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Objectives. Popliteal and infrapopliteal artery injuries have significant morbidity and mortality rates, especially in terms of amputation. In our study, we aimed to evaluate patients who operated due to popliteal and infrapopliteal vascular injuries in our clinic. Patients and Methods. Between 2016 and 2023; 21 patients who were operated in our clinic due to popliteal and infrapopliteal artery injuries were retrospectively evaluated. Results. 2 of the patients were female (9.5%) and 19 were male (90.5%). Age ranges were 21–78. The causes of injury were gunshot wounds in 9 patients (42.86%), blunt trauma in 7 patients (33.33%), and sharp object injuries in 5 patients (23.80%). Reversed saphenous vein interposition in 7 patients (33.33%), primary repair in 6 patients (28.57%), 6 mm polytetrafluoroethylene graft (PTFE) interposition in 3 patients (14.28%), end-to-end anastomosis in 2 patients (9.52%), saphenous-PTFE composite graft interposition in 2 patients (9.52%), and embolectomy in 1 patient (4.76%) were performed. Arterial ligation was not performed. Simultaneous orthopedic intervention was performed in 8 patients. Fasciotomy was performed in 3 patients. Venous repair was performed in 5 patients with venous injuries. Vein ligation was not performed. Mortality was observed postoperatively in 1 patient. No patient developed amputation. Foot drop developed with nerve damage in 2 patients. Conclusion. Mortality and morbidity rates may increase in popliteal and infrapopliteal artery injuries in cases of hemodynamic disorder, simultaneous bone fracture, multivessel injury, and nerve transection. These rates can be reduced by appropriate surgical repair and ensuring hemodynamic stability.

Objective:This study aimed to determine the sleep habits and sleep problems of patients with conduct disorder (CD) and to compare them with healthy controls.Materials and Methods:This cross-sectional study included 45 children diagnosed with CD and 50 healthy controls. Sleep was evaluated by children’s sleep habits questionnaire (CSHQ). Qualitative variables between groups were compared using chi-square test, whereas quantitative variables were compared using t-test. Correlation analyses were conducted to evaluate relationships between the quantitative variables. Linear regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the predictors of severity of CD symptoms. P was set at 0.05.Results:The average ages of children in CD and control groups were 11.04±1.20 and 10.00±1.55 years, respectively. Moreover, 71.1% in the CD group were boys (vs. 78.0% in the control group). The groups were comparable in terms of socio-demographic features (all p>0.05). Scores of all CSHQ subscales were significantly elevated in the CD group compared with the control group (p

Background: Orofacial clefts are the most common congenital craniofacial anomalies, globally. However, few reports describe cleft demographic, clinical, and surgical information in a Turkish population. Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate the demographic, clinical, surgical information and outcomes of cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) patients in Northwestern Turkey. Materials and Methods: We assessed demographic, clinical, operative characteristics, and postoperative complications data in this retrospective review of electronic medical records at a tertiary referral center from 2005 to 2015. Results: Our study included 150 CL/P patients (88 men, 62 women). Cleft lip and palate (CLP) was the most prevalent type of cleft (60%), followed by isolated cleft palate (31.3%) and isolated cleft lip (8.7%). The rates of maternal folic acid use, smoking, alcohol intake, and consanguinity were 83.3%, 5.3%, 1.3%, and 3.3%, respectively. Nasoalveolar molding was applied mostly in bilateral—not unilateral—CLP patients. The modified, extended Mohler technique was common for cleft lip repairs. Most cleft palate repairs used Bardach's two-flap palatoplasty combined with radical intravelar veloplasty. Most cases required grommet insertion. For cleft palate patients, myringotomy or paracentesis was performed in 12.8% of repairs, and acellular dermal matrix was used in 28.5% of repairs. Conclusion: Knowledge of CL/P characteristics is crucial for treatment planning and satisfactory health care. To our knowledge, this is the first study to assess CLP data in a Turkish population.

