13,788 results on '"Cooper, J."'
Search Results
202. Long‐term drivers of shoreline change over two centuries on a headland‐embayment beach
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Grottoli, Edoardo, primary, Biausque, Mélanie, additional, Jackson, Derek W. T., additional, and Cooper, J. Andrew G., additional
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- 2023
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203. AB1734-PARE THE JOURNEY TOWARD DISEASE MANAGEMENT: A NATIONAL SURVEY OF GOUT PATIENTS SEEN BY A RHEUMATOLOGIST
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Cooper, J., primary, Winokur, M., additional, and Serota, K., additional
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- 2023
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204. Reduction in procedure duration when utilizing active esophageal cooling in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation - update from a large hospital registry
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Cooper, J, primary, Joseph, C, additional, Willms, D, additional, Ruppert, A, additional, Francisco, G, additional, Kulstad, E, additional, and Athill, C, additional
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- 2023
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205. Anomaly-free singularities in the generalized Kohn variational method
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Cooper, J. N., Armour, E. A. G., and Plummer, M.
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Mathematical Physics - Abstract
We have carried out an analysis of singularities in Kohn variational calculations for low energy e^{+}-H_{2} elastic scattering. Provided that a sufficiently accurate trial wavefunction is used, we argue that our implementation of the Kohn variational principle necessarily gives rise to singularities which are not spurious. We propose two approaches for optimizing a free parameter of the trial wavefunction in order to avoid anomalous behaviour in scattering phase shift calculations, the first of which is based on the existence of such singularities. The second approach is a more conventional optimization of the generalized Kohn method. Close agreement is observed between the results of the two optimization schemes; further, they give results which are seen to be effectively equivalent to those obtained with the complex Kohn method. The advantage of the first optimization scheme is that it does not require an explicit solution of the Kohn equations to be found. We give examples of anomalies which cannot be avoided using either optimization scheme but show that it is possible to avoid these anomalies by considering variations in the nonlinear parameters of the trial function., Comment: 20 pages, 13 figures. Changes made in response to referees' comments. Significant improvements made to interpretation of results, necessitating a change of article title and abstract. Additional author added. This version of the article has been accepted for publication in Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical (IOP)
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- 2008
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206. The importance of an accurate target wave function in variational calculations for (e^{+}-H_{2}) scattering
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Cooper, J. N., Armour, E. A. G., and Plummer, M.
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Quantum Physics - Abstract
Using the complex Kohn method, we have calculated variational values of phase shifts and the annihilation parameter, Z_{eff}, for the elastic scattering of positrons by molecular hydrogen. Our results are sensitive to small changes in the accuracy of the wave function representing the target hydrogen molecule. We have developed a systematic approach to demonstrate that, at low positron energies, there are particular forms of the Kohn trial wave function for which the results of variational calculations are not reliable, even when the target wave function accounts for as much as 96.8% of the correlation energy of H_{2}. We find that reliable results can be recovered if our calculations are extended to admit more sophisticated target wave functions accounting for 99.7% of the correlation energy. Remaining discrepancies between theory and experiment are briefly discussed., Comment: Changed content in sections 3.1 and 4 to take referee's comments into account
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- 2008
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207. Single particle nonlocality with completely independent reference states
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Cooper, J. J. and Dunningham, J. A.
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Quantum Physics - Abstract
We describe a scheme to demonstrate the nonlocal properties of a single particle by showing a violation of Bell's inequality. The scheme is experimentally achievable as the only inputs are number states and mixed states, which serve as references to `keep track of the experiment'. These reference states are created completely independently of one another and correlated only after all the measurement results have been recorded. This means that any observed nonlocality must solely be due to the single particle state. All the techniques used are equally applicable to massive particles as to photons and as such this scheme could be used to show the nonlocality of atoms., Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures
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- 2008
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208. Nernst effect of epitaxial YBCO films doped with Ca and Zn
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Kokanović, I., Cooper, J. R., and Matusiak, M.
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Condensed Matter - Superconductivity - Abstract
We report Nernst effect measurements for some crystalline films of Ca and Zn-doped yttrium barium copper oxide grown by pulsed laser deposition. We argue that our results and most of the published data for LSCO are consistent with the theory of Gaussian superconducting fluctuations., Comment: 4 pages 4 figures
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- 2008
209. Top-gated graphene field-effect-transistors formed by decomposition of SiC
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Wu, Y. Q., Ye, P. D., Capano, M. A., Xuan, Y., Sui, Y., Qi, M., and Cooper, J. A.
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Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics ,Condensed Matter - Materials Science - Abstract
Top-gated, few-layer graphene field-effect transistors (FETs) fabricated on thermally-decomposed semi-insulating 4H-SiC substrates are demonstrated. Physical vapor deposited SiO2 is used as the gate dielectric. A two-dimensional hexagonal arrangement of carbon atoms with the correct lattice vectors, observed by high-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy, confirms the formation of multiple graphene layers on top of the SiC substrates. The observation of n-type and p-type transition further verifies Dirac Fermions unique transport properties in graphene layers. The measured electron and hole mobility on these fabricated graphene FETs are as high as 5400 cm2/Vs and 4400 cm2/Vs respectively, which are much larger than the corresponding values from conventional SiC or silicon.
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- 2008
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210. The pseudogap and doping dependent magnetic properties of La2-xSrxCu1-yZnyO4
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Islam, R. S., Cooper, J. R., Loram, J. W., and Naqib, S. H.
