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Bisphenol A (BPA) is widely used as a color developer in thermal paper. Thermal paper is ubiquitous in daily life due to its use in cash register receipts, so opportunities for human contact abound. For this study, 10 blank cash register receipts were obtained from businesses in suburban Boston. BPA was extracted and analysis of concentration was performed using gas chromatograph/flame ionization detector. In some receipts, BPA was not detected but in others it was as high as 19 mg for a 12-inch long receipt, which is in line with concentrations indicated in patents. This study is intended to highlight the potential for human exposure to BPA as well as the ease with which exposure may be reduced through the use of BPA-free thermal paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reviews the efforts of the Martin Luther King Jr., Papers Project to prepare a definitive, multivolume edition of King's papers as part of a long-term effort to preserve the historical legacy of the African-American freedom struggle. The initial two volumes of `The Papers of Martin Luther King, Jr.'; Historical and intellectual context in which King's Crozer and Boston University academic papers were created; Selective use of appropriated passages; Citation and attribution practices; Details.

The article presents the winner for the "The Journal of Experimental Biology" Outstanding Paper Prize, 2005. Ms. Havalee T. Henry from Richard Marsh's lab at Northeastern University in Boston bagged the first prize with her publication "Performance of guinea fowl Numida meleagris during dumping requires storage and release of elastic energy". Henry is an undergrad at the University of Connecticut, but has specialized in Molecular and Cell Biology, as well as having a great interest in muscle physiology.

Reports the scientific convention held at the Sheraton in Boston, Massachusetts. Effects of the sponsorship by Sun Myong Moon's Unification Church on the convention; Details on agenda's over religiosity and emphasized science in the meeting; Aims by Moon for the scientists.

The article calls for papers for the 2006 Materials Research Society's 2006 Fall Meeting to be held from November 27 to December 1 in Boston, Massachusetts. Topics to be covered include: diamond electronics; structure, processing and properties of polymer nanofibers for emerging technologies; advanced electronic packaging; solid-state ionics; and thermodynamics and kinetics of phase transformations in inorganic materials.

The article discusses how student Neil Ganem from the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute in Boston, Massachusetts conducted his study aimed at dividing cancer cells successfully. Ganem used a microscope equipped with an incubator and watched thousands of cancer cells grow and divide. He then examined cells with multiple poles and follow the fate their daughter cells, which he said to get motion-sickness in the process. Ganem also investigated whether extra centrosomes contribute to cells' instability.

In an era of mass incarceration in the United States, neighborhood context plays a significant role in demographic patterns of imprisonment. This paper examines the preprison neighborhood environment of racial and ethnic groups within the Massachusetts prison admission population. The data include over 12,000 prison records of individuals sentenced to state prison for a criminal offense between 2009 and 2014. Findings indicate significant spatial variation across racial groups: The most disadvantaged preprison neighborhoods exist in small cities outside of Boston. Whites and Hispanics who enter prison from small cities, suburbs, and rural towns in Massachusetts lived in significantly more concentrated disadvantage than their counterparts in Boston. However, black men and women coming from Boston and small cities lived in the greatest concentrated disadvantage among the black admission population. Black‐ and Hispanic‐incarcerated people lived in significantly higher levels of concentrated disadvantage as compared to the average neighborhood of white‐incarcerated people. Results indicate that the prison population is drawn from a diverse set of communities, and suggest that an understanding of the full picture of differences in neighborhood context may play an important role in understanding community‐level conditions of mass incarceration and inform interventions aimed at ameliorating the community‐level impacts of imprisonment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focuses on the experience of the librarians at the Simmons College Libraries in Boston, Massachusetts as they integrated active learning strategies into the library instruction program for first year students. Library tour; Game of library jeopardy; Participation in the research process during workshops; Measurement of the success of the program through anecdotal evidence and reviews of student's research paper bibliographies.

The article discusses the highlights of the Annual Meetings of the Knee Society Symposium held in Boston, Massachusetts in October 2009. The meetings tackled various issues concerning knee surgery including the risk factors for patellar crepitus following total knee arthroplasty, the use of debridement and irrigation, and the analysis of synovial fluid.