Objective: The epigastric artery perforator flap is commonly used in the breast reconstruction. Ischemia during surgery results in the necrosis of the flap. We aimed to study the effect of fondaparinux in reperfusion injury in perforator flap model and determined its effects on the flap viability. Materials and Methods: Twenty-eight female Wistar Albino rats were included in this study. Rats were separated into three groups: A control (n = 9), B ischemia (n = 9), and C ischemia + drug (n = 10). Superior epigastric artery perforator flap on the single perforator was elevated in all groups. In Group A, flap was sutured back. In Group B, ischemia was applied for 4 h to the pedicle. In Group C, fondaparinux was administered 30 min before the reperfusion of the flap. Serum malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels, and histopathological examination of the flaps were studied. Results: The mean survival areas of flaps were 92.5%, 50.1%, and 91.1% in Group A, Group B, and Group C, respectively. Statistical differences were observed between these values (P < 0.05). The means of MPO and MDA were 22.3 ng/ml and 4.5 nmol/ml; 31.1 ng/ml and 4.7 nmol/ml; 27.1 ng/ml and 4.5 nmol/ml, respectively, for Group A, Group B, and Group C, and no statistically significant difference was found between groups (P > 0.05). Histopathologically, statistically significant difference was found between Group A, Group B, and Group C in terms of the infiltration of the leukocytes with polymorph nuclei (PMNL) for 24 h (P < 0.05). In the histopathological examinations done at the 7th day, statistically significant difference was found between groups in terms of edema, necrosis, increase in connective tissue, and leukocytes with polymorph nuclei (PMNL) (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Administration of fondaparinux after ischemia increased the flap viability in the epigastric artery perforator flap model.

In children and adolescents, especially younger ones, recurrent abdominal pains may develop as a response to psychosocial stressors. They may be considered as functional and be one of the common reasons for clinical referrals. A rare cause of recurrent, organic abdominal pain is abdominal epilepsy. Abdominal epilepsy may be considered in differential diagnosis of patients that were thought to have functional complaints. In this case, a 16-year-old adolescent girl whose chief complaints included loss of consciousness and recurrent abdominal pains lasting for a year is presented.

Enerji tüketiminin azaltılması ülkelerin gelişimi için çok önemlidir. Yapılarda enerji tüketimi bu nedenle büyük önem arz etmektedir. Binalarda ısı kaybını azaltmak için ısı köprülerini, ısı köprülerini oluşturan yalıtım sisteminin etkilerini ve kullanılan malzemenin davranışlarını çok iyi bilmek gerekmektedir. Bu çalışma, teras katlarda beton, duvar ve yalıtım malzemelerinin ısıl iletkenlik katsayılarının değişiminin ısı köprüsüne etkilerini incelenmektedir. Bunun için literatürden farklı olarak Türkiye'de betonarme binaların teras katları için en sık kullanılan 9 kesit üzerinde inceleme gerçekleştirilmiştir. "Yalıtım sistemi, beton ve/veya duvar malzemesinin değişiminin ısı köprüsüne etkisi ne olmaktadır?" sorusuna yanıt aranmıştır. Hesaplamalar TS 825’te belirtilen birinci derece gün bölgesi için sıvalı durum göz önünde bulundurularak yapılmış olup farklı yalıtım çeşitlerinde duvar-döşeme-kiriş birleşimlerinin ısı akıları ve sıcaklıkları hesaplanmıştır. Hesaplamalarda gerçeğe yakın değerler veren ve sonlu elemanlar metodunu kullanan, QuickField 5.6 programından yararlanılmıştır. Bu çalışmanın sonuçları ile ısı köprülerinde beton, duvar ve yalıtım malzemelerinin ısıl iletkenlik değerlerinin değişiminin iki boyutlu olarak nasıl değiştiği görülmektedir. En büyük ısı kaybı, betonun ısıl iletkenlik katsayısının artması sonucunda elde edilmektedir. Ayrıca elde edilen sonuçlarla teras katlarda kullanılan yalıtım çeşitlerinin hangisinin daha verimli olduğu sorularına da yanıt verilmektedir.

Reconstruction of the lumbosacral region after surgical excision of irradiated and recurrent spinal giant cell tumours remains a challenging problem. In this case report, we describe the use of the pedicled omentum flap in reconstruction of an irradiated and infected wide sacral defect of a 19-year-old male patient. The patient had radiotherapy and subsequent wide surgical resection after recurrence of the tumour. A myocutaneous flap from the gluteal area had failed previously. Local flap options could not be used because of the recent radiotherapy to the gluteal area. Since the patient had a laparotomy for tumour resection and a colostomy, abdominal muscles were not considered reliable for reconstructive procedures. A pedicled omentum flap was chosen as a reconstructive option because of its rich blood supply, large surface area, and angiogenic capacity. This report aims to describe the use of the pedicled omentum flap for reconstruction of the lumbosacral area following surgical resection of a spinal tumour, when gluteal and abdominal flap options for reconstruction are jeopardised.