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Condensed Matter - Superconductivity ,Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons - Abstract
The effects of planar hole content, p (= x), on the static magnetic susceptibility, chi(T), of polycrystalline La2-xSrxCu1-yZnyO4 compounds were investigated over a wide range of Sr (x) and Zn (y) contents. The magnetic behavior caused by Zn was found to depend strongly on the hole content. The apparent magnetic moment induced by Zn was larger in underdoped La2-xSrxCu1-yZnyO4, decreased quite sharply around p ~ 0.19, and did not change much for further overdoping. This is interpreted in terms of the effect of the pseudogap on the Zn-induced magnetic behavior, as there is growing evidence that the pseudogap vanishes quite abruptly at p ~ 0.19 +/- 0.01. From a detailed analysis of chi(T) data the Zn-induced magnetic contribution was found to be rather complex and showed non-Curie-like features over a wide range of temperature. The observed behavior was scrutinized in terms of two scenarios (a) that of independent localized-moments and (b) low energy quasiparticle resonances associated with each Zn atom. Our study points towards the latter scenario and more generally suggests that there is a re-distribution of quasiparticle spectral weight due to Zn substitution, the features of which are greatly influenced by the presence and magnitude of the pseudogap., Comment: Submitted to Phys. Rev. B
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- 2008
211. 318 Building A Better CAR: Improving CAR-T Trafficking in Cancer Therapy
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Yeonsun Hong, Hye-Ran Kim, Brandon L. Walling, John Lozada, Andrea M. Amitrano, Cooper J. Sailer, Kihong Lim, Raj Kumar Mongre, Kyun-Do Kim, Tara Capece, Elena B. Lomakina, Nicholas S. Reilly, Richard E. Waugh, Patrick M. Reagan, Minsoo Kim, Patrick W. Oakes, and Chang-Duk Jun
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Medicine - Abstract
OBJECTIVES/GOALS: #NAME? METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Cell culture & protein identification: human T cells were purified from healthy blood, then activated & cultured for 5d. CAR-T cells were collected from infusion bags of cancer patients undergoing CAR-T. Silver staining of naive & activated healthy T-cell lysates was compared; B-II spectrin was upregulated and confirmed by Western blot. Migration assays: naive & activated T-cells were imaged during migration on ICAM-1 and ICAM-1 + CXCL12 coated plates. T-cells were transfected with BII-spectrin cDNA & the chemokine dependence of migration was compared with controls. In-vivo studies: in a melanoma mouse model, BII-spectrin transfected or control T-cells were injected; tumors were followed with serial imaging. Human patient records were examined to correlate endogenous BII-spectrin levels and CAR-T response. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Activated T-cells downregulate the cytoskeletal protein B-II spectrin compared to naive cells, leading to chemokine-independent migration in in vitro assays and off-target trafficking when CAR-T cells are given in vivo. Restoration of B-II spectrin levels via transfection restores chemokine-dependence of activated T-cells. In a mouse melanoma model, control mice injected with standard activated T-cells showed fewer cells in the tumor site and more cells in the off-target organs (spleen, lungs) when compared to mice injected with B-II spectrin transfected cells. Furthermore, among 3 human patients undergoing CAR-T therapy, those with higher endogenous B-II spectrin levels experienced fewer side-effects, measured by the neurotoxicity and cytokine release syndrome grades. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE: A major hurdle to widespread CAR-T therapy for cancer is significant, often fatal side-effects. Our work shows that the protein B-II spectrin is downregulated during CAR-T production, and that restoring B-II spectrin levels decreases side-effects while increasing tumor clearance--hopefully translating to better CAR-T regimens for the future.
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- 2022
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212. Effects of Ca substitution and the pseudogap on the magnetic properties of Y1-xCaxBa2Cu3O7-delta
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Naqib, S. H., Cooper, J. R., and Loram, J. W.
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Condensed Matter - Superconductivity ,Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons - Abstract
The effects of planar hole content, p, on the static magnetic susceptibility, chi(T), of Y1-xCaxBa2Cu3O7-delta polycrystalline samples were investigated over a wide range of Ca (x) and oxygen contents. Non-magnetic Ca2+, in the 3p6 state, induces a Curie-like contribution to chi(T) that increases systematically and non-linearly with x but is almost independent of p. We argue that this arises from statistical clusters containing two or more nearest neighbor Ca atoms. We have again found that the pseudogap in the quasi-particle spectral weight appears abruptly below a planar hole content p = 0.190 +/- 0.005., Comment: Submitted to Phys. Rev. B
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- 2007
213. Quantum Oscillations in the Underdoped Cuprate YBa2Cu4O8
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Yelland, E. A., Singleton, J., Mielke, C. H., Harrison, N., Balakirev, F. F., Dabrowski, B., and Cooper, J. R.
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Condensed Matter - Superconductivity ,Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons - Abstract
We report the observation of quantum oscillations in the underdoped cuprate superconductor YBa2Cu4O8 using a tunnel-diode oscillator technique in pulsed magnetic fields up to 85T. There is a clear signal, periodic in inverse field, with frequency 660+/-15T and possible evidence for the presence of two components of slightly different frequency. The quasiparticle mass is m*=3.0+/-0.3m_e. In conjunction with the results of Doiron-Leyraud et al. for YBa2Cu3O6.5, the present measurements suggest that Fermi surface pockets are a general feature of underdoped copper oxide planes and provide information about the doping dependence of the Fermi surface., Comment: Contains revisions addressing referees' comments including a different Fig 1b. 4 pages, 4 figures
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- 2007
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214. Hall effects in Bose-Einstein condensates in a rotating optical lattice
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Bhat, Rajiv, Kraemer, M., Cooper, J., and Holland, M. J.
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Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics ,Condensed Matter - Other Condensed Matter - Abstract
Using the Kubo formalism, we demonstrate fractional quantum Hall features in a rotating Bose-Einstein condensate in a co-rotating two-dimensional optical lattice. The co-rotating lattice and trap potential allow for an effective magnetic field and compensation of the centrifugal potential. Fractional quantum Hall features are seen for the single-particle system and for few strongly interacting many-particle systems., Comment: 11 pages, 13 figures
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- 2007
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215. Atomtronic circuits of diodes and transistors
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Pepino, R. A., Cooper, J., Anderson, D. Z., and Holland, M. J.
