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Theoretical explanations of deviant gangs do not appear adequate to explain middle class delinquency. It is the contention of this paper that for some members of the upper middle class, socially sanctioned means of maintaining their social position are difficult to realize and that these young people organize subcultures which fit the definition of a delinquent gang. The theory is illustrated through and ex post facto application to a middle class gang. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The assumption that black minorities, including Catholics, share in the "subculture of the dominant Negro Protestant majority" Is examined in this paper. Using national sample data, black Catholics and non-Catholics are compared on class variables and, as expected, Catholics are found to be of a higher class. Using data collected in Louisville (with class differences controlled through the method of sampling which depended upon residential proximity of Protestants to Catholics), black Catholics arid Protestants are compared in terms of religious orientations and militancy. Differences are found for the former, but not the latter variables. Implications of the findings are assessed for conversion trends. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the aftermath of the Second Vatican Council, the pastoral role of the Catholic priest has become the focus of rather extensive conflict as various individuals and groups come to hold varying, and often incompatible, expectations of incumbents. Earlier approaches to this sort of role conflict attempted to explain modes of conflict resolution mainly by refers awe to factors located either in the personality or the social system. Such studies have seldom been successfully replicated. In this paper, however, modes of conflict resolution among diocesan clergy are amined from the perspective of reference group theory-particularly in the context of the ongoing relationship between priest and bishop. Findings are reported concerning the rather complex structure of the self other systems of clergymen and how it functions in the resolution of role conflict. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with the relationship between personality and social structure. Dogmatism, as an aspect of personality structure, is hypothesized to be directly related to the depth of three types of involvement in six different institutional religions. Associational and communal involves merit approximate Lenski's concepts while social participation is a somewhat different type of immersion in a religious group. Mixed results are discussed in relation to the characteristics of the area in which the research was conducted and the methodology of the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The names of twelve hundred and twenty-six concepts used in reports of research on human behavior under stress are classified according to whether, on the one hand, they are ethically neutral, or, on the other hand, are negatively or positively value- loaded. The proportion of value- neutral terms used by a researcher is responsive to the theological- philosophical position of his religious group on the possibility and desirability of scientific "ethical neutrality? The greater the social-psychological engagement of the world by the researcher (as measured by a scale of introversion-extroversion), the less likely is he to be ethically neutral. Among professions represented, social scientists are the most ethically neutral, and psychiatrists and psychologists the most likely to use negative value terms. A researcher tends to use negative terms in his research report when he is the dominant partner in the researcher- audience and in the researcher-research subject roles, and to report in positive terms when he is the relatively subordinate role. Some arguments about the possibility and desirability of ethical neutrality in social science are reviewed in the light of the findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents information about developments in field of Anthropological studies. In Annhurst College, Ruth Wallis, professor of sociology was on leave during the present semester to write a monograph for the Anthropology Curriculum Study Project for secondary schools. The invitation to do this writing was extended to Wallis by the American Anthropological Association which has received a grant from the National Science Foundation as part of the Science Course Improvement Projects. Ruth Wallis' monograph which would be published in paperback form would be entitled as "The Dakota: Indians of Woodland and Prairie." Two new courses, Social Psychology and the Sociology of Work and Leisure would be introduced at Annhurst by Cecile Agnes, F.S.E. It informs that Cuthbert K. Allen, Rector President and Vice-Chancellor of Belmont Abbey College and Director of Development was Gaston County's 1963 winner of the Brotherhood Award given by the Gaston Chapter, National Conference of Christians and Jews.

This article presents information on the article "The Sociological Theories of the French Institutionalists," published in the periodical "Thought." Since the middle twenties, there has developed in France an institutional school of social thought, primarily concerned with jurisprudence, specifically with the problem of corporate personality. Most of the Catholic philosophers agree in asserting the reality of the social group as a real union of relation between social agents, while rejecting group mind theories or organismic analogies. Obviously this article is significant for those interested in the history of social thought and sociological theory, and in the special fields of social institutions, social groups, and social relations. It is not always clear, however, whether theorists of this school are dealing with social groups or with "institution-persons."

