in Europe and globally. The pandemic affects both individuals and the broader society across many domains, including physical and psychological health, the economy and general welfare. The measures taken to counteract the pandemic have significantly altered daily life and, along with the threat of contracting the coronavirus and uncertainties surrounding future developments, created a complex system of stressors with a negative impact on public mental health. This paper aims to outline the ESTSS strategy to address mental health issues related to COVID-19 and focuses on (1) trauma-informed policies, (2) capacity building, (3) collaborative research and (4) knowledge-exchange. To facilitate implementation of a trauma-informed approach and appropriate measures, ESTSS has developed a toolkit of recommendations on mental health and psychosocial assistance to be provided during the different phases of crisis and its aftermath. To promote capacity building, ESTSS offers a certification programme based on a curriculum in psychotraumatology and corresponding on-line training to the European community of mental health professionals. To assure evidence-based approaches and methods tailored to current circumstances, ESTSS has initiated a pan-European research project with international cooperation aimed at studying the mental health consequences of the pandemic, with a focus on psychological trauma and other stress-related reactions. To foster knowledge-exchange, the European Journal of Psychotraumatology (EJPT), the official journal of ESTSS, is publishing a special issue on COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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9. COVID-19 Response of the Journal Public Health Reports (PHR), March 2020–March 2023.
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Harada, Noelle M., Kuzmichev, Andrey, and Dean, Hazel D.
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PUBLISHING ,PUBLIC health surveillance ,COVID-19 ,IMMUNIZATION ,SERIAL publications ,CONVALESCENCE ,PUBLIC health ,COMMUNITIES ,EMERGENCY management ,GOVERNMENT policy ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,HEALTH equity ,CONTACT tracing ,INFORMATION needs ,AUTHORSHIP ,COVID-19 pandemic - Abstract
Objective: Publication science is the scholarly study of various aspects of the academic publishing process. Its applications to COVID-19 literature have been limited. Here, we describe COVID-19 submissions to, and resulting articles published by, the journal Public Health Reports (PHR), an important resource for US public health practice. Methods: We reviewed PHR 's COVID-19 submissions and articles published between March 27, 2020, and March 27, 2023. We coded each article for article type, author affiliation, the categories listed in PHR 's call for COVID-19 papers, and the public health emergency preparedness and response capabilities from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Results: During the study period, PHR received 1545 COVID-19 submissions and published 190 of those articles in a collection, COVID-19 Response. The COVID-19 Response collection included 102 research articles, 29 case study/practice articles, and 24 commentaries. The corresponding author of more than half (52.1%; n = 99) of the articles was affiliated with academia. By the categories listed in PHR 's call for COVID-19 papers, 51 articles addressed health disparities, 38 addressed public health surveillance, and 34 addressed COVID-19 vaccination. By the CDC public health emergency preparedness and response capabilities, 87 articles addressed public health surveillance and epidemiologic investigation, 38 addressed community preparedness, and 32 addressed community recovery. The percentage of articles focused on policy/law was higher early in the pandemic (2020-2021) than later (2022-2023) (9.5% vs <3.0%). During the latter period, articles largely focused on vaccination (12.8%) and contact tracing (10.6%). Conclusions: Articles published in PHR 's COVID-19 Response collection covered a broad range of topics and were authored by contributors from diverse organizations. Our characterization of the COVID-19 output of a representative US public health practice journal can help academic publishing better address informational needs of public health responders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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10. Lessons from COVID-19 for future disasters: an opinion paper.
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González del Castillo, Juan, Cruz Martín-Delgado, Mari, Martín Sánchez, Francisco Javier, Martínez-Sellés, Manuel, Molero García, José María, Moreno Guillén, Santiago, Rodríguez-Artalejo, Fernando, Ruiz-Galiana, Julián, Cantón, Rafael, De Lucas Ramos, Pilar, García-Botella, Alejandra, García-Lledó, Alberto, Hernández-Sampelayo, Teresa, Gómez-Pavón, Javier, and Bouza, Emilio
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DISASTERS ,COVID-19 pandemic ,PUBLIC health ,MEDICAL care ,DATA analysis - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Española de Quimioterapia is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2022
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11. Global analysis of timely COVID-19 vaccinations: improving governance to reinforce response policies for pandemic crises
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Benati, Igor and Coccia, Mario
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- 2022
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12. Examining the role of community resilience and social capital on mental health in public health emergency and disaster response: a scoping review.
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Hall, C. E., Wehling, H., Stansfield, J., South, J., Brooks, S. K., Greenberg, N., Amlôt, R., and Weston, D.
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SOCIAL capital ,EMERGENCY management ,COVID-19 pandemic ,MENTAL health ,PUBLIC health - Abstract
The ability of the public to remain psychologically resilient in the face of public health emergencies and disasters (such as the COVID-19 pandemic) is a key factor in the effectiveness of a national response to such events. Community resilience and social capital are often perceived as beneficial and ensuring that a community is socially and psychologically resilient may aid emergency response and recovery. This review presents a synthesis of literature which answers the following research questions: How are community resilience and social capital quantified in research?; What is the impact of community resilience on mental wellbeing?; What is the impact of infectious disease outbreaks, disasters and emergencies on community resilience and social capital?; and, What types of interventions enhance community resilience and social capital? A scoping review procedure was followed. Searches were run across Medline, PsycInfo, and EMBASE, with search terms covering both community resilience and social capital, public health emergencies, and mental health. 26 papers met the inclusion criteria. The majority of retained papers originated in the USA, used a survey methodology to collect data, and involved a natural disaster. There was no common method for measuring community resilience or social capital. The association between community resilience and social capital with mental health was regarded as positive in most cases. However, we found that community resilience, and social capital, were initially negatively impacted by public health emergencies and enhanced by social group activities. Several key recommendations are proposed based on the outcomes from the review, which include: the need for a standardised and validated approach to measuring both community resilience and social capital; that there should be enhanced effort to improve preparedness to public health emergencies in communities by gauging current levels of community resilience and social capital; that community resilience and social capital should be bolstered if areas are at risk of disasters or public health emergencies; the need to ensure that suitable short-term support is provided to communities with high resilience in the immediate aftermath of a public health emergency or disaster; the importance of conducting robust evaluation of community resilience initiatives deployed during the COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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13. Editorial: Community series in mental illness, culture, and society: dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic, volume VIII.
