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5. Global mortality from dementia: Application of a newmethod and results from the global burden of disease study 2019

Author

Nichols, E, Abd-Allah, F, Abdoli, A, Abosetugn, A, Abrha, W, Abualhasan, A, Abu-Gharbieh, E, Akinyemi, R, Alahdab, F, Alanezi, F, Alipour, V, Ansari, I, Arabloo, J, Ashraf-Ganjouei, A, Avan, A, Ayano, G, Babar, Z, Baig, A, Banach, M, Barboza, M, Barker-Collo, S, Baune, B, Srikanth Bhagavathula, A, Bhattacharyya, K, Bijani, A, Biondi, A, Birhan, T, Biswas, A, Bolla, S, Boloor, A, Brayne, C, Brenner, H, Burkart, K, Burns, R, Nagaraja, S, Carvalho, F, Castro-De-araujo, L, Catala-Lopez, F, Cerin, E, Cernigliaro, A, Cherbuin, N, Jasmine Choi, J, Chu, D, Dagnew, B, Dai, X, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Diaz, D, Dibaji Forooshani, Z, Douiri, A, Duncan, B, Edvardsson, D, El-Jaafary, S, Eskandari, K, Eskandarieh, S, Feigin, V, Fereshtehnejad, S, Fernandes, E, Ferrara, P, Filip, I, Fischer, F, Gaidhane, S, Gebregzabiher, K, Ghashghaee, A, Gholamian, A, Gnedovskaya, E, Golechha, M, Gupta, R, Hachinski, V, Hamidi, S, Hankey, G, Haro, J, Hassan, A, Hay, S, Heidari, G, Heidari-Soureshjani, R, Househ, M, Hussain, R, Hwang, B, Ilic, I, Ilic, M, Naghibi Irvani, S, Iso, H, Iwagami, M, Jha, R, Kalani, R, Kandel, H, Karch, A, Kasa, A, Kengne, A, Kim, Y, Kisa, S, Kisa, A, Kivimaki, M, Komaki, H, Aikoyanagi, Kukull, W, Kumar, G, Kumar, M, Landires, I, Leonardi, M, Lim, S, Liu, X, Logroscino, G, Lopez, A, Lorkowski, S, Loy, C, Amin, H, Manafi, N, Manjunatha, N, Mehndiratta, M, Menezes, R, Meretoja, A, Merkin, A, Metekiya, W, Misganaw, A, Mohajer, B, Ibrahim, N, Mohammad, Y, Mohapatra, A, Mohebi, F, Mokdad, A, Mondello, S, Mossie, T, Mulugeta, A, Nagel, G, Naveed, M, Nayak, V, Kandel, S, Nguyen, S, Nguyen, H, Nunez-Samudio, V, Ogbo, F, Olagunju, A, Orru, H, Ostojic, S, Ostroff, S, Otstavnov, N, Otstavnov, S, Owolabi, M, Pathak, M, Toroudi, H, Peterson, C, Pham, H, Phillips, M, Piradov, M, Pottoo, F, Prada, S, Angga Pribadi, D, Radfar, A, Raggi, A, Rahim, F, Ram, P, Rana, J, Rashedi, V, Rawaf, S, Rawaf, D, Reinig, N, Rezaei, N, Robinson, S, Romoli, M, Sachdev, P, Sahathevan, R, Sahebkar, A, Sahraian, M, Sattin, D, Saylan, M, Sayyah, M, Schiavolin, S, Schmidt, M, Shahid, I, Shaikh, M, Shigematsu, M, Shin, J, Shiri, R, Siddiqi, T, Silva, J, Singh, J, Soheili, A, Spurlock, E, Szoeke, C, Tabares-Seisdedos, R, Taddele, B, Thakur, B, Thekke Purakkal, A, Tovani-Palone, M, Tran, B, Travillian, R, Tripathi, M, Tsegaye, G, Usman, M, Vacante, M, Velazquez, D, Venketasubramanian, N, Vidale, S, Vlassov, V, Wang, Y, Wei, J, Weiss, J, Weldemariam, A, Wimo, A, Wu, C, Yadollahpour, A, Yamagishi, K, Yeshitila, Y, Yonemoto, N, Zadey, S, Zhang, Z, Murray, C, Vos, T, Nichols E., Abd-Allah F., Abdoli A., Abosetugn A. E., Abrha W. A., Abualhasan A., Abu-Gharbieh E., Akinyemi R. O., Alahdab F., Alanezi F. M., Alipour V., Ansari I., Arabloo J., Ashraf-Ganjouei A., Avan A., Ayano G., Babar Z. -U. -D., Baig A. A., Banach M., Barboza M. A., Barker-Collo S. L., Baune B. T., Srikanth Bhagavathula A., Bhattacharyya K., Bijani A., Biondi A., Birhan T. A., Biswas A., Bolla S. R., Boloor A., Brayne C., Brenner H., Burkart K., Burns R. A., Nagaraja S. B., Carvalho F., Castro-De-araujo L. F. S., Catala-Lopez F., Cerin E., Cernigliaro A., Cherbuin N., Jasmine Choi J. -Y., Chu D. -T., Dagnew B., Dai X., Dandona L., Dandona R., Diaz D., Dibaji Forooshani Z. S., Douiri A., Duncan B. B., Edvardsson D., El-Jaafary S. I., Eskandari K., Eskandarieh S., Feigin V. L., Fereshtehnejad S. -M., Fernandes E., Ferrara P., Filip I., Fischer F., Gaidhane S., Gebregzabiher K. Z., Ghashghaee A., Gholamian A., Gnedovskaya E. V., Golechha M., Gupta R., Hachinski V., Hamidi S., Hankey G. J., Haro J. M., Hassan A., Hay S. I., Heidari G., Heidari-Soureshjani R., Househ M., Hussain R., Hwang B. -F., Ilic I. M., Ilic M. D., Naghibi Irvani S. S., Iso H., Iwagami M., Jha R. P., Kalani R., Kandel H., Karch A., Kasa A. S., Kengne A. P., Kim Y. -E., Kim Y. J., Kisa S., Kisa A., Kivimaki M., Komaki H., Kukull W. A., Kumar G. A., Kumar M., Landires I., Leonardi M., Lim S. S., Liu X., Logroscino G., Lopez A. D., Lorkowski S., Loy C. T., Amin H. I. M., Manafi N., Manjunatha N., Mehndiratta M. M., Menezes R. G., Meretoja A., Merkin A., Metekiya W. M., Misganaw A. T., Mohajer B., Ibrahim N. M., Mohammad Y., Mohapatra A., Mohebi F., Mokdad A. H., Mondello S., Mossie T. B., Mulugeta A., Nagel G., Naveed M., Nayak V. C., Kandel S. N., Nguyen S. H., Nguyen H. L. T., Nunez-Samudio V., Ogbo F. A., Olagunju A. T., Orru H., Ostojic S. M., Ostroff S. M., Otstavnov N., Otstavnov S. S., Owolabi M. O., Pathak M., Toroudi H. P., Peterson C. B., Pham H. Q., Phillips M. R., Piradov M. A., Pottoo F. H., Prada S. I., Angga Pribadi D. R., Radfar A., Raggi A., Rahim F., Ram P., Rana J., Rashedi V., Rawaf S., Rawaf D. L., Reinig N., Rezaei N., Robinson S. R., Romoli M., Sachdev P. S., Sahathevan R., Sahebkar A., Sahraian M. A., Sattin D., Saylan M., Sayyah M., Schiavolin S., Schmidt M. I., Shahid I., Shaikh M. A., Shigematsu M., Shin J. I., Shiri R., Siddiqi T. J., Silva J. P., Singh J. A., Soheili A., Spurlock E. E., Szoeke C. E. I., Tabares-Seisdedos R., Taddele B. W., Thakur B., Thekke Purakkal A. S., Tovani-Palone M. R., Tran B. X., Travillian R. S., Tripathi M., Tsegaye G. W., Usman M. S., Vacante M., Velazquez D. Z., Venketasubramanian N., Vidale S., Vlassov V., Wang Y. -P., Wei J., Weiss J., Weldemariam A. H., Wimo A., Wu C., Yadollahpour A., Yamagishi K., Yeshitila Y. G., Yonemoto N., Zadey S., Zhang Z. -J., Murray C. J. L., Vos T., Nichols, E, Abd-Allah, F, Abdoli, A, Abosetugn, A, Abrha, W, Abualhasan, A, Abu-Gharbieh, E, Akinyemi, R, Alahdab, F, Alanezi, F, Alipour, V, Ansari, I, Arabloo, J, Ashraf-Ganjouei, A, Avan, A, Ayano, G, Babar, Z, Baig, A, Banach, M, Barboza, M, Barker-Collo, S, Baune, B, Srikanth Bhagavathula, A, Bhattacharyya, K, Bijani, A, Biondi, A, Birhan, T, Biswas, A, Bolla, S, Boloor, A, Brayne, C, Brenner, H, Burkart, K, Burns, R, Nagaraja, S, Carvalho, F, Castro-De-araujo, L, Catala-Lopez, F, Cerin, E, Cernigliaro, A, Cherbuin, N, Jasmine Choi, J, Chu, D, Dagnew, B, Dai, X, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Diaz, D, Dibaji Forooshani, Z, Douiri, A, Duncan, B, Edvardsson, D, El-Jaafary, S, Eskandari, K, Eskandarieh, S, Feigin, V, Fereshtehnejad, S, Fernandes, E, Ferrara, P, Filip, I, Fischer, F, Gaidhane, S, Gebregzabiher, K, Ghashghaee, A, Gholamian, A, Gnedovskaya, E, Golechha, M, Gupta, R, Hachinski, V, Hamidi, S, Hankey, G, Haro, J, Hassan, A, Hay, S, Heidari, G, Heidari-Soureshjani, R, Househ, M, Hussain, R, Hwang, B, Ilic, I, Ilic, M, Naghibi Irvani, S, Iso, H, Iwagami, M, Jha, R, Kalani, R, Kandel, H, Karch, A, Kasa, A, Kengne, A, Kim, Y, Kisa, S, Kisa, A, Kivimaki, M, Komaki, H, Aikoyanagi, Kukull, W, Kumar, G, Kumar, M, Landires, I, Leonardi, M, Lim, S, Liu, X, Logroscino, G, Lopez, A, Lorkowski, S, Loy, C, Amin, H, Manafi, N, Manjunatha, N, Mehndiratta, M, Menezes, R, Meretoja, A, Merkin, A, Metekiya, W, Misganaw, A, Mohajer, B, Ibrahim, N, Mohammad, Y, Mohapatra, A, Mohebi, F, Mokdad, A, Mondello, S, Mossie, T, Mulugeta, A, Nagel, G, Naveed, M, Nayak, V, Kandel, S, Nguyen, S, Nguyen, H, Nunez-Samudio, V, Ogbo, F, Olagunju, A, Orru, H, Ostojic, S, Ostroff, S, Otstavnov, N, Otstavnov, S, Owolabi, M, Pathak, M, Toroudi, H, Peterson, C, Pham, H, Phillips, M, Piradov, M, Pottoo, F, Prada, S, Angga Pribadi, D, Radfar, A, Raggi, A, Rahim, F, Ram, P, Rana, J, Rashedi, V, Rawaf, S, Rawaf, D, Reinig, N, Rezaei, N, Robinson, S, Romoli, M, Sachdev, P, Sahathevan, R, Sahebkar, A, Sahraian, M, Sattin, D, Saylan, M, Sayyah, M, Schiavolin, S, Schmidt, M, Shahid, I, Shaikh, M, Shigematsu, M, Shin, J, Shiri, R, Siddiqi, T, Silva, J, Singh, J, Soheili, A, Spurlock, E, Szoeke, C, Tabares-Seisdedos, R, Taddele, B, Thakur, B, Thekke Purakkal, A, Tovani-Palone, M, Tran, B, Travillian, R, Tripathi, M, Tsegaye, G, Usman, M, Vacante, M, Velazquez, D, Venketasubramanian, N, Vidale, S, Vlassov, V, Wang, Y, Wei, J, Weiss, J, Weldemariam, A, Wimo, A, Wu, C, Yadollahpour, A, Yamagishi, K, Yeshitila, Y, Yonemoto, N, Zadey, S, Zhang, Z, Murray, C, Vos, T, Nichols E., Abd-Allah F., Abdoli A., Abosetugn A. E., Abrha W. A., Abualhasan A., Abu-Gharbieh E., Akinyemi R. O., Alahdab F., Alanezi F. M., Alipour V., Ansari I., Arabloo J., Ashraf-Ganjouei A., Avan A., Ayano G., Babar Z. -U. -D., Baig A. A., Banach M., Barboza M. A., Barker-Collo S. L., Baune B. T., Srikanth Bhagavathula A., Bhattacharyya K., Bijani A., Biondi A., Birhan T. A., Biswas A., Bolla S. R., Boloor A., Brayne C., Brenner H., Burkart K., Burns R. A., Nagaraja S. B., Carvalho F., Castro-De-araujo L. F. S., Catala-Lopez F., Cerin E., Cernigliaro A., Cherbuin N., Jasmine Choi J. -Y., Chu D. -T., Dagnew B., Dai X., Dandona L., Dandona R., Diaz D., Dibaji Forooshani Z. S., Douiri A., Duncan B. B., Edvardsson D., El-Jaafary S. I., Eskandari K., Eskandarieh S., Feigin V. L., Fereshtehnejad S. -M., Fernandes E., Ferrara P., Filip I., Fischer F., Gaidhane S., Gebregzabiher K. Z., Ghashghaee A., Gholamian A., Gnedovskaya E. V., Golechha M., Gupta R., Hachinski V., Hamidi S., Hankey G. J., Haro J. M., Hassan A., Hay S. I., Heidari G., Heidari-Soureshjani R., Househ M., Hussain R., Hwang B. -F., Ilic I. M., Ilic M. D., Naghibi Irvani S. S., Iso H., Iwagami M., Jha R. P., Kalani R., Kandel H., Karch A., Kasa A. S., Kengne A. P., Kim Y. -E., Kim Y. J., Kisa S., Kisa A., Kivimaki M., Komaki H., Kukull W. A., Kumar G. A., Kumar M., Landires I., Leonardi M., Lim S. S., Liu X., Logroscino G., Lopez A. D., Lorkowski S., Loy C. T., Amin H. I. M., Manafi N., Manjunatha N., Mehndiratta M. M., Menezes R. G., Meretoja A., Merkin A., Metekiya W. M., Misganaw A. T., Mohajer B., Ibrahim N. M., Mohammad Y., Mohapatra A., Mohebi F., Mokdad A. H., Mondello S., Mossie T. B., Mulugeta A., Nagel G., Naveed M., Nayak V. C., Kandel S. N., Nguyen S. H., Nguyen H. L. T., Nunez-Samudio V., Ogbo F. A., Olagunju A. T., Orru H., Ostojic S. M., Ostroff S. M., Otstavnov N., Otstavnov S. S., Owolabi M. O., Pathak M., Toroudi H. P., Peterson C. B., Pham H. Q., Phillips M. R., Piradov M. A., Pottoo F. H., Prada S. I., Angga Pribadi D. R., Radfar A., Raggi A., Rahim F., Ram P., Rana J., Rashedi V., Rawaf S., Rawaf D. L., Reinig N., Rezaei N., Robinson S. R., Romoli M., Sachdev P. S., Sahathevan R., Sahebkar A., Sahraian M. A., Sattin D., Saylan M., Sayyah M., Schiavolin S., Schmidt M. I., Shahid I., Shaikh M. A., Shigematsu M., Shin J. I., Shiri R., Siddiqi T. J., Silva J. P., Singh J. A., Soheili A., Spurlock E. E., Szoeke C. E. I., Tabares-Seisdedos R., Taddele B. W., Thakur B., Thekke Purakkal A. S., Tovani-Palone M. R., Tran B. X., Travillian R. S., Tripathi M., Tsegaye G. W., Usman M. S., Vacante M., Velazquez D. Z., Venketasubramanian N., Vidale S., Vlassov V., Wang Y. -P., Wei J., Weiss J., Weldemariam A. H., Wimo A., Wu C., Yadollahpour A., Yamagishi K., Yeshitila Y. G., Yonemoto N., Zadey S., Zhang Z. -J., Murray C. J. L., and Vos T.

