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3. Evaluation of eight lateral flow tests for the detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in a vaccinated population

Author

Greenland-Bews, Caitlin, Byrne, Rachel L., Owen, Sophie I., Watkins, Rachel L., Bengey, Daisy, Buist, Kate, Clerkin, Karina, Escadafal, Camille, Finch, Lorna S., Gould, Susan, Giorgi, Emanuele, Hodgkinson, Andy, Mashenko, Larysa, Powell, Darren, Savage, Helen R., Thompson, Caitlin R., Turtle, Lance, Wardale, Jahanara, Wooding, Dominic, Edwards, Thomas, Atienzar, Ana Cubas, and Adams, Emily R.

Published
2023
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5. Predicted Impact of COVID-19 on Neglected Tropical Disease Programs and the Opportunity for Innovation

Author

Toor, Jaspreet, Adams, Emily R, Aliee, Maryam, Amoah, Benjamin, Anderson, Roy M, Ayabina, Diepreye, Bailey, Robin, Basáñez, Maria-Gloria, Blok, David J, Blumberg, Seth, Borlase, Anna, Rivera, Rocio Caja, Castaño, María Soledad, Chitnis, Nakul, Coffeng, Luc E, Crump, Ronald E, Das, Aatreyee, Davis, Christopher N, Davis, Emma L, Deiner, Michael S, Diggle, Peter J, Fronterre, Claudio, Giardina, Federica, Giorgi, Emanuele, Graham, Matthew, Hamley, Jonathan ID, Huang, Ching-I, Kura, Klodeta, Lietman, Thomas M, Lucas, Tim CD, Malizia, Veronica, Medley, Graham F, Meeyai, Aronrag, Michael, Edwin, Porco, Travis C, Prada, Joaquin M, Rock, Kat S, Le Rutte, Epke A, Smith, Morgan E, Spencer, Simon EF, Stolk, Wilma A, Touloupou, Panayiota, Vasconcelos, Andreia, Vegvari, Carolin, de Vlas, Sake J, Walker, Martin, and Hollingsworth, T Déirdre

Subjects
Rare Diseases, Infectious Diseases, Vector-Borne Diseases, Orphan Drug, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, COVID-19, Humans, Neglected Diseases, Pandemics, SARS-CoV-2, Tropical Medicine, neglected tropical diseases, coronavirus, modeling, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Microbiology
Abstract

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, many key neglected tropical disease (NTD) activities have been postponed. This hindrance comes at a time when the NTDs are progressing towards their ambitious goals for 2030. Mathematical modelling on several NTDs, namely gambiense sleeping sickness, lymphatic filariasis, onchocerciasis, schistosomiasis, soil-transmitted helminthiases (STH), trachoma, and visceral leishmaniasis, shows that the impact of this disruption will vary across the diseases. Programs face a risk of resurgence, which will be fastest in high-transmission areas. Furthermore, of the mass drug administration diseases, schistosomiasis, STH, and trachoma are likely to encounter faster resurgence. The case-finding diseases (gambiense sleeping sickness and visceral leishmaniasis) are likely to have fewer cases being detected but may face an increasing underlying rate of new infections. However, once programs are able to resume, there are ways to mitigate the impact and accelerate progress towards the 2030 goals.

Published
2021

8. Gauging the skin resident Leishmania parasites through a loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay in post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis

Author

Ghosh, Prakash, Chowdhury, Rajashree, Maruf, Shomik, Picado, Albert, Hossain, Faria, Owen, Sophie I., Nath, Rupen, Baker, James, Hasnain, Md Golam, Shomik, Mohammad Sohel, Ghosh, Debashis, Rashid, Masud, Rashid, Md. Utba, Sagar, Soumik Kha, Rahat, Md. Abu, Basher, Ariful, Nath, Proggananda, Edwards, Thomas, Andrews, Jason R., Duthie, Malcolm S., de Souza, Dziedzom K., Adams, Emily R., Ndungu, Joseph, Cruz, Israel, and Mondal, Dinesh

Published
2022
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12. Application of a High-Resolution Melt Assay for Monitoring SARS-CoV-2 Variants in Burkina Faso and Kenya

