24 results on '"Pierson, Don C."'
Search Results
2. Phenological shifts in lake stratification under climate change
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Woolway, R Iestyn, Sharma, Sapna, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A, Debolskiy, Andrey, Golub, Malgorzata, Mercado-Bettín, Daniel, Perroud, Marjorie, Stepanenko, Victor, Tan, Zeli, Grant, Luke, Ladwig, Robert, Mesman, Jorrit, Moore, Tadhg N, Shatwell, Tom, Vanderkelen, Inne, Austin, Jay A, DeGasperi, Curtis L, Dokulil, Martin, La Fuente, Sofia, Mackay, Eleanor B, Schladow, S Geoffrey, Watanabe, Shohei, Marcé, Rafael, Pierson, Don C, Thiery, Wim, and Jennings, Eleanor
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Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation ,Biological Sciences ,Environmental Sciences ,Climate Action - Abstract
One of the most important physical characteristics driving lifecycle events in lakes is stratification. Already subtle variations in the timing of stratification onset and break-up (phenology) are known to have major ecological effects, mainly by determining the availability of light, nutrients, carbon and oxygen to organisms. Despite its ecological importance, historic and future global changes in stratification phenology are unknown. Here, we used a lake-climate model ensemble and long-term observational data, to investigate changes in lake stratification phenology across the Northern Hemisphere from 1901 to 2099. Under the high-greenhouse-gas-emission scenario, stratification will begin 22.0 ± 7.0 days earlier and end 11.3 ± 4.7 days later by the end of this century. It is very likely that this 33.3 ± 11.7 day prolongation in stratification will accelerate lake deoxygenation with subsequent effects on nutrient mineralization and phosphorus release from lake sediments. Further misalignment of lifecycle events, with possible irreversible changes for lake ecosystems, is also likely.
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- 2021
3. Global data set of long-term summertime vertical temperature profiles in 153 lakes
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Pilla, Rachel M, Mette, Elizabeth M, Williamson, Craig E, Adamovich, Boris V, Adrian, Rita, Anneville, Orlane, Balseiro, Esteban, Ban, Syuhei, Chandra, Sudeep, Colom-Montero, William, Devlin, Shawn P, Dix, Margaret A, Dokulil, Martin T, Feldsine, Natalie A, Feuchtmayr, Heidrun, Fogarty, Natalie K, Gaiser, Evelyn E, Girdner, Scott F, González, María J, Hambright, K David, Hamilton, David P, Havens, Karl, Hessen, Dag O, Hetzenauer, Harald, Higgins, Scott N, Huttula, Timo H, Huuskonen, Hannu, Isles, Peter DF, Joehnk, Klaus D, Keller, Wendel Bill, Klug, Jen, Knoll, Lesley B, Korhonen, Johanna, Korovchinsky, Nikolai M, Köster, Oliver, Kraemer, Benjamin M, Leavitt, Peter R, Leoni, Barbara, Lepori, Fabio, Lepskaya, Ekaterina V, Lottig, Noah R, Luger, Martin S, Maberly, Stephen C, MacIntyre, Sally, McBride, Chris, McIntyre, Peter, Melles, Stephanie J, Modenutti, Beatriz, Müller-Navarra, Dörthe C, Pacholski, Laura, Paterson, Andrew M, Pierson, Don C, Pislegina, Helen V, Plisnier, Pierre-Denis, Richardson, David C, Rimmer, Alon, Rogora, Michela, Rogozin, Denis Y, Rusak, James A, Rusanovskaya, Olga O, Sadro, Steve, Salmaso, Nico, Saros, Jasmine E, Sarvala, Jouko, Saulnier-Talbot, Émilie, Schindler, Daniel E, Shimaraeva, Svetlana V, Silow, Eugene A, Sitoki, Lewis M, Sommaruga, Ruben, Straile, Dietmar, Strock, Kristin E, Swain, Hilary, Tallant, Jason M, Thiery, Wim, Timofeyev, Maxim A, Tolomeev, Alexander P, Tominaga, Koji, Vanni, Michael J, Verburg, Piet, Vinebrooke, Rolf D, Wanzenböck, Josef, Weathers, Kathleen, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A, Zadereev, Egor S, and Zhukova, Tatyana V
- Abstract
Climate change and other anthropogenic stressors have led to long-term changes in the thermal structure, including surface temperatures, deepwater temperatures, and vertical thermal gradients, in many lakes around the world. Though many studies highlight warming of surface water temperatures in lakes worldwide, less is known about long-term trends in full vertical thermal structure and deepwater temperatures, which have been changing less consistently in both direction and magnitude. Here, we present a globally-expansive data set of summertime in-situ vertical temperature profiles from 153 lakes, with one time series beginning as early as 1894. We also compiled lake geographic, morphometric, and water quality variables that can influence vertical thermal structure through a variety of potential mechanisms in these lakes. These long-term time series of vertical temperature profiles and corresponding lake characteristics serve as valuable data to help understand changes and drivers of lake thermal structure in a time of rapid global and ecological change.