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de Filippis, Renato, El Hayek, Samer, and Shalbafan, Mohammadreza
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COVID-19 pandemic ,MENTAL illness ,MEDICAL personnel ,MENTAL health services ,MEDICAL students ,OCCUPATIONAL therapists ,PSYCHIATRIC nursing - Abstract
This document is an editorial from the journal Frontiers in Psychiatry that explores the cultural and social implications of the COVID-19 pandemic. It discusses how different countries, minorities, and special populations have experienced and adapted to the pandemic. The editorial highlights various research articles that examine the impact of COVID-19 on healthcare professionals, students, trainees, residents, and special populations. The document provides a summary of these papers, which cover a range of topics including help-seeking messages, art therapy, mental health policies, behavioral patterns, medication trends, suicide rates, burnout among healthcare workers, and the management of long-term consequences. The document concludes by acknowledging the global impact of the pandemic and expressing hope for better understanding and addressing its challenges. [Extracted from the article]
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- 2024
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14. Features of databases that supported searching for rapid evidence synthesis during COVID-19: implications for future public health emergencies.
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Hagerman, Leah, Clark, Emily C., Neil-Sztramko, Sarah E., Colangeli, Taylor, and Dobbins, Maureen
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COVID-19 pandemic ,LEGAL evidence ,KNOWLEDGE management ,EMERGENCY contraceptives ,PUBLIC health ,DATABASES - Abstract
Background: As evidence related to the COVID-19 pandemic surged, databases, platforms, and repositories evolved with features and functions to assist users in promptly finding the most relevant evidence. In response, research synthesis teams adopted novel searching strategies to sift through the vast amount of evidence to synthesize and disseminate the most up-to-date evidence. This paper explores the key database features that facilitated systematic searching for rapid evidence synthesis during the COVID-19 pandemic to inform knowledge management infrastructure during future global health emergencies. Methods: This paper outlines the features and functions of previously existing and newly created evidence sources routinely searched as part of the NCCMT's Rapid Evidence Service methods, including databases, platforms, and repositories. Specific functions of each evidence source were assessed as they pertain to searching in the context of a public health emergency, including the topics of indexed citations, the level of evidence of indexed citations, and specific usability features of each evidence source. Results: Thirteen evidence sources were assessed, of which four were newly created and nine were either pre-existing or adapted from previously existing resources. Evidence sources varied in topics indexed, level of evidence indexed, and specific searching functions. Conclusion: This paper offers insights into which features enabled systematic searching for the completion of rapid reviews to inform decision makers within 5–10 days. These findings provide guidance for knowledge management strategies and evidence infrastructures during future public health emergencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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15. A scoping review of ethics review processes during public health emergencies in Africa.
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Orievulu, Kingsley, Hinga, Alex, Nkosi, Busisiwe, Ngwenya, Nothando, Seeley, Janet, Akanlu, Anthony, Tindana, Paulina, Molyneux, Sassy, Kinyanjui, Samson, and Kamuya, Dorcas
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EBOLA virus disease ,SCIENTIFIC knowledge ,PUBLIC health ,COVID-19 pandemic ,ETHICS - Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic forced governments, multilateral public health organisations and research institutions to undertake research quickly to inform their responses to the pandemic. Most COVID-19-related studies required swift approval, creating ethical and practical challenges for regulatory authorities and researchers. In this paper, we examine the landscape of ethics review processes in Africa during public health emergencies (PHEs). Methods: We searched four electronic databases (Web of Science, PUBMED, MEDLINE Complete, and CINAHL) to identify articles describing ethics review processes during public health emergencies and/or pandemics. We selected and reviewed those articles that were focused on Africa. We charted the data from the retrieved articles including the authors and year of publication, title, country and disease(s) reference, broad areas of (ethical) consideration, paper type, and approach. Results: Of an initial 4536 records retrieved, we screened the titles and abstracts of 1491 articles, and identified 72 articles for full review. Nine articles were selected for inclusion. Of these nine articles, five referenced West African countries including Liberia, Guinea and Sierra Leone, and experiences linked to the Ebola virus disease. Two articles focused on South Africa and Kenya, while the other two articles discussed more general experiences and pitfalls of ethics review during PHEs in Africa more broadly. We found no articles published on ethics review processes in Africa before the 2014 Ebola outbreak, and only a few before the COVID-19 outbreak. Although guidelines on protocol review and approval processes for PHEs were more frequently discussed after the 2014 Ebola outbreak, these did not focus on Africa specifically. Conclusions: There is a gap in the literature about ethics review processes and preparedness within Africa during PHEs. This paper underscores the importance of these processes to inform practices that facilitate timely, context-relevant research that adequately recognises and reinforces human dignity within the quest to advance scientific knowledge about diseases. This is important to improve fast responses to PHEs, reduce mortality and morbidity, and enhance the quality of care before, during, and after pandemics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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16. Researcher from Pompeu Fabra University Publishes New Studies and Findings in the Area of Public Health (Professional Public Health Practice in Spain - Insights from the Spanish Public Health White Paper).
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PUBLIC spaces ,COVID-19 pandemic ,PUBLIC health ,MEDICAL personnel - Abstract
A recent study conducted by researchers from Pompeu Fabra University in Barcelona, Spain, highlights the weaknesses in Spain's public health structures, which have been exposed during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study emphasizes the need for modernizing institutions and increasing funding for public health. It also identifies a lack of specific training for public health practitioners and calls for the development of multidisciplinary competences. The research concludes with 25 conclusions and 24 recommendations, including the importance of leadership and advocacy skills in public health practice. This study provides valuable insights into the challenges and potential solutions for public health in Spain. [Extracted from the article]
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- 2023
17. Making global health 'work': Frontline workers' labour in research and interventions.
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Kingori, Patricia, Kombe, Francis, and Fehr, Alexandra
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SOCIAL support ,SOCIAL workers ,SERIAL publications ,WORLD health ,PUBLIC health ,LABOR supply ,COVID-19 pandemic - Abstract
This Special Issue of Global Public Health draws on the concept of 'body work' among those employed to support operationalising, researching, and implementing global health while in direct contact with the bodies of others. This collection brings into sharp focus the specific forms of labour of those occupying positions as frontline workers - those who make global health work. Making Global Health Work includes authors from diverse backgrounds, disciplines, and geographies. Through compelling ethnographies, qualitative interviews, and focus group discussions, they explore 'body work' globally, including: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, India, Indonesia, Kenya, Malawi, Myanmar, Nigeria, Nepal, Pakistan, Sierra Leone, South Sudan, Tanzania, Thailand, The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), The Gambia, Vietnam, and Zimbabwe. These papers demonstrate that proximity to, and work on, the bodies of others engenders specific forms of (physical, emotional, mental, social, ethical, and political) labour, which occur not only in emergencies and pandemics, but also throughout the quotidian practice of global health. Making Global Health Work provides insights into the provision of maternal healthcare, treatment of multidrug resistant tuberculosis, rapid HIV testing programmes, sleeping sickness and polio eradication campaigns, mass drug administration clinical trials, epidemic preparedness and response, and the management and care of dead bodies. These papers argue for greater attention by global health actors on frontline workers in management of the complexities involved in making global health work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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18. PulPaper 2022 Enables Networking in June.