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Physics - Atomic Physics ,Condensed Matter - Other Condensed Matter - Abstract
We illustrate that open quantum systems composed of neutral, ultracold atoms in one-dimensional optical lattices can exhibit behavior analogous to semiconductor electronic circuits. A correspondence is demonstrated for bosonic atoms, and the experimental requirements to realize these devices are established. The analysis follows from a derivation of a quantum master equation for this general class of open quantum systems., Comment: Significantly Revised, and accepted for publication in PRL 2009
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- 2007
216. On the possibility that STS 'gap-maps' of cuprate single crystals are dominated by k-space anisotropy and not by nano-scale inhomogeneity
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Cooper, J. R.
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Condensed Matter - Superconductivity ,Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons - Abstract
The results of a computer analysis of a simple 2D quantum mechanical tunnelling model are reported. These suggest that the spatial dependence of the superconducting energy gap observed by Scanning Tunnelling Spectroscopy (STS) studies of single crystals of the high Tc superconductor Bi:2212 is not necessarily caused by nanoscale inhomogeneity. Instead the spatial dependence of the STS data could arise from the momentum (k) dependence of the energy gap, which is a defining feature of a d-wave superconductor. It is possible that this viewpoint could be exploited to obtain k-dependent information from STS studies., Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures
- Published
- 2007
217. de Haas-van Alphen effect investigations of the electronic structure of pure and aluminum-doped MgB_2
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Carrington, A., Yelland, E. A., Fletcher, J. D., and Cooper, J. R.
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Condensed Matter - Superconductivity - Abstract
Understanding the superconducting properties of MgB_2 is based strongly on knowledge of its electronic structure. In this paper we review experimental measurements of the Fermi surface parameters of pure and Al-doped MgB_2 using the de Haas-van Alphen (dHvA) effect. In general, the measurements are in excellent agreement with the theoretical predictions of the electronic structure, including the strength of the electron-phonon coupling on each Fermi surface sheet. For the Al doped samples, we are able to measure how the band structure changes with doping and again these are in excellent agreement with calculations based on the virtual crystal approximation. We also review work on the dHvA effect in the superconducting state., Comment: Contribution to the special issue of Physica C "Superconductivity in MgB2: Physics and Applications" (10 Pages with figures)
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- 2006
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218. On the pseudogap and doping-dependent magnetic properties of La2-xSrxCu1-yZnyO4
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Islam, R. S., Cooper, J. R., Loram, J. W., and Naqib, S. H.
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Condensed Matter - Superconductivity ,Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons - Abstract
The effects of planar hole content, p (= x), on the uniform (q = 0) magnetic susceptibility, c(T), of La2-xSrxCu1-yZnyO4 were investigated over a wide range of Sr (x) and Zn (y) contents. A strongly p-dependent Zn-induced magnetic behavior was observed. The apparent Zn-induced magnetic moment is larger in underdoped La2-xSrxCu1-yZnyO4 and it decreases quite sharply around p ~ 0.19. It does not change much for further overdoping. This indicates a possible role of the pseudogap on the Zn induced magnetic behavior, as there is growing evidence that pseudogap vanishes quite abruptly at p ~ 0.19., Comment: Submitted to Physica C (Proceedings of the M2S-HTSC-VIII Conference)
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- 2006
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219. Effect of the pseudogap on the uniform magnetic susceptibility of Y1-xCaxBa2Cu3O7-d
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Naqib, S. H. and Cooper, J. R.
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Condensed Matter - Superconductivity - Abstract
The effects of planar hole content, p, on the temperature-dependent uniform (q = 0) magnetic susceptibility, c(T), of polycrystalline Y1-xCaxBa2Cu3O7-d compounds with 0.0 = x = 0.20 were investigated over a wide range of oxygen deficiency (d). Systematic variations in c(T) were found with changing p. The characteristic pseudogap temperature scale, Eg(p)/kB, was extracted from the analysis of the c(T,p) data. We have found clear evidence that the pseudogap in the quasi-particle spectral weight appears abruptly at a planar hole content of p ~ 0.19, and that it grows rapidly with decreasing p., Comment: Submitted to Physica C (M2S-HTSC 2006 Proceedings)
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- 2006
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220. Magnetic field dependence of the temperature derivative of resistivity: a probe for distinguishing the effects of pseudogap and superconducting fluctuations in cuprates
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Naqib, S. H., Cooper, J. R., and Islam, R. S.
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Condensed Matter - Superconductivity - Abstract
We have studied the magnetic field dependence of the temperature derivative of the resistivity, dr(H,T)/dT, of a number of Y1-xCaxBa2(Cu1-yZny)3O7-d crystalline thin films over a wide range of sample compositions. From the analysis of the temperature derivative data we have been able to distinguish quite clearly between two characteristic temperature scales, (a) the onset of strong superconducting fluctuation temperature, Tscf and (b) the pseudogap temperature, TPG. Significantly different characteristic features of dr(H,T)/dT at Tscf and at TPG imply that Tscf and TPG have different physical origins., Comment: Submitted to Physica C (M2S-HTSC 2006 Proceedings)
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- 2006
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221. Optimization of a Landing Gear System Including Uncertainties
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Tartaruga, I., Cooper, J. E., Lowenberg, M. H., Sartor, P., Lemmens, Y., Caspeele, Robby, editor, Taerwe, Luc, editor, and Proske, Dirk, editor
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- 2017
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222. Physics at a Fermilab Proton Driver
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Albrow, M. G., Antusch, S., Babu, K. S., Barnes, T., Bazarko, A. O., Bernstein, R. H., Bowles, T. J., Brice, S. J., Ceccucci, A., Cei, F., KCheung, H. W., Christian, D. C., Collar, J. I., Cooper, J., Cooper, P. S., Curioni, A., deGouvea, A., DeJongh, F., Derwent, P. F., Diwan, M. V., Dobrescu, B. A., Feldman, G. J., Finley, D. A., Fleming, B. T., Geer, S., Greene, G. L., Grossman, Y., Harris, D. A., Horowitz, C. J., Hertzog, D. W., Huber, P., Imazato, J., Jansson, A., Jungmann, K. P., Kasper, P. A., Kersten, J., Kettell, S. H., Kuno, Y., Lindner, M., Mandelkern, M., Marciano, W. J., Melnitchouk, W., Mena, O., Michael, D. G., Miller, J. P., Mills, G. B., Morfin, J. G., and Nguyen, H.