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- 2021
4. Deeper waters are changing less consistently than surface waters in a global analysis of 102 lakes
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Pilla, Rachel M, Williamson, Craig E, Adamovich, Boris V, Adrian, Rita, Anneville, Orlane, Chandra, Sudeep, Colom-Montero, William, Devlin, Shawn P, Dix, Margaret A, Dokulil, Martin T, Gaiser, Evelyn E, Girdner, Scott F, Hambright, K David, Hamilton, David P, Havens, Karl, Hessen, Dag O, Higgins, Scott N, Huttula, Timo H, Huuskonen, Hannu, Isles, Peter DF, Joehnk, Klaus D, Jones, Ian D, Keller, Wendel Bill, Knoll, Lesley B, Korhonen, Johanna, Kraemer, Benjamin M, Leavitt, Peter R, Lepori, Fabio, Luger, Martin S, Maberly, Stephen C, Melack, John M, Melles, Stephanie J, Müller-Navarra, Dörthe C, Pierson, Don C, Pislegina, Helen V, Plisnier, Pierre-Denis, Richardson, David C, Rimmer, Alon, Rogora, Michela, Rusak, James A, Sadro, Steven, Salmaso, Nico, Saros, Jasmine E, Saulnier-Talbot, Émilie, Schindler, Daniel E, Schmid, Martin, Shimaraeva, Svetlana V, Silow, Eugene A, Sitoki, Lewis M, Sommaruga, Ruben, Straile, Dietmar, Strock, Kristin E, Thiery, Wim, Timofeyev, Maxim A, Verburg, Piet, Vinebrooke, Rolf D, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A, and Zadereev, Egor
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Globally, lake surface water temperatures have warmed rapidly relative to air temperatures, but changes in deepwater temperatures and vertical thermal structure are still largely unknown. We have compiled the most comprehensive data set to date of long-term (1970-2009) summertime vertical temperature profiles in lakes across the world to examine trends and drivers of whole-lake vertical thermal structure. We found significant increases in surface water temperatures across lakes at an average rate of + 0.37 °C decade-1, comparable to changes reported previously for other lakes, and similarly consistent trends of increasing water column stability (+ 0.08 kg m-3 decade-1). In contrast, however, deepwater temperature trends showed little change on average (+ 0.06 °C decade-1), but had high variability across lakes, with trends in individual lakes ranging from - 0.68 °C decade-1 to + 0.65 °C decade-1. The variability in deepwater temperature trends was not explained by trends in either surface water temperatures or thermal stability within lakes, and only 8.4% was explained by lake thermal region or local lake characteristics in a random forest analysis. These findings suggest that external drivers beyond our tested lake characteristics are important in explaining long-term trends in thermal structure, such as local to regional climate patterns or additional external anthropogenic influences.
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- 2020
5. Citizen science shows systematic changes in the temperature difference between air and inland waters with global warming
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Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A, Mackay, Murray, Stockwell, Jason D, Thiery, Wim, Grossart, Hans-Peter, Augusto-Silva, Pétala B, Baulch, Helen M, de Eyto, Elvira, Hejzlar, Josef, Kangur, Külli, Kirillin, Georgiy, Pierson, Don C, Rusak, James A, Sadro, Steven, and Woolway, R Iestyn
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Earth Sciences ,Atmospheric Sciences ,Climate Action - Abstract
Citizen science projects have a long history in ecological studies. The research usefulness of such projects is dependent on applying simple and standardized methods. Here, we conducted a citizen science project that involved more than 3500 Swedish high school students to examine the temperature difference between surface water and the overlying air (Tw-Ta) as a proxy for sensible heat flux (QH). If QH is directed upward, corresponding to positive Tw-Ta, it can enhance CO2 and CH4 emissions from inland waters, thereby contributing to increased greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere. The students found mostly negative Tw-Ta across small ponds, lakes, streams/rivers and the sea shore (i.e. downward QH), with Tw-Ta becoming increasingly negative with increasing Ta. Further examination of Tw-Ta using high-frequency temperature data from inland waters across the globe confirmed that Tw-Ta is linearly related to Ta. Using the longest available high-frequency temperature time series from Lake Erken, Sweden, we found a rapid increase in the occasions of negative Tw-Ta with increasing annual mean Ta since 1989. From these results, we can expect that ongoing and projected global warming will result in increasingly negative Tw-Ta, thereby reducing CO2 and CH4 transfer velocities from inland waters into the atmosphere.
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- 2017
6. Lake heatwaves under climate change
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Woolway, R. Iestyn, Jennings, Eleanor, Shatwell, Tom, Golub, Malgorzata, Pierson, Don C., and Maberly, Stephen C.