Abstract

Introduction: Dementia is currently one of the leading causes of mortality globally, and mortality due to dementia will likely increase in the future along with corresponding increases in population growth and population aging. However, large inconsistencies in coding practices in vital registration systems over time and between countries complicate the estimation of global dementia mortality. Methods: We meta-analyzed the excess risk of death in those with dementia and multiplied these estimates by the proportion of dementia deaths occurring in those with severe, end-stage disease to calculate the total number of deaths that could be attributed to dementia. Results: We estimated that there were 1.62 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI]: 0.41-4.21) deaths globally due to dementia in 2019. More dementia deaths occurred in women (1.06 million [0.27-2.71]) than men (0.56 million [0.14-1.51]), largely but not entirely due to the higher life expectancy in women (age-standardized female-tomale ratio 1.19 [1.10-1.26]). Due to population aging, there was a large increase in allage mortality rates from dementia between 1990 and 2019 (100.1% [89.1-117.5]). In 2019, deaths due to dementia ranked seventh globally in all ages and fourth among individuals 70 and older compared to deaths from other diseases estimated in the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study. Discussion: Mortality due to dementia represents a substantial global burden, and is expected to continue to grow into the future as an older, aging population expands globally.

Published
2021

6. Withdrawal or continuation of cholinesterase inhibitors or memantine or both, in people with dementia.

Author

Lim W.Y., Hughes C., Ward S.A., Passmore P., Loy C., Parsons C., McGuinness B., Lim W.Y., Hughes C., Ward S.A., Passmore P., Loy C., Parsons C., and McGuinness B.

Abstract

Background: Dementia is a progressive syndrome characterised by deterioration in memory, thinking and behaviour, and by impaired ability to perform daily activities. Two classes of drug - cholinesterase inhibitors (donepezil, galantamine and rivastigmine) and memantine - are widely licensed for dementia due to Alzheimer's disease, and rivastigmine is also licensed for Parkinson's disease dementia. These drugs are prescribed to alleviate symptoms and delay disease progression in these and sometimes in other forms of dementia. There are uncertainties about the benefits and adverse effects of these drugs in the long term and in severe dementia, about effects of withdrawal, and about the most appropriate time to discontinue treatment. Objective(s): To evaluate the effects of withdrawal or continuation of cholinesterase inhibitors or memantine, or both, in people with dementia on: cognitive, neuropsychiatric and functional outcomes, rates of institutionalisation, adverse events, dropout from trials, mortality, quality of life and carer-related outcomes. Search Method(s): We searched the Cochrane Dementia and Cognitive Improvement Group's Specialised Register up to 17 October 2020 using terms appropriate for the retrieval of studies of cholinesterase inhibitors or memantine. The Specialised Register contains records of clinical trials identified from monthly searches of a number of major healthcare databases, numerous trial registries and grey literature sources. Selection Criteria: We included all randomised, controlled clinical trials (RCTs) which compared withdrawal of cholinesterase inhibitors or memantine, or both, with continuation of the same drug or drugs. Data Collection and Analysis: Two review authors independently assessed citations and full-text articles for inclusion, extracted data from included trials and assessed risk of bias using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Where trials were sufficiently similar, we pooled data for outcomes in the short term (up to

Published
2021

7. Third Annual Huntington Disease Clinical Research Symposium: Organized by the Huntington Study Group

Author

Dubinsky, Richard, Roberson, Judy, Battaglia, G., Cannella, M., Riozzi, B., Orobello, S., Maat-Schieman, M. L., Aronica, E., Busceti, C. Letizia, Ciarmiello, A., Alberti, S., Sassone, J., Sipione, S., Bruno, V., Frati, L., Nicoletti, F., Squitieri, F., Rao, A., Gordon, A., Marder, K., Nolta, Jan, Anderson, K., Gruber-Baldini, A., Medalie, J., Reich, S., Fishman, P., Robottom, B., Weiner, W., Shulman, L., Langbehn, D., Paulsen, J., Witten, Celia, Cox, M., Feigin, A., Napolitano, B., Goh, A., Yastrubetskaya, O., Chiu, E., Cloud, L., Helmers, S., Jones, R., Factor, S., Emory, C. Testa, Kegelmeyer, D., Kostyk, S., Fritz, N., Kloos, A., Lessig, S., Goldstein, J., Corey-Bloom, J., Simonelli, M., Martino, T., Colonnese, C., Callaghan, J., Arran, N., Boisse, M. F., Coleman, A., Dar Santos, R., Dumas, E., Hart, E. ’t, Justo, D., Read, J., Say, M., Van Den Bogaard, S., Durr, A., Leavitt, B., Roos, R., Tabrizi, S., Bourdet, C., van Duijn, E., Craufurd, D., Evans, K., Vaccarino, A., Aylward, E., Nopoulos, P., Ross, C., Pierson, R., Mills, J., Magnotta, V., Johnson, H., Mitchell, A., Cortes, J. C., Dahmubed, A., Krakauer, J., Mazzoni, P., Russell, D., Jennings, D., Tamagnan, G., Seibyl, J., Koren, A., Zubal, G., Marek, K., Goodman, L., Carnes, R., Giuliano, J., Vetter, L., MacDonald, M., Lee, J. Min, Seong, I. Sik, Fossale, E., Anderson, M. A., Wheeler, V., Gusella, J., Johnson, J., Yu, T., Jones, D., Chan, A., Richardson, K., McCusker, E., Loy, C., Griffith, J., Paulsen, J. S., Waters, S., Tedroff, J., Kieburtz, K., Krogh, P. Lindskov, Buusman, A., Rembratt, Å., Dorey, J., Lamure, M., Toumi, M., von der Schulenburg, J. -M. Graf, Pettersson, F., Dyhring, T., Sonesson, C., Waters, N., Pontén, H., Erwin, C., Williams, J., Juhl, A., Adams, W., Byars, J., O’Rourke, J., Flynn, A., Fiedorowicz, J., Duff, K., Leserman, A., Beglinger, L., Smith, M., Stout, J., Queller, S., Rao, S., Zimbelman, J., Groves, M., Guttman, M., Wexler, E., Perlman, S., Burgunder, J. -M., Rosenblatt, A., van Kammen, D., PREDICT-HD Investigators of the Huntington Study Group, TRACK-FID Investigators, TRACK-HD Investigators, PREDICT-HD Investigators and Coordinators of the Huntington Study Group, PREDICT-HD Investigators of the Huntington Study Group, Investigators of the Huntington Study Group, Huntington Study Group PHAROS Investigators, and PREDICT-HD Investigators of the Huntington Study Group

Published
2010
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14. Global, regional, and country-specific lifetime risks of stroke, 1990 and 2016

Author

Feigin V, Nguyen G, Cercy K, Johnson C, Alam T, Parmar P, Abajobir A, Abate K, Abd-Allah F, Abejie A, Abyu G, Ademi Z, Agarwal G, Ahmed M, Akinyemi R, Al-Raddadi R, Aminde L, Amlie-Lefond C, Ansari H, Asayesh H, Asgedom S, Atey T, Ayele H, Banach M, Banerjee A, Barac A, Barker-Collo S, Barnighausen T, Barregard L, Basu S, Bedi N, Behzadifar M, Bejot Y, Bennett D, Bensenor I, Berhe D, Boneya D, Brainin M, Campos-Nonato I, Caso V, Castaneda-Orjuela C, Rivas J, Catala-Lopez F, Christensen H, Criqui M, Damasceno A, Dandona L, Dandona R, Davletov K, de Courten B, deVeber G, Dokova K, Edessa D, Endres M, Faraon E, Farvid M, Fischer F, Foreman K, Forouzanfar M, Gall S, Gebrehiwot T, Geleijnse J, Gillum R, Giroud M, Goulart A, Gupta R, Hachinski V, Hamadeh R, Hankey G, Hareri H, Havmoeller R, Hay S, Hegazy M, Hibstu D, James S, Jeemon P, John D, Jonas J, Jozwiak J, Kalani R, Kandel A, Kasaeian A, Kengne A, Khader Y, Khan A, Khang Y, Khubchandani J, Kim D, Kim Y, Kivimaki M, Kokubo Y, Kolte D, Kopec J, Kosen S, Kravchenko M, Krishnamurthi R, Kumar G, Lafranconi A, Lavados P, Legesse Y, Li Y, Liang X, Lo W, Lorkowski S, Lotufo P, Loy C, Mackay M, Abd El Razek H, Mahdavi M, Majeed A, Malekzadeh R, Malta D, Mamun A, Mantovani L, Martins S, Mate K, Mazidi M, Mehata S, Meier T, Melaku Y, Mendoza W, Mensah G, Meretoja A, Mezgebe H, Miazgowski T, Miller T, Ibrahim N, Mohammed S, Mokdad A, Moosazadeh M, Moran A, Musa K, Negoi R, Nguyen M, Nguyen Q, Nguyen T, Tran T, Ningrum D, Norrving B, Noubiap J, O'Donnell M, Olagunju A, Onuma O, Owolabi M, Parsaeian M, Patton G, Piradov M, Pletcher M, Pourmalek F, Prakash V, Qorbani M, Rahman M, Rai R, Ranta A, Rawaf D, Rawaf S, Renzaho A, Robinson S, Sahathevan R, Sahebkar A, Salomon J, Santalucia P, Santos I, Sartorius B, Schutte A, Sepanlou S, Shafieesabet A, Shaikh M, Shamsizadeh M, Sheth K, Sisay M, Shin M, Shiue I, Silva D, Sobngwi E, Soljak M, Sorensen R, Sposato L, Stranges S, Suliankatchi R, Tabares-Seisdedos R, Tanne D, Nguyen C, Thakur J, Thrift A, Tirschwell D, Topor-Madry R, Tran B, Nguyen L, Truelsen T, Tsilimparis N, Tyrovolas S, Ukwaja K, Uthman O, Varakin Y, Vasankari T, Venketasubramanian N, Vlassov V, Wang W, Werdecker A, Wolfe C, Xu G, Yano Y, Yonemoto N, Yu C, Zaidi Z, Zaki M, Zhou M, Ziaeian B, Zipkin B, Vos T, Naghavi M, Murray C, Roth G, GBD 2016 Lifetime Risk Stroke, Roth, G, Feigin, V, Nguyen, G, Cercy, K, Johnson, C, Alam, T, Parmar, P, Abajobir, A, Abate, K, Abd-Allah, F, Abejie, A, Abyu, G, Ademi, Z, Agarwal, G, Ahmed, M, Akinyemi, R, Al-Raddadi, R, Aminde, L, Amlie-Lefond, C, Ansari, H, Asayesh, H, Asgedom, S, Atey, T, Ayele, H, Banach, M, Banerjee, A, Barac, A, Barker-Collo, S, Bärnighausen, T, Barregard, L, Basu, S, Bedi, N, Behzadifar, M, Béjot, Y, Bennett, D, Bensenor, I, Berhe, D, Boneya, D, Brainin, M, Campos-Nonato, I, Caso, V, Castañeda-Orjuela, C, Rivas, J, Catalá-López, F, Christensen, H, Criqui, M, Damasceno, A, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Davletov, K, de Courten, B, Deveber, G, Dokova, K, Edessa, D, Endres, M, Faraon, E, Farvid, M, Fischer, F, Foreman, K, Forouzanfar, M, Gall, S, Gebrehiwot, T, Geleijnse, J, Gillum, R, Giroud, M, Goulart, A, Gupta, R, Hachinski, V, Hamadeh, R, Hankey, G, Hareri, H, Havmoeller, R, Hay, S, Hegazy, M, Hibstu, D, James, S, Jeemon, P, John, D, Jonas, J, Jóźwiak, J, Kalani, R, Kandel, A, Kasaeian, A, Kengne, A, Khader, Y, Khan, A, Khang, Y, Khubchandani, J, Kim, D, Kim, Y, Kivimaki, M, Kokubo, Y, Kolte, D, Kopec, J, Kosen, S, Kravchenko, M, Krishnamurthi, R, Anil Kumar, G, Lafranconi, A, Lavados, P, Legesse, Y, Li, Y, Liang, X, Lo, W, Lorkowski, S, Lotufo, P, Loy, C, Mackay, M, Abd El Razek, H, Mahdavi, M, Majeed, A, Malekzadeh, R, Malta, D, Mamun, A, Mantovani, L, Martins, S, Mate, K, Mazidi, M, Mehata, S, Meier, T, Melaku, Y, Mendoza, W, Mensah, G, Meretoja, A, Mezgebe, H, Miazgowski, T, Miller, T, Ibrahim, N, Mohammed, S, Mokdad, A, Moosazadeh, M, Moran, A, Musa, K, Negoi, R, Nguyen, M, Nguyen, Q, Nguyen, T, Tran, T, Anggraini Ningrum, D, Norrving, B, Noubiap, J, O'Donnell, M, Olagunju, A, Onuma, O, Owolabi, M, Parsaeian, M, Patton, G, Piradov, M, Pletcher, M, Pourmalek, F, Prakash, V, Qorbani, M, Rahman, M, Rai, R, Ranta, A, Rawaf, D, Rawaf, S, Renzaho, A, Robinson, S, Sahathevan, R, Sahebkar, A, Salomon, J, Santalucia, P, Santos, I, Sartorius, B, Schutte, A, Sepanlou, S, Shafieesabet, A, Shaikh, M, Shamsizadeh, M, Sheth, K, Sisay, M, Shin, M, Shiue, I, Silva, D, Sobngwi, E, Soljak, M, Sorensen, R, Sposato, L, Stranges, S, Suliankatchi, R, Tabarés-Seisdedos, R, Tanne, D, Tat Nguyen, C, Thakur, J, Thrift, A, Tirschwell, D, Topor-Madry, R, Tran, B, Nguyen, L, Truelsen, T, Tsilimparis, N, Tyrovolas, S, Ukwaja, K, Uthman, O, Varakin, Y, Vasankari, T, Venketasubramanian, N, Vlassov, V, Wang, W, Werdecker, A, Wolfe, C, Xu, G, Yano, Y, Yonemoto, N, Yu, C, Zaidi, Z, El Sayed Zaki, M, Zhou, M, Ziaeian, B, Zipkin, B, Vos, T, Naghavi, M, Murray, C, Department of Public Health, Clinicum, Neurologian yksikkö, 10922180 - Schutte, Aletta Elisabeth, Feigin, Valery L, Nguyen, Grant, Cercy, Kelly, Johnson, Catherine O, Ahmed, Muktar B, Roth, Gregory A, and GBD 2016 Lifetime Risk of Stroke Collaborators

Subjects
Male, Percentile, Nutrition and Disease, Disease, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Global Health, Socioeconomic Factor, Global Burden of Disease, 0302 clinical medicine, prevention, Voeding en Ziekte, Cause of Death, Global health, Stroke, POPULATION, Cause of death, Aged, 80 and over, education.field_of_study, Incidence (epidemiology), Incidence, Medicine (all), 11 Medical And Health Sciences, General Medicine, Middle Aged, lifetime risk, stroke, 3142 Public health care science, environmental and occupational health, 3. Good health, GBD 2016 Lifetime Risk of Stroke Collaborators, Female, BURDEN, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Research Article, Human, Adult, Risk, Population, Global Burden of Disease (GBD), 03 medical and health sciences, Medicine, General & Internal, Age Distribution, General & Internal Medicine, medicine, Humans, Life Science, Point estimation, cardiovascular diseases, Sex Distribution, education, VLAG, Aged, Science & Technology, HYPERTENSION, business.industry, medicine.disease, Socioeconomic Factors, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, RC, Demography
Abstract

Background: The lifetime risk of stroke has been calculated in a limited number of selected populations. We sought to estimate the lifetime risk of stroke at the regional, country, and global level using data from a comprehensive study of the prevalence of major diseases.Methods: We used the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2016 estimates of stroke incidence and the competing risks of death from any cause other than stroke to calculate the cumulative lifetime risks of first stroke, ischemic stroke, or hemorrhagic stroke among adults 25 years of age or older. Estimates of the lifetime risks in the years 1990 and 2016 were compared. Countries were categorized into quintiles of the sociodemographic index (SDI) used in the GBD Study, and the risks were compared across quintiles. Comparisons were made with the use of point estimates and uncertainty intervals representing the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles around the estimate.Results: The estimated global lifetime risk of stroke from the age of 25 years onward was 24.9% (95% uncertainty interval, 23.5 to 26.2); the risk among men was 24.7% (95% uncertainty interval, 23.3 to 26.0), and the risk among women was 25.1% (95% uncertainty interval, 23.7 to 26.5). The risk of ischemic stroke was 18.3%, and the risk of hemorrhagic stroke was 8.2%. In high-SDI, high-middle–SDI, and low-SDI countries, the estimated lifetime risk of stroke was 23.5%, 31.1% (highest risk), and 13.2% (lowest risk), respectively; the 95% uncertainty intervals did not overlap between these categories. The highest estimated lifetime risks of stroke according to GBD region were in East Asia (38.8%), Central Europe (31.7%), and Eastern Europe (31.6%), and the lowest risk was in eastern sub-Saharan Africa (11.8%). The mean global lifetime risk of stroke increased from 22.8% in 1990 to 24.9% in 2016, a relative increase of 8.9% (95% uncertainty interval, 6.2 to 11.5); the competing risk of death from any cause other than stroke was considered in this calculation.Conclusions: In 2016, the global lifetime risk of stroke from the age of 25 years onward was approximately 25% among both men and women. There was geographic variation in the lifetime risk of stroke, with the highest risks in East Asia, Central Europe, and Eastern Europe. (Funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.)