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High Energy Physics - Experiment - Abstract
This report documents the physics case for building a 2 MW, 8 GeV superconducting linac proton driver at Fermilab., Comment: 52 pages, 15 figures
- Published
- 2005
223. de Haas-van Alphen effect investigation of the electronic structure of Al substituted MgB_2
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Carrington, A., Fletcher, J. D., Cooper, J. R., Taylor, O. J., Balicas, L., Zhigadlo, N. D., Kazakov, S. M., Karpinski, J., Charmant, J. P. H., and Kortus, J.
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Condensed Matter - Superconductivity - Abstract
We report a de Haas-van Alphen (dHvA) study of the electronic structure of Al doped crystals of MgB$_2$. We have measured crystals with $\sim 7.5$% Al which have a $T_c$ of 33.6 K, ($\sim 14$% lower than pure MgB$_2$). dHvA frequencies for the $\sigma$ tube orbits in the doped samples are lower than in pure MgB$_2$, implying a $16\pm2%$ reduction in the number of holes in this sheet of Fermi surface. The mass of the quasiparticles on the larger $\sigma$ orbit is lighter than the pure case indicating a reduction in electron-phonon coupling constant $\lambda$. These observations are compared with band structure calculations, and found to be in excellent agreement., Comment: 4 pages with figures
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- 2005
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224. Is neural crest cell delamination required for normal cranial neural tube closure?
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Cooper, J. E.
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612.8 - Abstract
Numerous correlations are described in the literature between cranial neural tube defects (NTDs) and neurocristopathies indicating that cranial neural tube closure and neural crest cell (NCC) development may be linked by more than just spatial and temporal contiguity. Detailed analysis of the morphology of the cranial neural plate identified the midbrain as a region in which several features combine that are likely to result in resistance to the apposition and subsequent closure of the neural folds. The relationship between elevation, bending and closure of the midbrain neural folds and the specification and delamination of NCC indicates that NCC may act in conjunction with other permissive processes to facilitate a) elevation of the neural folds by contributing to expansion of cranial mesenchyme and b) formation of dorsolateral hinge points (DLHP) by reducing cell density and thus enhancing flexibility of the dorsal neural folds. These two processes are requirements for the subsequent closure of the midbrain. To address the hypothesis that NCC delamination is required for the elevation of the midbrain neural folds and their bending at the DLHP, mouse models known to harbour mutations resulting in both NTDs and neurocristopathies were studied to assess the relationship between the two defects. In support of the idea that NCC delamination facilitates midbrain elevation and DLHP formation, failure of cranial NCC delamination associates with reduced cranial elevation, absence of DLHPs and midbrain exencephaly in the Kumba mutant mouse model. This is in contrast to the dissociation between the trunk NCC phenotype and hindbrain exencephaly observed in the Splotch model. The hypothesis was tested experimentally by chemically inhibiting the delamination of NCC in cultured embryos. This adversely affected elevation of the neural folds and DLHP formation, and in some instances resulted in failure of midbrain closure. A transgenic model was developed which was predicted to provide an in vivo model of inhibition of delamination of NCC. The shRNA mediated knockdown of FoxD3 expression in NCC did not, however, affect the early specification or delamination of NCC. Instead it resulted in a failure of maintenance of NCC progenitors during their migration in the cranial mesenchyme. This model displayed no incidence of midbrain exencephaly. Failure of proper NCC derived mesenchymal ‘scaffolding’ surrounding the cranial neural tube did, however, lead to a reopening of the forebrain in some instances. Based on the evidence described above, I propose a model in which the development of NCC exerts complex multilevel mechanical regulation on the formation and maintenance of the neural tube. NCC delamination facilitates DLHP formation, while NCC migration and proliferation in the mesenchyme contributes to elevation of the cranial neural folds and also ‘scaffolds’ the neural folds to maintain closure.
- Published
- 2012
225. Why coastal regulations fail
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Neal, William J., Pilkey, Orrin H., Cooper, J. Andrew G., and Longo, Norma J.
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- 2018
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226. Scaling relation for the superfluid density in cuprate superconductors
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Tallon, J. L., Cooper, J. R., Naqib, S. H., and Loram, J. W.
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Condensed Matter - Superconductivity - Abstract
A universal scaling relation, $\rho_s \propto \sigma(T_c)\times T_c$ has been reported by Homes $et$ $al$. (Nature (London) {\bf 430}, 539 (2004)) where $\rho_s$ is the superfluid density and $\sigma(T)$ is the DC conductivity. The relation was shown to apply to both c-axis and in-plane dynamics for high-$T_c$ superconductors as well as to the more conventional superconductors Nb and Pb, suggesting common physics in these systems. We show quantitatively that the scaling behavior has several possible origins including, marginal Fermi-liquid behavior, Josephson coupling, dirty-limit superconductivity and unitary impurity scattering for a d-wave order parameter. However, the relation breaks down seriously in overdoped cuprates, and possibly even at lower doping., Comment: Paper in press as Rapid Comm in Phys. Rev. B. 4 pages, 1 figure, in response to the Nature paper by Homes et al
- Published
- 2004
227. Collinear Points in Permutations
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Cooper, J. and Solymosi, J.