Author

Greenland-Bews, Caitlin, primary, Shah, Sonal, additional, Achieng, Morine, additional, Badoum, Emilie S, additional, Bah, Yaya, additional, Barsosio, Hellen C, additional, Brazal-Monzó, Helena, additional, Canizales, Jennifer, additional, Drabko, Anna, additional, Fraser, Alice J, additional, Hannan, Luke, additional, Jarju, Sheikh J, additional, Kaboré, Jean-Moise T, additional, Kujabi, Mariama A, additional, Lesosky, Maia, additional, Manneh, Jarra, additional, Marlais, Tegwen, additional, Matthewman, Julian, additional, Nebie, Issa, additional, Onyango, Eric D, additional, Ouedraogo, Alphonse, additional, Otieno, Kephas, additional, Serme, Samuel S, additional, Sirima, Sodiomon B, additional, Soulama, Ben I, additional, Tangara, Brian, additional, Tiono, Alfred B, additional, Wu, William, additional, Sesay, Abdul Karim, additional, Adams, Emily R, additional, Drakeley, Chris, additional, ter Kuile, Feiko O, additional, Soulama, Issiaka, additional, Kariuki, Simon, additional, Allen, David J, additional, and Edwards, Thomas, additional

Published
2024
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13. Genetic analysis and molecular basis of G6PD deficiency among malaria patients in Thailand: implications for safe use of 8-aminoquinolines

Author

Boonyuen, Usa, primary, Jacob, Beatriz Aira C., additional, Wongwigkan, Jutamas, additional, Chamchoy, Kamonwan, additional, Singha-art, Natsamon, additional, Pengsuk, Natnicha, additional, Songdej, Duantida, additional, Adams, Emily R., additional, Edwards, Thomas, additional, Chamnanchanunt, Supat, additional, Amran, Syazwani Itri, additional, Latif, Nurriza Ab, additional, Louis, Naveen Eugene, additional, and Chandran, Shamini, additional

Published
2024
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14. The Hidden Hand of Asymptomatic Infection Hinders Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases : A Modeling Analysis

Author

Rock, Kat S, Chapman, Lloyd A C, Dobson, Andrew P, Adams, Emily R, Hollingsworth, T Déirdre, Rock, Kat S, Chapman, Lloyd A C, Dobson, Andrew P, Adams, Emily R, and Hollingsworth, T Déirdre

Abstract

Background Neglected tropical diseases are responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality in low-income populations. International efforts have reduced their global burden, but transmission is persistent and case-finding-based interventions rarely target asymptomatic individuals. Methods We develop a generic mathematical modeling framework for analyzing the dynamics of visceral leishmaniasis in the Indian sub-continent (VL), gambiense sleeping sickness (gHAT), and Chagas disease and use it to assess the possible contribution of asymptomatics who later develop disease (pre-symptomatics) and those who do not (non-symptomatics) to the maintenance of infection. Plausible interventions, including active screening, vector control, and reduced time to detection, are simulated for the three diseases.ResultsWe found that the high asymptomatic contribution to transmission for Chagas and gHAT and the apparently high basic reproductive number of VL may undermine long-term control. However, the ability to treat some asymptomatics for Chagas and gHAT should make them more controllable, albeit over relatively long time periods due to the slow dynamics of these diseases. For VL, the toxicity of available therapeutics means the asymptomatic population cannot currently be treated, but combining treatment of symptomatics and vector control could yield a quick reduction in transmission.ConclusionsDespite the uncertainty in natural history, it appears there is already a relatively good toolbox of interventions to eliminate gHAT, and it is likely that Chagas will need improvements to diagnostics and their use to better target pre-symptomatics. The situation for VL is less clear, and model predictions could be improved by additional empirical data. However, interventions may have to improve to successfully eliminate this disease.