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RAW materials , *PAPER industry , *PACKAGING industry , *PUBLIC health , *COVID-19 pandemic - Published
- 2022
19. A Regional Comparison Of The COVID-19 Pandemic’s Impact On Income Inequality.
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Gupta, Sreya
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COVID-19 pandemic ,INCOME inequality ,PHARMACEUTICAL industry ,ECONOMIC shock ,PUBLIC health - Abstract
As of now, more than three years after the first case was detected, government measures against the COVID-19 pandemic have been abolished almost globally. Amidst the initial lack of vaccines and pharmaceutical interventions, governments were forced to implement various measures - usually those aimed at restricting population movement. These public health measures led to severe economic shocks, with inequality being no such exception. Hence, this paper seeks to dissect and discuss COVID-19’s impacts on income inequality on a global scale. This is achieved by comparing different regions such as North America, Europe, Australia, Asia, South America, etc. (eventually categorizing them into developing, emerging, and developed) and analyzing the trends they experience in income inequality along with the role of fiscal, monetary and micro-financial policies in helping those affected. Generally speaking, the results of our paper follow as such: income inequality (1) has decreased in developed/emerging nations, (2) has increased/been exacerbated in developing nations, and (3) has been heavily dictated by the fiscal, monetary and micro-financial policies implemented by governments to mitigate the effects of COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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20. Review of papers on COVID-19 in children.
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INFECTIOUS disease transmission ,COVID-19 pandemic ,HEALTH of young adults ,CHILDREN'S health ,YOUNG adults ,CHILDREN ,PUBLIC health - Abstract
A review of several articles on topics like the effects of COVID-19 to children and young people, the outcomes of neonatal coronavirus infection in Great Britain, and the transmission of the virus from children to adults are presented.
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- 2020
21. The first 10 000 COVID-19 papers in perspective: are we publishing what we should be publishing?
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Odone, Anna, Galea, Sandro, Stuckler, David, Signorelli, Carlo, and group, the University Vita-Salute San Raffaele COVID-19 literature monitoring working
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DECISION making , *HEALTH , *PUBLIC health , *PUBLISHING , *SERIAL publications , *INFORMATION resources , *ACCESS to information , *COVID-19 pandemic - Abstract
In the article, the author examines the articles published by various scientific journals about the COVID-19 pandemic to determine whether the appropriate topics are being tackled. Also cited are the countries with the highest number of published articles about the pandemic including the U.S., China, and Italy, as well as the recommended topics for the articles like the virus's genetic sequence, the origin of the virus, and whether asymptomatic patients can spread the virus.
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- 2020
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22. Counterpoint: Preprints and the Future of Scientific Publishing—In Favor of Relevance.
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Glymour, M Maria, Charpignon, Marie-Laure, Chen, Yea-Hung, and Kiang, Mathew V
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PUBLISHING ,PROFESSIONAL peer review ,SERIAL publications ,PREPRINTS ,COVID-19 pandemic - Abstract
Peer-reviewed journals provide an invaluable but inadequate vehicle for scientific communication. Preprints are now an essential complement to peer-reviewed publications. Eschewing preprints will slow scientific progress and reduce the public health impact of epidemiologic research. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic highlighted long-standing limitations of the peer-review process. Preprint servers, such as bioRxiv and medRxiv, served as crucial venues to rapidly disseminate research and provide detailed backup to sound-bite science that is often communicated through the popular press or social media. The major criticisms of preprints arise from an unjustified optimism about peer review. Peer review provides highly imperfect sorting and curation of research and only modest improvements in research conduct or presentation for most individual papers. The advantages of peer review come at the expense of months to years of delay in sharing research methods or results. For time-sensitive evidence, these delays can lead to important missteps and ill-advised policies. Even with research that is not intrinsically urgent, preprints expedite debate, expand engagement, and accelerate progress. The risk that poor-quality papers will have undue influence because they are posted on a preprint server is low. If epidemiology aims to deliver evidence relevant for public health, we need to embrace strategic uses of preprint servers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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23. Scientists' response to global public health emergencies: A bibliometrics perspective.
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Wu, Leyan, Yang, Jinqing, Wang, Dan, Cheng, Qikai, and Lu, Wei
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WORLD health ,PUBLIC health ,BIBLIOMETRICS ,COVID-19 pandemic ,EDUCATIONAL exchanges - Abstract
The unprecedented COVID-19 outbreak at the end of 2019 has produced a worldwide health crisis. Scientific research, especially international research collaboration, is crucial to deal successfully with the epidemic. This article aims to review the response modes, and especially the international collaboration characteristic, of the academic community to similar public health events in the past. Based on relevant studies of four major public health emergencies in the past, the major public health emergencies were regarded as 'new knowledge' in the academic field. By using knowledge diffusion indicators, such as the breadth and speed of diffusion, and combined with the development characteristics of the event, this article explores the diffusion characteristics of the four major public health emergencies in the academic exchange system and then identifies the academic community's response mode to the outbreaks. In addition, the characteristics of international collaboration in response to the public health events and the impact of international collaboration on the academic community's response are analysed. Through the analysis of the international collaboration network, the cooperative groups and core countries in the research collaboration network related to the major public health emergencies are obtained. In terms of COVID-19, it is found that the response speed and intensity of scientists have been significantly improved, but more focus should be given to international collaboration. Our findings could be beneficial to both decision-makers and researchers in policy formulation and conducting research, respectively, to optimally deal with COVID-19 and possible outbreaks in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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24. Bioethics of pandemics and disasters within the context of public health ethics and ethics of social consequences.
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Novotný, Rudolf, Novotná, Zuzana, Andraščíková, Štefánia, and Smatana, Juraj
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BIOETHICS ,COVID-19 pandemic ,PUBLIC health ,MEDICAL care ,NATURAL disasters - Abstract
Introduction: Public health ethics addresses moral dilemmas arising from balancing individual healthcare needs with societal interests. Ethical considerations in public health during pandemics and disasters aim to reduce mortality rates and minimize social injustice through fair principles. Objective: This paper analyzes public health ethics and ethical values in allocating resources during mass casualty incidents. The intersection of public health ethics, applied bioethics, and ethics of social consequences (through non-utilitarian consequentialism) guides addressing serious public health challenges in catastrophic scenarios. The application of the given interaction is significant for professional medical ethics. Methodology: The paper employs inductive, deductive, and normative methods of bioethics and the methodology of ethics of social consequences. Conclusion: The paradigmatic disparity between the bioethics of pandemics and disaster bioethics lies in the fluid application of bioethical principles and the accentuation of utilitarian demands depending on the severity and scale of mass casualty incidents. Applied bioethics in crisis situations respects the approaches of public health ethics and attempts to increase positive social outcomes. The application of (scarce) resource allocation criteria and triage of patients is derived from ethical decisions beneficial to public health and lege artis approaches of medical bioethics. The paper presents professional and ethical criteria for medically inappropriate treatment within the framework of patient triage; we approach crisis ethics from the perspective of maximization of benefit. Age is not an exclusion criterion of acute healthcare provision in crisis situations. Ethics of social consequences as a form of non-utilitarian consequentialism allowing for social consequences bridges public health ethics and applied bioethics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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25. Mental health problems of frontline medical staff in the early stage of public health emergencies.