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Extreme weather -- Forecasts and trends ,Hot weather -- Forecasts and trends -- Observations -- Models ,Global warming -- Environmental aspects ,Lakes -- Thermal properties -- Observations -- Models ,Market trend/market analysis ,Environmental issues ,Science and technology ,Zoology and wildlife conservation - Abstract
Lake ecosystems, and the organisms that live within them, are vulnerable to temperature change.sup.1-5, including the increased occurrence of thermal extremes.sup.6. However, very little is known about lake heatwaves--periods of extreme warm lake surface water temperature--and how they may change under global warming. Here we use satellite observations and a numerical model to investigate changes in lake heatwaves for hundreds of lakes worldwide from 1901 to 2099. We show that lake heatwaves will become hotter and longer by the end of the twenty-first century. For the high-greenhouse-gas-emission scenario (Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 8.5), the average intensity of lake heatwaves, defined relative to the historical period (1970 to 1999), will increase from 3.7 [plus or minus] 0.1 to 5.4 [plus or minus] 0.8 degrees Celsius and their average duration will increase dramatically from 7.7 [plus or minus] 0.4 to 95.5 [plus or minus] 35.3 days. In the low-greenhouse-gas-emission RCP 2.6 scenario, heatwave intensity and duration will increase to 4.0 [plus or minus] 0.2 degrees Celsius and 27.0 [plus or minus] 7.6 days, respectively. Surface heatwaves are longer-lasting but less intense in deeper lakes (up to 60 metres deep) than in shallower lakes during both historic and future periods. As lakes warm during the twenty-first century.sup.7,8, their heatwaves will begin to extend across multiple seasons, with some lakes reaching a permanent heatwave state. Lake heatwaves are likely to exacerbate the adverse effects of long-term warming in lakes and exert widespread influence on their physical structure and chemical properties. Lake heatwaves could alter species composition by pushing aquatic species and ecosystems to the limits of their resilience. This in turn could threaten lake biodiversity.sup.9 and the key ecological and economic benefits that lakes provide to society. Modelling and remote sensing show that by the end of the twenty-first century, lake heatwaves will be several degrees Celsius warmer and some will be months longer, with potentially major adverse consequences for lake ecosystems., Author(s): R. Iestyn Woolway [sup.1] [sup.2] , Eleanor Jennings [sup.1] , Tom Shatwell [sup.3] , Malgorzata Golub [sup.4] , Don C. Pierson [sup.4] , Stephen C. Maberly [sup.5] Author Affiliations: [...]
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- 2021
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7. Timing of spring events changes under modelled future climate scenarios in a mesotrophic lake.
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Mesman, Jorrit P., Jiménez-Navarro, Inmaculada C., Ayala, Ana I., Senent-Aparicio, Javier, Trolle, Dennis, and Pierson, Don C.
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GLOBAL warming ,CLIMATE extremes ,CLIMATE change ,LAKES ,LAKE ecology ,BIOGEOCHEMISTRY - Abstract
Lakes experience shifts in the timing of physical and biogeochemical events as a result of climate warming, and relative changes in the timing of events may have important ecological consequences. Spring, in particular, is a period in which many key processes that regulate the ecology and biogeochemistry of lakes occur and also a time that may experience significant changes under the influence of global warming. In this study, we used a coupled catchment–lake model forced by future climate projections to evaluate changes in the timing of spring discharge, ice-off, the spring phytoplankton peak, and the onset of stratification in a temperate mesotrophic lake. Although the model explained only part of the variation in these events, the overall patterns were simulated with little bias. All four events showed a clear trend towards earlier occurrence under climate warming, with ice cover tending to disappear at the end of the century in the most extreme climate scenario. Moreover, relative shifts in the timing of these springtime events also occurred, with the onset of stratification tending to advance more slowly than the other events and the spring phytoplankton peak and ice-off advancing faster in the most extreme climate scenario. The outcomes of this study stress the impact of climate change on the phenology of events in lakes and especially the relative shifts in timing during spring. This can have profound effects on food web dynamics as well as other regulatory processes and influence the lake for the remainder of the growing season. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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8. Drivers of phytoplankton responses to summer wind events in a stratified lake: A modeling study
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Mesman, Jorrit P., Ayala, Ana I., Goyette, Stéphane, Kasparian, Jérôme, Marcé, Rafael, Markensten, Hampus, Stelzer, Julio A.A., Thayne, Michael W., Thomas, Mridul K., Pierson, Don C., and Ibelings, Bas W.