Published
2024

15. Finding the missed millions: innovations to bring tuberculosis diagnosis closer to key populations.

Author

Byrne, Rachel L., Wingfield, Tom, Adams, Emily R., Banu, Sayera, Bimba, John Samson, Codlin, Andrew, Atienzar, Ana Cubas, Garg, Tushar, John, Stephen, Gurgel, Ricardo Queiroz, Sander, Melissa, Santos, Victor Santana, Squire, S. Bertel, Vo, Luan Nguyen Quang, and Creswell, Jacob

Subjects
TUBERCULOSIS diagnosis, HEALTH facilities, POINT-of-care testing, MEDICAL technology, HEALTH equity
Abstract

Current strategies to promptly, effectively, and equitably screen people with tuberculosis (TB) and link them to diagnosis and care are insufficient; new approaches are required to find the millions of people around the world with TB who are missed each year. Interventions also need to be designed considering how people interact with health care facilities and where appropriate should be suitable for use in the community. Here, the historical, new, and reemerging technologies that are being utilised for TB diagnosis globally are discussed, whilst highlighting that how we use and evaluate tests is just as important as the tests themselves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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19. Self-sampling of capillary blood for SARS-CoV-2 serology

Author

Brown, Lottie, Byrne, Rachel L., Fraser, Alice, Owen, Sophie I., Cubas-Atienzar, Ana I., Williams, Christopher T., Kay, Grant A., Cuevas, Luis E., Fitchett, Joseph R. A., Fletcher, Tom, Garrod, Gala, Kontogianni, Konstantina, Krishna, Sanjeev, Menzies, Stefanie, Planche, Tim, Sainter, Chris, Staines, Henry M., Turtle, Lance, and Adams, Emily R.

Published
2021
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21. Efficacy and safety of intermittent preventive treatment and intermittent screening and treatment versus single screening and treatment with dihydroartemisinin–piperaquine for the control of malaria in pregnancy in Indonesia: a cluster-randomised, open-label, superiority trial

Author

Ahmed, Rukhsana, Poespoprodjo, Jeanne R, Syafruddin, Din, Khairallah, Carole, Pace, Cheryl, Lukito, Theda, Maratina, Sylvia S, Asih, Puji B S, Santana-Morales, Maria A, Adams, Emily R, Unwin, Vera T, Williams, Christopher T, Chen, Tao, Smedley, James, Wang, Duolao, Faragher, Brian, Price, Richard N, and ter Kuile, Feiko O

Published
2019
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24. Streptococcus pneumoniae colonization associates with impaired adaptive immune responses against SARS-CoV-2

Author

Mitsi, Elena, Reine, Jesus, Urban, Britta C., Solorzano, Carla, Nikolaou, Elissavet, Hyder-Wright, Angela D., Pojar, Sherin, Howard, Ashleigh, Hitchins, Lisa, Glynn, Sharon, Farrar, Madlen C., Liatsikos, Konstantinos, Collins, Andrea M., Walker, Naomi F., Hill, Helen C., German, Esther L., Cheliotis, Katerina S., Byrne, Rachel L., Williams, Christopher T., Cubas-Atienzar, Ana I., Fletcher, Tom E., Adams, Emily R., Draper, Simon J., Pulido, David, Beavon, Rohini, Theilacker, Christian, Begier, Elizabeth, Jodar, Luis, Gessner, Bradford D., and Ferreira, Daniela M.

Subjects
Streptococcus pneumoniae -- Physiological aspects, Immunological research, Immune response -- Health aspects, Host-bacteria relationships -- Research, Streptococcal infections -- Complications and side effects, Health care industry
Abstract

BACKGROUND. Although recent epidemiological data suggest that pneumococci may contribute to the risk of SARS-CoV-2 disease, cases of coinfection with Streptococcus pneumoniae in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during hospitalization have been reported infrequently. This apparent contradiction may be explained by interactions of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and pneumococci in the upper airway, resulting in the escape of SARS-CoV-2 from protective host immune responses. METHODS. Here, we investigated the relationship of these 2 respiratory pathogens in 2 distinct cohorts of health care workers with asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection identified by systematic screening and patients with moderate to severe disease who presented to the hospital. We assessed the effect of coinfection on host antibody, cellular, and inflammatory responses to the virus. RESULTS. In both cohorts, pneumococcal colonization was associated with diminished antiviral immune responses, which primarily affected mucosal IgA levels among individuals with mild or asymptomatic infection and cellular memory responses in infected patients. CONCLUSION. Our findings suggest that S. pneumoniae impair host immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and raise the question of whether pneumococcal carriage also enables immune escape of other respiratory viruses and facilitates reinfection. TRIAL REGISTRATION. ISRCTN89159899 (FASTER study) and ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03502291 (LAIV study)., Introduction Despite the widespread global effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, few reports have assessed potential interactions between upper airway bacterial colonization and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus [...]