Published
2018

20. Identification of symbol digit modality test score extremes in Huntington's disease

Author

Braisch, U, Muche, R, Rothenbacher, D, Landwehrmeyer, GB, Long, JD, Bentivoglio, AR, Biunno, I, Bonelli, RM, Dunnett, SB, Illmann, T, Levey, J, Ramos-Arroyo, M, Nielsen, JE, Paivarinta, M, Sebastian, AR, Tabrizi, SJ, Vandenberghe, W, Uhrova, T, Come, A, Garde, MB, Betz, S, Capodarca, S, Wildson, SC, da Silva, V, Di Renzo, M, Finisterra, M, Genoves, C, Gilling, M, Handley, OJ, Hvalstedt, C, Koppers, K, Lamanna, C, Laura, M, Descals, AM, Monza, D, Mutze, L, Oehmen, M, Padieu, H, Paterski, L, Koivisto, SP, Rindal, B, Roren, N, Sasinkova, P, Seliverstov, Y, Timewell, E, Cubillo, PT, van Walsem, MR, Witjes-Ane, MN, Yudina, E, Zielonka, E, Zinzi, P, Braunwarth, EM, Brugger, F, Buratti, L, Hametner, EM, Hepperger, C, Holas, C, Hotter, A, Hussl, A, Larcher, B, Mahlknecht, P, Muller, C, Pinter, B, Poewe, W, Seppi, K, Sprenger, F, Wenning, G, Dupuis, M, Minet, C, Ribai, P, Van Paemel, D, Verellen-Dumoulin, C, Klempir, J, Majerova, V, Roth, J, Babiloni, B, Debruxelles, S, Duche, C, Goizet, C, Jameau, L, Lafoucriere, D, Spampinato, U, Bachoud-Levi, AC, Boisse, MF, de Langavant, LC, Lemoine, L, Morgado, G, Youssov, K, Annic, A, Barthelemy, R, De Bruycker, C, Cabaret, M, Carette, AS, Carriere, N, Decorte, E, Defebvre, L, Delliaux, M, Delval, A, Depelchin, A, Destee, A, Dewulf-Pasz, N, Dondaine, T, Dugauquier, F, Dujardin, K, Lemaire, MH, Manouvrier, S, Peter, M, Plomhause, L, Sablonniere, B, Simonin, C, Tard, C, Thibault-Tanchou, S, Vuillaume, I, Bellonet, M, Benoit, A, Blin, S, Courtin, F, Duru, C, Fasquel, V, Godefroy, O, Krystkowiak, P, Mantaux, B, Roussel, M, Tir, M, Schuler, B, Wannepain, S, Azulay, JP, Chabot, C, Delfini, M, Eusebio, A, Fluchere, F, Grosjean, H, Mundler, L, Nowak, M, Bioux, S, Bliaux, E, Girard, C, Guyant-Marechal, L, Hannequin, D, Hannier, V, Jourdain, S, Maltete, D, Pouliquen, D, Blondeau, L, Calvas, F, Cheriet, S, Delabaere, H, Demonet, JF, Pariente, J, Pierre, M, Beuth, M, Gelderblom, H, Priller, J, Pruss, H, Spruth, E, Thiel, S, Ellrichmannberlin, G, Herrmann, L, Hoffmann, R, Kaminski, B, Saft, C, Bosredon, C, Hunger, U, Lohle, M, Maass, A, Ossig, C, Schmidt, S, Storch, A, Wolz, A, Wolz, M, Kohl, Z, Kozay, C, Ullah, J, Winkler, J, Bergmann, U, Boringer, R, Capetian, P, Kammel, G, Lambeck, J, Meier, S, Rijntjes, M, Zucker, B, Boelmans, K, Ganos, C, Goerendt, I, Heinicke, W, Hidding, U, Munchau, A, Schmalfeld, J, Stubbe, L, Zittel, S, Diercks, G, Dressler, D, Francis, F, Gayde-Stephan, S, Gorzolla, H, Kramer, B, Minschke, R, Schrader, C, Tacik, P, Longinus, B, Lusebrink, A, Muhlau, M, Peinemann, A, Stadtler, M, Weindl, A, Winkelmann, J, Ziegler, C, Bechtel, N, Beckmann, H, Bohlen, S, Gopfert, N, Holzner, E, Lange, H, Reilmann, R, Rohm, S, Rumpf, S, Sass, C, Schepers, S, Weber, N, Barth, K, Buck, A, Connemann, J, Ecker, D, Geitner, C, Held, C, Kesse, A, Landwehrmeyer, B, Lezius, F, Lewerenz, J, Nepper, S, Niess, A, Orth, M, Schneider, A, Schwenk, D, Sussmuth, S, Trautmann, S, Weydt, P, Klebe, S, Musacchio, T, Leypold, C, Noth, K, Cormio, C, de Tommaso, M, Franco, G, Sciruicchio, V, Serpino, C, Calandra-Buonaura, G, Capellari, S, Cortelli, P, Gallassi, R, Poda, R, Sambati, L, Scaglione, C, Maserati, MS, Agosti, C, Barlati, S, Compostella, S, Marchina, E, Padovani, A, Bertini, E, Ghelli, E, Ginestroni, A, Mechi, C, Paganini, M, Piacentini, S, Pradella, S, Romoli, AM, Sorbi, S, Abbruzzese, G, di Poggio, MB, Ferrandes, G, Mandich, P, Marchese, R, Tamburini, T, Baake, V, van den Bogaard, SJA, Bos, R, Dumas, EM, t'Hart, EP, Kampstra, A, Roos, RAC, Schoonderbeek, A, Aaserud, O, Bjorgo, K, Borgeod, N, Dramstad, E, Fannemel, M, Frich, JC, Gorvell, PF, Heiberg, A, Lorentzen, E, Retterstol, L, Rosby, O, Sikiric, A, Stokke, B, van Walsem, M, Wehus, R, Bjornevoll, I, Sando, SB, Haug, MG, Storseth, HH, Arntsen, V, Dziadkiewicz, A, Konkel, A, Narozanska, E, Robowski, P, Sitek, E, Slawek, J, Soltan, W, Szinwelski, M, Arkuszewski, M, Blaszczyk, M, Boczarska-Jedynak, M, Ciach-Wysocka, E, Gorzkowska, A, Nska-Myga, BJ, Kaczmarczyk, A, Klodowska-Duda, G, Opala, G, Stompel, D, Banaszkiewicz, K, Bocwinska, D, Bojakowska-Jaremek, K, Dec, M, Grabska, N, Krawczyk, GM, Kubowicz, E, Malec-Litwinowicz, M, Rudzinska, M, Stenwak, A, Szczudlik, A, Szczygiel, E, Wojcik, M, Wasielewska, A, Bryl, JAA, Ciesielska, A, Klimberg, A, Marcinkowski, J, Samara, H, Sempolowicz, J, Sniewski, BW, Zielonka, D, Gogol, A, Janik, P, Jamrozik, Z, Kaminska, A, Kwiecinski, H, Antczak, J, Jachinska, K, Krysa, W, Rakowicz, M, Richter, P, Rola, R, Ryglewicz, D, Sienkiewicz-Jarosz, H, Stepniak, I, Sulek, A, Witkowski, G, Zaremba, J, Zdzienicka, E, Ziora-Jakutowicz, K, Januario, C, Julio, F, Guedes, LC, Coelho, M, Finisterra, AM, Ferreira, JJ, Mestre, T, Mendes, T, Rosa, MM, Valadas, A, Kopishinskaya, S, Korotysh, M, Herrera, CD, Moreno, PG, Bas, J, Busquets, N, Calopa, M, Classen, SJ, Dedicha, NR, Buongiorno, MT, Maria, ADS, Munoz, E, Santacruz, P, Barbera, MA, Pardo, SA, Guia, DB, Calzado, N, Hernanz, LC, Diaz-Zorita, JPT, Catena, JL, Ferrer, PQ, Carruesco, GT, Robert, MF, Viladrich, CM, Roca, E, Idiago, JMR, Riballo, AV, Campolongo, A, de Bobadilla, RF, Bojarsky, JK, Martinez-Horta, S, Pagonabarraga, J, Perez, JP, Ribosa, R, Villa, C, Gil, MAA, Corrales, KB, Esteban, JCG, Gonzalez, A, Merino, BT, Cubo, E, Polo, CG, Mariscal, N, Romero, SG, Arbelo, JM, de Molina, RM, Martin, I, Perianez, JM, Udaeta, B, Alonso-Frech, F, Frades, B, Villanueva, MA, Sevilla, MAZ, Frech, FA, Fenollar, MD, Garcia, RGR, Villanueva, C, Bascunana, M, Ventura, MF, Ribas, GG, de Yebenes, JG, Moreno, JLLS, Barral, VM, Ruiz, PJG, Garcia, A, Lopez, RG, Barcenas, AH, Martinez-Descals, A, Martin, VP, Martinez, NR, Artiga, MJS, Sanchez, V, Pueyo, A, Gonzalez, S, Guisasola, LM, Ribacoba, MPPR, Salvador, C, Lozano, PS, Caldentey, JG, Ramirez, IL, Arques, PN, Lopera, MR, Pastor, BV, Gaston, I, Garcia-Amigot, F, Martinez-Jaurrieta, MD, Ramos-Arroyo, MA, Carrillo, F, Redondo, MTC, Mir, P, Gonzalez, LV, Moreno, JMG, Lucena, CM, Pena, JC, Redondo, L, Sanchez, VS, Fernandez, CM, Mata, MP, Lemos, MDR, Bosca, M, Burguera, JA, Vilaplana, FCBCP, Solis, P, Figuerola, BJ, Palanca, PM, Berglund, P, Constantinescu, R, Fredlund, G, Hosterey-Ugander, U, Linnsand, P, Neleborn-Lingefjard, L, Wahlstrom, J, Palhagen, S, Svenningsson, P, Paucar, M, Wallden, T, Ekwall, C, Goller, ML, Sundblom, J, Stebler, Y, Kaelin, A, Romero, I, Schupbach, M, Zaugg, SW, Jung, H, Petersen, J, Auer, M, Mihaylova, V, Vernon, N, Akhtar, S, Crooks, J, Curtis, A, de Souza, J, Piedad, J, Rickards, H, Wright, J, Pallett, A, Coulthard, E, Gethin, L, Hayward, B, Sieradzan, K, Wright, A, Busse, M, Butcher, C, Dunnett, S, Clenaghan, C, Hunt, S, Jones, L, Jones, U, Khalil, H, Minster, S, Owen, M, Price, K, Townhill, J, Rosser, A, Edwards, M, Ho, C, McGill, M, Porteous, M, Pearson, P, Harrower, T, Irvine, S, Brockie, P, Foster, J, Johns, N, McKenzie, S, Rothery, J, Thomas, G, Yates, S, Deith, C, Ireland, J, Ritchie, S, Andrew, A, Frost, J, Noad, R, Cosgrove, J, Gallantree, D, Hamer, S, Hobson, E, Jamieson, S, Kraus, A, Longthorpe, M, Markova, I, Musgrave, H, Peacy, C, Raman, A, Rowett, L, Toscano, J, Wild, S, Yardumian, P, Clayton, C, Dipple, H, Freire-Patino, D, Hallam, C, Middleton, J, Alusi, S, Davies, R, Foy, K, Gerrans, E, Leggett, H, Pate, L, Anjum, U, Coebergh, J, Eddy, C, McEntagart, M, Patton, M, Peterson, M, Rose, S, Andrews, T, Brown, S, Bruno, S, Doherty, K, Golding, C, Haider, S, Hensman, D, Lahiri, N, Lewis, M, Novak, M, Patel, A, Robertson, N, Rosser, E, Tabrizi, S, Taylor, R, Warner, T, Wild, E, Arran, N, Bek, J, Callaghan, J, Craufurd, D, Fullam, R, Howard, L, Huson, S, Johnson, L, Jones, M, Krishnamoorthy, A, Murphy, H, Oughton, E, Partington-Jones, L, Rogers, D, Sollom, A, Snowden, J, Stopford, C, Thompson, J, Tinkler, P, Trender-Gerhard, I, Verstraelen, N, Westmoreland, L, Cass, G, Davidson, L, Davison, J, Fullerton, N, Holmes, K, Komati, S, McDonnell, S, Mohammed, Z, Morgan, K, Savage, L, Singh, B, Wood, J, Chu, E, Knight, C, O'Neill, M, Das Purkayastha, D, Nemeth, AH, Siuda, G, Valentine, R, Dixon, K, Armstrong, R, Harrison, D, Hughes, M, Large, S, Donovan, JO, Palmer, A, Parkinson, A, Soltysiak, B, Timings, L, Williams, J, Burn, J, Weekes, R, Craven, J, Bailey, W, Coleman, C, Haig-Brown, D, Simpson, S, Hare, M, Majeed, T, Bandmann, O, Bradbury, A, Fairtlough, H, Fillingham, K, Foustanos, I, Gill, P, Kazoka, M, Nevitt, L, Peppa, N, Quarrell, O, Taylor, C, Tidswell, K, O'Donovan, K, Agarwal, V, Anderson, M, Gunner, K, Harris, K, Hayward, E, Heywood, M, Keys, L, Kipps, C, MacKinnon, L, Smalley, S, Gowers, L, Powell, K, Bethwaite, P, Edwards, R, Fuller, K, Phillips, M, Tan, L, Burgunder, JM, Lau, PN, Pica, E, Shoulson, I, Gusella, JG, Antonijevic, I, vankammen, D, Foroud, T, Warner, J, Giuliano, J, Vetter, L, Marshall, F, Marder, K, Frucht, S, Moskowitz, C, Clouse, R, Wasserman, P, Shannon, K, Jaglin, J, Jankovic, J, Palao, A, Harrison, M, Singer, C, Quesada, M, Hersch, S, Rosas, D, Tanev, K, Malarick, K, Colcher, A, Sanchez-Ramos, J, Kostyk, S, Paulsen, J, Perlmutter, J, Tabbal, S, Ross, C, Dorsey, R, Nucifora, F, Dubinsky, R, Dubinsky, H, Suchowersky, O, Klimek, ML, Jones, R, Morgan, J, Mohlo, E, Kang, U, Agarwal, P, Factor, S, Jennings, D, Higgins, D, Adams, J, Frank, S, Saint-Hilaire, M, Diggin, M, Furtado, S, Walker, F, O'Neill, C, Quaid, K, LeDoux, M, Raymond, L, Leavitt, B, Decolongon, J, Perlman, S, Peavy, G, Goldstein, J, Kumar, R, McCusker, E, Griffith, J, Loy, C, Wheelock, V, Tempkin, T, Martin, A, Nance, M, Mallonee, W, Suter, G, Revilla, F, Gartner, M, Drazinic, C, Fitzpatrick, MJ, Panisset, M, Duff, K, Scott, B, Weiner, W, Robottom, B, Chiu, E, Yastrubetskaya, O, Churchyard, A, Greenamyre, TJ, Oakes, D, Beck, C, Robertson, S, Eaton, K, Lindsay, P, Deuel, L, MacDonald, M, Hickey, C, Muratori, L, Leserman, A, Doucette, N, Uc, E, Rodnitzky, R, Vik, S, Davis, R, Dietrich, S, Segro, V, Erickson, D, Hunt, V, Lucarelli, N, Broyles, J, Delarosa, J, Louis, E, Panegyres, P, Schmidt, A, Barton, S, Sperin, E, Testa, C, Thiede, F, Zauber, SE, McInnis, R, Welsh, C, Wesson, M, Coleman, A, and European Commission