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Dong-Bao Wang, Jin-Bo Jiang, Hai-Jun Zhang, Di Wu, Ya-Hong Zhang, Long-Biao Cui, Jian Zhang, and Xiao-Hui Wang
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MENTAL illness ,MEDICAL personnel ,PUBLIC health ,PSYCHOLOGICAL stress ,COVID-19 pandemic - Abstract
In the face of the unprecedented public health crisis caused by the novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic, front-line health workers are under enormous mental pressure. This paper aims to explore the mental health challenges faced by front-line health workers in the early stages of a public health emergency, such as stress, anxiety, and depression. At the same time, the factors that increase their mental stress are analyzed, and practical measures are put forward to prevent and manage mental health problems, aiming at improving the quality of medical treatment during public health emergencies. This paper has some reference value for people engaged in mental health prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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26. Paperworld China Postponed Due to Public Health Concerns.
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PAPER industry , *RAW materials , *PUBLIC health , *COVID-19 pandemic , *TRAVEL restrictions - Published
- 2022
27. WEPACK World Expo of Packaging Industry Rescheduled to July 13-15, 2022.
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PACKAGING industry , *PAPER industry , *RAW materials , *PUBLIC health , *COVID-19 pandemic - Published
- 2022
28. A Scoping Review of Digital Twins in the Context of the Covid-19 Pandemic.
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Khan, Asiya, Milne-Ives, Madison, Meinert, Edward, Iyawa, Gloria E., Jones, Ray B., and Josephraj, Alex N.
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DIGITAL twins ,COVID-19 pandemic ,COMMUNICABLE diseases ,EVIDENCE gaps ,DISEASE outbreaks - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Digital Twins (DTs), virtual copies of physical entities, are a promising tool to help manage and predict outbreaks of Covid-19. By providing a detailed model of each patient, DTs can be used to determine what method of care will be most effective for that individual. The improvement in patient experience and care delivery will help to reduce demand on healthcare services and to improve hospital management. OBJECIVES: The aim of this study is to address 2 research questions: (1) How effective are DTs in predicting and managing infectious diseases such as Covid-19? and (2) What are the prospects and challenges associated with the use of DTs in healthcare? METHODS: The review was structured according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) framework. Titles and abstracts of references in PubMed, IEEE Xplore, Scopus, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar were searched using selected keywords (relating to digital twins, healthcare and Covid-19). The papers were screened in accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria so that all papers published in English relating to the use of digital twins in healthcare were included. A narrative synthesis was used to analyse the included papers. Results: Eighteen papers met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. None of the included papers examined the use of DTs in the context of Covid-19, or infectious disease outbreaks in general. Academic research about the applications, opportunities and challenges of DT technology in healthcare in general was found to be in early stages. CONCLUSIONS: The review identifies a need for further research into the use of DTs in healthcare, particularly in the context of infectious disease outbreaks. Based on frameworks identified during the review, this paper presents a preliminary conceptual framework for the use of DTs for hospital management during the Covid-19 outbreak to address this research gap. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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29. A Global Overview of COVID-19 Research in the Pediatric Field: Bibliometric Review.
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Monzani, Alice, Tagliaferri, Francesco, Bellone, Simonetta, Genoni, Giulia, and Rabbone, Ivana
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COVID-19 pandemic ,MACHINE learning ,MENTAL health ,PUBLIC health - Abstract
Background: Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, a great number of papers have been published in the pediatric field. Objective: We aimed to assess research around the globe on COVID-19 in the pediatric field by bibliometric analysis, identifying publication trends and topic dissemination and showing the relevance of publishing authors, institutions, and countries. Methods: The Scopus database was comprehensively searched for all indexed documents published between January 1, 2020, and June 11, 2020, dealing with COVID-19 in the pediatric population (0-18 years). A machine learning bibliometric methodology was applied to evaluate the total number of papers and citations, journal and publication types, the top productive institutions and countries and their scientific collaboration, and core keywords. Results: A total of 2301 papers were retrieved, with an average of 4.8 citations per article. Of this, 1078 (46.9%) were research articles, 436 (18.9%) were reviews, 363 (15.8%) were letters, 186 (8.1%) were editorials, 7 (0.3%) were conference papers, and 231 (10%) were categorized as others. The studies were published in 969 differentjournals, headed by The Lancet. The retrieved papers were published by a total of 12,657 authors from 114 countries. The most productive countries were the United States, China, and Italy. The four main clusters of keywords were pathogenesis and clinical characteristics (keyword occurrences: n=2240), public health issues (n=352), mental health (n=82), and therapeutic aspects (n=70). Conclusions: In the pediatric field, a large number of articles were published within a limited period on COVID-19, testifying to the rush to spread new findings on the topic in a timely manner. The leading authors, countries, and institutions evidently belonged to the most impacted geographical areas. A focus on the pediatric population was often included in general articles, and pediatric research about COVID-19 mainly focused on the clinical features, public health issues, and psychological impact of the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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30. INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PUBLIC HEALTH CAMPAIGNS AGAINST THE SPREAD OF COVID-19.
- Author
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BEYARI, HASAN
- Subjects
COVID-19 ,COVID-19 pandemic ,PUBLIC health ,SOCIAL media - Abstract
The increasing spread of the Covid-19 pandemic is paralleled by increasing use of social media for general, positive or negative influences. A systematic review was attempted to evaluate the extent to which research has been done on the three categories of influence of social media and the nature of influence. A search of Google Scholar using the topic of the review itself as the search term, including abstracts also, yielded 32 papers, of which 30 were reviewed under the three categories. More than half of the selected papers were published on the negative influence of social media. Mis (dis) information dominated among the types of negative influences discussed. Many of the papers in all the three categories discussed a few factors related to the observed results. In the case of negative influence, suggestions were given to mitigate the negative influence. This research has implications policymaker and people/organisations responsible for running public health campaigns on social media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