İnceleme alanında Paleozoyik ve Tersiyer yaşlı oluşuklar, yüzeylenmektedir. Pelitikşist, serizitşist, kloritşist, kuvarsşist, kalkşist, kuvarsit ve mermerlerden ibaret Paleozoyik yaşlı birimler temeli oluştururlar. Bu temel üzerine açılı uyumsuzlukla gelen Pliyosen yaşlı gölsel çökeller, çakıltaşı, kumtaşı, silttaşı, kiltaşı ve kumlu kireçtaşlarından ibarettir. Jeotermik gradyanla ısınan su, kırık ve fay hatları boyunca yükselerek yeryüzüne ulaşmış ve Köşk kaplıca kaynağını oluşturmuştur. Termal suyun debisi 20.08.1997'de bilinen hacim yöntemi ile 3,66 l/s (320 m3/gün), 21.09.1997'de ise 3,46 l/s (300 m3/gün) ölçülmüştür. Kaynak ağzında suyun sıcaklığı maksimumlu termometre ile 35 oC ölçülmüştür. Sıcaklık ölçümlerine ve kimyasal analiz sonuçlarına göre kaynağın suyu, Uluslararası Hidrojeologlar Birliği'nin tanımına göre "Ca, Mg, SO4'lı sıcak ve mineralli su" dur. Köşk kaplıcasının mevcut suyunun debisini ve sıcaklığını artırmak amacıyla 7-8 Eylül 1997 tarihlerinde 7 noktada AB/2 = 700 m açılımlı Rezistivite Düşey Elektrik Sondaj (D.E.S.) ölçümü yapılmıştır. Yapılan jeofizik incelemeler ile jeolojik ve hidrojeolojik gözlemlerin ışığında termal suyun sıcaklığının ve debisinin artmasıbeklenmektedir. Jeofizik-rezistivite D.E.S. verilerine göre suyun debisini ve sıcaklığını artırmak için en uygun sondaj yerinin, 2 ve 3 nolu D.E.S. noktaları arasında hem fayı hem de şistler arasındaki yüksek rezistiviteli kalkşist-kuvarsitleri hedefleyecek şekilde seçilmesi gerekmektedir.

In the study area, Paleozoic and Tertiary aged rock units outcrop. Paleozoic aged rock units which form the basement, are peliticschists, sericitschists, chloriteschists, quartzschists, quartzites and marbles. Pliocene aged rock units, which are lacustrine sediments, conglomerates, sandstones, siltstones, claystones and sandy limestones overlie this basement with angle disconformity. The meteoric water, circulated in the region is heated by the effect of geothermic gradient and emerges near the small town of Köşk, forms the Köşk thermal. Recharge of the thermal water is 3,66 l/s in 20.08.1997 and 3,46 l/s in 21.09.1997. Temperature of the water is 35 oC which measured by using max-thermometer in the emerging point of (well) the water. According to do thermal measurements and the results of chemical analyses the water can be defined as "Ca, Mg, SO4 thermal and mineralized water" by the IUGS standarts. AB/2 = 700 m Rezistivite Deep Electric Drilling has been done to increase the recharge and temperature of the Köşk thermal water at seven points in 7-8 Septemper, 1997. In the light of this geophysical investigations and with the support of geological and hydrogeological conditions, it can be expected that the temperature and recharge of the thermal water would be increased. On the basis of geophysic resiztivite data, to increase of water recharge and its temperature it is suggested that the best drilling sites are between 2 and 3 well-points which are located between fault and high-resiztivite chalkschists-quartzite within schists.