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Storms ,Nutrient entrainment ,ddc:500.2 ,Oceanography, Hydrology, Water Resources ,Aquatic Science ,Oceanography ,Modelling ,Mixing ,Extreme winds ,ddc:550 ,Climate change ,ddc:333.7-333.9 ,Phytoplancton ,integumentary system ,fungi ,500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften ,Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften ,Biologie ,Extreme events ,Miljövetenskap ,Phytoplankton ,Lake model ,Stratification ,extreme wind events ,Environmental Sciences ,lake phytoplankton ,internal nutrient loading - Abstract
Extreme wind events affect lake phytoplankton amongst others by deepening the mixed layer and increasing internal nutrient loading. Both increases and decreases of phytoplankton biomass after storms have been observed, but the precise mechanisms driving these responses remain poorly understood or quantified. In this study, we coupled a one-dimensional physical model to a biogeochemical model to investigate the factors regulating short-term phytoplankton responses to summer storms, now and under expected warmer future conditions. We simulated physical, chemical and biological dynamics in Lake Erken, Sweden, and found that wind storms could increase or decrease the phytoplankton concentration one week after the storm, depending on antecedent lake physical and chemical conditions. Storms had little effect on phytoplankton biomass if the mixed layer was deep prior to storm exposure. Higher incoming shortwave radiation and hypolimnetic nutrient concentration boosted growth, whereas higher surface water temperatures decreased phytoplankton concentration after storms. Medium-intensity wind speeds resulted in more phytoplankton biomass after storms than high-intensity wind. Simulations under a future climate scenario did not show marked differences in the way wind affects phytoplankton growth following storms. Our study shows that storm impacts on lake phytoplankton are complex and likely to vary as a function of local environmental conditions. Title in thesis list of papers:Drivers of phytoplankton responses to summer storms in a stratified lake: a modelling study
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- 2022
9. Phytoplankton gross primary production increases along cascading impoundments in a temperate, low-discharge river: Insights from high frequency water quality monitoring
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Engel, Fabian, Attermeyer, Katrin, Ayala, Ana I., Fischer, Helmut, Kirchesch, Volker, Pierson, Don C., and Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A.
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- 2019
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10. Global increase in methane production under future warming of lake bottom waters
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Jansen, Joachim, Woolway, Richard Iestyn, Kraemer, Benjamin M., Albergel, Clément, Bastviken, David, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Marcé, Rafael, Sharma, Sapna, Sobek, Sebastian, Tranvik, Lars J., Perroud, Marjorie, Golub, Malgorzata, Moore, Tadhg N., Råman Vinnå, Love, La Fuente, Sofia, Grant, Luke, Pierson, Don C., Thiery, Wim, Jennings, Eleanor, Hydrology and Hydraulic Engineering, and Faculty of Engineering
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Climate Research ,Climate Change ,Biodiversity & Conservation ,NORTHERN LAKES ,Environmental Sciences & Ecology ,SEDIMENT CHARACTERISTICS ,aquatic ,climate change ,greenhouse gases ,limnology ,methane ,temperature ,tropics ,Global Warming ,Klimatforskning ,Environmental Chemistry ,CH4 EMISSIONS ,General Environmental Science ,Global and Planetary Change ,Science & Technology ,CLIMATE-CHANGE ,CONSEQUENCES ,Ecology ,Atmosphere ,Temperature ,CONSUMPTION ,PROFILES ,EBULLITION ,Miljövetenskap ,Lakes ,ARCTIC LAKES ,TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE ,Biodiversity Conservation ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,Methane ,Environmental Sciences - Abstract
Lakes are significant emitters of methane to the atmosphere, and thus are important components of the global methane budget. Methane is typically produced in lake sediments, with the rate of methane production being strongly temperature dependent. Local and regional studies highlight the risk of increasing methane production under future climate change, but a global estimate is not currently available. Here, we project changes in global lake bottom temperatures and sediment methane production rates from 1901 to 2099. By the end of the 21st century, lake bottom temperatures are projected to increase globally, by an average of 0.86-2.60 degrees C under Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) 2.6-8.5, with greater warming projected at lower latitudes. This future warming of bottom waters will likely result in an increase in methane production rates of 13%-40% by the end of the century, with many low-latitude lakes experiencing an increase of up to 17 times the historical (1970-1999) global average under RCP 8.5. The projected increase in methane production will likely lead to higher emissions from lakes, although the exact magnitude of the emission increase requires more detailed regional studies. Funding Agencies|Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [AD 91/22-1]; European Regional Development Fund [FEDER--MCIU-AEI/CGL2017-86788-C3-2-P]; FP7 Ideas: European Research Council [336642]; H2020 European Research Council [725546]; Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse [KAW 2018-0191]; Natural Environment Research Council
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- 2022
11. A Technique to Assess the Harmful Effects of Sampling and Containment for Determination of Primary Production
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Cullen, John J., Zhu, Mingyuan, and Pierson, Don C.