Published
2022
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25. Re-reading of OraQuick HIV-1/2 rapid antibody test results: quality assurance implications for HIV self-testing programmes

Author

Watson, Victoria, Dacombe, Russell J., Williams, Christopher, Edwards, Thomas, Adams, Emily R., Johnson, Cheryl C., Mutseta, Miriam N., Corbett, Elizabeth L., Cowan, Frances M., Ayles, Helen, Hatzold, Karin, MacPherson, Peter, and Taegtmeyer, Miriam

Subjects
HIV infections -- Diagnosis, HIV tests -- Usage, Health policy -- Analysis, Health
Abstract

Introduction: Scale-up of HIV self-testing (HIVST) will play a key role in meeting the United Nation's 90-90-90 targets. Delayed re-reading of used HIVST devices has been used by early implementation studies to validate the performance of self-test kits and to estimate HIV positivity among self-testers. We investigated the stability of results on used devices under controlled conditions to assess its potential as a quality assurance approach for HIVST scale-up. Methods: 444 OraQuick[R] HIV-1/2 rapid antibody tests were conducted using commercial plasma from two HIV-positive donors and HIV-negative plasma (high-reactive n = 148, weak-reactive n = 148 and non-reactive n = 148) and incubated them for six months under four conditions (combinations of high and low temperatures and humidity). Devices were reread daily for one week, weekly for one subsequent month and then once a month by independent readers unaware of the previous results. We used multistage transition models to investigate rates of change in device results, and between storage conditions. Results and discussion: There was a high incidence of device instability. Forty-three (29%) of 148 initially non-reactive results became false weak-reactive results. These changes were observed across all incubation conditions, the earliest on Day 4 (n = 9 kits). No initially HIV-reactive results changed to a non-reactive result. There were no significant associations between storage conditions and hazard of results transition. We observed substantial statistical agreement between independent re-readers over time (agreement range: 0.74 to 0.96). Conclusions: Delayed re-reading of used OraQuick[R] HIV-1/2 rapid antibody tests is not currently a valid methodologica approach to quality assurance and monitoring as we observed a high incidence (29%) of true non-reactive tests changing to false weak-reactive and therefore its use may overestimate true HIV positivity. Keywords: HIV self-testing; Quality assurance; Delayed re-reading; Visual stability; False reactive; Misdiagnosis; HIV testing, 1 | INTRODUCTION HIV self-testing (HIVST) is being scaled-up using a variety of distribution models throughout Africa, the Americas, Asia and Europe [1-4]. No clear monitoring and evaluation or external [...]

Published
2019
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26. Comparison of the analytical and clinical sensitivity of thirty-four rapid antigen tests with the most prevalent SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern during the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK

Author

Byrne, Rachel Louise, primary, Aljayyoussi, Ghaith, additional, Greenland - Bews, Caitlin, additional, Kontogianni, Konstantina, additional, Wooding, Dominic, additional, Williams, Christopher T, additional, de Vos, Margaretha, additional, Body, Richard, additional, Adams, Emily R, additional, Escadafel, Camille, additional, Edwards, Thomas R, additional, and Cubas Atienzar, Ana I, additional

Published
2023
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32. Laboratory Evaluation and Field Testing of Dengue NS1 and IgM/IgG Rapid Diagnostic Tests in an Epidemic Context in Senegal

Author

Ndiaye, Oumar, primary, Woolston, Kevin, additional, Gaye, Aboubacry, additional, Loucoubar, Cheikh, additional, Cocozza, Michael, additional, Fall, Cheikh, additional, Dia, Fatou, additional, Adams, Emily R., additional, Samb, Marième, additional, Camara, Diogop, additional, Sadio, Bacary Djilocalisse, additional, Diagne, Cheikh T., additional, Faye, Oumar, additional, Weidmann, Manfred, additional, Fitchett, Joseph R. A., additional, Sall, Amadou Alpha, additional, and Diagne, Cheikh Tidiane, additional