Subjects
Adult, Male, congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, COHORT, Cox hazard model, quantile regression, REGISTRY, symbol digit modalities test, Genotype, Neuropsychological Tests, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Cognition, 0302 clinical medicine, Huntington's disease, Rating scale, mental disorders, medicine, Humans, Verbal fluency test, Longitudinal Studies, Genetics (clinical), Proportional Hazards Models, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Proportional hazards model, business.industry, Reproducibility of Results, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, nervous system diseases, Psychiatry and Mental health, Huntington Disease, Phenotype, Test score, Cohort, Disease Progression, Female, Observational study, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Stroop effect, Clinical psychology
Abstract

REGISTRY Investigators of the European Huntington's Disease Network and COHORT Investigators of the Huntington Study Group., Studying individuals with extreme phenotypes could facilitate the understanding of disease modification by genetic or environmental factors. Our aim was to identify Huntington's disease (HD) patients with extreme symbol digit modality test (SDMT) scores. We first examined in HD the contribution of cognitive measures of the Unified Huntington's Disease Rating Scale (UHDRS) in predicting clinical endpoints. The language-independent SDMT was used to identify patients performing very well or very poorly relative to their CAG and age cohort. We used data from REGISTRY and COHORT observational study participants (5,603 HD participants with CAG repeats above 39 with 13,868 visits) and of 1,006 healthy volunteers (with 2,241 visits), included to identify natural aging and education effects on cognitive measures. Separate Cox proportional hazards models with CAG, age at study entry, education, sex, UHDRS total motor score and cognitive (SDMT, verbal fluency, Stroop tests) scores as covariates were used to predict clinical endpoints. Quantile regression for longitudinal language-independent SDMT data was used for boundary (2.5% and 97.5% quantiles) estimation and extreme score analyses stratified by age, education, and CAG repeat length. Ten percent of HD participants had an extreme SDMT phenotype for at least one visit. In contrast, only about 3% of participants were consistent SDMT extremes at two or more visits. The thresholds for the one-visit and two-visit extremes can be used to classify existing and new individuals. The identification of these phenotype extremes can be useful in the search for disease modifiers., This work was in part funded by a grant from the EuropeanCommission under the 7th framework programme (RD-Connect, grantagreement number 305444).

Published
2019

23. Targeted, high-resolution RNA sequencing of non-coding genomic regions associated with neuropsychiatric functions

Author

Hardwick, SA, Bassett, SD, Kaczorowski, D, Blackburn, J, Barton, K, Bartonicek, N, Carswell, SL, Tilgner, HU, Loy, C, Halliday, G, Mercer, TR, Smith, MA, Mattick, JS, Hardwick, SA, Bassett, SD, Kaczorowski, D, Blackburn, J, Barton, K, Bartonicek, N, Carswell, SL, Tilgner, HU, Loy, C, Halliday, G, Mercer, TR, Smith, MA, and Mattick, JS

Abstract

The human brain is one of the last frontiers of biomedical research. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have succeeded in identifying thousands of haplotype blocks associated with a range of neuropsychiatric traits, including disorders such as schizophrenia, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. However, the majority of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that mark these haplotype blocks fall within non-coding regions of the genome, hindering their functional validation. While some of these GWAS loci may contain cis-acting regulatory DNA elements such as enhancers, we hypothesized that many are also transcribed into non-coding RNAs that are missing from publicly available transcriptome annotations. Here, we use targeted RNA capture ('RNA CaptureSeq') in combination with nanopore long-read cDNA sequencing to transcriptionally profile 1,023 haplotype blocks across the genome containing non-coding GWAS SNPs associated with neuropsychiatric traits, using post-mortem human brain tissue from three neurologically healthy donors. We find that the majority (62%) of targeted haplotype blocks, including 13% of intergenic blocks, are transcribed into novel, multi-exonic RNAs, most of which are not yet recorded in GENCODE annotations. We validated our findings with short-read RNA-seq, providing orthogonal confirmation of novel splice junctions and enabling a quantitative assessment of the long-read assemblies. Many novel transcripts are supported by independent evidence of transcription including cap analysis of gene expression (CAGE) data and epigenetic marks, and some show signs of potential functional roles. We present these transcriptomes as a preliminary atlas of non-coding transcription in human brain that can be used to connect neurological phenotypes with gene expression.

Published
2019

26. High and low levels of an NTRK2-driven genetic profile affect motor- and cognition-associated frontal gray matter in prodromal Huntington’s disease

Author

Ciarochi, JA, Liu, J, Calhoun, V, Johnson, H, Misiura, M, Bockholt, HJ, Espinoza, FA, Caprihan, A, Plis, S, Turner, JA, Paulsen, JS, Long, JD, Johnson, HJ, Brashers-Krug, T, Danzer, P, Miller, A, Montross, K, Harrington, D, Westervelt, H, Aylward, E, Rao, S, Moser, DJ, Williams, J, Downing, N, Magnotta, VA, Vaidya, J, O Leary, D, Kim, EY, Kim, JI, Lourens, S, Zhang, Y, Lu, W, Erwin, C, Nance, M, Evans, J, Zschiegner, R, Chiu, E, Loi, S, Chua, P, Raymond, L, Ross, CA, Mallonee, WM, Samii, A, Jones, R, Barker, RA, McCusker, E, Loy, C, Orth, M, Süßmuth, S, Quaid, K, Guttman, M, Perlman, S, Geschwind, MD, Sha, S, Warner, T, Rosser, A, Marshall, F, Panegyres, P, Lee, J, Perlmutter, J, Miedzybrodzka, Z, Craufurd, D, Mazzoni, P, Marder, K, Kumar, R, Wheelock, V, Martin, W, Suchowersky, O, Ahmed, A, De Soriano, I, Shadrick, C, Preston, J, Goh, A, Antonopoulos, S, Komiti, A, Decolongon, J, Fan, M, Coleman, A, Varvaris, M, Ong, M, Yoritomo, N, Suter, G, Freney, EP, Macaraeg, A, Wood-Siverio, C, Factor, SA, Mason, S, Guzman, NV, Griffith, J, McMillan, J, Raymond, Lucy [0000-0003-2652-3355], Barker, Roger [0000-0001-8843-7730], Mason, Sarah [0000-0001-6715-4109], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
supplementary motor, independent component analysis, tropomyosin receptor kinase B, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, Huntington’s disease
Abstract

This study assessed how BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor) and other genes involved in its signaling influence brain structure and clinical functioning in pre-diagnosis Huntington’s disease (HD). Parallel independent component analysis (pICA), a multivariate method for identifying correlated patterns in multimodal datasets, was applied to gray matter concentration (GMC) and genomic data from a sizeable PREDICT-HD prodromal cohort (N = 715). pICA identified a genetic component highlighting NTRK2, which encodes BDNF’s TrkB receptor, that correlated with a GMC component including supplementary motor, precentral/premotor cortex, and other frontal areas (p < 0.001); this association appeared to be driven by participants with high or low levels of the genetic profile. The frontal GMC profile correlated with cognitive and motor variables (Trail Making Test A (p = 0.03); Stroop Color (p = 0.017); Stroop Interference (p = 0.04); Symbol Digit Modalities Test (p = 0.031); Total Motor Score (p = 0.01)). A top-weighted NTRK2 variant (rs2277193) was protectively associated with Trail Making Test B (p = 0.007); greater minor allele numbers were linked to a better performance. These results support the idea of a protective role of NTRK2 in prodromal HD, particularly in individuals with certain genotypes, and suggest that this gene may influence the preservation of frontal gray matter that is important for clinical functioning.

Published
2018

27. Development of a comprehensive next-generation targeted sequencing assay for detection of gene-fusions in solid tumors

Author

Mittal, V.K., primary, Myrand, S.P., additional, Cyanam, D., additional, Williams, P.D., additional, Bee, G.G., additional, Marcovitz, A., additional, Gottimukkala, R., additional, Hyland, F., additional, Allen, C., additional, Wong-Ho, E., additional, Sadis, S., additional, Van Loy, C., additional, Kilzer, J., additional, and Khazanov, N., additional

Published
2019
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30. Global, regional, and national burden of meningitis, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