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Mathematics - Combinatorics ,Mathematics - Number Theory ,51E15 (Primary), 11T99 (Secondary) - Abstract
Consider the following problem: how many collinear triples of points must a transversal of (Z/nZ)^2 have? This question is connected with venerable issues in discrete geometry. We show that the answer, for n prime, is between (n-1)/4 and (n-1)/2, and consider an analogous question for collinear quadruples. We conjecture that the upper bound is the truth and suggest several other interesting problems in this area., Comment: 7 pages, 0 figures
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- 2004
228. Anomalous pseudogap and superconducting state properties of heavily disordered Y1-xCaxBa2(Cu1-yZny)3O7-delta
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Naqib, S. H., Cooper, J. R., Islam, R. S., and Tallon, J. L.
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Condensed Matter - Superconductivity ,Condensed Matter - Disordered Systems and Neural Networks - Abstract
The role of substantial in-plane disorder (Zn) on the transport and AC susceptibility of Y1-xCaxBa2(Cu1-yZny)3O7-delta was investigated over a wide range of planar hole concentration, p. Resistivity, r(T), for a number of overdoped to underdoped samples with y equals/greater than 0.055 showed clear downturns at a characteristic temperature similar to that found at T* in Zn-free underdoped samples because of the presence of the pseudogap. Contrary to the widely observed behavior for underdoped cuprates at lower Zn contents (where the pseudogap energy increases almost linearly with decreasing p in the same way as for the Zn-free compounds), this apparent pseudogap temperature at high Zn content showed very little or no p-dependence. It also increases systematically with increasing Zn concentration in the CuO2 planes. This anomalous behavior appears quite abruptly, e.g., samples with y less than/equals 0.05 exhibit the usual T*(p) behavior. AC susceptibility of these heavily disordered samples showed the superfluid density to be extremely low. Magneto-transport, r(T,H), measurements are provisionally interpreted in terms of high-strength pinning centers for vortices in these samples. We also discuss various possible scenarios that might lead to a Zn induced pseudogap in the cuprates.
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- 2004
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229. Isotope Effect in the Superfluid Density of HTS Cuprates: Stripes, Pseudogap and Impurities
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Tallon, J. L., Islam, R. S., Storey, J., Williams, G. V. M., and Cooper, J. R.
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Condensed Matter - Superconductivity - Abstract
Underdoped cuprates exhibit a normal-state pseudogap, and their spins and doped carriers tend to spatially separate into 1- or 2-D stripes. Some view these as central to superconductivity, others as peripheral and merely competing. Using La$_{2-x}$Sr$_x$Cu$_{1-y}$Zn$_y$O$_4$ we show that an oxygen isotope effect in $T_c$ and in the superfluid density can be used to distinguish between the roles of stripes and pseudogap and also to detect the presence of impurity scattering. We conclude that stripes and pseudogap are distinct, and both compete and coexist with superconductivity., Comment: Revised submission to PRL with added appendix on a possible isotope effect in the effective mass, 4 pages, 3 figures
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- 2004
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230. Floss abrasion: a cautionary tale
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Cooper, J., Al-Jassim, D., and Barry, S.
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- 2021
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231. Global Distribution and Geomorphology of Fetch-Limited Barrier Islands
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Pilkey, Orrin H., Cooper, J. Andrew G., and Lewis, David A.
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- 2009
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232. Boom and Bust: The Influence of Macroscale Economics on the World's Coasts
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Cooper, J. A. G. and McKenna, J.
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- 2009
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233. Structural and electrical properties of c-axis oriented Y1-xCaxBa2(Cu1-yZny)3O7-delta thin films grown by pulsed laser deposition
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Naqib, S. H., Chakalov, R. A., and Cooper, J. R.
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Condensed Matter - Superconductivity - Abstract
Ca- and Zn-subsituted Y1-xCaxBa2(Cu1-yZny)O7-delta (x = 0, 0.05 and y = 0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.05) thin films were grown on SrTiO3 (100) substrates using the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique. Effects of various growth parameters on the quality of the film were studied via X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and in-plane resistivity, rhoab(T), measurements. The deposition temperature and oxygen partial pressure were gradually increased to 820C and 1.20 mbar respectively. Films grown under these conditions exhibited good c-axis orientation (primarily limited by the grain size) and low values of the extrapolated residual resistivity, rho(0), at zero temperature. The planar hole content, p, was determined from the room temperature thermopower, S[290K], measurements and the effects of oxygen annealing were also studied. Fully oxygenated samples were found to be overdoped with p ~ 0.195. The Superconducting transition temperature Tc(p), and rho(T,p) showed the expected systematic variations with changing Zn content., Comment: Submitted to Physica C (2003)
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- 2003
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234. The doping phase diagram of Y1-xCaxBa2(Cu1-yZny)3O7-delta from transport measurements: tracking the pseudogap below Tc
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Naqib, S. H., Cooper, J. R., Tallon, J. L., Islam, R. S., and Chakalov, R. A.
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity - Abstract
The effects of planar hole concentration, p, and magnetic field on the resistivity, rho(T), of high-quality c-axis oriented crystalline thin films and sintered Y1-xCaxBa2(Cu1-yZny)3O7-delta samples were investigated over a wide range of Ca, Zn, and oxygen contents. Zn was used to suppress superconductivity and this enabled us to extract the characteristic pseudogap temperature, T*(p) below Tc0(p) [ = Tc (x =0, y = 0)]. We have also located the characteristic temperature, Tscf, marking the onset of significant superconducting fluctuations above Tc, from the analysis of rho(T,H,p) and rho(T,p) data. This enabled us to identify T*(p) near the optimum doping level where the values of T*(p) and Tscf(p) are very close and hard to distinguish. We again found that T*(p) depends only on the hole concentration p, and not on the level of disorder associated with Zn or Ca substitutions. We conclude that (i) T*(p) (and therefore, the pseudogap) persists below Tc0(p) on the overdoped side and does not merge with the Tc0(p) line and (ii) T*(p) and the pseudogap energy extrapolate to zero at the doping p = 0.19 +/- 0.01., Comment: submitted to Phys.Rev.B, an updated version of cond-mat/0301375 with new data
- Published
- 2003
235. Determination of the Fermi Surface of MgB$_2$ by the de Haas-van Alphen effect
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Carrington, A., Meeson, P. J., Cooper, J. R., Balicas, L., Hussey, N. E., Yelland, E. A., Lee, S., Yamamoto, A., Tajima, S., Kazakov, S. M., and Karpinski, J.