Published
2023
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34. An optimised method for the recovery of laboratory generated SARS-CoV-2 aerosols by plaque assay

Author

Byrne, Rachel L, primary, Gould, Susan, additional, Edwards, Thomas, additional, Wooding, Dominic, additional, Atkinson, Barry, additional, Moore, Ginny, additional, Collings, Kieran, additional, Boisdon, Cedric, additional, Maher, Simon, additional, Biagini, Giancarlo, additional, Adams, Emily R, additional, Fletcher, Tom, additional, and Pennington, Shaun H, additional

Published
2022
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35. A novel, magnetic bead-based extraction method for the isolation of antimicrobial resistance genes with a case study in river water in Malawi

Author

Byrne, Rachel L., primary, Cocker, Derek, additional, Alyayyoussi, Ghaith, additional, Mphasa, Madalitso, additional, Charles, Mary, additional, Mandula, Tamandani, additional, Williams, Christopher T., additional, Rigby, Jonathan, additional, Hearn, Jack, additional, Feasey, Nicholas, additional, Adams, Emily R., additional, and Edwards, Thomas, additional

Published
2022
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36. Additional file 1 of Molecular surveillance reveals widespread colonisation by carbapenemase and extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing organisms in neonatal units in Kenya and Nigeria

Author

Edwards, Thomas, Williams, Christopher T., Olwala, Macrine, Andang’o, Pauline, Otieno, Walter, Nalwa, Grace N., Akindolire, Abimbola, Cubas-Atienzar, Ana I., Ross, Toby, Tongo, Olukemi O., Adams, Emily R., Nabwera, Helen, and Allen, Stephen

Abstract

Additional file 1: Table S1. Occurrence of selected variables in participants according to colonisation with ESBL and CPOs.

Published
2023
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37. Additional file 1 of Evaluation of eight lateral flow tests for the detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in a vaccinated population

Author

Greenland-Bews, Caitlin, Byrne, Rachel L., Owen, Sophie I., Watkins, Rachel L., Bengey, Daisy, Buist, Kate, Clerkin, Karina, Escadafal, Camille, Finch, Lorna S., Gould, Susan, Giorgi, Emanuele, Hodgkinson, Andy, Mashenko, Larysa, Powell, Darren, Savage, Helen R., Thompson, Caitlin R., Turtle, Lance, Wardale, Jahanara, Wooding, Dominic, Edwards, Thomas, Atienzar, Ana Cubas, and Adams, Emily R.

Abstract

Additional file 1. Supplementary Materials.

Published
2023
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38. Genotype-phenotype association and biochemical analyses of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase variants: Implications for the hemolytic risk of using 8-aminoquinolines for radical cure

Author

Sudsumrit, Sirapapha, primary, Chamchoy, Kamonwan, additional, Songdej, Duantida, additional, Adisakwattana, Poom, additional, Krudsood, Srivicha, additional, Adams, Emily R., additional, Imwong, Mallika, additional, Leartsakulpanich, Ubolsree, additional, and Boonyuen, Usa, additional

Published
2022
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40. The aerobiology of SARS-CoV-2 in UK hospitals and the impact of aerosol generating procedures

Author

Gould, Susan, primary, Byrne, Rachel L, additional, Edwards, Thomas, additional, Aljayyoussi, Ghaith, additional, Wooding, Dominic, additional, Buist, Kate, additional, Kontogianni, Konstantina, additional, Bennett, Allan, additional, Atkinson, Barry, additional, Moore, Ginny, additional, Dunning, Jake, additional, Todd, Stacy, additional, Hoyle, Marie-Claire, additional, Turtle, Lance, additional, Solomon, Tom, additional, Fitzgerald, Richard, additional, Beadsworth, Mike, additional, Garner, Paul, additional, Adams, Emily R, additional, and Fletcher, Tom, additional

Published
2022
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45. Health-seeking behaviour, diagnostics and transmission dynamics in the control of visceral leishmaniasis in the Indian subcontinent

Author

Medley, Graham F., Hollingsworth, T. Deirdre, Olliaro, Piero L., and Adams, Emily R.