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- 1986
12. The extent and variability of storm-induced temperature changes in lakes measured with long-term and high-frequency data
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Doubek, Jonathan P., Anneville, Orlane, Dur, Gael, Lewandowska, Aleksandra M., Patil, Vijay P., Rusak, James A., Salmaso, Nico, Seltmann, Christian Torsten, Straile, Dietmar, Urrutia-Cordero, Pablo, Venail, Patrick, Adrian, Rita, Alfonso, Maria B., DeGasperi, Curtis L., de Eyto, Elvira, Feuchtmayr, Heidrun, Gaiser, Evelyn E., Girdner, Scott F., Graham, Jennifer L., Grossart, Hans-Peter, Hejzlar, Josef, Jacquet, Stephan, Kirillin, Georgiy, Llames, Maria E., Matsuzaki, Shin-Ichiro S., Nodine, Emily R., Piccolo, Maria Cintia, Pierson, Don C., Rimmer, Alon, Rudstam, Lars G., Sadro, Steven, Swain, Hilary M., Thackeray, Stephen J., Thiery, Wim, Verburg, Piet, Zohary, Tamar, Stockwell, Jason D., Hydrology and Hydraulic Engineering, Marine Ecosystems Research Group, Tvärminne Zoological Station, Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, and Biological stations
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Lakes ,Science & Technology ,Settore BIO/07 - ECOLOGIA ,1181 Ecology, evolutionary biology ,Physical Sciences ,Limnology ,Climate change ,Marine & Freshwater Biology ,Oceanography ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Abstract
The intensity and frequency of storms are projected to increase in many regions of the world because of climate change. Storms can alter environmental conditions in many ecosystems. In lakes and reservoirs, storms can reduce epilimnetic temperatures from wind-induced mixing with colder hypolimnetic waters, direct precipitation to the lake's surface, and watershed runoff. We analyzed 18 long-term and high-frequency lake datasets from 11 countries to assess the magnitude of wind- vs. rainstorm-induced changes in epilimnetic temperature. We found small day-to-day epilimnetic temperature decreases in response to strong wind and heavy rain during stratified conditions. Day-to-day epilimnetic temperature decreased, on average, by 0.28°C during the strongest windstorms (storm mean daily wind speed among lakes: 6.7 ± 2.7 m s −1, 1 SD) and by 0.15°C after the heaviest rainstorms (storm mean daily rainfall: 21.3 ± 9.0 mm). The largest decreases in epilimnetic temperature were observed ≥2 d after sustainedstrong wind or heavy rain (top 5 th percentile of wind and rain events for each lake) in shallow and medium-depth lakes. The smallest decreases occurred in deep lakes. Epilimnetic temperature change from windstorms, but not rainstorms, was negatively correlated with maximum lake depth. However, even the largest storm-induced mean epilimnetic temperature decreases were typically
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- 2021
13. The extent and variability of storm‐induced temperature changes in lakes measured with long‐term and high‐frequency data
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Doubek, Jonathan P., primary, Anneville, Orlane, additional, Dur, Gaël, additional, Lewandowska, Aleksandra M., additional, Patil, Vijay P., additional, Rusak, James A., additional, Salmaso, Nico, additional, Seltmann, Christian Torsten, additional, Straile, Dietmar, additional, Urrutia‐Cordero, Pablo, additional, Venail, Patrick, additional, Adrian, Rita, additional, Alfonso, María B., additional, DeGasperi, Curtis L., additional, de Eyto, Elvira, additional, Feuchtmayr, Heidrun, additional, Gaiser, Evelyn E., additional, Girdner, Scott F., additional, Graham, Jennifer L., additional, Grossart, Hans‐Peter, additional, Hejzlar, Josef, additional, Jacquet, Stéphan, additional, Kirillin, Georgiy, additional, Llames, María E., additional, Matsuzaki, Shin‐Ichiro S., additional, Nodine, Emily R., additional, Piccolo, Maria Cintia, additional, Pierson, Don C., additional, Rimmer, Alon, additional, Rudstam, Lars G., additional, Sadro, Steven, additional, Swain, Hilary M., additional, Thackeray, Stephen J., additional, Thiery, Wim, additional, Verburg, Piet, additional, Zohary, Tamar, additional, and Stockwell, Jason D., additional
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- 2021
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14. A New Thermal Categorization of Ice‐Covered Lakes
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Yang, Bernard, primary, Wells, Mathew G., additional, McMeans, Bailey C., additional, Dugan, Hilary A., additional, Rusak, James A., additional, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., additional, Brentrup, Jennifer A., additional, Hrycik, Allison R., additional, Laas, Alo, additional, Pilla, Rachel M., additional, Austin, Jay A., additional, Blanchfield, Paul J., additional, Carey, Cayelan C., additional, Guzzo, Matthew M., additional, Lottig, Noah R., additional, MacKay, Murray D., additional, Middel, Trevor A., additional, Pierson, Don C., additional, Wang, Junbo, additional, and Young, Joelle D., additional
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- 2021
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15. Historical modelling of changes in Lake Erken thermal conditions
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Moras, Simone, primary, Ayala, Ana I., additional, and Pierson, Don C., additional