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity - Abstract
We report measurements of the de Haas-van Alphen effect for single crystals of MgB$_2$, in magnetic fields up to 32 Tesla. In contrast to our earlier work, dHvA orbits from all four sheets of the Fermi surface were detected. Our results are in good overall agreement with calculations of the electronic structure and the electron-phonon mass enhancements of the various orbits, but there are some small quantitative discrepancies. In particular, systematic differences in the relative volumes of the Fermi surface sheets and the magnitudes of the electron-phonon coupling constants could be large enough to affect detailed calculations of T$_{c}$ and other superconducting properties., Comment: 4 pages, 2 column with figures
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
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236. Superfluid response in monolayer high-Tc cuprates
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Panagopoulos, C., Xiang, T., Anakool, W., Cooper, J. R., Wang, Y. S., and Chu, C. W.
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Condensed Matter - Superconductivity ,Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons - Abstract
We have studied the doping dependence of the in-plane and out-of-plane superfluid density, \rho^s(0), of two monolayer high-Tc superconductors, HgBa_2CuO_{4+\delta} and La_{2-x}Sr_xCuO_4, using the low frequency ac-susceptibility and the muon spin relaxation techniques. For both superconductors, \rho^s(0) increases rapidly with doping in the under- and optimally doped regime and becomes nearly doping independent above a critical doping, p_c = 0.20., Comment: 3 pages, 5 figures
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
237. Magneto-Transport Properties of Doped RuSr$_2$GdCu$_2$O$_8$
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McCrone, J. E., Tallon, J. L., Cooper, J. R., MacLaughlin, A. C., Attfield, J. P., and Bernhard, C.
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Condensed Matter - Superconductivity - Abstract
RuSr$_2$GdCu$_2$O$_8$, in which magnetic order and superconductivity coexist with $T_{Magnetic}$$\gg$$T_c$, is a complex material which poses new and important questions to our understanding of the interplay between magnetic and superconducting (SC) order. Resistivity, Hall effect and thermopower measurements on sintered ceramic RuSr$_2$GdCu$_2$O$_8$ are presented, together with results on a broad range of substituted analogues. The Hall effect and thermopower both show anomalous decreases below $T_{Magnetic}$ which may be explained within a simple two-band model by a transition from localized to more itinerant behavior in the RuO$_2$ layer at $T_{Magnetic}$., Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. B., correspondence to J.Tallon@irl.cri.nz
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
238. The Doping Phase Diagram of Y1-xcaxba2(Cu1-yzny)3O7-d from Transport Measurements: Tracking the Pseudogap Below Tc (y = 0)
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Naqib, S. H., Cooper, J. R., and Tallon, J. L.
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity - Abstract
The effects of planar hole concentration, p, on the resistivity, r(T), of sintered Y1-xCaxBa2(Cu1-yZny)3O7-d samples were investigated over a wide range of Ca, Zn, and oxygen contents. Zn was used to suppress superconductivity and this enabled us to extract the characteristic pseudogap temperature, T*(p), from r(T,p) data below Tco(p) [ = Tc (y = 0)]. We have also located the characteristic temperature, Tscf, marking the onset of significant superconducting fluctuations above Tc, from the analysis of r(T,H,p) and r(T,p) data. This enabled us to identify T*(p) near the optimum doping level where the values of T*(p) and Tscf(p) are very close and hard to distinguish. We again found that T*(p) depends only on the hole concentration p, and not on the level of disorder associated with Zn or Ca substitutions. We conclude that (i) T*(p) (and therefore, the pseudogap) persists below Tco(p) on the overdoped side and does not merge with the Tco(p) line and (ii) T*(p), and thus the pseudogap energy, extrapolates to zero at the doping p = 0.19 +/- 0.01. PACS numbers: 74.25.Dw, 74.25. 74.62.Dh, 74.72.-h Key words: Pseudoap, Superconducting fluctuations, Comment: 14 pages (Text), 7 figures
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- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
239. Molecular Dynamics Studies of Halogen Bonding on the Freezing in Clouds
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Cooper J. Yerby, Gabriel G. Bertho, Chongqin Zhu, and Joseph S. Francisco
- Abstract
The retention coefficients for halogen gases upon freezing of water are currently not estimated. Estimating their retention coefficients is an important metric, enabling atmospheric chemists and modelers to better approximate the respective influences and lifetimes of trace gasses in the atmosphere. Using molecular dynamic simulations that simulate the freezing of cloud water droplets containing halogen gasses in the upper troposphere (220°K), we have revealed that Cl2, Br2, and I2 are entirely retained when water droplets are frozen during deep convection. The results of the simulations show that the presence of halogen gasses in cloud droplets retards their freezing rates by approximately 35% to 62%. Enumeration of hydrogen and halogen bonds formed between gas species and water in cloud droplets shows that substantially more halogen bonding than hydrogen bonding occurs among halogen gasses. Additionally, data indicates the size of halogen species within cloud droplets may affect their freezing rates. Our results provide a theoretical framework to make the first estimates regarding halogen gas retention coefficients, helping to elucidate impacts halogens may have on the gas transportation dynamics and chemistries of the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS). As halogen gas emissions continue to increase globally, this study calls upon the emergent need to assess the role of halogen gasses in UTLS chemistry, especially in the deep convective regions.