31. JAP editorial 23.2.
- Author
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Penhale, Bridget and Flynn, Margaret
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COVID-19 ,SERIAL publications ,COVID-19 vaccines ,PUBLIC health ,VIOLENCE ,GENDER ,COVID-19 pandemic - Published
- 2021
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32. Islam and the COVID-19 Pandemic: Between Religious Practice and Health Protection
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Piwko, Aldona Maria
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Economic growth ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,COVID-19 pandemic ,050109 social psychology ,Health protection ,0603 philosophy, ethics and religion ,Islam ,Middle East ,Politics ,Political science ,Pandemic ,medicine ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Pandemics ,General Nursing ,Muslim world ,Original Paper ,060303 religions & theology ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Public health ,05 social sciences ,Religious studies ,COVID-19 ,06 humanities and the arts ,General Medicine ,Religion ,Policy - Abstract
This paper concerns a problem, the global pandemic COVID-19, which has influenced religious practices with respect to health protection across the Muslim world. Rapid transmission of the virus between people has become a serious challenge and a threat to the health protection of many countries. The increase in the incidence of COVID-19 in the Muslim community took place during and after the pilgrimages to Iran's Qom and as a result of the Jamaat Tabligh movement meetings. However, restrictions on religious practices have become a platform for political discussions, especially among Muslim clergy. This paper is an analysis of the religious and political situation in Muslim countries, showing the use of Islam to achieve specific goals by the authorities, even at the price of the health and life of citizens.
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- 2021
33. Sexual assault as a public health problem and other developments in psychotraumatology.
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Olff, Miranda
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SEXUAL assault ,EMOTIONAL trauma ,SOCIAL impact ,SEX crimes ,PUBLIC health - Abstract
Copyright of European Journal of Psychotraumatology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2022
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34. Viral times, viral memories, viral questions.
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Garcia-Iglesias, Jaime, Nagington, Maurice, and Aggleton, Peter
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COVID-19 pandemic ,PUBLIC health ,COVID-19 - Abstract
We started to develop the idea for this special issue based on a shared sense of familiarity in the early days of the pandemic. However, both HIV and COVID-19 are deeply implicated in global as well as identity-based health inequalities, as evidenced in vaccine distribution and morbidity and mortality rates. Ally Day's paper explores the making, in the midst of COVID-19, of a documentary film about a long-closed HIV hospice. [Extracted from the article]
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- 2021
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35. Pandemic policymaking affecting older adult volunteers during and after the COVID-19 public health crisis in the four nations of the UK.
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Grotz, Jurgen, Armstrong, Lindsay, Edwards, Heather, Jones, Aileen, Locke, Michael, Smith, Laurel, Speed, Ewen, and Birt, Linda
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DISEASE risk factors ,PREVENTION of infectious disease transmission ,MORTALITY risk factors ,POLICY sciences ,NATIONAL health services ,EXECUTIVES ,RESEARCH funding ,HEALTH policy ,MEDICAL care ,SOCIAL services ,STATISTICAL sampling ,INTERVIEWING ,DECISION making ,REFLECTION (Philosophy) ,COVID-19 vaccines ,SOCIAL change ,SOCIAL attitudes ,STAY-at-home orders ,DISCOURSE analysis ,TELEMEDICINE ,VOLUNTEERS ,AGING ,ORGANIZATIONAL change ,PUBLIC health ,COMPARATIVE studies ,PRACTICAL politics ,HEALTH promotion ,SOCIAL support ,COVID-19 pandemic ,PSYCHOSOCIAL factors ,OLD age - Abstract
Purpose: This study aims to critically examine the effects of COVID-19 social discourses and policy decisions specifically on older adult volunteers in the UK, comparing the responses and their effects in England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland, providing perspectives on effects of policy changes designed to reduce risk of infection as a result of COVID-19, specifically on volunteer involvement of and for older adults, and understand, from the perspectives of volunteer managers, how COVID-19 restrictions had impacted older people's volunteering and situating this within statutory public health policies. Design/methodology/approach: The study uses a critical discourse approach to explore, compare and contrast accounts of volunteering of and for older people in policy, and then compare the discourses within policy documents with the discourses in personal accounts of volunteering in health and social care settings in the four nations of the UK. This paper is co-produced in collaboration with co-authors who have direct experience with volunteer involvement responses and their impact on older people. Findings: The prevailing overall policy approach during the pandemic was that risk of morbidity and mortality to older people was too high to permit them to participate in volunteering activities. Disenfranchising of older people, as exemplified in volunteer involvement, was remarkably uniform across the four nations of the UK. However, the authors find that despite, rather than because of policy changes, older volunteers, as part of, or with the help of, volunteer involving organisations, are taking time to think and to reconsider their involvement and are renewing their volunteer involvement with associated health benefits. Research limitations/implications: Working with participants as co-authors helps to ensure the credibility of results in that there was agreement in the themes identified and the conclusions. A limitation of this study lies in the sampling method, as a convenience sample was used and there is only representation from one organisation in each of the four nations. Originality/value: The paper combines existing knowledge about volunteer involvement of and for older adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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36. Moving on from COVID-19 - not so fast.
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Nutbeam, Don
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COVID-19 pandemic ,PUBLIC health - Published
- 2023
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37. The rapid development of a virtual Children's Hearings System in Scotland: A realist-inspired synthesis assessing the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the participation and rights of children.
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Nixon, Catherine, Kurlus, Indiya, Hunt, Melissa, Deacon, Kirsty, McGarrol, Sarah, Lamb, Donald, Etchells, Helen, McNaughton, Lorna, and Henderson, Gillian
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LEGAL status of children ,HUMAN rights ,MATHEMATICAL models ,PUBLIC health ,CONCEPTUAL structures ,TELECONFERENCING ,COURTS ,THEORY ,EXPERIENTIAL learning ,DATA analysis software ,CONTENT analysis ,THEMATIC analysis ,COVID-19 pandemic - Abstract
Scotland's Children's Hearings System is a unique statutory system that makes decisions about the need for compulsory professional involvement in the lives of children who are maltreated, in conflict with the law or displaying alarming behaviours. It was designed to facilitate in-person, child-centred discussions about the measures needed to ensure the care and protection of children. The Covid-19 pandemic challenged the ability of the Hearings System to fulfil this role due to the physical closure of Hearings Centres and the need to rapidly develop a virtual system. In this paper we present a realist-influenced synthesis exploring how contextual factors such as public health guidelines, emergency legislation, technological challenges and wider structural inequalities interacted with the delivery of virtual hearings to affect the participation and rights of children during the pandemic. We also describe how learning from the experiences of the participants of hearings was critical to understanding how virtual technologies could be adapted to provide a more rights-respecting approach to participation. We conclude by arguing that there is a need to ensure that the voices of children, which are largely absent from discussions around the use of virtual technologies, are incorporated into decisions made about their continued use within Children's Hearings. Plain Language Summary: The Children's Hearings System is a legal system in Scotland that makes decisions about the care and protection of children and young people who are: being abused or neglected; in trouble with the police; or regularly truanting from school. At a Children's Hearing, specially trained members of the public decide whether to place the child or young person onto a Compulsory Supervision Order (CSO). This is a legal document that specifies what support should be provided to the child or young person, where they should live and who they can have contact with. Before the Covid-19 pandemic all hearings were held in person at specially designed Hearings Centres. All of these centres were closed at the start of the Covid-19 pandemic, resulting in a virtual Children's Hearings System having to be set up quickly. In this paper we describe the challenges of using video-conferencing software to run Children's Hearings. We explore how rules enacted by the UK and Scottish Governments affected how hearings could be delivered, before moving on to discuss how technical difficulties, lack of access to appropriate technologies and other inequalities such as digital poverty affected how children and young people could participate in their hearings. The paper finishes by describing changes made to virtual hearings in order to try and ensure that children and young people were able to participate in their hearings. In doing so, we highlight the importance of involving children and young people in discussions around how their voices can be heard, even in the context of a global pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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38. Workload, Job Satisfaction and Quality of Nursing Care in Italy: A Systematic Review of Native Language Articles.