Subjects
Mortality -- Analysis -- India -- Nepal -- Bangladesh, Kala-azar -- Health aspects -- Risk factors -- Care and treatment, Company business management, Environmental issues, Science and technology, Zoology and wildlife conservation, World Health Organization -- Management
Abstract

The protozoan parasite Leishmania is transmitted by the bite of an infected sand fly. It disproportionately affects the poorest communities in endemic countries, and has an associated global mortality of [...]

Published
2015
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46. Diagnostic performance of GENEDIA W and ActiveXpress+ COVID-19 antigens tests among symptomatic individuals in Peru and The United Kingdom

Author

Palomino-Padilla, Sandra, Finch, Lorna, de Vos, Margaretha, Savage, Helen Rose, Villa-Castillo, Luz, Hayward, Gail, Cook, Eloïse, Escadafal, Camille, Body, Richard, Adams, Emily R., Ugarte-Gil, Cesar, and Cubas Atienzar, Ana Isabel

Subjects
COVID-19 Testing, Multidisciplinary, Peru, Humans, Prospective Studies, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, United Kingdom
Abstract

Objectives In order to generate independent performance data regarding accuracy of COVID-19 antigen-based rapid diagnostic tests (Ag-RDTs), prospective diagnostic evaluation studies across multiple sites are required to evaluate their performance in different clinical settings. This report describes the clinical evaluation the GENEDIA W COVID-19 Ag Device (Green Cross Medical Science Corp., Chungbuk, Korea) and the ActiveXpress+ COVID-19 Complete Testing Kit (Edinburgh Genetics Ltd, UK), in two testing sites Peru and the United Kingdom. Methods Nasopharyngeal swabs collected from 456 symptomatic patients at primary points of care in Lima, Peru and 610 symptomatic participants at a COVID-19 Drive-Through testing site in Liverpool, England were analyzed by Ag-RDT and compared to RT-PCR. Analytical evaluation of both Ag-RDTs was assessed using serial dilutions of direct culture supernatant of a clinical SARS-CoV-2 isolate from the B.1.1.7 lineage. Results For GENEDIA brand, the values of overall sensitivity and specificity were 60.4% [95% CI 52.4–67.9%], and 99.2% [95% CI 97.6–99.7%] respectively; and for Active Xpress+ the overall values of sensitivity and specificity were 66.2% [95% CI 54.0–76.5%], and 99.6% [95% CI 97.9–99.9%] respectively. The analytical limit of detection was determined at 5.0 x 102 pfu/ml what equals to approximately 1.0 x 104 gcn/ml for both Ag-RDTs. The UK cohort had lower median Ct values compared to that of Peru during both evaluations. When split by Ct, both Ag-RDTs had optimum sensitivities at Ct Conclusions Whilst the overall clinical sensitivity of the Genedia did not meet WHO minimum performance requirements for rapid immunoassays in either cohort, the ActiveXpress+ did so for the small UK cohort. This study illustrates comparative performance of Ag-RDTs across two global settings and considers the different approaches in evaluation methods.

Published
2023

47. Twelve lateral flow immunoassays (LFAs) to detect SARS-CoV-2 antibodies

Author

Owen, Sophie I., Williams, Christopher T., Garrod, Gala, Fraser, Alice J., Menzies, Stefanie, Baldwin, Lisa, Brown, Lottie, Byrne, Rachel L., Collins, Andrea M., Cubas-Atienzar, Ana I., de Vos, Margaretha, Edwards, Thomas, Escadafal, Camille, Ferreira, Daniela M., Fletcher, Tom, Hyder-Wright, Angela, Kay, Grant A., Kontogianni, Konstantina, Mason, Jenifer, Mitsi, Elena, Planche, Tim, Sacks, Jilian A., Taylor, Joseph, Todd, Stacy, Tully, Caroline, Cuevas, Luis E., Adams, Emily R., Owen, Sophie I., Williams, Christopher T., Garrod, Gala, Fraser, Alice J., Menzies, Stefanie, Baldwin, Lisa, Brown, Lottie, Byrne, Rachel L., Collins, Andrea M., Cubas-Atienzar, Ana I., de Vos, Margaretha, Edwards, Thomas, Escadafal, Camille, Ferreira, Daniela M., Fletcher, Tom, Hyder-Wright, Angela, Kay, Grant A., Kontogianni, Konstantina, Mason, Jenifer, Mitsi, Elena, Planche, Tim, Sacks, Jilian A., Taylor, Joseph, Todd, Stacy, Tully, Caroline, Cuevas, Luis E., and Adams, Emily R.