Author

Zunt, J, Kassebaum, N, Blake, N, Glennie, L, Wright, C, Nichols, E, Abd-Allah, F, Abdela, J, Abdelalim, A, Adamu, A, Adib, M, Ahmadi, A, Ahmed, M, Aichour, A, Aichour, I, Aichour, M, Akseer, N, Al-Raddadi, R, Alahdab, F, Alene, K, Aljunid, S, Almazroa, M, Altirkawi, K, Alvis-Guzman, N, Animut, M, Anjomshoa, M, Ansha, M, Asghar, R, Avokpaho, E, Awasthi, A, Badali, H, Barac, A, Bärnighausen, T, Bassat, Q, Bedi, N, Belachew, A, Bhattacharyya, K, Bhutta, Z, Bijani, A, Butt, Z, Carvalho, F, Castañeda-Orjuela, C, Chitheer, A, Choi, J, Christopher, D, Dang, A, Daryani, A, Demoz, G, Djalalinia, S, Do, H, Dubey, M, Dubljanin, E, Duken, E, El Sayed Zaki, M, Elyazar, I, Fakhim, H, Fernandes, E, Fischer, F, Fukumoto, T, Ganji, M, Gebre, A, Gebremeskel, A, Gessner, B, Gopalani, S, Guo, Y, Gupta, R, Hailu, G, Haj-Mirzaian, A, Hamidi, S, Hay, S, Henok, A, Irvani, S, Jha, R, Jürisson, M, Kahsay, A, Karami, M, Karch, A, Kasaeian, A, Kassa, G, Kassa, T, Kefale, A, Khader, Y, Khalil, I, Khan, E, Khang, Y, Khubchandani, J, Kimokoti, R, Kisa, A, Lami, F, Levi, M, Li, S, Loy, C, Majdan, M, Majeed, A, Mantovani, L, Martins-Melo, F, Mcalinden, C, Mehta, V, Melese, A, Memish, Z, Mengistu, D, Mengistu, G, Mestrovic, T, Mezgebe, H, Miazgowski, B, Milosevic, B, Mokdad, A, Monasta, L, Moradi, G, Moraga, P, Mousavi, S, Mueller, U, Murthy, S, Mustafa, G, Naheed, A, Naik, G, Newton, C, Nirayo, Y, Nixon, M, Ofori-Asenso, R, Ogbo, F, Olagunju, A, Olagunju, T, Olusanya, B, Ortiz, J, Owolabi, M, Patel, S, Pinilla-Monsalve, G, Postma, M, Qorbani, M, Rafiei, A, Rahimi-Movaghar, V, Reiner, R, Renzaho, A, Rezai, M, Roba, K, Ronfani, L, Roshandel, G, Rostami, A, Safari, H, Safari, S, Safiri, S, Sagar, R, Samy, A, Santric Milicevic, M, Sartorius, B, Sarvi, S, Sawhney, M, Saxena, S, Shafieesabet, A, Shaikh, M, Sharif, M, Shigematsu, M, Si, S, Skiadaresi, E, Smith, M, Somayaji, R, Sufiyan, M, Tawye, N, Temsah, M, Tortajada-Girbés, M, Tran, B, Tran, K, Ukwaja, K, Ullah, I, Vujcic, I, Wagnew, F, Waheed, Y, Weldegwergs, K, Winkler, A, Wiysonge, C, Wiyeh, A, Wyper, G, Yimer, E, Yonemoto, N, Zaidi, Z, Zenebe, Z, Feigin, V, Vos, T, Murray, C, Zunt, Joseph Raymond, Kassebaum, Nicholas J, Blake, Natacha, Glennie, Linda, Wright, Claire, Nichols, Emma, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abdela, Jemal, Abdelalim, Ahmed, Adamu, Abdu A, Adib, Mina G., Ahmadi, Alireza, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Aichour, Amani Nidhal, Aichour, Ibtihel, Aichour, Miloud Taki Eddine, Akseer, Nadia, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M, Alahdab, Fares, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, AlMazroa, Mohammad A, Altirkawi, Khalid, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Animut, Megbaru Debalkie, Anjomshoa, Mina, Ansha, Mustafa Geleto, Asghar, Rana Jawad, Avokpaho, Euripide F G A, Awasthi, Ashish, Badali, Hamid, Barac, Aleksandra, Bärnighausen, Till Winfried, Bassat, Quique, Bedi, Neeraj, Belachew, Abate Bekele, Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Bijani, Ali, Butt, Zahid A, Carvalho, Félix, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Chitheer, Abdulaal, Choi, Jee-Young J, Christopher, Devasahayam J, Dang, Anh Kim, Daryani, Ahmad, Demoz, Gebre Teklemariam, Djalalinia, Shirin, Do, Huyen Phuc, Dubey, Manisha, Dubljanin, Eleonora, Duken, Eyasu Ejeta, El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa, Elyazar, Iqbal RF, Fakhim, Hamed, Fernandes, Eduarda, FISCHER, FLORIAN, Fukumoto, Takeshi, Ganji, Morsaleh, Gebre, Abadi Kahsu, Gebremeskel, Afewerki, Gessner, Bradford D, Gopalani, Sameer Vali, Guo, Yuming, Gupta, Rahul, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin, Hamidi, Samer, Hay, Simon I., Henok, Andualem, Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, Jha, Ravi Prakash, JÜRISSON, Mikk, Kahsay, Amaha, Karami, Manoochehr, Karch, André, Kasaeian, Amir, Kassa, Getachew Mullu, Kassa, Tesfaye Dessale Dessale, Kefale, Adane Teshome, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khalil, Ibrahim A., Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khang, Young-Ho, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kimokoti, Ruth W, Kisa, Adnan, Lami, Faris Hasan, Levi, Miriam, Li, Shanshan, Loy, Clement T., Majdan, Marek, Majeed, Azeem, Mantovani, Lorenzo Giovanni, Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio, Mcalinden, Colm, Mehta, Varshil, Melese, Addisu, Memish, Ziad A, Mengistu, Desalegn Tadese, Mengistu, Getnet, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Mezgebe, Haftay Berhane, Miazgowski, Bartosz, Milosevic, Branko, Mokdad, Ali H., Monasta, Lorenzo, Moradi, Ghobad, Moraga, Paula, Mousavi, Seyyed Meysam, Mueller, Ulrich Otto, Murthy, Srinivas, Mustafa, Ghulam, Naheed, Aliya, Naik, Gurudatta, Newton, Charles Richard James, Nirayo, Yirga Legesse, Nixon, Molly R, Ofori-Asenso, Richard, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Olagunju, Andrew T, Olagunju, Tinuke O, Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola, Ortiz, Justin R, Owolabi, Mayowa Ojo, Patel, Shanti, Pinilla-Monsalve, Gabriel D., Postma, Maarten J, Qorbani, Mostafa, Rafiei, Alireza, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Reiner, Robert C, Renzaho, Andre M. N., Rezai, Mohammad Sadegh, Roba, Kedir Teji, Ronfani, Luca, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Rostami, Ali, Safari, Hosein, Safari, Saeed, Safiri, Saeid, Sagar, Rajesh, Samy, Abdallah M., Santric Milicevic, Milena M, Sartorius, Benn, Sarvi, Shahabeddin, Sawhney, Monika, Saxena, Sonia, Shafieesabet, Azadeh, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Sharif, Mehdi, Shigematsu, Mika, Si, Si, Skiadaresi, Eirini, Smith, Mari, Somayaji, Ranjani, Sufiyan, Mu'awiyyah Babale, Tawye, Nega Yimer, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Tortajada-Girbés, Miguel, Tran, Bach Xuan, Tran, Khanh Bao, Ukwaja, Kingsley Nnanna, Ullah, Irfan, Vujcic, Isidora S, Wagnew, Fasil Shiferaw, Waheed, Yasir, Weldegwergs, Kidu Gidey, Winkler, Andrea Sylvia, Wiysonge, Charles Shey, Wiyeh, Alison B., Wyper, Grant M. A., Yimer, Ebrahim M., Yonemoto, Naohiro, Zaidi, Zoubida, Zenebe, Zerihun Menlkalew, Feigin, Valery L., Vos, Theo, Murray, Christopher J L, Zunt, J, Kassebaum, N, Blake, N, Glennie, L, Wright, C, Nichols, E, Abd-Allah, F, Abdela, J, Abdelalim, A, Adamu, A, Adib, M, Ahmadi, A, Ahmed, M, Aichour, A, Aichour, I, Aichour, M, Akseer, N, Al-Raddadi, R, Alahdab, F, Alene, K, Aljunid, S, Almazroa, M, Altirkawi, K, Alvis-Guzman, N, Animut, M, Anjomshoa, M, Ansha, M, Asghar, R, Avokpaho, E, Awasthi, A, Badali, H, Barac, A, Bärnighausen, T, Bassat, Q, Bedi, N, Belachew, A, Bhattacharyya, K, Bhutta, Z, Bijani, A, Butt, Z, Carvalho, F, Castañeda-Orjuela, C, Chitheer, A, Choi, J, Christopher, D, Dang, A, Daryani, A, Demoz, G, Djalalinia, S, Do, H, Dubey, M, Dubljanin, E, Duken, E, El Sayed Zaki, M, Elyazar, I, Fakhim, H, Fernandes, E, Fischer, F, Fukumoto, T, Ganji, M, Gebre, A, Gebremeskel, A, Gessner, B, Gopalani, S, Guo, Y, Gupta, R, Hailu, G, Haj-Mirzaian, A, Hamidi, S, Hay, S, Henok, A, Irvani, S, Jha, R, Jürisson, M, Kahsay, A, Karami, M, Karch, A, Kasaeian, A, Kassa, G, Kassa, T, Kefale, A, Khader, Y, Khalil, I, Khan, E, Khang, Y, Khubchandani, J, Kimokoti, R, Kisa, A, Lami, F, Levi, M, Li, S, Loy, C, Majdan, M, Majeed, A, Mantovani, L, Martins-Melo, F, Mcalinden, C, Mehta, V, Melese, A, Memish, Z, Mengistu, D, Mengistu, G, Mestrovic, T, Mezgebe, H, Miazgowski, B, Milosevic, B, Mokdad, A, Monasta, L, Moradi, G, Moraga, P, Mousavi, S, Mueller, U, Murthy, S, Mustafa, G, Naheed, A, Naik, G, Newton, C, Nirayo, Y, Nixon, M, Ofori-Asenso, R, Ogbo, F, Olagunju, A, Olagunju, T, Olusanya, B, Ortiz, J, Owolabi, M, Patel, S, Pinilla-Monsalve, G, Postma, M, Qorbani, M, Rafiei, A, Rahimi-Movaghar, V, Reiner, R, Renzaho, A, Rezai, M, Roba, K, Ronfani, L, Roshandel, G, Rostami, A, Safari, H, Safari, S, Safiri, S, Sagar, R, Samy, A, Santric Milicevic, M, Sartorius, B, Sarvi, S, Sawhney, M, Saxena, S, Shafieesabet, A, Shaikh, M, Sharif, M, Shigematsu, M, Si, S, Skiadaresi, E, Smith, M, Somayaji, R, Sufiyan, M, Tawye, N, Temsah, M, Tortajada-Girbés, M, Tran, B, Tran, K, Ukwaja, K, Ullah, I, Vujcic, I, Wagnew, F, Waheed, Y, Weldegwergs, K, Winkler, A, Wiysonge, C, Wiyeh, A, Wyper, G, Yimer, E, Yonemoto, N, Zaidi, Z, Zenebe, Z, Feigin, V, Vos, T, Murray, C, Zunt, Joseph Raymond, Kassebaum, Nicholas J, Blake, Natacha, Glennie, Linda, Wright, Claire, Nichols, Emma, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abdela, Jemal, Abdelalim, Ahmed, Adamu, Abdu A, Adib, Mina G., Ahmadi, Alireza, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Aichour, Amani Nidhal, Aichour, Ibtihel, Aichour, Miloud Taki Eddine, Akseer, Nadia, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M, Alahdab, Fares, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, AlMazroa, Mohammad A, Altirkawi, Khalid, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Animut, Megbaru Debalkie, Anjomshoa, Mina, Ansha, Mustafa Geleto, Asghar, Rana Jawad, Avokpaho, Euripide F G A, Awasthi, Ashish, Badali, Hamid, Barac, Aleksandra, Bärnighausen, Till Winfried, Bassat, Quique, Bedi, Neeraj, Belachew, Abate Bekele, Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Bijani, Ali, Butt, Zahid A, Carvalho, Félix, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Chitheer, Abdulaal, Choi, Jee-Young J, Christopher, Devasahayam J, Dang, Anh Kim, Daryani, Ahmad, Demoz, Gebre Teklemariam, Djalalinia, Shirin, Do, Huyen Phuc, Dubey, Manisha, Dubljanin, Eleonora, Duken, Eyasu Ejeta, El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa, Elyazar, Iqbal RF, Fakhim, Hamed, Fernandes, Eduarda, FISCHER, FLORIAN, Fukumoto, Takeshi, Ganji, Morsaleh, Gebre, Abadi Kahsu, Gebremeskel, Afewerki, Gessner, Bradford D, Gopalani, Sameer Vali, Guo, Yuming, Gupta, Rahul, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Haj-Mirzaian, Arvin, Hamidi, Samer, Hay, Simon I., Henok, Andualem, Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, Jha, Ravi Prakash, JÜRISSON, Mikk, Kahsay, Amaha, Karami, Manoochehr, Karch, André, Kasaeian, Amir, Kassa, Getachew Mullu, Kassa, Tesfaye Dessale Dessale, Kefale, Adane Teshome, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khalil, Ibrahim A., Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khang, Young-Ho, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kimokoti, Ruth W, Kisa, Adnan, Lami, Faris Hasan, Levi, Miriam, Li, Shanshan, Loy, Clement T., Majdan, Marek, Majeed, Azeem, Mantovani, Lorenzo Giovanni, Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio, Mcalinden, Colm, Mehta, Varshil, Melese, Addisu, Memish, Ziad A, Mengistu, Desalegn Tadese, Mengistu, Getnet, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Mezgebe, Haftay Berhane, Miazgowski, Bartosz, Milosevic, Branko, Mokdad, Ali H., Monasta, Lorenzo, Moradi, Ghobad, Moraga, Paula, Mousavi, Seyyed Meysam, Mueller, Ulrich Otto, Murthy, Srinivas, Mustafa, Ghulam, Naheed, Aliya, Naik, Gurudatta, Newton, Charles Richard James, Nirayo, Yirga Legesse, Nixon, Molly R, Ofori-Asenso, Richard, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Olagunju, Andrew T, Olagunju, Tinuke O, Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola, Ortiz, Justin R, Owolabi, Mayowa Ojo, Patel, Shanti, Pinilla-Monsalve, Gabriel D., Postma, Maarten J, Qorbani, Mostafa, Rafiei, Alireza, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Reiner, Robert C, Renzaho, Andre M. N., Rezai, Mohammad Sadegh, Roba, Kedir Teji, Ronfani, Luca, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Rostami, Ali, Safari, Hosein, Safari, Saeed, Safiri, Saeid, Sagar, Rajesh, Samy, Abdallah M., Santric Milicevic, Milena M, Sartorius, Benn, Sarvi, Shahabeddin, Sawhney, Monika, Saxena, Sonia, Shafieesabet, Azadeh, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Sharif, Mehdi, Shigematsu, Mika, Si, Si, Skiadaresi, Eirini, Smith, Mari, Somayaji, Ranjani, Sufiyan, Mu'awiyyah Babale, Tawye, Nega Yimer, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Tortajada-Girbés, Miguel, Tran, Bach Xuan, Tran, Khanh Bao, Ukwaja, Kingsley Nnanna, Ullah, Irfan, Vujcic, Isidora S, Wagnew, Fasil Shiferaw, Waheed, Yasir, Weldegwergs, Kidu Gidey, Winkler, Andrea Sylvia, Wiysonge, Charles Shey, Wiyeh, Alison B., Wyper, Grant M. A., Yimer, Ebrahim M., Yonemoto, Naohiro, Zaidi, Zoubida, Zenebe, Zerihun Menlkalew, Feigin, Valery L., Vos, Theo, and Murray, Christopher J L

Abstract

Background: Acute meningitis has a high case-fatality rate and survivors can have severe lifelong disability. We aimed to provide a comprehensive assessment of the levels and trends of global meningitis burden that could help to guide introduction, continuation, and ongoing development of vaccines and treatment programmes. Methods: The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors (GBD) 2016 study estimated meningitis burden due to one of four types of cause: pneumococcal, meningococcal, Haemophilus influenzae type b, and a residual category of other causes. Cause-specific mortality estimates were generated via cause of death ensemble modelling of vital registration and verbal autopsy data that were subject to standardised data processing algorithms. Deaths were multiplied by the GBD standard life expectancy at age of death to estimate years of life lost, the mortality component of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs). A systematic analysis of relevant publications and hospital and claims data was used to estimate meningitis incidence via a Bayesian meta-regression tool. Meningitis deaths and cases were split between causes with meta-regressions of aetiological proportions of mortality and incidence, respectively. Probabilities of long-term impairment by cause of meningitis were applied to survivors and used to estimate years of life lived with disability (YLDs). We assessed the relationship between burden metrics and Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a composite measure of development based on fertility, income, and education. Findings: Global meningitis deaths decreased by 21·0% from 1990 to 2016, from 403 012 (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 319 426–458 514) to 318 400 (265 218–408 705). Incident cases globally increased from 2·50 million (95% UI 2·19–2·91) in 1990 to 2·82 million (2·46–3·31) in 2016. Meningitis mortality and incidence were closely related to SDI. The highest mortality rates and incidence rates were found in the peri-Sahelian countries that