İnceleme alanında Paleozoyik ve Tersiyer yaşlı oluşuklar, yüzeylenmektedir. Pelitikşist, serizitşist, kloritşist, kuvarsşist, kalkşist, kuvarsit ve mermerlerden ibaret Paleozoyik yaşlı birimler temeli oluştururlar. Bu temel üzerine açılı uyumsuzlukla gelen Pliyosen yaşlı gölsel çökeller, çakıltaşı, kumtaşı, silttaşı, kiltaşı ve kumlu kireçtaşlarından ibarettir. Jeotermik gradyanla ısınan su, kırık ve fay hatları boyunca yükselerek yeryüzüne ulaşmış ve Köşk kaplıca kaynağını oluşturmuştur. Termal suyun debisi 20.08.1997'de bilinen hacim yöntemi ile 3,66 l/s (320 m3/gün), 21.09.1997'de ise 3,46 l/s (300 m3/gün) ölçülmüştür. Kaynak ağzında suyun sıcaklığı maksimumlu termometre ile 35 oC ölçülmüştür. Sıcaklık ölçümlerine ve kimyasal analiz sonuçlarına göre kaynağın suyu, Uluslararası Hidrojeologlar Birliği'nin tanımına göre "Ca, Mg, SO4'lı sıcak ve mineralli su" dur. Köşk kaplıcasının mevcut suyunun debisini ve sıcaklığını artırmak amacıyla 7-8 Eylül 1997 tarihlerinde 7 noktada AB/2 = 700 m açılımlı Rezistivite Düşey Elektrik Sondaj (D.E.S.) ölçümü yapılmıştır. Yapılan jeofizik incelemeler ile jeolojik ve hidrojeolojik gözlemlerin ışığında termal suyun sıcaklığının ve debisinin artmasıbeklenmektedir. Jeofizik-rezistivite D.E.S. verilerine göre suyun debisini ve sıcaklığını artırmak için en uygun sondaj yerinin, 2 ve 3 nolu D.E.S. noktaları arasında hem fayı hem de şistler arasındaki yüksek rezistiviteli kalkşist-kuvarsitleri hedefleyecek şekilde seçilmesi gerekmektedir.

Ilıcapınar (Polatlı)'ın BGB'sında yer alan sıcak ve mineralli su kaynağının hidrojeoloji incelemesini amaçlayan bu araştırmada yaklaşık 50 km 2 'lik bir alanın 1/25000 ölçekli jeoloji haritası yapılmıştır. Çatlak ve kırıklar boyunca yerin derinlikerine doğru yer çekim etkisiyle süzülen meteorik sular jeotermik gradyanla ısınmışlardır. Hidrostatik basınç ve sudaki gazların genleşmesi vb. nedenlerle faylar boyunca yükselerek yeryüzüne çıkmışlardır. Sıcak ve mineralli su kaynakları K-G doğrultusunda uzanan fay boyunca çıkmışlardır. Kaynak sıcaklığı 28.5 °C olup debisi 8.4 l/s'dir. Sıcak ve mineralli suların geldiği derinlik 700 m'dir. AIH'a göre Ilıcapınar sıcak ve mineralli su kaynağı Na'lu, HCO3'lu, Cl'lu S'lü, sıcak ve mineralli sudur.

In this study aiming the hydrogeological investigation of thermal and mineralized waters of WSW Ilıcapınar (Polatlı) area. 1/25000 scaled geological maps of appoxiamely 50 km 2 area have been done. Meteoric waters infiltrating to ward to the deep level of the ground along fractures and fissures have been warmed up due to geotermic gradient. They have been up rose to the surface throught fault planes a result of leaving of gases in the water and hydrostatic pressure. Thermal and mineralized waters of ılıcapınar spring discharge along the N-Strending fault. The temperature of the spring is 28.5 °C and discharge is 8.4 l/s. It is determined that the hot and mineralized water are come from about 700 m. According to the IAH standarts hot and mineralized water of ılıcapınar spring can be classifid as Na, HCO3, Cl, S bearing hot and mineralized water.

Ilıcapınar (Polatlı)'ın BGB'sında yer alan sıcak ve mineralli su kaynağının hidrojeoloji incelemesini amaçlayan bu araştırmada yaklaşık 50 km 2 'lik bir alanın 1/25000 ölçekli jeoloji haritası yapılmıştır. Çatlak ve kırıklar boyunca yerin derinlikerine doğru yer çekim etkisiyle süzülen meteorik sular jeotermik gradyanla ısınmışlardır. Hidrostatik basınç ve sudaki gazların genleşmesi vb. nedenlerle faylar boyunca yükselerek yeryüzüne çıkmışlardır. Sıcak ve mineralli su kaynakları K-G doğrultusunda uzanan fay boyunca çıkmışlardır. Kaynak sıcaklığı 28.5 °C olup debisi 8.4 l/s'dir. Sıcak ve mineralli suların geldiği derinlik 700 m'dir. AIH'a göre Ilıcapınar sıcak ve mineralli su kaynağı Na'lu, HCO3'lu, Cl'lu S'lü, sıcak ve mineralli sudur.