Abstract

Background: There are an abundance of commercially available lateral flow assays (LFAs) that detect antibodies to SARS-CoV-2. Whilst these are usually evaluated by the manufacturer, externally performed diagnostic accuracy studies to assess performance are essential. Herein we present an evaluation of 12 LFAs. Methods: Sera from 100 SARS-CoV-2 reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) positive participants were recruited through the FASTER study. A total of 105 pre-pandemic sera from participants with other infections were included as negative samples. Results: At presentation sensitivity against RT-PCR ranged from 37.4 to 79% for IgM/IgG, 30.3–74% for IgG, and 21.2–67% for IgM. Sensitivity for IgM/IgG improved ≥ 21 days post symptom onset for 10/12 tests. Specificity ranged from 74.3 to 99.1% for IgM/IgG, 82.9–100% for IgG, and 75.2–98% for IgM. Compared to the EuroImmun IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), sensitivity and specificity ranged from 44.6 to 95.4% and 85.4–100%, respectively. Conclusion: There are many LFAs available with varied sensitivity and specificity. Understanding the diagnostic accuracy of these tests will be vital as we come to rely more on the antibody status of a person moving forward, and as such manufacturer-independent evaluations are crucial.

Published
2022

48. Piperacillin/tazobactam-resistant, cephalosporin-susceptible Escherichia coli bloodstream infections are driven by multiple acquisition of resistance across diverse sequence types

Author

Edwards, Thomas, primary, Heinz, Eva, additional, van Aartsen, Jon, additional, Howard, Alex, additional, Roberts, Paul, additional, Corless, Caroline, additional, Fraser, Alice J., additional, Williams, Christopher T., additional, Bulgasim, Issra, additional, Cuevas, Luis E., additional, Parry, Christopher M., additional, Roberts, Adam P., additional, Adams, Emily R., additional, Mason, Jenifer, additional, and Hubbard, Alasdair T. M., additional

Published
2022
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49. Evaluation of Eight Lateral Flow Tests For The Detection Of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies In A Vaccinated Population

Author

Greenland-Bews, Caitlin, primary, Byrne, Rachel L, additional, Owen, Sophie I, additional, Watkins, Rachel L, additional, Bengey, Daisy, additional, Buist, Kate, additional, Clerkin, Karina, additional, Escadafal, Camille, additional, Finch, Lorna S, additional, Gould, Susan, additional, Giorgi, Emanuele, additional, Hodgkinson, Andrew, additional, Mashenko, Larysa, additional, Powell, Darren, additional, Savage, Helen R, additional, Thompson, Caitlin R, additional, Turtle, Lance, additional, Wardale, Jahanara, additional, Wooding, Dominic, additional, Edwards, Thomas, additional, Cubas Atienzar, Ana I, additional, and Adams, Emily R, additional

Published
2022
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50. Longitudinal profile of antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 in patients with COVID-19 in a setting from Sub–Saharan Africa: A prospective longitudinal study

Author

Gebrecherkos, Teklay, primary, Kiros, Yazezew Kebede, additional, Challa, Feyissa, additional, Abdella, Saro, additional, Gebreegzabher, Atsbeha, additional, Leta, Dereje, additional, Desta, Abraham, additional, Hailu, Ataklti, additional, Tasew, Geremew, additional, Abdulkader, Mahmud, additional, Tessema, Masresha, additional, Tollera, Getachew, additional, Kifle, Tsigereda, additional, Arefaine, Zekarias Gessesse, additional, Schallig, Henk HDF, additional, Adams, Emily R., additional, Urban, Britta C., additional, de Wit, Tobias F. Rinke, additional, and Wolday, Dawit, additional

Published
2022
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