Published
2018

31. Global, regional, and country-specific lifetime risks of stroke, 1990 and 2016

Author

Roth, G, Feigin, V, Nguyen, G, Cercy, K, Johnson, C, Alam, T, Parmar, P, Abajobir, A, Abate, K, Abd-Allah, F, Abejie, A, Abyu, G, Ademi, Z, Agarwal, G, Ahmed, M, Akinyemi, R, Al-Raddadi, R, Aminde, L, Amlie-Lefond, C, Ansari, H, Asayesh, H, Asgedom, S, Atey, T, Ayele, H, Banach, M, Banerjee, A, Barac, A, Barker-Collo, S, Bärnighausen, T, Barregard, L, Basu, S, Bedi, N, Behzadifar, M, Béjot, Y, Bennett, D, Bensenor, I, Berhe, D, Boneya, D, Brainin, M, Campos-Nonato, I, Caso, V, Castañeda-Orjuela, C, Rivas, J, Catalá-López, F, Christensen, H, Criqui, M, Damasceno, A, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Davletov, K, de Courten, B, Deveber, G, Dokova, K, Edessa, D, Endres, M, Faraon, E, Farvid, M, Fischer, F, Foreman, K, Forouzanfar, M, Gall, S, Gebrehiwot, T, Geleijnse, J, Gillum, R, Giroud, M, Goulart, A, Gupta, R, Hachinski, V, Hamadeh, R, Hankey, G, Hareri, H, Havmoeller, R, Hay, S, Hegazy, M, Hibstu, D, James, S, Jeemon, P, John, D, Jonas, J, Jóźwiak, J, Kalani, R, Kandel, A, Kasaeian, A, Kengne, A, Khader, Y, Khan, A, Khang, Y, Khubchandani, J, Kim, D, Kim, Y, Kivimaki, M, Kokubo, Y, Kolte, D, Kopec, J, Kosen, S, Kravchenko, M, Krishnamurthi, R, Anil Kumar, G, Lafranconi, A, Lavados, P, Legesse, Y, Li, Y, Liang, X, Lo, W, Lorkowski, S, Lotufo, P, Loy, C, Mackay, M, Abd El Razek, H, Mahdavi, M, Majeed, A, Malekzadeh, R, Malta, D, Mamun, A, Mantovani, L, Martins, S, Mate, K, Mazidi, M, Mehata, S, Meier, T, Melaku, Y, Mendoza, W, Mensah, G, Meretoja, A, Mezgebe, H, Miazgowski, T, Miller, T, Ibrahim, N, Mohammed, S, Mokdad, A, Moosazadeh, M, Moran, A, Musa, K, Negoi, R, Nguyen, M, Nguyen, Q, Nguyen, T, Tran, T, Anggraini Ningrum, D, Norrving, B, Noubiap, J, O'Donnell, M, Olagunju, A, Onuma, O, Owolabi, M, Parsaeian, M, Patton, G, Piradov, M, Pletcher, M, Pourmalek, F, Prakash, V, Qorbani, M, Rahman, M, Rai, R, Ranta, A, Rawaf, D, Rawaf, S, Renzaho, A, Robinson, S, Sahathevan, R, Sahebkar, A, Salomon, J, Santalucia, P, Santos, I, Sartorius, B, Schutte, A, Sepanlou, S, Shafieesabet, A, Shaikh, M, Shamsizadeh, M, Sheth, K, Sisay, M, Shin, M, Shiue, I, Silva, D, Sobngwi, E, Soljak, M, Sorensen, R, Sposato, L, Stranges, S, Suliankatchi, R, Tabarés-Seisdedos, R, Tanne, D, Tat Nguyen, C, Thakur, J, Thrift, A, Tirschwell, D, Topor-Madry, R, Tran, B, Nguyen, L, Truelsen, T, Tsilimparis, N, Tyrovolas, S, Ukwaja, K, Uthman, O, Varakin, Y, Vasankari, T, Venketasubramanian, N, Vlassov, V, Wang, W, Werdecker, A, Wolfe, C, Xu, G, Yano, Y, Yonemoto, N, Yu, C, Zaidi, Z, El Sayed Zaki, M, Zhou, M, Ziaeian, B, Zipkin, B, Vos, T, Naghavi, M, Murray, C, Roth, Gregory A., Feigin, Valery L., Nguyen, Grant, Cercy, Kelly, Johnson, Catherine O., Alam, Tahiya, Parmar, Priyakumari G., Abajobir, Amanuel A., Abate, Kalkidan H., Abd-Allah, Foad, Abejie, Ayenew N., Abyu, Gebre Y., Ademi, Zanfina, Agarwal, Gina, Ahmed, Muktar B., Akinyemi, Rufus O., Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Aminde, Leopold N., Amlie-Lefond, Catherine, Ansari, Hossein, Asayesh, Hamid, Asgedom, Solomon W., Atey, Tesfay M., Ayele, Henok T., Banach, Maciej, Banerjee, Amitava, Barac, Aleksandra, Barker-Collo, Suzanne L., Bärnighausen, Till, Barregard, Lars, Basu, Sanjay, Bedi, Neeraj, Behzadifar, Masoud, Béjot, Yannick, Bennett, Derrick A., Bensenor, Isabela M., Berhe, Derbew F., Boneya, Dube J., Brainin, Michael, Campos-Nonato, Ismael R., Caso, Valeria, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A., Rivas, Jacquelin C., Catalá-López, Ferrán, Christensen, Hanne, Criqui, Michael H., Damasceno, Albertino, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Davletov, Kairat, de Courten, Barbora, deVeber, Gabrielle, Dokova, Klara, Edessa, Dumessa, Endres, Matthias, Faraon, Emerito J. A., Farvid, Maryam S., Fischer, Florian, Foreman, Kyle, Forouzanfar, Mohammad H., Gall, Seana L., Gebrehiwot, Tsegaye T., Geleijnse, Johanna M., Gillum, Richard F., Giroud, Maurice, Goulart, Alessandra C., Gupta, Rahul, Gupta, Rajeev, Hachinski, Vladimir, Hamadeh, Randah R., Hankey, Graeme J., Hareri, Habtamu A., Havmoeller, Rasmus, Hay, Simon I., Hegazy, Mohamed I., Hibstu, Desalegn T., James, Spencer L., Jeemon, Panniyammakal, John, Denny, Jonas, Jost B., Jóźwiak, Jacek, Kalani, Rizwan, Kandel, Amit, Kasaeian, Amir, Kengne, Andre P., Khader, Yousef S., Khan, Abdur R., Khang, Young-Ho, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kim, Daniel, Kim, Yun J., Kivimaki, Mika, Kokubo, Yoshihiro, Kolte, Dhaval, Kopec, Jacek A., Kosen, Soewarta, Kravchenko, Michael, Krishnamurthi, Rita, Anil Kumar, G., Lafranconi, Alessandra, Lavados, Pablo M., Legesse, Yirga, Li, Yongmei, Liang, Xiaofeng, Lo, Warren D., Lorkowski, Stefan, Lotufo, Paulo A., Loy, Clement T., Mackay, Mark T., Abd El Razek, Hassan Magdy, Mahdavi, Mahdi, Majeed, Azeem, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malta, Deborah C., Mamun, Abdullah A., Mantovani, Lorenzo G., Martins, Sheila C. O., Mate, Kedar K., Mazidi, Mohsen, Mehata, Suresh, Meier, Toni, Melaku, Yohannes A., Mendoza, Walter, Mensah, George A., Meretoja, Atte, Mezgebe, Haftay B., Miazgowski, Tomasz, Miller, Ted R., Ibrahim, Norlinah M., Mohammed, Shafiu, Mokdad, Ali H., Moosazadeh, Mahmood, Moran, Andrew E., Musa, Kamarul I., Negoi, Ruxandra I., Nguyen, Minh, Nguyen, Quyen L., Nguyen, Trang H., Tran, Tung T., Nguyen, Thanh T., Anggraini Ningrum, Dina Nur, Norrving, Bo, Noubiap, Jean J., O'Donnell, Martin J., Olagunju, Andrew T., Onuma, Oyere K., Owolabi, Mayowa O., Parsaeian, Mahboubeh, Patton, George C., Piradov, Michael, Pletcher, Martin A., Pourmalek, Farshad, Prakash, V., Qorbani, Mostafa, Rahman, Mahfuzar, Rahman, Muhammad A., Rai, Rajesh K., Ranta, Annemarei, Rawaf, David, Rawaf, Salman, Renzaho, Andre M. N., Robinson, Stephen R., Sahathevan, Ramesh, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Salomon, Joshua A., Santalucia, Paola, Santos, Itamar S., Sartorius, Benn, Schutte, Aletta E., Sepanlou, Sadaf G., Shafieesabet, Azadeh, Shaikh, Masood A., Shamsizadeh, Morteza, Sheth, Kevin N., Sisay, Mekonnen, Shin, Min-Jeong, Shiue, Ivy, Silva, Diego A. S., Sobngwi, Eugene, Soljak, Michael, Sorensen, Reed J. D., Sposato, Luciano A., Stranges, Saverio, Suliankatchi, Rizwan A., Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Tanne, David, Tat Nguyen, Cuong, Thakur, J. S., Thrift, Amanda G., Tirschwell, David L., Topor-Madry, Roman, Tran, Bach X., Nguyen, Luong T., Truelsen, Thomas, Tsilimparis, Nikolaos, Tyrovolas, Stefanos, Ukwaja, Kingsley N., Uthman, Olalekan A., Varakin, Yuri, Vasankari, Tommi, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Vlassov, Vasiliy V., Wang, Wenzhi, Werdecker, Andrea, Wolfe, Charles D. A., Xu, Gelin, Yano, Yuichiro, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yu, Chuanhua, Zaidi, Zoubida, El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa, Zhou, Maigeng, Ziaeian, Boback, Zipkin, Ben, Vos, Theo, Naghavi, Mohsen, Murray, Christopher J. L., Roth, G, Feigin, V, Nguyen, G, Cercy, K, Johnson, C, Alam, T, Parmar, P, Abajobir, A, Abate, K, Abd-Allah, F, Abejie, A, Abyu, G, Ademi, Z, Agarwal, G, Ahmed, M, Akinyemi, R, Al-Raddadi, R, Aminde, L, Amlie-Lefond, C, Ansari, H, Asayesh, H, Asgedom, S, Atey, T, Ayele, H, Banach, M, Banerjee, A, Barac, A, Barker-Collo, S, Bärnighausen, T, Barregard, L, Basu, S, Bedi, N, Behzadifar, M, Béjot, Y, Bennett, D, Bensenor, I, Berhe, D, Boneya, D, Brainin, M, Campos-Nonato, I, Caso, V, Castañeda-Orjuela, C, Rivas, J, Catalá-López, F, Christensen, H, Criqui, M, Damasceno, A, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Davletov, K, de Courten, B, Deveber, G, Dokova, K, Edessa, D, Endres, M, Faraon, E, Farvid, M, Fischer, F, Foreman, K, Forouzanfar, M, Gall, S, Gebrehiwot, T, Geleijnse, J, Gillum, R, Giroud, M, Goulart, A, Gupta, R, Hachinski, V, Hamadeh, R, Hankey, G, Hareri, H, Havmoeller, R, Hay, S, Hegazy, M, Hibstu, D, James, S, Jeemon, P, John, D, Jonas, J, Jóźwiak, J, Kalani, R, Kandel, A, Kasaeian, A, Kengne, A, Khader, Y, Khan, A, Khang, Y, Khubchandani, J, Kim, D, Kim, Y, Kivimaki, M, Kokubo, Y, Kolte, D, Kopec, J, Kosen, S, Kravchenko, M, Krishnamurthi, R, Anil Kumar, G, Lafranconi, A, Lavados, P, Legesse, Y, Li, Y, Liang, X, Lo, W, Lorkowski, S, Lotufo, P, Loy, C, Mackay, M, Abd El Razek, H, Mahdavi, M, Majeed, A, Malekzadeh, R, Malta, D, Mamun, A, Mantovani, L, Martins, S, Mate, K, Mazidi, M, Mehata, S, Meier, T, Melaku, Y, Mendoza, W, Mensah, G, Meretoja, A, Mezgebe, H, Miazgowski, T, Miller, T, Ibrahim, N, Mohammed, S, Mokdad, A, Moosazadeh, M, Moran, A, Musa, K, Negoi, R, Nguyen, M, Nguyen, Q, Nguyen, T, Tran, T, Anggraini Ningrum, D, Norrving, B, Noubiap, J, O'Donnell, M, Olagunju, A, Onuma, O, Owolabi, M, Parsaeian, M, Patton, G, Piradov, M, Pletcher, M, Pourmalek, F, Prakash, V, Qorbani, M, Rahman, M, Rai, R, Ranta, A, Rawaf, D, Rawaf, S, Renzaho, A, Robinson, S, Sahathevan, R, Sahebkar, A, Salomon, J, Santalucia, P, Santos, I, Sartorius, B, Schutte, A, Sepanlou, S, Shafieesabet, A, Shaikh, M, Shamsizadeh, M, Sheth, K, Sisay, M, Shin, M, Shiue, I, Silva, D, Sobngwi, E, Soljak, M, Sorensen, R, Sposato, L, Stranges, S, Suliankatchi, R, Tabarés-Seisdedos, R, Tanne, D, Tat Nguyen, C, Thakur, J, Thrift, A, Tirschwell, D, Topor-Madry, R, Tran, B, Nguyen, L, Truelsen, T, Tsilimparis, N, Tyrovolas, S, Ukwaja, K, Uthman, O, Varakin, Y, Vasankari, T, Venketasubramanian, N, Vlassov, V, Wang, W, Werdecker, A, Wolfe, C, Xu, G, Yano, Y, Yonemoto, N, Yu, C, Zaidi, Z, El Sayed Zaki, M, Zhou, M, Ziaeian, B, Zipkin, B, Vos, T, Naghavi, M, Murray, C, Roth, Gregory A., Feigin, Valery L., Nguyen, Grant, Cercy, Kelly, Johnson, Catherine O., Alam, Tahiya, Parmar, Priyakumari G., Abajobir, Amanuel A., Abate, Kalkidan H., Abd-Allah, Foad, Abejie, Ayenew N., Abyu, Gebre Y., Ademi, Zanfina, Agarwal, Gina, Ahmed, Muktar B., Akinyemi, Rufus O., Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Aminde, Leopold N., Amlie-Lefond, Catherine, Ansari, Hossein, Asayesh, Hamid, Asgedom, Solomon W., Atey, Tesfay M., Ayele, Henok T., Banach, Maciej, Banerjee, Amitava, Barac, Aleksandra, Barker-Collo, Suzanne L., Bärnighausen, Till, Barregard, Lars, Basu, Sanjay, Bedi, Neeraj, Behzadifar, Masoud, Béjot, Yannick, Bennett, Derrick A., Bensenor, Isabela M., Berhe, Derbew F., Boneya, Dube J., Brainin, Michael, Campos-Nonato, Ismael R., Caso, Valeria, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A., Rivas, Jacquelin C., Catalá-López, Ferrán, Christensen, Hanne, Criqui, Michael H., Damasceno, Albertino, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Davletov, Kairat, de Courten, Barbora, deVeber, Gabrielle, Dokova, Klara, Edessa, Dumessa, Endres, Matthias, Faraon, Emerito J. A., Farvid, Maryam S., Fischer, Florian, Foreman, Kyle, Forouzanfar, Mohammad H., Gall, Seana L., Gebrehiwot, Tsegaye T., Geleijnse, Johanna M., Gillum, Richard F., Giroud, Maurice, Goulart, Alessandra C., Gupta, Rahul, Gupta, Rajeev, Hachinski, Vladimir, Hamadeh, Randah R., Hankey, Graeme J., Hareri, Habtamu A., Havmoeller, Rasmus, Hay, Simon I., Hegazy, Mohamed I., Hibstu, Desalegn T., James, Spencer L., Jeemon, Panniyammakal, John, Denny, Jonas, Jost B., Jóźwiak, Jacek, Kalani, Rizwan, Kandel, Amit, Kasaeian, Amir, Kengne, Andre P., Khader, Yousef S., Khan, Abdur R., Khang, Young-Ho, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kim, Daniel, Kim, Yun J., Kivimaki, Mika, Kokubo, Yoshihiro, Kolte, Dhaval, Kopec, Jacek A., Kosen, Soewarta, Kravchenko, Michael, Krishnamurthi, Rita, Anil Kumar, G., Lafranconi, Alessandra, Lavados, Pablo M., Legesse, Yirga, Li, Yongmei, Liang, Xiaofeng, Lo, Warren D., Lorkowski, Stefan, Lotufo, Paulo A., Loy, Clement T., Mackay, Mark T., Abd El Razek, Hassan Magdy, Mahdavi, Mahdi, Majeed, Azeem, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malta, Deborah C., Mamun, Abdullah A., Mantovani, Lorenzo G., Martins, Sheila C. O., Mate, Kedar K., Mazidi, Mohsen, Mehata, Suresh, Meier, Toni, Melaku, Yohannes A., Mendoza, Walter, Mensah, George A., Meretoja, Atte, Mezgebe, Haftay B., Miazgowski, Tomasz, Miller, Ted R., Ibrahim, Norlinah M., Mohammed, Shafiu, Mokdad, Ali H., Moosazadeh, Mahmood, Moran, Andrew E., Musa, Kamarul I., Negoi, Ruxandra I., Nguyen, Minh, Nguyen, Quyen L., Nguyen, Trang H., Tran, Tung T., Nguyen, Thanh T., Anggraini Ningrum, Dina Nur, Norrving, Bo, Noubiap, Jean J., O'Donnell, Martin J., Olagunju, Andrew T., Onuma, Oyere K., Owolabi, Mayowa O., Parsaeian, Mahboubeh, Patton, George C., Piradov, Michael, Pletcher, Martin A., Pourmalek, Farshad, Prakash, V., Qorbani, Mostafa, Rahman, Mahfuzar, Rahman, Muhammad A., Rai, Rajesh K., Ranta, Annemarei, Rawaf, David, Rawaf, Salman, Renzaho, Andre M. N., Robinson, Stephen R., Sahathevan, Ramesh, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Salomon, Joshua A., Santalucia, Paola, Santos, Itamar S., Sartorius, Benn, Schutte, Aletta E., Sepanlou, Sadaf G., Shafieesabet, Azadeh, Shaikh, Masood A., Shamsizadeh, Morteza, Sheth, Kevin N., Sisay, Mekonnen, Shin, Min-Jeong, Shiue, Ivy, Silva, Diego A. S., Sobngwi, Eugene, Soljak, Michael, Sorensen, Reed J. D., Sposato, Luciano A., Stranges, Saverio, Suliankatchi, Rizwan A., Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Tanne, David, Tat Nguyen, Cuong, Thakur, J. S., Thrift, Amanda G., Tirschwell, David L., Topor-Madry, Roman, Tran, Bach X., Nguyen, Luong T., Truelsen, Thomas, Tsilimparis, Nikolaos, Tyrovolas, Stefanos, Ukwaja, Kingsley N., Uthman, Olalekan A., Varakin, Yuri, Vasankari, Tommi, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Vlassov, Vasiliy V., Wang, Wenzhi, Werdecker, Andrea, Wolfe, Charles D. A., Xu, Gelin, Yano, Yuichiro, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yu, Chuanhua, Zaidi, Zoubida, El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa, Zhou, Maigeng, Ziaeian, Boback, Zipkin, Ben, Vos, Theo, Naghavi, Mohsen, and Murray, Christopher J. L.

Abstract

BACKGROUND The lifetime risk of stroke has been calculated in a limited number of selected populations. We sought to estimate the lifetime risk of stroke at the regional, country, and global level using data from a comprehensive study of the prevalence of major diseases. METHODS We used the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2016 estimates of stroke incidence and the competing risks of death from any cause other than stroke to calculate the cumulative lifetime risks of first stroke, ischemic stroke, or hemorrhagic stroke among adults 25 years of age or older. Estimates of the lifetime risks in the years 1990 and 2016 were compared. Countries were categorized into quintiles of the sociodemographic index (SDI) used in the GBD Study, and the risks were compared across quintiles. Comparisons were made with the use of point estimates and uncertainty intervals representing the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles around the estimate. RESULTS The estimated global lifetime risk of stroke from the age of 25 years onward was 24.9% (95% uncertainty interval, 23.5 to 26.2); the risk among men was 24.7% (95% uncertainty interval, 23.3 to 26.0), and the risk among women was 25.1% (95% uncertainty interval, 23.7 to 26.5). The risk of ischemic stroke was 18.3%, and the risk of hemorrhagic stroke was 8.2%. In high-SDI, high-middle-SDI, and low- SDI countries, the estimated lifetime risk of stroke was 23.5%, 31.1% (highest risk), and 13.2% (lowest risk), respectively; the 95% uncertainty intervals did not overlap between these categories. The highest estimated lifetime risks of stroke according to GBD region were in East Asia (38.8%), Central Europe (31.7%), and Eastern Europe (31.6%), and the lowest risk was in eastern sub-Saharan Africa (11.8%). The mean global lifetime risk of stroke increased from 22.8% in 1990 to 24.9% in 2016, a relative increase of 8.9% (95% uncertainty interval, 6.2 to 11.5); the competing risk of death from any cause other than stroke was considered in this calcul

Published
2018

33. WHY AREN’T PEOPLE WITH YOUNG ONSET DEMENTIA AND THEIR CAREGIVERS USING FORMAL SERVICES?

Author

Adrienne Withall, Loy C, Monica Cations, White F, Henry Brodaty, Julian N. Trollor, Brian Draper, and Peter Gonski

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Abstracts, Health (social science), Young onset dementia, medicine, Life-span and Life-course Studies, Psychology, Psychiatry, Health Professions (miscellaneous)
Abstract

Despite reporting high levels of burden, people with young onset dementia (YOD) and their caregivers underuse formal services. Whether barriers to use are similar to those for older people are unknown. The aim of this mixed-methods study was to assess both patient/caregiver-related and service-specific/contextual barriers to service use in YOD, and establish recommendations for service design.