The article presents objectives of the symposium on tautomers and biology, which is going to be held in Boston, Massachusetts in August 2010. Tautomerism modifies the structure activity relationship of enzyme and substrate and affects enzyme mechanism. Various aspects of tautomerism including calculations of tautomeric equilibrium constant and its use in molecular docking would be discussed at the symposia.

Introduces a series of articles on the philosophy of science, presented at the 1998 World Congress of Philosophy in Boston, Massachusetts.

Urban restructuring policies have uprooted residents and dismantled communities. Previous studies focus on housing redevelopment that minimizes the fraction of housing units left for poor residents and on interviewing residents only once the redevelopment has been announced. By contrast, this paper examines how residents over time experienced the HOPE VI redevelopment of the Orchard Park public housing project in Boston, which sought to preserve a low-income community. Using official records and a unique set of interviews with residents before and after redevelopment, we find marked declines in crime and increased residential satisfaction, which are attributed to changes in tenant composition. The redevelopment process reduced the total number of public housing units yet maintained the vast majority of housing for poor families while creating a new social mix. The findings suggest that to more fully capture the impacts of restructuring, existing theory must be expanded to consider who is displaced and how poverty is deconcentrated. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Contemporary ethnographic fieldwork in the study of religion has made a relational turn. Research in this field is often explicitly conceived as a relationship between scholars and those they seek to understand. Knowledge is inter-subjective, the field agrees, and the only reasonable way to move forward is in open acknowledgement of this through attentiveness to the relational character of research. This paper aims to augment this relational turn by considering and addressing the risks it entails. Drawing on research experience among Catholics in Boston, it identifies normalization as a potential liability entailed in the relational understanding of research. Opportunities for enriched understanding may not emerge if researchers prioritize smooth relations with those they get to know. The paper explores the possibility that clinical psychoanalytic techniques of listening, while likely to make research relationships "weird," may be an asset in the search for understanding in the ethnographic study of religion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The paper considers makespan minimization on a single machine subject to release dates in the relocation problem, originated from a resource-constrained redevelopment project in Boston. Any job consumes a certain amount of resource from a common pool at the start of its processing and returns to the pool another amount of resource at its completion. In this sense, the type of our resource constraints extends the well-known constraints on resumable resources, where the above two amounts of resource are equal for each job. In this paper, we undertake the first complexity analysis of this problem in the case of arbitrary release dates. We develop an algorithm, based on a multi-parametric dynamic programming technique (when the number of parameters that undergo enumeration of their values in the DP-procedure can be arbitrarily large). It is shown that the algorithm runs in pseudo-polynomial time when the number  of distinct release dates is bounded by a constant. This result is shown to be tight: (1) it cannot be extended to the case when is part of the input, since in this case the problem becomes strongly NP-hard, and (2) it cannot be strengthened up to designing a polynomial time algorithm for any constant , since the problem remains NP-hard for . A polynomial-time algorithm is designed for the special case where the overall contribution of each job to the resource pool is nonnegative. As a counterpart of this result, the case where the contributions of all jobs are negative is shown to be strongly NP-hard. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The purpose of this article is to add to the collective body of knowledge on student behavior and attitudes relative to the adoption of digital textbooks. The article summarizes an ongoing research project that examines past, current and evolving behavior in the classroom related to digital textbooks and school. It includes students, faculty and administrative attitudes behaviors and perceptions. This research was undertaken at the Sawyer Business School of Suffolk University in Boston, Massachusetts. Student attitudes and behavior toward their use of digital textbooks (eTextbooks) in higher education was examined in an ongoing longitudinal study over two years at Sawyer Business School, Suffolk University. Students in the class were divided into six teams. Five of the teams were assigned an eTextbook device and the sixth team was given a paper textbook for use through the semester. The digital technologies examined were: Amazon Kindle, Sony eReader Touch, Apple iPad, enTourage eDGe, and CourseSmart. Student attitudes and behaviors were examined pre and post class by survey each semester, and during the semesters through quizzes, journals and classroom discussion. Differential learning was measured between the six teams. Student attitudes and behaviors are becoming more receptive to and accepting of using digital textbooks each year. There was no significant difference in learning between the eTextbook devices teams or between them and the paper textbook team. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes the development and implementation of the Boston Medical Center (BMC) Advanced Clinical Capacity for Engagement, Safety, and Services Project. In October 2002, the BMC Division of Psychiatry became the first such entity to open a Safe Haven shelter for people who are chronically homeless, struggling with severe mental illness, and actively substance abusing. The low-demand Safe Haven model targets the most difficult to reach population and serves as a “portal of entry” to the mental health and addiction service systems. In this paper, the process by which this blended funded, multi-level collaboration, consisting of a medical center, state, city, local, and community-based consumer organizations, was created and is maintained, as well as the clinical model of care is described. Lessons learned from creating the Safe Haven Shelter and the development and implementation of the consumer-informed evaluation are discussed as well as implications for future work with this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aims: Accurately documenting mammography use is essential to assess quality of care for early breast cancer detection in underserved populations. Self-reports and medical record reports frequently result in different accounts of whether a mammogram was performed. We hypothesize that electronic medical records (EMRs) provide more accurate documentation of mammography use than paper records, as evidenced by the level of agreement between women's self-reported mammography use and mammography use documented in medical records. Methods: Black women aged 40–75 were surveyed in six primary care sites in Boston, Massachusetts ( n = 411). Survey data assessed self-reported mammography prevalence within 2 years of study entry. Corresponding medical record data were collected at each site. Positive predictive value (PPV) of self-report and kappa statistics compared data agreement among sites with and without EMRs. Logistic regression estimated effects of site and patient characteristics on agreement between data sources. Results: Medical records estimated a lower prevalence of mammography use (58%) than self-report (76%). However, self-report and medical record estimates were more similar in sites with EMRs. PPV of self-report was 88% in sites with continuous access to EMRs and 61% at sites without EMRs. Kappa statistics indicated greater data agreement at sites with EMRs (0.72, 95% CI 0.56-0.88) than without EMRs (0.46, 95% CI 0.29-0.64). Adjusted for covariates, odds of data agreement were greatest in sites where EMRs were available during the entire study period (OR 4.31, 95% CI 1.67-11.13). Conclusions: Primary care sites with EMRs better document mammography use than those with paper records. Patient self-report of mammography screening is more accurate at sites with EMRs. Broader access to EMRs should be implemented to improve quality of documenting mammography use. At a minimum, quality improvement efforts should confirm the accuracy of paper records with supplemental data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: There is a lack of consensus as to whether the relationship between the built environment and travel is causal and, if it is, the extent of this causality. This problem is largely caused by inappropriate research designs adopted in many studies. This paper proposes a new method (based on path choice) to investigate the causal effect of the pedestrian environment on the utility of walking. Specifically, the paper examines how the pedestrian environment affects subway commuters’ egress path choice from a station to their workplaces in downtown Boston. The path-based measure is sensitive enough to capture minor differences in the environment experienced by pedestrians. More importantly, path choice is less likely to correlate with job and housing location choices, and therefore largely avoids the self-selection problem. The results suggest that the pedestrian environment can significantly affect a person’s walking experience and the utility of walking along a path. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

