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The United Nations established gender equality as a top priority in its international agenda, and many stakeholders around the world have joined the effort to build a fair playing field for all. Business educators can contribute to this effort by delineating problem areas in gender equality in international business education, uncovering ways to address such problems, and inquiring into the most basic premises we entertain in this quest. Our contribution to this international agenda involves a review of the literature in international business education by focusing on the paradigms that might guide our work on gender equality in the classroom while assessing the content domains addressed and considering the conceptualizations we could use for this task. We map extant knowledge in gender equality in international business education and propose strategies for contributing to the United Nations' goal of increasing gender equality by 2030. Finally, we discuss our vision for research in teaching and learning on gender equality in business education.

A survey of 118 undergraduate business students at a major southwestern university found that most consider non-traditional education as a viable option to traditional education. However, respondents also identified disadvantages of non-traditional programs, such as cost, external validity of degrees, and impersonalized learning environment. (Author/DB)

Calling upon stakeholder theory and the socioemotional wealth (SEW) literature, we investigate how SEW impacts the decline-stemming strategies of family firms. Drawing on a recent conceptualization of SEW, we validate a two-dimensional measurement of the construct using a content analysis technique. Our empirical test on a sample of publicly traded family firms in need of turnaround suggests that the strategic preferences of family firms change depending upon the type of SEW (extended vs. restricted) the owning family values the most. The fine-grained characterization of SEW adopted in this study accounts for within-family-firm differences and thus enables the reconciliation of conflicting findings in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although the United States has been one of the leading actors in international trade, limited evidence exists as to individual U.S. company relationships with overseas customers. On the basis of a sample of 201 U.S. exporting manufacturers, the authors draw a comparison between harmonious and problematic foreign business relationships. The findings reveal that, as opposed to problematic cases, firms with harmonious relationships are more experienced, employ more people, and exhibit more active behavior toward conducting their foreign business. Such firms sell to a greater number of export markets, deal with more foreign customers, and obtain more orders. The study also shows that harmonious relationships with overseas customers are distinguished by greater dependence, trust, understanding, commitment, communication, and cooperation but less distance, uncertainty, and conflict between the parties. The article provides export management with a set of guidelines for establishing, developing, and sustaining successful export business relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents abstracts of articles related to international marketing including "The Perennial Issue of Adaptation or Standardization of International Marketing Communication: Organizational Contingencies and Performance," by Carl Arthur Solberg, "International Brand-Name Standardization/Adaptation: Antecedents and Consequences," by Aref A. Alashban, Linda A. Hayes, George M. Zinkhan and Anne L. Balazs and "Born Global or Gradual Global? Examining the Export Behavior of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises," by Øystein Moen and Per Servais.

Three strategies are identified to improve export performance of emerging market firms: the premium strategy for targeting Europe, the superior value strategy for targeting Japan, and the economy strategy for targeting the US. These approaches are tested and validated using Chinese and Romanian exporters as examples.

This research investigates COO effects in the context of the categorisation paradigm and stereotyping. When the evaluative implications of product attribute information were largely consistent with category-triggered COO affect, subjects were more likely to engage in category-based rather than piecemeal processing. The results also provided considerable support for direct and biased evidence processing often examined within the realm of stereotyping tendencies. The theoretical and practical implications of this research are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]