Published
2017

35. 12 Advanced materials for biomedical applications

Author

Mantovani, D., primary, Levesque, L., additional, Sabbatier, G., additional, Leroy, M., additional, Seifu, D. G., additional, Tolouei, R., additional, Montaño, V., additional, Cloutier, M., additional, Bilem, I., additional, Loy, C., additional, Byad, M., additional, Paternoster, C., additional, Hoesli, C. A., additional, Drouin, B., additional, and Laroche, G., additional

Published
2018
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37. Why aren't people with young onset dementia and their supporters using formal services? Results from the INSPIRED study

Author

Cations, M, Withall, A, Horsfall, R, Denham, N, White, F, Trollor, J, Loy, C, Brodaty, H, Sachdev, PS, Gonski, P, Demirkol, A, Cumming, RG, Draper, B, Cations, M, Withall, A, Horsfall, R, Denham, N, White, F, Trollor, J, Loy, C, Brodaty, H, Sachdev, PS, Gonski, P, Demirkol, A, Cumming, RG, and Draper, B

Abstract

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Despite reporting high levels of burden, supporters of people with young onset dementia (YOD) underuse formal community services. Previous quantitative studies in YOD are of limited utility in guiding service design because they did not consider important contextual barriers to service use. The aim of this study was to identify all relevant barriers and describe the service features considered most important to improving uptake by people with YOD and their supporters. METHODS: Eighty-six people with consensus-confirmed YOD (mean onset age 55.3 years) and/or their primary supporter participated in quantitative interviews, and 50 also participated in one of seven qualitative focus groups. Interview participants reported levels of community service use and reasons for non-use, functional impairment, behavioural and psychological symptoms, supporter burden, social network, and informal care provision. Focus group participants expanded on reasons for non-use and aspects of an ideal service. RESULTS: Although at least one community service was recommended to most participants (96.8%), 66.7% chose not to use one or more of these. Few of the clinical or demographic factors included here were related to service use. Qualitative analyses identified that lack of perceived need, availability, and YOD-specific barriers (including ineligibility, unaffordability, lack of security, lack of childcare) were commonly reported. Five aspects of an ideal service were noted: unique, flexibile, affordable, tailored, and promoting meaningful engagement. CONCLUSION: People with YOD and their families report that formal community services do not meet their personal and psychological needs. Researchers can provide ongoing assessment of program feasibility, suitability, and generalisability.

Published
2017

38. Global, regional, and national burden of neurological disorders during 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

Author

Feigin, V, Abajobir, A, Abate, K, Abd-Allah, F, Abdulle, A, Abera, S, Abyu, G, Ahmed, M, Aichour, A, Aichour, I, Aichour, M, Akinyemi, R, Alabed, S, Al-Raddadi, R, Alvis-Guzman, N, Amare, A, Ansari, H, Anwari, P, Ärnlöv, J, Asayesh, H, Asgedom, S, Atey, T, Avila-Burgos, L, Frinel, E, Avokpaho, G, Barac, A, Barboza, M, Barker-Collo, S, Bärnighausen, T, Bedi, N, Beghi, E, Bennett, D, Bensenor, I, Berhane, A, Betsu, B, Bhaumik, S, Birlik, S, Biryukov, S, Boneya, D, Bulto, L, Carabin, H, Casey, D, Castañeda-Orjuela, C, Catalá-López, F, Chen, H, Chitheer, A, Chowdhury, R, Christensen, H, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Veber, G, Dharmaratne, S, Do, H, Dokova, K, Dorsey, E, Ellenbogen, R, Eskandarieh, S, Farvid, M, Fereshtehnejad, S, Fischer, F, Foreman, K, Geleijnse, J, Gillum, R, Giussani, G, Gona, P, Goulart, A, Gugnani, H, Gupta, R, Hamadeh, R, Hambisa, M, Hankey, G, Hareri, H, Havmoeller, R, Hay, S, Heydarpour, P, Hotez, P, Jakovljevic, M, Javanbakht, M, Jeemon, P, Jonas, J, Kalkonde, Y, Kandel, A, Karch, A, Kasaeian, A, Kastor, A, Keiyoro, P, Khader, Y, Khalil, I, Khan, E, Khang, Y, Tawfih, A, Khoja, A, Khubchandani, J, Kim, D, Kim, Y, Kivimaki, M, Kokubo, Y, Kosen, S, Kravchenko, M, Krishnamurthi, R, Defo, B, Kumar, G, Kumar, R, Kyu, H, Larsson, A, Lavados, P, Li, Y, Liang, X, Liben, M, Lo, W, Logroscino, G, Lotufo, P, Loy, C, Mackay, M, El Razek, H, El Razek, M, Majeed, A, Malekzadeh, R, Manhertz, T, Mantovani, L, Massano, J, Mazidi, M, Mcalinden, C, Mehata, S, Mehndiratta, M, Memish, Z, Mendoza, W, Mengistie, M, Mensah, G, Meretoja, A, Mezgebe, H, Miller, T, Mishra, S, Ibrahim, N, Mohammadi, A, Mohammed, K, Mohammed, S, Mokdad, A, Moradi-Lakeh, M, Velasquez, I, Musa, K, Naghavi, M, Ngunjiri, J, Nguyen, C, Nguyen, G, Le Nguyen, Q, Nguyen, T, Nichols, E, Ningrum, D, Nong, V, Norrving, B, Noubiap, J, Ogbo, F, Owolabi, M, Pandian, J, Petzold, M, Phillips, M, Piradov, M, Poulton, R, Pourmalek, F, Qorbani, M, Rafay, A, Rahman, M, Rai, R, Rajsic, S, Ranta, A, Rawaf, S, Renzaho, A, Rezai, M, Roshandel, G, Rubagotti, E, Sachdev, P, Safiri, S, Sahathevan, R, Sahraian, M, Samy, A, Santalucia, P, Santos, I, Sartorius, B, Satpathy, M, Sawhney, M, Saylan, M, Sepanlou, S, Shaikh, M, Shakir, R, Shamsizadeh, M, Sheth, K, Shigematsu, M, Shoman, H, Silva, D, Smith, M, Sobngwi, E, Sposato, L, Stein, D, Steiner, T, Stovner, L, Abdulkader, R, EI Szoeke, C, Tabarés-Seisdedos, R, Tanne, D, Theadom, A, Thrift, A, Tirschwell, D, Topor-Madry, R, Tran, B, Truelsen, T, Tuem, K, Ukwaja, K, Uthman, O, Varakin, Y, Vasankari, T, Venketasubramanian, N, Vlassov, V, Wadilo, F, Wakayo, T, Wallin, M, Weiderpass, E, Westerman, R, Wijeratne, T, Wiysonge, C, Woldu, M, Wolfe, C, Xavier, D, Xu, G, Yano, Y, Yimam, H, Yonemoto, N, Yu, C, Zaidi, Z, El Sayed Zaki, M, Zunt, J, Murray, C, Vos, T, Feigin, VL, Abajobir, AA, Abate, KH, Abdulle, AM, Abera, SF, Abyu, GY, Ahmed, MB, Aichour, AN, Aichour, MTE, Akinyemi, RO, Amare, AT, Asgedom, SW, Atey, TM, Avokpaho, GA, Barker-Collo, SL, Bennett, DA, Bensenor, IM, Betsu, BD, Birlik, SM, Boneya, DJ, Bulto, LNB, Castañeda-Orjuela, CA, Chitheer, AA, Veber, GA, Dharmaratne, SD, Do, HP, Dorsey, ER, Ellenbogen, RG, Farvid, MS, Fereshtehnejad, SM, Foreman, KJ, Geleijnse, JM, Gillum, RF, Gona, PN, Goulart, AC, Gugnani, HC, Hamadeh, RR, Hankey, GJ, Hareri, HA, Hay, SI, Hotez, PJ, Jakovljevic, MMB, Jonas, JB, Keiyoro, PN, Khader, YS, Khalil, IA, Khan, EA, Khang, YH, Kim, YJ, Krishnamurthi, RV, Defo, BK, Kumar, GA, Kyu, HH, Lavados, PM, Liben, ML, Lo, WD, Lotufo, PA, Loy, CT, Mackay, MT, El Razek, HMA, El Razek, MMA, Mantovani, LG, McAlinden, C, Mehndiratta, MM, Memish, ZA, Mengistie, MA, Mensah, GA, Mezgebe, HB, Miller, TR, Mishra, SR, Ibrahim, NM, Mohammed, KE, Mokdad, AH, Velasquez, IM, Musa, KI, Ngunjiri, JW, Nguyen, CT, Nguyen, TH, Ningrum, DNA, Nong, VM, Noubiap, JJN, Ogbo, FA, Owolabi, MO, Pandian, JD, Phillips, MR, Piradov, MA, Poulton, RG, Rahman, MH, Rai, RK, Renzaho, AMN, Rezai, MS, Sahraian, MA, Samy, AM, Santos, IS, Saylan, MI, Sepanlou, SG, Shaikh, MA, Sheth, KN, Silva, DAS, Sposato, LA, Stein, DJ, Steiner, TJ, Stovner, LJ, Abdulkader, RS, Theadom, AM, Thrift, AG, Tirschwell, DL, Tran, BX, Tuem, KB, Ukwaja, KN, Uthman, OA, Varakin, YY, Vlassov, VV, Wallin, MT, Wiysonge, CS, Woldu, MA, Wolfe, CDA, Yimam, HH, Zunt, JR, Murray, CJL, Feigin, V, Abajobir, A, Abate, K, Abd-Allah, F, Abdulle, A, Abera, S, Abyu, G, Ahmed, M, Aichour, A, Aichour, I, Aichour, M, Akinyemi, R, Alabed, S, Al-Raddadi, R, Alvis-Guzman, N, Amare, A, Ansari, H, Anwari, P, Ärnlöv, J, Asayesh, H, Asgedom, S, Atey, T, Avila-Burgos, L, Frinel, E, Avokpaho, G, Barac, A, Barboza, M, Barker-Collo, S, Bärnighausen, T, Bedi, N, Beghi, E, Bennett, D, Bensenor, I, Berhane, A, Betsu, B, Bhaumik, S, Birlik, S, Biryukov, S, Boneya, D, Bulto, L, Carabin, H, Casey, D, Castañeda-Orjuela, C, Catalá-López, F, Chen, H, Chitheer, A, Chowdhury, R, Christensen, H, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Veber, G, Dharmaratne, S, Do, H, Dokova, K, Dorsey, E, Ellenbogen, R, Eskandarieh, S, Farvid, M, Fereshtehnejad, S, Fischer, F, Foreman, K, Geleijnse, J, Gillum, R, Giussani, G, Gona, P, Goulart, A, Gugnani, H, Gupta, R, Hamadeh, R, Hambisa, M, Hankey, G, Hareri, H, Havmoeller, R, Hay, S, Heydarpour, P, Hotez, P, Jakovljevic, M, Javanbakht, M, Jeemon, P, Jonas, J, Kalkonde, Y, Kandel, A, Karch, A, Kasaeian, A, Kastor, A, Keiyoro, P, Khader, Y, Khalil, I, Khan, E, Khang, Y, Tawfih, A, Khoja, A, Khubchandani, J, Kim, D, Kim, Y, Kivimaki, M, Kokubo, Y, Kosen, S, Kravchenko, M, Krishnamurthi, R, Defo, B, Kumar, G, Kumar, R, Kyu, H, Larsson, A, Lavados, P, Li, Y, Liang, X, Liben, M, Lo, W, Logroscino, G, Lotufo, P, Loy, C, Mackay, M, El Razek, H, El Razek, M, Majeed, A, Malekzadeh, R, Manhertz, T, Mantovani, L, Massano, J, Mazidi, M, Mcalinden, C, Mehata, S, Mehndiratta, M, Memish, Z, Mendoza, W, Mengistie, M, Mensah, G, Meretoja, A, Mezgebe, H, Miller, T, Mishra, S, Ibrahim, N, Mohammadi, A, Mohammed, K, Mohammed, S, Mokdad, A, Moradi-Lakeh, M, Velasquez, I, Musa, K, Naghavi, M, Ngunjiri, J, Nguyen, C, Nguyen, G, Le Nguyen, Q, Nguyen, T, Nichols, E, Ningrum, D, Nong, V, Norrving, B, Noubiap, J, Ogbo, F, Owolabi, M, Pandian, J, Petzold, M, Phillips, M, Piradov, M, Poulton, R, Pourmalek, F, Qorbani, M, Rafay, A, Rahman, M, Rai, R, Rajsic, S, Ranta, A, Rawaf, S, Renzaho, A, Rezai, M, Roshandel, G, Rubagotti, E, Sachdev, P, Safiri, S, Sahathevan, R, Sahraian, M, Samy, A, Santalucia, P, Santos, I, Sartorius, B, Satpathy, M, Sawhney, M, Saylan, M, Sepanlou, S, Shaikh, M, Shakir, R, Shamsizadeh, M, Sheth, K, Shigematsu, M, Shoman, H, Silva, D, Smith, M, Sobngwi, E, Sposato, L, Stein, D, Steiner, T, Stovner, L, Abdulkader, R, EI Szoeke, C, Tabarés-Seisdedos, R, Tanne, D, Theadom, A, Thrift, A, Tirschwell, D, Topor-Madry, R, Tran, B, Truelsen, T, Tuem, K, Ukwaja, K, Uthman, O, Varakin, Y, Vasankari, T, Venketasubramanian, N, Vlassov, V, Wadilo, F, Wakayo, T, Wallin, M, Weiderpass, E, Westerman, R, Wijeratne, T, Wiysonge, C, Woldu, M, Wolfe, C, Xavier, D, Xu, G, Yano, Y, Yimam, H, Yonemoto, N, Yu, C, Zaidi, Z, El Sayed Zaki, M, Zunt, J, Murray, C, Vos, T, Feigin, VL, Abajobir, AA, Abate, KH, Abdulle, AM, Abera, SF, Abyu, GY, Ahmed, MB, Aichour, AN, Aichour, MTE, Akinyemi, RO, Amare, AT, Asgedom, SW, Atey, TM, Avokpaho, GA, Barker-Collo, SL, Bennett, DA, Bensenor, IM, Betsu, BD, Birlik, SM, Boneya, DJ, Bulto, LNB, Castañeda-Orjuela, CA, Chitheer, AA, Veber, GA, Dharmaratne, SD, Do, HP, Dorsey, ER, Ellenbogen, RG, Farvid, MS, Fereshtehnejad, SM, Foreman, KJ, Geleijnse, JM, Gillum, RF, Gona, PN, Goulart, AC, Gugnani, HC, Hamadeh, RR, Hankey, GJ, Hareri, HA, Hay, SI, Hotez, PJ, Jakovljevic, MMB, Jonas, JB, Keiyoro, PN, Khader, YS, Khalil, IA, Khan, EA, Khang, YH, Kim, YJ, Krishnamurthi, RV, Defo, BK, Kumar, GA, Kyu, HH, Lavados, PM, Liben, ML, Lo, WD, Lotufo, PA, Loy, CT, Mackay, MT, El Razek, HMA, El Razek, MMA, Mantovani, LG, McAlinden, C, Mehndiratta, MM, Memish, ZA, Mengistie, MA, Mensah, GA, Mezgebe, HB, Miller, TR, Mishra, SR, Ibrahim, NM, Mohammed, KE, Mokdad, AH, Velasquez, IM, Musa, KI, Ngunjiri, JW, Nguyen, CT, Nguyen, TH, Ningrum, DNA, Nong, VM, Noubiap, JJN, Ogbo, FA, Owolabi, MO, Pandian, JD, Phillips, MR, Piradov, MA, Poulton, RG, Rahman, MH, Rai, RK, Renzaho, AMN, Rezai, MS, Sahraian, MA, Samy, AM, Santos, IS, Saylan, MI, Sepanlou, SG, Shaikh, MA, Sheth, KN, Silva, DAS, Sposato, LA, Stein, DJ, Steiner, TJ, Stovner, LJ, Abdulkader, RS, Theadom, AM, Thrift, AG, Tirschwell, DL, Tran, BX, Tuem, KB, Ukwaja, KN, Uthman, OA, Varakin, YY, Vlassov, VV, Wallin, MT, Wiysonge, CS, Woldu, MA, Wolfe, CDA, Yimam, HH, Zunt, JR, and Murray, CJL

