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With the significant impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, understanding the sources of COVID-19 infection is crucial for developing effective public health strategies to control the spread of the disease. Chinese immigrants in Canada represent a population for which no study had previously been conducted to investigate the sources of COVID-19 infection. This study aimed to address this knowledge gap by examining the prevalence of various sources of COVID-19 within the Chinese immigrant community and identifying potential risk factors associated with each source. An online cross-sectional survey was conducted in early 2023, which included questions on five possible sources of COVID-19 infection: family, social gatherings, workplace, public places, or unknown. A total of 591 responses were received, of which 488 eligible responses were included in the analysis. 56.4% of the survey respondents were female, 45.0% had a university degree (or higher), and 19.4% of the participants were 65 years of age or older. Among the 226 individuals who contracted COVID-19, the most commonly reported source of infection was family members (29.2%), followed by public places (27.4%), and social gatherings (16.4%). Additionally, 16.4% of the respondents were uncertain where they had contracted the virus, and 10.6% of the respondents contracted COVID-19 from their workplace. A large majority of participants were able to identify the source of their COVID-19 infection, with results suggesting that individuals are at the highest risk for contraction of COVID-19 from infected family members. Our findings can inform public health efforts to control the spread of COVID-19 in Canada. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This systematic review aimed to identify research involving adults presenting to the emergency department (ED) with a concussion to document the reporting of sex and/or gender according to the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) guidelines, the prevalence of sex and gender-based analysis (SGBA) and to summarise sex and/or gender-based differences in ED presentation, management and outcomes., Design: Systematic review., Methods: Electronic databases and grey literature were searched to identify studies that recruited adult patients with concussion from the ED. Two independent reviewers identified eligible studies, assessed quality and extracted data. A descriptive summary of the evidence was generated, and sex and/or gender reporting was examined for accuracy according to standardised criteria., Results: Overall, 126 studies were included in the analyses. A total of 80 (64%) studies reported sex and/or gender as demographic information, of which 51 (64%) included sex and/or gender in their analysis; however, 2 (3%) studies focused on an SGBA. Sex was more accurately reported in alignment with CIHR definitions than gender (94% vs 12%; p<0.0001). In total, 25 studies used an SGBA for outcomes of interest. Males and females experience different causes of concussion, 60% of studies documented that females had less frequent CT scanning while in the ED, and 57% of studies reported that postconcussion syndrome was more prevalent in females and women., Conclusion: This systematic review highlighted that sex is reported more accurately than gender, approximately half of studies did not report either sex and/or gender as demographic information, and one-third of studies did not include SGBA. There were important sex and gender differences in the cause, ED presentation, management and outcomes of concussions., Prospero Registration Number: CRD42021258613., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2023. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Objectives: There has been a longstanding debate about whether the mechanisms involved in problematic sexual behavior (PSB) are similar to those observed in addictive disorders, or related to impulse control or to compulsivity. The aim of this report was to contribute to this debate by investigating the association between PSB, addictive disorders (internet addiction, compulsive buying), measures associated with the construct known as reward deficiency (RDS), and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)., Methods: A Canadian university Office of the Registrar invited 68,846 eligible students and postdoctoral fellows. Of 4710 expressing interest in participating, 3359 completed online questionnaires, and 1801 completed the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview. PSB was measured by combining those screening positive (score at least 6) on the Sexual Addiction Screening Test-Revised Core with those self-reporting PSB. Current mental health condition(s) and childhood trauma were measured by self-report. OCD was assessed by a combination of self-report and Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview data., Results: Of 3341 participants, 407 (12.18%) screened positive on the Sexual Addiction Screening Test-Revised Core. On logistic regression, OCD, attention deficit, internet addiction, a family history of PSB, childhood trauma, compulsive buying, and male gender were associated with PSB. On multiple correspondence analysis, OCD appeared to cluster separately from the other measures, and the pattern of data differed by gender., Conclusions: In our sample, factors that have previously been associated with RDS and OCD are both associated with increased odds of PSB. The factors associated with RDS appear to contribute to a separate data cluster from OCD and to lie closer to PSB., (Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Society of Addiction Medicine.)