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Serra, Nicola, Botti, Stefano, Guillari, Assunta, Simeone, Silvio, Latina, Roberto, Iacorossi, Laura, Torreggiani, Martina, Guberti, Monica, Cicolini, Giancarlo, Lupo, Roberto, Capuano, Angela, Pucciarelli, Gianluca, Gargiulo, Gianpaolo, Tomietto, Marco, and Rea, Teresa
- Subjects
MEDICAL quality control ,WORK environment ,NURSING ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,LANGUAGE & languages ,PUBLIC health ,HOSPITAL nursing staff ,EMPLOYEES' workload ,JOB satisfaction ,NURSING research ,INFORMATION resources ,INTERPROFESSIONAL relations ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,COVID-19 pandemic - Abstract
Nursing research is rapidly increasing, yet contributions from numerous countries that may interest the international nursing community are impeded because many research articles are published in authors' native language and not in English. The objectives of this work were to systematically review papers published in Italian related to job satisfaction and the quality of nursing care, and to discuss their findings in light of the international literature. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) method was used. The Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) and Indice della Letteretura Italiana di Scienze Infermieristiche (ILISI) databases were consulted for eligible studies published from January 2015 to November 2022. Two hundred sixteen papers were identified, 11 of which were selected for review: 8 on job satisfaction, two on workload issues, and 1 on quality of nursing care. The quality of included studies was assessed through the Effective Public Health Practice Project quality assessment tool (EPHPP). The results of our review were in line with those of international literature, and they can help to fill the knowledge gap on the quality of nursing performance in Italian care settings. In addition, the proposed method can provide further elements of discussion among literature providers and reviewers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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39. Exploring Vaccine Hesitancy and Uptake during COVID-19: A Review of PM's Mann Ki Baat Dialogue.
- Author
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Dhawan, Veena, Dhandore, Suhas, Chakraborty, Ashish Birendra, Dhalaria, Pritu, Jethwaney, Jaishri, and Singh, Ajeet Kumar
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VACCINATION ,EVALUATION of human services programs ,COVID-19 ,ATTITUDE (Psychology) ,SOCIAL media ,PUBLIC administration ,PUBLIC health ,VACCINE hesitancy ,COMMUNICATION ,DEATH ,RADIO (Medium) ,COVID-19 pandemic ,PATIENT safety - Abstract
Public health programmes are interlinked and intertwined with communication, advocacy and social mobilisation for their success. The unprecedented situation created by COVID-19 brought a medical emergency all over the world, the like of which was probably not seen after the Spanish Flu outbreak, a century ago. First there seemed no solution in sight when tens of thousands of people lost their lives to the coronavirus in various countries, but when the vaccine arrived, there were, in general, doubts about its efficacy and safety. Indian scenario was not any different. When the government launched the vaccine in a campaign mode in January 2021, it was also battling with misperceptions and vaccine hesitancy. Prime Minister Narendra Modi took it upon himself to address the issue through his various addresses to the nation and his signature programme Mann ki Baat (MKB) on the radio. This review paper examines the empirical research on MKB coverage of the COVID-19 pandemic, the media multiplier impact of the MKB, people's voices through their engagement with various social media platforms, and what is the impact on vaccine uptake. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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40. Editorial: Long-term well-being and mental health in a public health emergency.
- Author
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Yao Jie Xie, Grace, Kennedy, Gerard A., Ho, Grace W. K., and Sampaio, Francisco
- Subjects
MENTAL health ,PUBLIC health ,MENTAL health services ,EMERGENCY nursing ,COVID-19 pandemic - Abstract
The article discusses the long-term effects of public health emergencies, particularly the COVID-19 pandemic, on mental health and well-being. It emphasizes the need to prioritize mental health in addition to medical concerns during such crises. The collection of research papers explores various aspects of the pandemic's impact, including the psychological effects of quarantine, the vulnerability of certain populations, and the resilience of individuals. The article calls for interdisciplinary collaboration and comprehensive mental health programs to address the mental health consequences of public health emergencies. [Extracted from the article]
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- 2024
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41. Free Papers Compiled.
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PUBLIC health ,CONFERENCES & conventions ,DISEASE prevalence ,ANXIETY ,PSYCHOLOGICAL stress ,COVID-19 pandemic - Published
- 2022
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42. Findings in the Area of Vaccines Reported from Complutense University Madrid (Covid In Pediatric Age: an Opinion Paper).
- Subjects
COVID-19 ,VACCINES ,MEDICAL screening ,VACCINATION of children ,COVID-19 pandemic - Abstract
Keywords: Madrid; Spain; Europe; Biological Products; Diagnostics and Screening; Epidemiology; Health and Medicine; Immunization; Immunology; Mortality; Pediatrics; Public Health; Risk and Prevention; Vaccination; Vaccines EN Madrid Spain Europe Biological Products Diagnostics and Screening Epidemiology Health and Medicine Immunization Immunology Mortality Pediatrics Public Health Risk and Prevention Vaccination Vaccines 2023 FEB 26 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Vaccine Weekly -- Researchers detail new data in Immunization - Vaccines. Madrid, Spain, Europe, Biological Products, Diagnostics and Screening, Epidemiology, Health and Medicine, Immunization, Immunology, Mortality, Pediatrics, Public Health, Risk and Prevention, Vaccination, Vaccines. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2023