- Published
- 2023
240. Impaired Mitophagy and Protein Acetylation Levels in Fibroblasts from Parkinson’s Disease Patients
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Yakhine-Diop, Sokhna M. S., Niso-Santano, Mireia, Rodríguez-Arribas, Mario, Gómez-Sánchez, Rubén, Martínez-Chacón, Guadalupe, Uribe-Carretero, Elisabet, Navarro-García, José A., Ruiz-Hurtado, Gema, Aiastui, Ana, Cooper, J. Mark, López de Munaín, Adolfo, Bravo-San Pedro, José M., González-Polo, Rosa A., and Fuentes, José M.
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- 2019
- Full Text
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241. Gapless kinetic theory beyond the Popov approximation
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Wachter, J., Walser, R., Cooper, J., and Holland, M.
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics - Abstract
We present a unified kinetic theory that describes the finite-temperature, non-equilibrium dynamics of a Bose-Einstein condensed gas interacting with a thermal cloud. This theory includes binary interactions to second order in the interaction potential and reduces to a diagonal quantum Boltzmann equation for Bogoliubov quasiparticles. The Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov interactions include the pairing field and are expressed as many-body $T$ matrices to second order. The interactions thus include the correct renormalized scattering physics. This renormalized theory is automatically gapless. Thus, the excited Bogoliubov modes are naturally orthogonal to the condensate ground state., Comment: 12 pgs, 3 figs, RevTeX4, submitted to PRA
- Published
- 2002
242. The superfluid density in cuprate high-Tc superconductors - a new paradigm
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Tallon, J. L., Loram, J. W., Cooper, J. R., Panagopoulos, C., and Bernhard, C.
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity - Abstract
The doping dependence of the superfluid density, r_s, of high-Tc superconductors is usually considered in the context of the Uemura relation, namely Tc proportional to rs, which is generally assumed to apply in the underdoped regime. We show that a modified plot of Tc/Do versus rs, where Do is the maximum d-wave gap at T=0, exhibits universal features that point to an alternative interpretation of the underlying physics. In the underdoped region this plot exhibits the canonical negative curvature expected when a ground-state correlation competes with superconductivity (SC) by opening up a gap in the normal-state DOS. In particular rs is suppressed much faster than Tc/Do or indeed Tc. The pseudogap is found to strongly modify the SC ground state., Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures, submitted Phys. Rev. Lett
- Published
- 2002
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243. Low-frequency spins and the ground state in high-Tc cuprates
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Panagopoulos, C., Tallon, J. L., Rainford, B. D., Cooper, J. R., Scott, C. A, and Xiang, T.
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity - Abstract
We study the spin fluctuations of pure and Zn-substituted high temperature superconductors (HTS) using the muon spin relaxation (muSR) technique. Superconductivity is found to coexist with low frequency spin fluctuations over a large region of the superconducting phase diagram. The characteristic temperature of spin fluctuations detected by muSR decreases with increasing doping and vanishes above a critical doping pc=0.19 where the normal state pseudogap vanishes. Furthermore, it is at pc that our penetration depth studies show an abrupt change in the doping dependence of the superfluid density. For p>pc the absolute value of the superfluid density is large and nearly independent of carrier concentration whereas for p
- Published
- 2002
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244. Temperature dependence of electrical resistivity of high-Tc cuprates - from pseudogap to overdoped regions
- Author
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Naqib, S. H., Cooper, J. R., Tallon, J. L., and Panagopoulos, C.
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity - Abstract
The effects of planar hole concentration, p, and in-plane disorder, Zn (y), on the DC resistivity, r(T), of sintered samples of Y_{1-x}Ca_xBa_2(Cu_{1-y}Zn_y)_3O_{7-d} were investigated over a wide doping range by changing both the oxygen deficiency (d) and Ca content (x). From the r(T,p) data we extracted characteristic crossover temperatures on the underdoped and overdoped sides, T* and T_m respectively, above which r(T) is linear. We compare our results with a number of other polycrystalline, thin film and single crystal cuprate superconductors and find similar behavior in the p-dependence of T*(p), T_m(p), and the resistivity exponent, m(p), in fits to r(T) = r_0 + aT^m on the overdoped side. Our findings point towards the possible existence of a quantum critical point (QCP) at the doping p=0.19 +/- 0.01., Comment: Text in pdf (12 pages)and six ps figures
- Published
- 2002
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- View/download PDF
245. Evidence for a generic novel quantum transition in high-Tc cuprates
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Panagopoulos, C., Tallon, J. L., Rainford, B. D., Xiang, T., Cooper, J. R., and Scott, C. A.