Enhancing the biocompatibility of biomaterials is a critical aspect of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Advances in 3D bioprinting technology, blending natural and synthetic materials for the production of bioink, offer new opportunities to develop highly biocompatible materials that can closely mimic the native tissue environment. In this study, we used pericardial fluid structure (PFS)-based material together with alginate to mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM) and produce a bioink material. Thus, blended alginate with PFS material and MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblast cell-laden hydrogels characterized by comparing each other, especially alginate hydrogels, and evaluated in terms of biocompatibility for tissue engineering applications. According to the rheological analysis results, all hydrogel groups A, A-PFS (150 mg), and A-PFS (1:1) had viscoelastic properties. Mechanical tests showed that the A-PFS (1:1) hydrogel had the most strength properties. Additionally, the viscosity values of the hydrogel solutions were in an applicable range for use in 3D bioprinters. It was also found out that PFS increased the biocompatibility of alginate-based bioink, in terms of cell proliferation and differentiation. Overall, these findings suggest that alginate and pericardial fluid-based materials can be successfully used for bioink production. The resulting hydrogels exhibit viscoelastic properties, appropriate viscosity for 3D bioprinting, and support cell viability, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation. This research has the potential not only to produce bioink but also to produce injectable hydrogels and drug delivery systems, which can become biocompatible materials that can be used for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications., (© 2024 International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.)

In vitro release testing (IVRT) is extensively used to develop the formulation of topical semi-solid products, to evaluate the quality and consistency of the product after scale-up and post-approval changes, and more recently to aid the evaluation of topical generic products' equivalency. The selection of synthetic membrane is one of the most critical parameters of the method development part of IVRT. It is well known that the membrane features namely its polymer matrices, porosity, pore size, thickness can have a substantial effect on the IVRT data. However, there is no detailed information available in the literature regarding the membrane selection for different types of topical dosage forms. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether difference topical semi-solid dosage forms of the same drug molecule would cause to variation in the membrane selection. Within this framework, rheological behaviour of commercially available three different types of topical semi-solid dosage forms (ointment, cream, and lotion) of mometasone furoate (0.1%) were primarily characterized. Then, the membrane inertness test was conducted using a series of synthetic hydrophilic membranes (regenerated cellulose, cellulose acetate, cellulose nitrate, mixed cellulose ester membranes) and hydrophobic membranes (polyether sulfone, polypropylene, polytetrafluoroethylene membranes) after identifying of an appropriate receptor medium that ensures sink condition for mometasone furoate. Lastly, IVRT studies from the topical semi-solid products were performed utilizing Franz-type diffusion cells. The membrane inertness and in vitro release data demonstrated that the cellulose acetate membrane showed superior diffusion properties in general while the other synthetic membranes exhibited varying outcomes for different semi-solid dosage forms of mometasone furoate. Overall, the results indicated that the release rate and the cumulative drug released amount of drug after 6 h through the different synthetic membranes might vary depending on the semi-solid dosage form. In order to select the synthetic membrane for IVRT, it should also be considered potential interactions between the polymer matrices and the chemical structure of drug molecule as well as formulation components prior to conducting membrane inertness test and IVRT studies., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing Interest There is no conflict of interest with any commercial or other associations in this study., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Background: Food allergy is a public health issue that has a significant impact on the lives of families. Parental self-efficacy/confidence is important in managing food allergies. The aim of this study is to validate the "Food Allergy Self-Efficacy Scale for Parents" (FASE-P) and assess parental self-efficacy in managing their child's food allergy., Methods: Turkish version of the FASE-P (T-FASE-P) was administered to 347 parents of children aged 0-18 who had been followed for at least one month due to food allergy at the Pediatric Allergy Clinic of Prof. Dr. Cemil Taşcıoğlu City Hospital between September 1 and December 31, 2023, through face-to-face interviews and online surveys for parents of children with food allergies from the general population. Content validity, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were conducted to evaluate the validity of the scale. General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) was used for concurrent criterion validity. Internal consistency analysis, test-retest application, and item analysis were conducted to assess its reliability., Results: T-FASE-P scale initially contained 21 items, and the Cronbach's alpha coefficient (α) calculated in this form was found to be 0.89. Later, when 4 items were excluded, the 17-item version of the scale was calculated as α=0.90. The intra-class correlation coefficient between the test and re-test was found to be 0.972. The content validity index value of the scale was calculated as 0.99, indicating that the content validity was at a sufficient level. In the EFA, it was determined that the scale formed a three-factor structural model and that this model explained 60.82% of the total variance. As a result of the CFA, the fit indices were calculated as χ2/df=2.341, GFI=0.919, TLI=0.950, indicating a good level of fit. Based on the analysis results, T-FASE-P consists of 17 items and three subscales., Conclusion: T-FASE-P scale is a valid and reliable measurement tool that can be used to determine the food allergy self-efficacy of Turkish parents., Competing Interests: The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.