A number of nations are actively exploring the option of a hydrogen economy to help address some of the energy issues facing the world today. One method of hydrogen generation under consideration in several countries is through the use of nuclear power. The American Nuclear Society Embedded Topical Meeting on Safety and Technology of Nuclear Hydrogen Production, Control, and Management (ST-NH2) held in Boston, Massachusetts, in June 2007 included a panel session entitled "An International Overview of Nuclear Hydrogen Production Programs." Speakers in this session highlighted some of the similarities and differences in national approaches, including technologies being targeted and strategies being planned for moving to a hydrogen economy. This paper summarizes the papers presented by the seven speakers on the panel and highlights some of the key similarities and differences discussed in the session. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the highlights of the International Conference on the History of Records and Archives (I-CHORA) 3 at the Massachusetts Historical Society in Boston, Massachusetts from September 27-29, 2007. Twenty-six papers were accepted for the conference and were organized into eight sessions on issues such as personal records making and personal record keeping. Participants of the conference agreed that the idea of private papers is far more complex than many had thought.

The Boston Change Process Study Group (BCPSG) has consistently and incisively explicated child development literature in its relationship to a theory of change in adult psychotherapy and psychoanalysis. This paper assesses some central aspects of their work. We highlight several themes that we believe are relevant to the issues that the BCPSG has raised. As a main point we note the manner in which the BCPSG bifurcates theoretical models. We maintain that this type of bifurcation is not justified by the data they cite. After summarizing their assumptions, we examine some of the empirical evidence that they mention and contend that this evidence can be interpreted in several different ways. We try to show that the infant research they cite supports a contemporary Freudian position as well the position advocated by the BCPSG. We offer a model that we believe reflects greater continuity in theoretical and clinical concepts. In this paper we also offer a critique of a clinical case the BCPSG has stated illustrates their theoretical-clinical principles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Economic studies of HIV/AIDS interventions are important for providing cost-effective care. This paper presents a costeffectiveness study of a three-arm clinical trial conducted at Tufts University School of Medicine/New England Medical Center in Boston, Massachusetts that treated 50 patients with AIDS wasting from March 1998 through January 2001. This study compared the costs and impacts of a nutritional counseling intervention alone (NC arm), the nutrition intervention with oxandrolone (OX arm), and the nutrition intervention with progressive resistance training (PRTarm) for the treatment of AIDS wasting. The cost of each intervention was derived for both the three-month clinical trial and a six-month estimated community model (ECM), its projected adaptation to community-based medical care. The cost determination involved obtaining and multiplying unit economic costs and quantities expended of each resource within each study arm. The ECM average cost per client in the cost-effectiveness analysis incorporated both institutional and societal perspectives. The costeffectiveness analysis compared the cost of each intervention to its quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gain (Zeckhauser and Shepard, 1976). From a societal perspective, for the NC arm, the cost per client totaled $983 for the actual and $596 under the ECM. For the OX arm, the cost per client totaled $3,772 for the actual study and $3,385 under the ECM. For the PRT arm, the cost per client totaled $3,189 for the actual study and $2,987 under the ECM. Under the societal perspective the cost per QALY was $55,000 (range: $51,000 to $83,000) for the NC arm, $151,000 (range: $149,000 to $171,000) for the OX arm, and $65,000 (range: $44,000 to $104,000) for the PRTarm. When using only an institutional perspective, the cost per QALY was $45,000 (range: $42,000-$64,000) for the NC arm, $147,000 (range: $147,000 to $163,000) for the OX arm, and $31,000 ($21,000 to $44,000) for the PRTarm. This paper shows that cost and cost-effectiveness analyses can be adapted to a community setting by combining information from community practice and costs with data from a randomized trial. Compared to other AIDS treatments, such as highly active antiretroviral therapies, all three interventions were affordable, but their cost-effectiveness was intermediate. Oxandrolone was the least cost effective of the interventions, even compared to nutrition alone, as it included similar or somewhat greater costs for less of an increase in quality of life. PRT was the most cost-effective treatment for AIDS wasting, particularly from an institutional perspective. Third party payers should consider coverage of PRT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes the theoretical foundations, empirical findings, and practical and philosophical implications of the Boston Area Diary Study (BADS), a study of the caring behavior of 44 participants over one calendar year. In particular, the paper presents an identification theory of care and discusses how it shaped the conceptualization, collection, and analysis of the data in a year-long diary study of daily voluntary assistance. The findings from the BADS (1) theoretically confirm the identification theory of care; (2) methodologically capture how individuals perceive and carry out caring behavior as a unity; and (3rpar; empirically document the existence of a moral citizenship in America that is substantially more vigorous than is implied by the usual indicators of civic and political citizenship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents a set of papers featured in the December 1999 issue of "Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry," which analyzed narratives of caregivers of elders with dementia in Boston, Massachusetts. Methods shared across the papers; Multidimensional framework for ethnicity; Directions for future research.