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity - Abstract
We study the low-energy spin fluctuations and superfluid density of a series of pure and Zn-substituted high-$T_c$ superconductors (HTS) using the muon spin relaxation and $ac$-susceptibility techniques. At a critical doping state, $p_c$, we find (i) simultaneous abrupt changes in the magnetic spectrum in the superconducting ground state and (ii) that the slowing down of spin fluctuations becomes singular at T=0. These results provide experimental evidence for a novel quantum transition that separates the superconducting phase diagram of HTS into two distinct ground states., Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
246. Long-term Comparative Immunogenicity of Protein Conjugate and Free Polysaccharide Pneumococcal Vaccines in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
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Dransfield, Mark T, Harnden, Sarah, Burton, Robert L, Albert, Richard K, Bailey, William C, Casaburi, Richard, Connett, John, Cooper, J Allen D, Criner, Gerard J, Curtis, Jeffrey L, Han, MeiLan K, Make, Barry, Marchetti, Nathaniel, Martinez, Fernando J, McEvoy, Charlene, Nahm, Moon H, Niewoehner, Dennis E, Porszasz, Janos, Reilly, John, Scanlon, Paul D, Scharf, Steven M, Sciurba, Frank C, Washko, George R, Woodruff, Prescott G, Lazarus, Stephen C, and Network, for the NIH COPD Clinical Research
- Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Clinical Sciences ,Lung ,Infectious Diseases ,Clinical Research ,Pneumonia & Influenza ,Prevention ,Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities ,Pneumonia ,Immunization ,Biotechnology ,Vaccine Related ,Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ,3.4 Vaccines ,Prevention of disease and conditions ,and promotion of well-being ,Respiratory ,Infection ,Good Health and Well Being ,Aged ,Cohort Studies ,Female ,Heptavalent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine ,Humans ,Immunoglobulin G ,Male ,Middle Aged ,Phagocytosis ,Pneumococcal Infections ,Pneumococcal Vaccines ,Proportional Hazards Models ,Pulmonary Disease ,Chronic Obstructive ,NIH COPD Clinical Research Network ,Biological Sciences ,Medical and Health Sciences ,Microbiology ,Clinical sciences - Abstract
BackgroundAlthough the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) protects against invasive disease in young healthy persons, randomized controlled trials in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have demonstrated no benefit in the intention-to-treat population. We previously reported that the 7-valent diphtheria-conjugated pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PCV7) is safe and induced greater serotype-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) and functional antibody than did PPSV23 1 month after vaccination. We hypothesized that these advantages would persist at 1 and 2 years.MethodsOne hundred eighty-one patients with moderate to severe COPD were randomized to receive PPSV23 (n = 90) or PCV7 (1.0 mL; n = 91). We measured IgG by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and assessed functional antibody activity by a standardized opsonophagocytosis assay, reported as a killing index (OPK). We determined differences in IgG and OPK between vaccine groups at 1 and 2 years.ResultsRelative to PPSV23, PCV7 induced greater OPK at both 1 and 2 years for 6 of 7 serotypes (not 19F). This response was statistically greater for 5 of 7 serotypes at 1 year and 4 of 7 at 2 years. Comparable differences in IgG were observed but were less often statistically significant. Despite meeting Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for PPSV23 administration, almost 50% of individuals had never been vaccinated. No differences in the frequency of acute exacerbations, pneumonia, or hospitalization were observed.ConclusionsPCV7 induces a greater functional antibody response than PPSV23 in patients with COPD that persists for 2 years after vaccination. This superior functional response supports testing of conjugate vaccination in studies examining clinical end points.Clinical trials registrationNCT00457977.
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- 2012
247. de Haas-van Alphen effect in single crystal MgB_2
- Author
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Yelland, E. A., Cooper, J. R., Carrington, A., Hussey, N. E., Meeson, P. J., Lee, S., Yamamoto, A., and Tajima, S.
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity - Abstract
We report observations of quantum oscillations in single crystals of the high temperature superconductor MgB_2. Three de Haas-van Alphen frequencies are clearly resolved. Comparison with band structure calculations strongly suggests that two of these come from a single warped Fermi surface tube along the c direction, and that the third arises from cylindrical sections of an in-plane honeycomb network. The measured values of the effective mass range from 0.44-0.68 m_e. By comparing these with band masses calculated recently by three groups, we find that the electron-phonon coupling strength lambda, is a factor \~3 larger for the c-axis tube orbits than for the in-plane network orbit, in accord with recent microscopic calculations., Comment: 4 pages (revtex 4) including figures. Accepted for Publication in Phys. Rev. Lett
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
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248. The magnetic field dependence of the electronic specific heat of Y_{0.8}Ca_{0.2}Ba_2Cu_3O_{6+x}
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Luo, J. L., Loram, J. W., Xiang, T., Cooper, J. R., and Tallon, J. L.
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity ,Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons - Abstract
We have measured the electronic specific heat of $Y_{0.8}Ca_{0.2}Ba_2Cu_3O_{7-\delta}$ using a high-resolution differential technique from liquid helium temperature to room temperature in an applied magnetic field up to 13T. The field dependence of the electronic specific heat at low temperatures in the superconducting state behaves differently in the overdoped and underdoped regimes, varing as $\sqrt{H}$ in the overdoped regime but as $H$ in the underdoped regime. An entropy loss is observed in the normal state in optimal and underdoped samples, which can be attributed to the opening of a normal state psuedogap. From the temperature and field dependences of the free energy, the temperature dependence of the upper critical field $H_{c2}$ is determined. For the overdoped sample ($x=0.79$), we find $H_{c2}$ to have a negative curvature., Comment: 7 pages, 10 figures
- Published
- 2001
249. Equivalence of Kinetic Theories of Bose-Einstein Condensation
- Author
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Wachter, J., Walser, R., Cooper, J., and Holland, M.
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics - Abstract
We discuss the equivalence of two non-equilibrium kinetic theories that describe the evolution of a dilute, Bose-Einstein condensed atomic gas in a harmonic trap. The second-order kinetic equations of Walser et al. [PRA 63, 013607 (2001)] reduce to the Gross-Pitaevskii equation and the quantum Boltzmann equation in the low and high temperature limits, respectively. These kinetic equations can thus describe the system in equilibrium (finite temperature) as well as in non-equilibrium (real time). We have found this theory to be equivalent to the non-equilibrium Green's function approach originally proposed by Kadanoff and Baym and more recently applied to inhomogeneous trapped systems by M. Imamovi\'c-Tomasovi\'c and A. Griffin [arXiv:cond-mat/9911402]., Comment: REVTeX3, 6 pages, 2 eps figures, published version, minor changes
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
250. An Empirical Pair-breaking Picture for the Non-linear Meissner Effect in d-wave Superconductors
- Author
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Cooper, J. R.
- Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity - Abstract
A empirical model is proposed for the observed variation of the London penetration depth of cuprate superconductors with applied magnetic field $H$ below the lower critical field H_c1. It is suggested that the Doppler shift of the quasi-particle energies near the d-wave nodes could cause pair-breaking and that this could be responsible for the non-linear Meissner effect (NLME) investigated in recent experiments. This picture gives a somewhat better description of the observed temperature and field dependencies than the original theory proposed by Yip and Sauls. A calculation based on weak-coupling BCS theory suggests that when there is a finite supercurrent, the state for which pairs are broken in a small angular range around the nodes can have a lower free energy than the d_x^2-y^2 state., Comment: 6 pages, 2 column with postscript figures
- Published
- 2000
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