43. What Are the Implications of COVID-19 on Breastfeeding? A Synthesis of Qualitative Evidence Studies.
- Author
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Antoniou, Evangelia, Tzitiridou-Chatzopoulou, Maria, Voyatzaki, Chrysa, Iliadou, Maria, Eskitzis, Panagiotis, Dagla, Maria, Palaska, Ermioni, and Orovou, Eirini
- Subjects
ONLINE information services ,PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,SOCIAL support ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,PUBLIC health ,BREASTFEEDING ,MEDLINE ,COVID-19 pandemic ,WOMEN'S health - Abstract
Introduction: Exclusive breastfeeding until six months of life is the ideal way to feed infants. However, there is a significant number of infants who have never breastfed, despite the beneficial properties of breastfeeding. On the other hand, the coronavirus outbreak had significant effects on people's health, both mentally and physically, and has also impacted the breastfeeding process. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the implication of COVID-19 on breastfeeding through qualitative data from databases. Methods: We searched online databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, PsycINFO) for studies published from 2019 to 2023. 'Out of the 2598 papers we found, only 12 were included in the review'. More specifically, from the 1558 papers remaining from the title and abstract evaluation as well as duplicates, a further 1546 papers belonging to our exclusion criteria were removed (all types of reviews, letters to editors, and quantitative articles). Results: Our results covered three subjects: breastfeeding support during the pandemic, effects of social containment measures on breastfeeding, and additional outcomes regarding breastfeeding. Most voices found the effects of the pandemic on breastfeeding beneficial, with reduced professional support and a high degree of support from the environment. Additional negative factors were observed, as well as consequences of the pandemic in women's lives. Conclusions: COVID-19 was the occasion to understand the power of the supportive environment of the woman, especially the partner, in establishing and maintaining breastfeeding. Therefore, policy makers and health professionals, especially midwives, should implement family-centered breastfeeding strategies that are more supportive of the partner role, providing problem counseling when and where deemed necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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44. Exploring the relationship between working from home, mental and physical health and wellbeing: a systematic review.
- Author
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Blank, Lindsay, Hock, Emma, Cantrell, Anna, Baxter, Susan, and Goyder, Elizabeth
- Subjects
HOME labor ,MENTAL health ,COVID-19 pandemic ,PUBLIC health ,STAY-at-home orders - Abstract
Background: Understanding the impact of working from home on health and wellbeing is of great interest to employers and employees alike, with a strong need for up-to-date guidance. The aim of this systematic review was to identify, appraise and synthesise existing research evidence that explores the impact of home working on health and wellbeing outcomes for working people and health inequalities in the population. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of qualitative, quantitative and observational studies. We searched databases, reference lists and UK grey literature and completed citation searching of included papers. We extracted and tabulated key data from the included papers and synthesised narratively. Factors associated with the health and wellbeing of people working at home reported in the literature were displayed by constructing mind maps of each individual factor which had been identified. The findings were combined with an a priori model to develop a final model, which was validated in consultation with stakeholders. Results: Of 96 studies which were found to meet the inclusion criteria for the review, 30 studies were published before the COVID-19 pandemic and a further 66 were published during the pandemic. The quality of evidence was limited by the study designs employed by the authors, with the majority of studies being cross-sectional surveys (n = 59). For the most part, for studies which collected quantitative data, measures were self-reported. The largest volume of evidence identified consisted of studies conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic which looked at factors which influence the relationship between working from home and measures relating to mental health and wellbeing. Fifteen studies which considered the potential for working at home to have different effects for different subgroups suggested that working at home may have more negative consequences during the COVID-19 pandemic for women and in particular, mothers. There was very little evidence on age (two studies), ethnicity (one study), education or income (two studies) in terms of moderating home working effects, and very limited evidence from before the COVID-19 pandemic. The concept of enforced working from home and having 'no choice' was reported in only one paper prior to the pandemic and two papers reporting on working from home as a result of COVID-19. However, the concept of lack of choice around working from home was implicit in much of the literature - even though it was not directly measured. There were no clear patterns of wellbeing measures which changed from positive to negative association (or vice versa) during the pandemic. Limitations: The quality of the evidence base was very much limited by study designs, particularly for studies published during the COVID-19 pandemic, with the majority of studies consisting of data collected by cross-sectional surveys (often online). Due to the rapidly expanding nature of the evidence on this topic, it is possible that new studies were published after the final citation searches were conducted. Discussion: The evidence base for the factors which influence the relationship between home working and health-related outcomes has expanded significantly as a result of the need for those whose work could be done from home to work at home during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our findings suggest that there are factors relating to the external context, the role of employers and the circumstances of the employee which contribute to determining whether someone works at home and what the associated impacts on health and wellbeing may be. Learning from the COVID-19 lockdown experience will be important to inform future policy on home and hybrid working. Future work: There is a need for better-quality studies of the health impact of home working, in particularly studies which recruit a range of participants who are representative of the working population and which are designed to minimise sampling/recruitment biases and response biases. Funding: This project was funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Public Health Research programme (project reference 18/93 PHR Public Health Review Team) and will be published in full in Public Health Research; Vol. 11, No. 4. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information. The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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45. Indoor Air Quality and COVID-19: A Scoping Review.
- Author
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Braggion, Axelle, Dugerdil, Adeline, Wilson, Olwen, Hovagemyan, Francesca, and Flahault, Antoine
- Subjects
INDOOR air quality ,COVID-19 ,AIR quality ,COVID-19 pandemic ,PUBLIC health - Abstract
Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has been a major public health concern for the past 3 years. Scientific evidence on the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and indoor air quality still needs to be demonstrated. This scoping review aims to study the association between air quality indoors and COVID-19. Methods: A scoping review analyzing the association between indoor air quality and epidemiological outcomes was conducted. Papers published between 1 January 2020 and 31 October 2022 were included. Hospital settings were excluded from the study. Results: Eight relevant articles met the inclusion criteria. Indoor settings included workplaces, schools, restaurants, and public transport. Types of ventilation used to improve indoor air quality were dilution methods (opening windows) and mechanical systems with or without filtration or purifier. CO
2 sensors were employed in one study. All the studies showed a positive association between indoor air quality and its improvement and epidemiological indicators. Conclusion: The findings of this scoping review indicate that indoor air quality, which can be improved with ventilation methods, may reduce the risk of developing COVID-19. Ventilation could thus be viewed as a possible effective mitigating method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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46. WHAT IS INFODEMIOLOGY? AN OVERVIEW AND ITS ROLE IN PUBLIC HEALTH.
- Author
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Klimiuk, Krzysztof Bartosz and Balwicki, Łukasz Władysław
- Subjects
HEALTH policy ,PUBLIC health ,HEALTH behavior ,SENTIMENT analysis ,COVID-19 pandemic - Abstract
Copyright of Epidemiological Review / Przegląd Epidemiologiczny is the property of National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Management of gallstone disease and chronic liver diseases during the COVID-19 outbreak in Ukraine: an ecological study.