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- 2019
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16. Supplementary material to "Simulations of future changes in thermal structure of Lake Erken: Proof of concept for ISIMIP2b lake sector local simulation strategy"
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Ayala, Ana I., primary, Moras, Simone, additional, and Pierson, Don C., additional
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- 2019
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17. Simulations of future changes in thermal structure of Lake Erken: Proof of concept for ISIMIP2b lake sector local simulation strategy
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Ayala, Ana I., primary, Moras, Simone, additional, and Pierson, Don C., additional
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- 2019
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18. Supplementary material to "Historical modelling of changes in Lake Erken thermal conditions"
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Moras, Simone, primary, Ayala, Ana I., additional, and Pierson, Don C., additional
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- 2019
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19. Citizen Science show systematic changes in the temperature difference between air and inland waters with global warming, Scientific reports
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Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Mackay, Murray, Stockwell, Jason D., Thiery, Wim, Grossart, Hans-Peter, Augusto-Silva, Pétala B., Baulch, Helen M., de Eyto, Elvira, Hejzlar, Josef, Kangur, Külli, Kirillin, Georgiy, Pierson, Don C., Rusak, James A., Sadro, Steven, Woolway, R. Iestyn, and Hydrology and Hydraulic Engineering
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general - Abstract
Citizen science projects have a long history in ecological studies. The research usefulness of such projects is dependent on applying simple and standardized methods. Here, we conducted a citizen science project that involved more than 3500 Swedish high school students to examine the temperature difference between surface water and the overlying air (Tw-Ta) as a proxy for sensible heat flux (QH). If QH is directed upward, corresponding to positive Tw-Ta, it can enhance CO2 and CH4 emissions from inland waters, thereby contributing to increased greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere. The students found mostly negative Tw-Ta across small ponds, lakes, streams/rivers and the sea shore (i.e. downward QH), with Tw-Ta becoming increasingly negative with increasing Ta. Further examination of Tw-Ta using high-frequency temperature data from inland waters across the globe confirmed that Tw-Ta is linearly related to Ta. Using the longest available high-frequency temperature time series from Lake Erken, Sweden, we found a rapid increase in the occasions of negative Tw-Ta with increasing annual mean Ta since 1989. From these results, we can expect that ongoing and projected global warming will result in increasingly negative Tw-Ta, thereby reducing CO2 and CH4 transfer velocities from inland waters into the atmosphere.
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- 2017
20. Ecology under lake ice
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Hampton, Stephanie E., Galloway, Aaron W. E., Powers, Stephen M., Ozersky, Ted, Woo, Kara H., Batt, Ryan D., Labou, Stephanie G., O'Reilly, Catherine M., Sharma, Sapna, Lottig, Noah R., Stanley, Emily H., North, Rebecca L., Stockwell, Jason D., Adrian, Rita, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., Arvola, Lauri, Baulch, Helen M., Bertani, Isabella, Bowman, Larry L., Jr., Carey, Cayelan C., Catalan, Jordi, Colom-Montero, William, Domine, Leah M., Felip, Marisol, Granados, Ignacio, Gries, Corinna, Grossart, Hans-Peter, Haberman, Juta, Haldna, Marina, Hayden, Brian, Higgins, Scott N., Jolley, Jeff C., Kahilainen, Kimmo K., Kaup, Enn, Kehoe, Michael J., MacIntyre, Sally, Mackay, Anson W., Mariash, Heather L., Mckay, Robert M., Nixdorf, Brigitte, Noges, Peeter, Noges, Tiina, Palmer, Michelle, Pierson, Don C., Post, David M., Pruett, Matthew J., Rautio, Milla, Read, Jordan S., Roberts, Sarah L., Ruecker, Jacqueline, Sadro, Steven, Silow, Eugene A., Smith, Derek E., Sterner, Robert W., Swann, George E. A., Timofeyev, Maxim A., Toro, Manuel, Twiss, Michael R., Vogt, Richard J., Watson, Susan B., Whiteford, Erika J., Xenopoulos, Marguerite A., Coastal dynamics, Fluvial systems and Global change, Palaeo-ecologie, Biological Sciences, Lammi Biological Station, Environmental Sciences, Coastal dynamics, Fluvial systems and Global change, and Palaeo-ecologie
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,data synthesis ,Limnology ,AULACOSEIRA-BAICALENSIS ,Aquatic ecosystem ,01 natural sciences ,Zooplankton ,Phytoplankton ,Temperate climate ,Ecosystem ,Ice Cover ,freshwater ,lake ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Abiotic component ,Ekologi ,long-term ,CLIMATE-CHANGE ,SEASONAL SUCCESSION ,Ecology ,010604 marine biology & hydrobiology ,limnology ,plankton ,NORTH-ATLANTIC OSCILLATION ,UNDER-ICE ,Plankton ,seasonal ,Snow ,WINTER LIMNOLOGY ,PLANKTON SUCCESSION ,Lakes ,13. Climate action ,FRESH-WATER LAKES ,COVERED LAKES ,1181 Ecology, evolutionary biology ,Environmental science ,Seasons ,long‐term ,time series ,500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften ,Biologie::577 Ökologie ,COMMUNITY STRUCTURE ,winter ecology - Abstract