Abstract

Background Comparable data on the global and country-specific burden of neurological disorders and their trends are crucial for health-care planning and resource allocation. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors (GBD) Study provides such information but does not routinely aggregate results that are of interest to clinicians specialising in neurological conditions. In this systematic analysis, we quantified the global disease burden due to neurological disorders in 2015 and its relationship with country development level. Methods We estimated global and country-specific prevalence, mortality, disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), years of life lost (YLLs), and years lived with disability (YLDs) for various neurological disorders that in the GBD classification have been previously spread across multiple disease groupings. The more inclusive grouping of neurological disorders included stroke, meningitis, encephalitis, tetanus, Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, motor neuron disease, migraine, tension-type headache, medication overuse headache, brain and nervous system cancers, and a residual category of other neurological disorders. We also analysed results based on the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a compound measure of income per capita, education, and fertility, to identify patterns associated with development and how countries fare against expected outcomes relative to their level of development. Findings Neurological disorders ranked as the leading cause group of DALYs in 2015 (250·7 [95% uncertainty interval (UI) 229·1 to 274·7] million, comprising 10·2% of global DALYs) and the second-leading cause group of deaths (9·4 [9·1 to 9·7] million], comprising 16·8% of global deaths). The most prevalent neurological disorders were tension-type headache (1505·9 [UI 1337·3 to 1681·6 million cases]), migraine (958·8 [872·1 to 1055·6] million), medication overuse headache (58·5 [50·8 to 67·4 mil

Published
2017

39. The impact of oculomotor functioning on neuropsychological performance in Huntington disease

Author

Carvalho, JO, Long, JD, Westervelt, HJ, Smith, MM, Bruce, JM, Kim, JI, Mills, JA, Paulsen, JS, De Soriano, I, Shadrick, C, Miller, A, Chiu, E, Preston, J, Goh, A, Antonopoulos, S, Loi, S, Chua, P, Komiti, A, Raymond, L, Decolongon, J, Fan, M, Coleman, A, Ross, CA, Varvaris, M, Ong, M, Yoritomo, N, Mallonee, WM, Suter, G, Samii, A, Freney, EP, Macaraeg, A, Jones, R, Wood-Siverio, C, Factor, SA, Barker, RA, Mason, S, Guzman, NV, McCusker, E, Griffith, J, Loy, C, McMillan, J, Gunn, D, Orth, M, Süßmuth, S, Barth, K, Trautmann, S, Schwenk, D, Eschenbach, C, Quaid, K, Wesson, M, Wojcieszek, J, Guttman, M, Sheinberg, A, Law, A, Karmalkar, I, Perlman, S, Clemente, B, Geschwind, MD, Sha, S, Winer, J, Satris, G, Warner, T, Burrows, M, Rosser, A, Price, K, Hunt, S, Marshall, F, Chesire, A, Wodarski, M, Hickey, C, Panegyres, P, Lee, J, Tedesco, M, Maxwell, B, Perlmutter, J, Barton, S, Smith, S, Miedzybrodzka, Z, Rae, D, Vaughan, V, D'Alessandro, M, Craufurd, D, Bek, J, Howard, E, Mazzoni, P, Marder, K, Wasserman, P, Kumar, R, Erickson, D, Reeves, C, Nickels, B, Wheelock, V, Kjer, L, Martin, A, and Farias, S

Subjects
genetic structures
Abstract

© 2016 Taylor & Francis. Huntington disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative condition with prominent motor (including oculomotor), cognitive, and psychiatric effects. While neuropsychological deficits are present in HD, motor impairments may impact performance on neuropsychological measures, especially those requiring a speeded response, as has been demonstrated in multiple sclerosis and schizophrenia. The current study is the first to explore associations between oculomotor functions and neuropsychological performance in HD. Participants with impaired oculomotor functioning performed worse than those with normal oculomotor functioning on cognitive tasks requiring oculomotor involvement, particularly on psychomotor speed tasks, controlling for covariates. Consideration of oculomotor dysfunction on neuropsychological performance is critical, particularly for populations with motor deficits.

Published
2016

45. Intra-individual variability in prodromal Huntington disease and its relationship to genetic burden

Author

Musso, M, Westervelt, HJ, Long, JD, Morgan, E, Woods, SP, Smith, MM, Lu, W, Paulsen, JS, Cross, S, Ryan, P, Epping, EA, Chiu, E, Preston, J, Goh, A, Antonopoulos, S, Loi, S, Chua, P, Komiti, A, Raymond, L, Decolongon, J, Fan, M, Coleman, A, Ross, CA, Varvaris, M, Yoritomo, N, Mallonee, WM, Suter, G, Samii, A, Macaraeg, A, Jones, R, Wood-Siverio, C, Factor, SA, Barker, RA, Mason, S, Guzman, NV, McCusker, E, Griffith, J, Loy, C, Gunn, D, Orth, M, Süßmuth, S, Barth, K, Trautmann, S, Schwenk, D, Eschenbach, C, Quaid, K, Wesson, M, Wojcieszek, J, Guttman, M, Sheinberg, A, Karmalkar, I, Perlman, S, Clemente, B, Geschwind, MD, Sha, S, Satris, G, Warner, T, Burrows, M, Rosser, A, Price, K, Hunt, S, Marshall, F, Chesire, A, Wodarski, M, Hickey, C, Panegyres, P, Lee, J, Tedesco, M, Maxwell, B, Perlmutter, J, Barton, S, Smith, S, Miedzybrodzka, Z, Rae, D, D'Alessandro, M, Craufurd, D, Bek, J, Howard, E, Mazzoni, P, Marder, K, Wasserman, P, Kumar, R, Erickson, D, Nickels, B, Wheelock, V, Kjer, L, Martin, A, Farias, S, Suchowersky, O, Martin, W, King, P, Wieler, M, Sran, S, Ahmed, A, Rao, S, and Reece, C

Abstract

© INS. The International Neuropsychological Society 2015. The current study sought to examine the utility of intra-individual variability (IIV) in distinguishing participants with prodromal Huntington disease (HD) from nongene-expanded controls. IIV across 15 neuropsychological tasks and within-task IIV using a self-paced timing task were compared as a single measure of processing speed (Symbol Digit Modalities Test [SDMT]) in 693 gene-expanded and 191 nongene-expanded participants from the PREDICT-HD study. After adjusting for depressive symptoms and motor functioning, individuals estimated to be closest to HD diagnosis displayed higher levels of across- and within-task variability when compared to controls and those prodromal HD participants far from disease onset (FICV(3,877) = 11.25; p

Published
2015

46. Multivariate clustering of progression profiles reveals different depression patterns in prodromal huntington disease

Author

Kim, JI, Long, JD, Mills, JA, McCusker, E, Paulsen, JS, De Soriano, I, Shadrick, C, Miller, A, Chiu, E, Preston, J, Goh, A, Antonopoulos, S, Loi, S, Chua, P, Komiti, A, Raymond, L, Decolongon, J, Fan, M, Coleman, A, Ross, CA, Varvaris, M, Ong, M, Yoritomo, N, Mallonee, WM, Suter, G, Samii, A, Freney, EP, Macaraeg, A, Jones, R, Wood-Siverio, C, Factor, SA, Barker, RA, Mason, S, Guzman, NV, Griffith, J, Loy, C, McMillan, J, Gunn, D, Orth, M, Süßmuth, S, Barth, K, Trautmann, S, Schwenk, D, Eschenbach, C, Quaid, K, Wesson, M, Wojcieszek, J, Guttman, M, Sheinberg, A, Law, A, Karmalkar, I, Perlman, S, Clemente, B, Geschwind, MD, Sha, S, Winer, J, Satris, G, Warner, T, Burrows, M, Rosser, A, Price, K, Hunt, S, Marshall, F, Chesire, A, Wodarski, M, Hickey, C, Panegyres, P, Lee, J, Tedesco, M, Maxwell, B, Perlmutter, J, Barton, S, Smith, S, Miedzybrodzka, Z, Rae, D, Vaughan, V, D'Alessandro, M, Craufurd, D, Bek, J, Howard, E, Mazzoni, P, Marder, K, Wasserman, P, Kumar, R, Erickson, D, Reeves, C, Nickels, B, Wheelock, V, Kjer, L, Martin, A, Farias, S, Martin, W, Suchowersky, O, King, P, Wieler, M, Sran, S, Ahmed, A, and Rao, S

Abstract

Objective: Although Huntington disease (HD) is caused by an autosomal dominant mutation, its phenotypic presentation differs widely. Variability in clinical phenotypes of HD may reflect the existence of disease subtypes. This hypothesis was tested in prodromal participants from the longitudinal Neurobiological Predictors of Huntington Disease (PREDICT-HD) study. Method: We performed clustering using longitudinal data assessing motor, cognitive, and depression symptoms. Using data from 521 participants with 2,716 data points, we fit growth mixture models (GMM) that identify groups based on multivariate trajectories. Results: In various GMM, different phases of disease progression were partitioned by progression trajectories of motor and cognitive signs, and by overall level of depression symptoms. More progressed motor signs were accompanied by more progressed cognitive signs, but not always by higher levels of depressive symptoms. In several models, there were at least 2 groups with similar trajectories for motor and cognitive signs that showed different levels for depression symptoms- one with a very low level of depression and the other with a higher level of depression. Conclusions: Findings indicate that at least intermediate HD progression might be associated with different levels of depression. Depression is one of the few symptoms that is treatable in HD and has implications for clinical care. Identification of potential depression subtypes may also help to select appropriate patients for clinical trials.

Published
2015

47. Prefrontal cortex white matter tracts in prodromal Huntington disease

Author

Matsui, JT, Vaidya, JG, Wassermann, D, Kim, RE, Magnotta, VA, Johnson, HJ, Paulsen, JS, Isabella De Soriano, Shadrick, C, Miller, A, Edmond Chiu, Preston, J, Goh, A, Antonopoulos, S, Loi, S, Chua, P, Komiti, A, Lynn Raymond, Decolongon, J, Fan, M, Coleman, A, Christopher, AR, Varvaris, M, Ong, M, Yoritomo, N, Mallonee, WM, Suter, G, Samii, A, Freney, EP, Macaraeg, A, Jones, R, Wood-Siverio, C, Factor, SA, Barker, RA, Mason, S, Guzman, NV, McCusker, E, Griffith, J, Loy, C, McMillan, J, Gunn, D, Orth, M, Sübmuth, S, Barth, K, Trautmann, S, Schwenk, D, Eschenbach, C, Quaid, K, Wesson, M, Wojcieszek, J, Guttman, M, Sheinberg, A, Law, A, Karmalkar, I, Perlman, S, Clemente, B, Geschwind, MD, Sha, S, Winer, J, Satris, G, Warner, T, Burrows, M, Rosser, A, Price, K, Hunt, S, Marshall, F, Chesire, A, Wodarski, M, Hickey, C, Panegyres, P, Lee, J, Tedesco, M, Maxwell, B, Perlmutter, J, Barton, S, Smith, S, Miedzybrodzka, Z, Rae, D, Vaughan, V, D'Alessandro, M, Craufurd, D, Bek, J, Howard, E, Mazzoni, P, Marder, K, Wasserman, P, Kumar, R, Erickson, D, Reeves, C, Nickels, B, Wheelock, V, Kjer, L, and Martin, A

Abstract

© 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Huntington disease (HD) is most widely known for its selective degeneration of striatal neurons but there is also growing evidence for white matter (WM) deterioration. The primary objective of this research was to conduct a large-scale analysis using multisite diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) tractography data to quantify diffusivity properties along major prefrontal cortex WM tracts in prodromal HD. Fifteen international sites participating in the PREDICT-HD study collected imaging and neuropsychological data on gene-positive HD participants without a clinical diagnosis (i.e., prodromal) and gene-negative control participants. The anatomical prefrontal WM tracts of the corpus callosum (PFCC), anterior thalamic radiations (ATRs), inferior fronto-occipital fasciculi (IFO), and uncinate fasciculi (UNC) were identified using streamline tractography of DWI. Within each of these tracts, tensor scalars for fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity, radial diffusivity, and axial diffusivity coefficients were calculated. We divided prodromal HD subjects into three CAG-age product (CAP) groups having Low, Medium, or High probabilities of onset indexed by genetic exposure. We observed significant differences in WM properties for each of the four anatomical tracts for the High CAP group in comparison to controls. Additionally, the Medium CAP group presented differences in the ATR and IFO in comparison to controls. Furthermore, WM alterations in the PFCC, ATR, and IFO showed robust associations with neuropsychological measures of executive functioning. These results suggest long-range tracts essential for cross-region information transfer show early vulnerability in HD and may explain cognitive problems often present in the prodromal stage.

Published
2015

48. Multivariate prediction of motor diagnosis in Huntington's disease: 12 years of PREDICT-HD

Author

Long, JD, Paulsen, JS, Soriano, ID, Shadrick, C, Miller, A, Chiu, E, Preston, J, Goh, A, Antonopoulos, S, Loi, S, Chua, P, Komiti, A, Raymond, L, Decolongon, J, Fan, M, Coleman, A, Ross, CA, Varvaris, M, Ong, M, Yoritomo, N, Mallonee, WM, Suter, G, Samii, A, Freney, EP, Macaraeg, A, Jones, R, Wood-Siverio, C, Factor, SA, Barker, RA, Mason, S, Guzman, NV, McCusker, E, Griffith, J, Loy, C, McMillan, J, Gunn, D, Orth, M, Submuth, S, Barth, K, Trautmann, S, Schwenk, D, Eschenbach, C, Quaid, K, Wesson, M, Wojcieszek, J, Guttman, M, Sheinberg, A, Law, A, Karmalkar, I, Perlman, S, Clemente, B, Geschwind, MD, Sha, S, Winer, J, Satris, G, Warner, T, Burrows, M, Rosser, A, Price, K, Hunt, S, Marshall, F, Chesire, A, Wodarski, M, Hickey, C, Panegyres, P, Lee, J, Tedesco, M, Maxwell, B, Perlmutter, J, Barton, S, Smith, S, Miedzybrodzka, Z, Rae, D, Vaughan, V, D'Alessandro, M, Craufurd, D, Bek, J, Howard, E, Mazzoni, P, Marder, K, Wasserman, P, Kumar, R, Erickson, D, Reeves, C, Nickels, B, Wheelock, V, Kjer, L, Martin, A, Farias, S, Martin, W, Suchowersky, O, King, P, Wieler, M, and Sran, S

Abstract

© 2015 The Authors. Background: It is well known in Huntington's disease that cytosine-adenine-guanine expansion and age at study entry are predictive of the timing of motor diagnosis. The goal of this study was to assess whether additional motor, imaging, cognitive, functional, psychiatric, and demographic variables measured at study entry increased the ability to predict the risk of motor diagnosis over 12 years. Methods: One thousand seventy-eight Huntington's disease gene-expanded carriers (64% female) from the Neurobiological Predictors of Huntington's Disease study were followed up for up to 12 y (mean=5, standard deviation=3.3) covering 2002 to 2014. No one had a motor diagnosis at study entry, but 225 (21%) carriers prospectively received a motor diagnosis. Analysis was performed with random survival forests, which is a machine learning method for right-censored data. Results: Adding 34 variables along with cytosine-adenine-guanine and age substantially increased predictive accuracy relative to cytosine-adenine-guanine and age alone. Adding six of the common motor and cognitive variables (total motor score, diagnostic confidence level, Symbol Digit Modalities Test, three Stroop tests) resulted in lower predictive accuracy than the full set, but still had twice the 5-y predictive accuracy than when using cytosine-adenine-guanine and age alone. Additional analysis suggested interactions and nonlinear effects that were characterized in a post hoc Cox regression model. Conclusions: Measurement of clinical variables can substantially increase the accuracy of predicting motor diagnosis over and above cytosine-adenine-guanine and age (and their interaction). Estimated probabilities can be used to characterize progression level and aid in future studies' sample selection.

Published
2015

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