The hypothesis that radical segregationist sentiment is unevenly distributed within a city is partially confirmed by a study of attitudes in Norfolk, Virginia. Attitude toward school desegregation is found to differ significantly by social area type as defined by the Shevky-Bell scheme. The study also reveals the large size and stability of the moderate group on this issue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses a study that investigated the attitude of Puerto Ricans toward people of color in New York. It has been estimated that, on January 1, 1958, there were 620,000 Puerto Ricans in New York, people either born in Puerto Rico, or born in New York of Puerto Rican parents. The migration of the Puerto Ricans is the first migration that has brought to New York a large number of people who have a tradition of the widespread social intermingling and frequent intermarriage of people of color. Both in the population on the island, and in the Puerto Rican community in New York, racial characteristics range from completely caucasoid to completely negroid, and, apart from small groups of the middle and upper class, any ordinary gathering of Puerto Ricans represents a striking and unmistakable example of the complete acceptance of social intermingling of people of different color and racial characteristics. There is no doubt that this will have an impact on interracial patterns in New York, just as interracial patterns in New York will have an impact on the Puerto Ricans. To conclude, anxiety over color which disturbs many Puerto Ricans on the island becomes more distressing in New York; intermingling is noticeably affected by the characteristic of different neighborhoods; but the evidence is convincing, both in the fact of intermarriage and in the continuance of social intermingling, that the Puerto Rican migration will definitely create a widespread acceptance among New Yorkers of the practice of social intermingling and intermarriage of people of different color and racial characteristics.

Analysis of a 1955 survey of the American white adult population indicates that only fifteen percent have changed their religious membership. The Catholic, Jewish, and Baptist groups are the most stable. The higher-status Presbyterian, Congregational and Episcopalian denominations had the highest proportions of members who had changed their membership. No differences are found between the religious mobiles and non-mobiles in terms of occupation, education, and age. However, the religious mobiles were predominately (65%) females, indicating that most religious mobility involves intermarriage. Mobiles were also found to be slightly more active church-goers than were the non-mobiles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Numerous studies have revealed the pattern of greater interfaith dating by Catholics in comparison to Protestants. This study of a sample of college students focuses upon the effect of several social variables on the interfaith dating of Catholics, and in particular, Catholic females. Interfaith dating of Catholics was found to be related to the percentage of Catholics in the population, a lower social status, and premarital sexually permissive attitudes of both Catholic males and females, not just to Catholic females as was hypothesized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines propaganda by organized economic groups. Propaganda is like the propagation of the faith in that it relies on the suggestion of images to stimulate the rational activity of man. It is similar, too, because it is geared to action, not simple consideration. Propaganda differs, of course, in that it is directed to natural acceptance by the intellect. In acceptance of the faith, the will, impelled by divine grace, compels the intellect to assent. Propaganda employs suggestion and induces sentiment or opinion: education achieves certitude on the basis of natural reason: faith induces certitude on supernatural grounds. By economic groups are meant those interested primarily in the production, distribution, and consumption of economic goods. These groups may be openly economic, as the groups representing business, labor, farm, and consumer interests; or they may be special interest groups with an economic aim. Since even propagandists are often influenced by propaganda, that of others if not their own, the broader field of work is the education of the propagandized. This education would entail, for the adult population, an acquaintance with propagandists and their methods. The ability to recognize propaganda weakens its effectiveness.

The article focuses on the changing role of community in the postwar world. Through the activity of rural workers, however, one shall attempt to repair nutritional damage and to provide food not only for own national needs but for the liberated peoples as well. One shall need to use prudence in the raising of crops, or one shall face exhaustion of the soil as well as erosion. Rural communities will utilize the assistance of federal and county agencies and will participate in activities designed to improve the lot of the rural dweller. These same communities will feel the continued influence of urbanization facilitated by transportation and communication, an influence that tends to break the sharp demarcation between town and country. It may be supposed that since rural residents are not usually members of incorporated governmental units, they will continue their group identity with informal neighborhood areas and that the county will retain its importance.

This article discusses the concept of social group. The two approaches are those deriving human behavior from the inherent nature of the organism and those emphasizing instead the environmental determinants. The value judgments underlying this dichotomy are those affirming the social or the asocial nature of man. The focal question: is the social group a reality or not? To understand group phenomena, the individuals must be examined. Thus, the concept of the group is only a practical and useful device to be used in a complex situation involving the interactions of individuals in the aggregate. Authors Milton W. Horowitz and Howard V. Perlmutter believe that it is somewhat inconsistent for those who bold that the individual cannot be reduced to his part characteristics to hold. At the same time, that group psychology should of necessity be reduced to individual psychology. For, since the authors evidence concern over terminology, one might suggest that the term ontological accident would have helped clarify the nature of the reality of the social group.