- Author
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Bogomaz, Volodymyr, Natrus, Larysa, Ziuz, Nataliia, and Starodub, Tetiana
- Subjects
SARS disease ,MEDICAL quality control ,HOSPITAL care ,HOSPITAL mortality ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,RETROSPECTIVE studies ,CHOLECYSTECTOMY ,PANDEMIC preparedness ,LIVER diseases ,COMPARATIVE studies ,PUBLIC health ,GALLSTONES ,COVID-19 pandemic ,ECOLOGICAL research ,NOSOLOGY - Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to estimate the possible impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the hospitalization and hospital mortality of the patients with gallstone disease and chronic liver diseases (CLD) in the worst pandemic period in Ukraine. Design/methodology/approach: A retrospective comparative analysis of annual reports data of all economy subjects, which conducted economic activity in medical practice for 2019 and 2021. Data was accepted from the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine (NSDC) and the State Statistics Service of Ukraine (SSSU). Findings: The total hospitalization rates for diffuse liver disease and cholelithiasis significantly decreased during the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic in Ukraine, compared to the values of 2019. At the same time, the rates of in-hospital mortality for these diseases have significantly grown. Also, various proportions of similar trends were described in other countries during the first wave of the pandemic. Originality/value: This paper highlights the fact that regulatory restrictions and the fear of the population of referring to healthcare facilities considering the high risk of getting an infection had significant disruption to medical care for patients with gallstone disease and CLD. Improving the management of medical resources and strengthening all kinds of institutions in the healthcare system must be thought about if similar challenges appear in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Determining the Religious Coping Styles of Adolescents in Turkey During COVID-19
- Author
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Ayfer Kara, Türkan Kadiroğlu, and Fatma Güdücü Tüfekci
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Coping (psychology) ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Adolescent ,Turkey ,Subscale score ,education ,COVID-19 pandemic ,Adolescents ,Religious coping ,Adaptation, Psychological ,medicine ,Humans ,Social isolation ,Pandemics ,General Nursing ,Original Paper ,Academic year ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Public health ,Religious studies ,Life satisfaction ,COVID-19 ,General Medicine ,Test score ,medicine.symptom ,Psychology ,Clinical psychology - Abstract
We sought to evaluate the religious coping styles of adolescents during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and its restrictions. The study was conducted online during the 2020 academic year among students in three randomly selected high schools in a city center located in Eastern Turkey. The students studying in the chosen high schools who agreed to participate were included in the study (n = 514). We found that most adolescents were anxious, had been affected in terms of health and life satisfaction, and felt sad due to isolation. Almost all subjects attached importance to their religious beliefs. The adolescents' mean Religious Coping Scale score was 2.23 ± 0.50, their mean Positive Religious Coping subscale score was 2.91 ± 0.73, and their mean Negative Religious Coping subscale score was 1.54 ± 0.52. Specifically, male adolescents of ages 15-17 whose incomes were less than their expenditures and who lived in a broken family had the highest level of negative religious coping. In light of these findings, adolescents can be supported by teaching them to develop positive religious coping styles during the COVID-19 pandemic.
- Published
- 2021
49. Contextualizing the experiences of Black pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic: 'It's been a lonely ride'.
- Author
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Dahl, Alicia A., Yada, Farida N., Butts, Shanika Jerger, Tolley, Annalise, Hirsch, Sophie, Lalgondar, Priyanka, Wilson, Kala S., and Shade, Lindsay
- Subjects
HEALTH services accessibility ,COMMUNITY health services ,CROSS-sectional method ,SELF-evaluation ,AFRICAN Americans ,MATERNAL health services ,RESEARCH funding ,INTERVIEWING ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,PREGNANT women ,PSYCHOLOGICAL adaptation ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,EXPERIENCE ,SURVEYS ,THEMATIC analysis ,RESEARCH methodology ,SOCIAL adjustment ,STATISTICS ,PUBLIC health ,COMPARATIVE studies ,DATA analysis software ,COVID-19 pandemic - Abstract
The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic significantly changed the prenatal care experience, specifically regarding medical appointments and social opportunities. It is critical to capture this change through the narratives of pregnant people, particularly those of marginalized populations, whose voices may often be underrepresented in the literature. This mixed-methods paper summarizes the experiences of 40 pregnant Black/African American (AA) women during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional, online survey was administered between 2020 and 2021 to assess prenatal health and the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients' pregnancy experience. Coping behaviors during the pandemic were self-reported using the COPE-IS. Univariate analyses were conducted. An additional analysis of participants (n = 4) was explored through a week-long qualitative exercise using a photo documentation procedure. Photo-Elicitation Interviews (PEI) were conducted to capture and center their pandemic pregnancy experiences. Sources of stress during the pandemic varied, with the most common being financial concerns (n = 19, 47.5%). Over half of the sample (n = 18, 54.5%) self-reported increases in their positive coping behaviors during the pandemic, such as communicating with friends and family, talking to healthcare providers, listening to music, and engaging in spiritual practices–such as prayer. The four PEI study participants reflected on the impacts of social distancing on their prenatal experience and mentioned hospital and provider-related weariness due to their race. The findings of this study suggest that during the COVID-19 pandemic, Black/AA pregnant women in Charlotte, NC used social support, mindfulness practices, self-advocacy, and health literacy to navigate challenges present during their prenatal health experience. This paper highlights the personal, social, and structural experiences of pregnant women during a public health crisis so that responsive and effective programs or policies can be planned in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Into the Great Wide Open—From Classroom to Virtual Learning.
- Author
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Weitzman, Charney and Perrin, Jan
- Subjects
COVID-19 pandemic ,BLENDED learning ,ADULT learning ,DIGITAL learning ,FLIPPED classrooms ,LEARNING ,PUBLIC health - Abstract
This paper charts the journey from classroom-based training delivery to hybrid and virtual learning opportunities used to overcome the challenges imposed by public health restrictions introduced in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The public health measures introduced in March 2020 had a significant effect on the ability of the Children First Information and Advice Service (CFIAS), in Tusla, Ireland's Child and Family Agency, to deliver services. One of the key tools used by the CFIAS to support understanding of responsibilities, and best practice, in child safeguarding by professionals, and within organisations, has been the provision of direct training and information sessions. The introduction of public health restrictions necessitated a complete rethink by the CFIAS on how child safeguarding training and information are delivered. The paper presents an outline of the background and context of child safeguarding in Ireland, followed by a description of some of the challenges experienced by the CFIAS in response to the pandemic public health restrictions. It includes discussion on strategies and solutions considered to overcome these challenges. There is further discussion on the tools and methods eventually used, followed by a reflection on lessons learned by the CFIAS in areas including training delivery and methodology, eLearning, and information provision. The paper provides an analysis of limited qualitative and quantitative data, as well as a reflection on the lived experience of the CFIAS team members responding to the challenges posed during this time period, rather than a preplanned research study on pedagogical approaches in adult learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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