Winter conditions are rapidly changing in temperate ecosystems, particularly for those that experience periods of snow and ice cover. Relatively little is known of winter ecology in these systems, due to a historical research focus on summer 'growing seasons'. We executed the first global quantitative synthesis on under-ice lake ecology, including 36 abiotic and biotic variables from 42 research groups and 101 lakes, examining seasonal differences and connections as well as how seasonal differences vary with geophysical factors. Plankton were more abundant under ice than expected; mean winter values were 43.2% of summer values for chlorophyll a, 15.8% of summer phytoplankton biovolume and 25.3% of summer zooplankton density. Dissolved nitrogen concentrations were typically higher during winter, and these differences were exaggerated in smaller lakes. Lake size also influenced winter-summer patterns for dissolved organic carbon (DOC), with higher winter DOC in smaller lakes. At coarse levels of taxonomic aggregation, phytoplankton and zooplankton community composition showed few systematic differences between seasons, although literature suggests that seasonal differences are frequently lake-specific, species-specific, or occur at the level of functional group. Within the subset of lakes that had longer time series, winter influenced the subsequent summer for some nutrient variables and zooplankton biomass. National Science Foundation (NSF DEB) [1431428, 1136637]; Washington State University; Russian Science Foundation [14-14-00400]; Ministry of education and science of Russia Gos-Zasanie project [1354-2014/51]; Natural Environment Research Council [NE/J00829X/1, 1230750, NE/G019622/1, NE/J010227/1] Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation (NSF DEB #1431428; NSF DEB #1136637) and Washington State University. M. Timofeyev and E. Silow were partially supported by Russian Science Foundation project No 14-14-00400 and Ministry of education and science of Russia Gos-Zasanie project No 1354-2014/51. We are grateful to Marianne Moore, Deniz Ozkundakci, Chris Polashenski and Paula Kankaala for discussions that greatly improved this work. We also gratefully acknowledge the following individuals for contributing to this project: John Anderson, Jill Baron, Rick Bourbonniere, Sandra Brovold, Lluis Camarero, Sudeep Chandra, Jim Cotner, Laura Forsstom, Guillaume Grosbois, Chris Harrod, Klaus D. Joehnk, T.Y. Kim, Daniel Langenhaun, Reet Laugaste, Suzanne McGowan, Virginia Panizzo, Giampaolo Rossetti, R.E.H. Smith, Sarah Spaulding, Helen Tammert, Steve Thackeray, Kyle Zimmer, Priit Zingel and two anonymous reviewers. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
- Published
- 2017
21. Ecology under lake ice
- Author
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Hampton, Stephanie E., primary, Galloway, Aaron W. E., additional, Powers, Stephen M., additional, Ozersky, Ted, additional, Woo, Kara H., additional, Batt, Ryan D., additional, Labou, Stephanie G., additional, O'Reilly, Catherine M., additional, Sharma, Sapna, additional, Lottig, Noah R., additional, Stanley, Emily H., additional, North, Rebecca L., additional, Stockwell, Jason D., additional, Adrian, Rita, additional, Weyhenmeyer, Gesa A., additional, Arvola, Lauri, additional, Baulch, Helen M., additional, Bertani, Isabella, additional, Bowman, Larry L., additional, Carey, Cayelan C., additional, Catalan, Jordi, additional, Colom‐Montero, William, additional, Domine, Leah M., additional, Felip, Marisol, additional, Granados, Ignacio, additional, Gries, Corinna, additional, Grossart, Hans‐Peter, additional, Haberman, Juta, additional, Haldna, Marina, additional, Hayden, Brian, additional, Higgins, Scott N., additional, Jolley, Jeff C., additional, Kahilainen, Kimmo K., additional, Kaup, Enn, additional, Kehoe, Michael J., additional, MacIntyre, Sally, additional, Mackay, Anson W., additional, Mariash, Heather L., additional, McKay, Robert M., additional, Nixdorf, Brigitte, additional, Nõges, Peeter, additional, Nõges, Tiina, additional, Palmer, Michelle, additional, Pierson, Don C., additional, Post, David M., additional, Pruett, Matthew J., additional, Rautio, Milla, additional, Read, Jordan S., additional, Roberts, Sarah L., additional, Rücker, Jacqueline, additional, Sadro, Steven, additional, Silow, Eugene A., additional, Smith, Derek E., additional, Sterner, Robert W., additional, Swann, George E. A., additional, Timofeyev, Maxim A., additional, Toro, Manuel, additional, Twiss, Michael R., additional, Vogt, Richard J., additional, Watson, Susan B., additional, Whiteford, Erika J., additional, and Xenopoulos, Marguerite A., additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Simulations of future changes in thermal structure of Lake Erken: Proof of concept for ISIMIP2b lake sector local simulation strategy.
- Author
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Ayala, Ana I., Moras, Simone, and Pierson, Don C.
