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This paper describes the solution of a multi-index transportation problem where there are three indices The method of solution is an extension of the modi-method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents comments and discussion on an article by Saul Hymans on composite leading indicators. Discussion of various parts of the paper; Criticism.

Presents a paper on capacity in manufacturing and the need for accuracy since it is used to formulate many other forecasts. Series of indexes on operating rates of manufacturers; Recent developments on measuring operating rates; Belief that operating rates promise significant clues to the most important stabilization questions of the day; Suggestion of alternate measures of capacity; Comment on the McGraw-Hill surveys; thoughts on the Federal Reserve Board index; Comments on the Wharton Index; Listing of characteristics of the measure included cyclical bias and growth in capacity; Recent hazards for estimating capacity; Disaggregating measure of capacity; Predicting capacity growth and investment; Prediction of price changes; Operating rate levels; The inflation on 1973 and its role in determining performance; Conclusions.

Presents an index of various literature on rural sociology.

Presents a paper that attempts to provide a fairly complete analysis of the performance of the existing composite index of leading indicators as a predictor of the major swings in economic activity in the period since the Second World War. Identification of the twelve variables that form the composite index of leading indicators (CLI) and presents a view of the rationale for constructing the CLI; Indication of how spectral analysis might be used to form a new leading indicator that overcomes some of the difficulties revealed in the current CLI, and the evaluation of two variants of such an indicator; Conclusions and suggestions for further work.

The present paper is an attempt to evaluate the registered data on Canadian Indians collected by the Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development and to prepare vital rates for 1960-1970 using the adjusted data. A cursory examination of registered data for the purpose of developing various demographic indices and for making future estimates of population indicates certain anomalies that call for a careful appraisal of the data. The main problem is the inconsistency in the reporting of births, due largely to the late registration of births. One plausible reason for late registration may be the increased outward movement of Indians from their reserves. Indirect methods are used to adjust the number of births and infant deaths reported annually since 1960. On the basis of the adjusted data, vital rates for the Canadian Indians are calculated for the period 1960-1970. The crude death rate decreased from 10.9 in 1960 to 7.5 in 1970. The infant mortality rate registered a drastic decline, from 81.5 deaths per 1,000 births in 1960 to 34.9 in 1970. During this same time period the birth rate also declined, from 46.5 to 37.2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, which is the first step in our efforts to produce an objective standard for use in measuring the investment performance of any portfolio of securities over some period of time, we introduce the average investment performance index (AIPI). The AIPI measures the average return which could have been realized during a particular time period from some specified universe of securities. Our reasons for constructing the AIPI are presented in Section I, where we also formally define the AIPI and discuss the random portfolios which conceptually underlie it. Section II is a mathematical development of the AIPI's properties. We find that the AIPI is equivalent to an unweighted arithmetic average of all actual returns in the given universe of securities, we show how to compute the variance of returns from all possible random portfolios, and we develop a method for linking the values of the AIPI across successive time periods. The use of the AIPI and the variance of random portfolio returns for rating the investment results achieved by portfolio managers is discussed and illustrated in Section III. We feel that the objective evaluations which are the basis of our illustrations should allow the reader to assess the applicability and implications of using the AIPI as a measure of investment performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a discussion on the papers written by students of the third grade about the history of the growth of Chicago, Illinois from the time it was a trading post through its pioneer stage. It also presents the first of two sections of the papers entitled "Chicago of Long Ago" and a subject index to provide an idea about the contents of each child's book. It also presents selected sections from the children's works which are most essential in telling a brief story of Chicago's growth through the past century. The papers present correlated works in geography, industrial science, mathematics, handwork, and art.

Even though a single summary index of mortality can never replace the set of age-specific death rates, it has been found to be extremely useful for a wide variety of purposes. Such indexes are generally one of two types: aggregative indexes, such as directly standardized rates which reflect absolute differences between corresponding age-specific mortality rates; and average of relatives indexes which reflect proportional differences between those rates. The choice of index depends upon the purposes for which it is to be used, and is important as different indexes can produce very different results. While directly standardized rates are widely used, they depend upon the selection of an appropriate standard population and give disproportionately heavy weight to the high ages. Average of relatives indexes give equal weight to all ages, but are infrequently used as no index of that type has gained wide acceptability. This paper recommends the use of the geometric mean of the age-specific mortality rates as such an index, and shows that this index is readily calculable, unbiased, needs no standard population, is directly comparable to all other indexes so calculated, and accurately reflects exponential mortality patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents a discussion on "segregation indices" which deals with issues like the way to define the amount of Negro segregation in a city. It is to define measures of association for a contingency table with only two columns, that is, where one of the attributes, like Negro and non-Negro, is dichotomous. Instead of a minority and dominant group, one may, for instance, compare men and women, an experimental and control group, and so forth. Likewise, the manifold attribute need not be location. If there is anything special about the residential segregation problem, it is that there are a large number of census tracts roughly equal in population, that is, that the row totals of the contingency table are approximate. To convert chi square for a table with two columns into an index with the range o to 1, one merely divide it by the total population. The quotient is called the mean square contingency, or phi square. Two of the proposed indices are nothing but special applications of phi, in one case for a particular fourfold table, in the other by k table. Furthermore, the familiar approach by k table is more easily generalized.

Presents an index of books and related references on sociology, which appeared in the June 1970 issue of "Rural Sociology." Population, labor force, migration; Ecology, use of physical and natural resources; Social organization, community institutions.