Questions the historical and biographical significance of the papers Martin Luther King, Jr., wrote as a divinity student at Crozer Theological Seminary and as a doctoral student at Boston University. Instances of plagiarism; Martin Luther King, Jr., Papers Projects; Evidence of King's effort to construct an identity as a theologian and preacher; Desire to stress social and political implications of theological training.

Presents further information related to the student papers of Martin Luther King, Jr. Application to graduate school; Excerpt from King's dissertation on the conceptions of God held by Paul Tillich and Henry Nelson Wieman; Papers that he wrote at Boston University.

Focuses on the annual meeting of the Materials Research Society in Boston, Massachusetts. Presentation of invited papers in the technical symposia; Offer of short courses on topics related to advanced research techniques; Display of processing equipments. INSET: Invited papers.

Presents an abstract of the study `Declining ovarian function during the latter half of the reproductive lifespan,' by M.T. O'Rourke and P.T. Ellison. Patterns of ovarian endocrine decline among women in Boston, Massachusetts; Follicular and luteal phase estradiol in different age groups; Declining oocyte quality with age.

Critics of many popular urban school reforms in the United States allege that these reform efforts unfairly insert market forces into the public domain, resulting in widening inequalities. In this paper, I challenge the notion that market forces per se are responsible for the gentrification that school reform often facilitates. Drawing on in-depth interviews, government documents, and media accounts, I analyse one component of school reform in Boston, the overhaul of the city’s public school student assignment policy, which curtailed parental choice (and, therefore, market pressure) within the city’s school system, while still potentially perpetuating inequalities. I discuss the implications of these findings for urban social theory related to education reform. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The Boston Greenway is an imposing urban regeneration programme in the centre of Boston, which is now free from the heavy road infrastucture of the early 1960s, and is considered against the backdrop of the planning system in the US. The paper focuses on the regulatory framework set forth by the Boston Zoning Code and the Greenway Guidelines in order to manage the process at its different stages, stressing relevant issues related to policy making and community involvement throughout. Despite general regulations and specific morphological rules, form and density issues prove unstable under market pressure, which is ultimately the engine shaping the Greenway. Discretion and transparency inflect the strategic approach in an original way in comparison to the European case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes activities at the Harvard Laboratory for Computer Graphics in the years 1963–1970, during which I was a participating member. Among them I and my collaborators conducted some of the earliest experiments in the development and application of GIS. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

An algorithm for determining the intersections between fractures is presented in this paper. The algorithm is implemented in GEOFRAC, a stochastic fracture pattern-modeling program. Previously, GEOFRAC allowed one to subdivide a fracture network into isolated subnetworks to assess connectivity. A new GEOFRAC feature can be used to analyze length and orientation distributions of the fracture intersections. Connectivity parameters such as the number of intersections per unit volume, , and the intersection length per unit volume can be calculated. Intersections and connectivity are important because they govern the fluid flow and stability behavior of rock masses. The program is used to model fracture intersections in the Boston area. The simulations show that for fractures in the Boston area, the mean fracture intersection length ranges from 0.5 to 0.7 m. The results also show that the relative frequency of long intersections (>2.0 m) increases with increasing modeling volume size. In contrast to these effects of volume, it appears that intersection orientation is not affected by the volume being considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: This paper investigates: (1) whether high school students overestimate gun carrying by their peers, and (2) whether those students who overestimate peer gun carrying are more likely to carry firearms. Data come from a randomly sampled survey conducted in 2008 of over 1700 high school students in Boston, MA. Over 5% of students reported carrying a gun, 9% of boys and 2% of girls. Students substantially overestimated the percentage of their peers who carried guns; the likelihood that a respondent carried a gun was strongly associated with their perception of the level of peer gun carrying. Most respondents believed it was easier for other youth to obtain guns than it was for them. Social marketing campaigns designed to lower young people’s perceptions about the prevalence of peer gun carrying may be a promising strategy for reducing actual gun carrying among youth. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]