- Abstract
This paper, as a part of Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISIMIP2b), assesses the impacts of different levels of global warming on the thermal structure of Lake Erken (Sweden). The GOTM one-dimensional hydrodynamic model was used to simulate water temperature when using ISIMIP2b bias-corrected climate model projections as input. These projections have a daily time step, while lake model simulations are often forced at hourly or shorter time steps. Therefore, it was necessary to first test the ability of GOTM to simulate Lake Erken water temperature using daily vs hourly meteorological forcing data. In order to do this three data sets were used to force the model: (1) hourly measured data; (2) daily average data derived from the first data set and; (3) synthetic hourly data created from the daily data set using Generalized Regression Artificial Neural Network methods. This last data set is developed using a method that could also be applied to the daily time step ISIMIP scenarios to obtain hourly model input if needed. The lake model was shown to accurately simulate Lake Erken water temperature when forced with either daily or synthetic hourly data. Long-term simulations forced with daily or synthetic hourly meteorological data suggest that by 2099 the lake will undergo clear changes in thermal structure, for RCP 2.6 surface water temperature was projected to increase from 0.87 to 1.48 °C and from 0.69 to 1.20 °C when the lake model was forced at daily and hourly resolutions respectively, and for RCP 6.0 these increases were projected to range from 1.58 to 3.58 °C and from 1.19 to 2.65 °C when the lake model was also forced at daily and hourly resolutions. Changes in lake stability were projected to increase significantly and the stratification duration was projected to be longer by 9 to 16 days and from 7 to 13 days under RCP 2.6 scenario and from 20 to 33 days and from 17 to 27 under RCP 6.0 scenario for daily and hourly resolutions. Model trends were very similar when using either the daily or synthetic hourly forcing, suggesting that the original climate model projections at a daily time step can be sufficient for the purpose of simulating water temperature in the lake sector in ISIMIP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Assessing future effects on lake ecosystem resilience using Data Analysis and Dynamic Modelling
- Author
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Mesman, Jorrit, Ibelings, Bastiaan Willem, Goyette, Stéphane, and Pierson, Don C.
- Subjects
ddc:550 - Abstract
Extreme weather events can have short-term and long-term effects on lake thermal structure, nutrient dynamics, and community composition. Moreover, changes in lake variables induced by global climate change may influence the response and recovery of lake ecosystems to extreme weather events. In this dissertation, several processes and drivers involving the effect of extreme weather events on lake ecology were explored, and tools and validation data were provided to increase the reliability of process-based lake modelling of extreme events. Using a coupled physical-biogeochemical model, complex interactions between storm intensity, thermal structure, and nutrient availability were shown to affect phytoplankton concentration. Moderate wind speeds had increasing effects on phytoplankton compared to high wind speeds, but a sufficiently deep mixed layer reduced the response to wind strongly. This thesis furthers our understanding of the processes involved in extreme events acting on lakes, which is especially relevant in these times of increasing environmental pressures and changing extreme weather patterns.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Ecology under lake ice.
- Author
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Hampton SE, Galloway AW, Powers SM, Ozersky T, Woo KH, Batt RD, Labou SG, O'Reilly CM, Sharma S, Lottig NR, Stanley EH, North RL, Stockwell JD, Adrian R, Weyhenmeyer GA, Arvola L, Baulch HM, Bertani I, Bowman LL Jr, Carey CC, Catalan J, Colom-Montero W, Domine LM, Felip M, Granados I, Gries C, Grossart HP, Haberman J, Haldna M, Hayden B, Higgins SN, Jolley JC, Kahilainen KK, Kaup E, Kehoe MJ, MacIntyre S, Mackay AW, Mariash HL, McKay RM, Nixdorf B, Nõges P, Nõges T, Palmer M, Pierson DC, Post DM, Pruett MJ, Rautio M, Read JS, Roberts SL, Rücker J, Sadro S, Silow EA, Smith DE, Sterner RW, Swann GE, Timofeyev MA, Toro M, Twiss MR, Vogt RJ, Watson SB, Whiteford EJ, and Xenopoulos MA
- Subjects
- Seasons, Ecosystem, Ice Cover, Lakes, Plankton physiology
- Abstract
Winter conditions are rapidly changing in temperate ecosystems, particularly for those that experience periods of snow and ice cover. Relatively little is known of winter ecology in these systems, due to a historical research focus on summer 'growing seasons'. We executed the first global quantitative synthesis on under-ice lake ecology, including 36 abiotic and biotic variables from 42 research groups and 101 lakes, examining seasonal differences and connections as well as how seasonal differences vary with geophysical factors. Plankton were more abundant under ice than expected; mean winter values were 43.2% of summer values for chlorophyll a, 15.8% of summer phytoplankton biovolume and 25.3% of summer zooplankton density. Dissolved nitrogen concentrations were typically higher during winter, and these differences were exaggerated in smaller lakes. Lake size also influenced winter-summer patterns for dissolved organic carbon (DOC), with higher winter DOC in smaller lakes. At coarse levels of taxonomic aggregation, phytoplankton and zooplankton community composition showed few systematic differences between seasons, although literature suggests that seasonal differences are frequently lake-specific, species-specific, or occur at the level of functional group. Within the subset of lakes that had longer time series, winter influenced the subsequent summer for some nutrient variables and zooplankton biomass., (© 2016 The Authors. Ecology Letters published by CNRS and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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