Presents an index of books and related references on sociology, which appeared in the September 1969 issue of "Rural Sociology."

The article presents the results of a study in which analyzes the relationships between factuality and the discussion of value in an impartial sample of recent sociological writings. In this study, two sentences were chosen, by explicit routine rules, from each available page in 51 consecutive signed articles in the "American Sociological Review" and from 19 consecutive signed articles in the "American Journal of Sociology." This study considered factual and non-factual sentences dealing directly with values. The first type of non-factual sentences is referred as unsupported value judgments. The second type of non-factual sentences included all generalizations not dealing directly with values and clearly not belonging in the category. This group if informally referred as sweeping generalisations. This study involved calculation on intercorrelations between indexes representing the relative frequencies of all types of sentences. The objective of the study is to determine to what extent factual and non-factual treatments of values are correlated with each other and with factual and non-factual treatments of non-valuational matter.

The article presents a list of papers published in the 1973 issue of the periodical. Some papers are "Announcements," "API Method Extended," "Airline Crew-Scheduling," "Air-Cargo Deployment Combat Personnel," "Aircraft Average Number Collisions," "Collision Probabilities," "Large Relative Velocity," "Special Cases, Velocity," "Air Fleet Evaluation Model (AFEM)," "Airports, Parallel Runways," "Air Routes, Potential Conflict," "Air-Route Network Planning," "Augmented Predecessor Indexing Method," "Books of Interest," "Brisbane City Council Transport Services, Note," "Broken Shifts, Bus Scheduling," "Bus Crew Scheduling," "Chesapeake Bay Bridge Traffic Control," "Column Generation Algorithm," "Combat Personnel, Equipment, Deployment," "Comparison, Steady-State and Simulation Methods," "Designing Transportation Networks," "Digital Simulation, Freeway Traffic, Long Island Expressway, New York," "Facility Location Algorithm," "Feeder Transit Lines," "Freeway Traffic, Digital Simulation," "General Networks Lemmas," "Generalized Network Problems," and "Generalized Transportation Problems."

Presents a response to the article by George Perry on manufacturing capacity. How the indexes measuring capacity have been contradictory at times; Reasons for that; Explanation of the full capacity concept; Consideration of capacity utilization as an explanatory variable; Contemporary findings.

The development of a statistically adequate set of construction price indexes is the goal of a research effort recently instituted at the Bureau of the Census. This paper describes research done to date on price indexes for single-family houses and indicates plans for future research. Using data from the Bureau's Housing Sales Survey, indexes of the price of new one-family houses sold (including value of site) have been computed by determining the most important characteristics of these houses and estimating, by regression analysis, the price change in houses with a constant "mix" of these characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a reply in response to an article written by R.V. Greenslide and Phyllis A. Wallace, criticizing an article written by the author on industrial growth in the Soviet Union, published in the May 1958 issue of the journal "American Economic Review." The author clarifies that his comparisons of the Soviet Union and the U.S. industrial growth were based on three different indexes of Soviet industrial growth, each with two weight base. The indexes of industrial materials, which show a growth more or less midway between extremes, were chosen to represent the Soviet Union on a graph comparing Soviet and the U.S. industrial growth. But they were used only for a broad look into the research, immediately supplemented by a table that presented the ranges of Soviet growth rates derived from all the indexes presented in the article, and compared those ranges with growth rates derived from the author's index of industrial production in the U.S. The author argues that an index of industrial materials does not reflects adequately the total industrial growth. The author also clarifies the argument that a comprehensive index of industrial production for the Soviet Union must have a downward bias relative to a similar index for the U.S.

The article presents a comment on the article "Industrial growth in the Soviet Union " by G. Warren Nutter, published in the May 1958 issue of the journal "American Economic Review." According to the author, Nutter in his article presented number of different indexes of Industrial production for the Soviet union, namely, industrial materials indexes, finished goods indexes, and indexes of "All Industrial Products." Out of these he selected the industrial materials indexes as the most reliable and compared them graphically with a single comprehensive industrial production index for the U.S., consisting essentially of the Federal Reserve Board index for 1929 to 1955, the Fabricant-Barger index for 1899 to 1929. The conclusion is surprising since most students of the Soviet economy have thought that Soviet industry has been growing considerably faster than the U.S. industry. Therefore the author argues that Nutter's comparison of materials indexes for the Soviet Union with a comprehensive index for the U.S. is improper, and that a comparison of a U.S. materials index with Mutter's Soviet materials indexes does not support the conclusion that U. S. industry has kept pace with Soviet industry.

In the article "The Measurement of Ecological Segregation," which was previously published in the journal "American Sociological Review," an attempt was made to construct a quantitative index as an operational definition of the sociological concept of ecological segregation. It was found that not just one, but an indefinitely large number of different indices could be constructed, all, logically corresponding to the concept of ecological segregation. Furthermore, four such indices were constructed, and when applied to data for census tracts in a number of cities. In 1940, the intercorrelations between the indices varied from .48 to .96. Consequently, it was concluded that there may be more than one "correct" operational definition of the concept, depending on various assumptions and techniques adopted. The "correctness" of an operational definition was held to depend upon the specified function that it is to perform in a given research problem. These results and conclusions raise the question of how to select from among the many possible indices, the one which is "best" or most "correct" for a given research problem.

Presents an index of books and related references on sociology, which appeared in the December 1971 issue of "Rural Sociology." Population, labor force, migration; Social organization and community institutions; Communication, level of knowledge, diffusion, adoption, and planned change.