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This article presents the hardware and software architectures used to implement the Modbus Extension (ModbusE) IIoT gateway, the performance of the acquisition cycle at the PRU real-time programmable core level, the acquisition cycle communication flow—dispatcher—OPC UA server (Linux)—OPC UA client (Windows) as well as the performance analysis of data communications between the IIoT ModbusE gateway and the OPC UA client (Windows). In order to be able to implement both the ModbusE acquisition cycle and the OPC UA server, the BeagleBone Black Board was chosen as the hardware platform. This board uses the Sitara AM335x processor (Texas Instruments (TI), Dallas, TX, USA) from Texas Instruments. Thus, the acquisition cycle was implemented on the PRU0 real-time core, and the OPC UA server, running under the Linux operating system, was implemented on the ARM Cortex A8 processor. From the analysis of the communication speed of the messages between the OPC UA client and the ModbusE servers, it was found that the ModbusE acquisition cycle speed was higher than the acquisition speed of the OPC UA client. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Caenorhabditis elegans has been widely used as a model organism in developmental biology due to its invariant development. In this study, we developed a desktop software CShaperApp to segment fluorescence‐labeled images of cell membranes and analyze cellular morphologies interactively during C. elegans embryogenesis. Based on the previously proposed framework CShaper, CShaperApp empowers biologists to automatically and efficiently extract quantitative cellular morphological data with either an existing deep learning model or a fine‐tuned one adapted to their in‐house dataset. Experimental results show that it takes about 30 min to process a three‐dimensional time‐lapse (4D) dataset, which consists of 150 image stacks at a ∼1.5‐min interval and covers C. elegans embryogenesis from the 4‐cell to 350‐cell stages. The robustness of CShaperApp is also validated with the datasets from different laboratories. Furthermore, modularized implementation increases the flexibility in multi‐task applications and promotes its flexibility for future enhancements. As cell morphology over development has emerged as a focus of interest in developmental biology, CShaperApp is anticipated to pave the way for those studies by accelerating the high‐throughput generation of systems‐level quantitative data collection. The software can be freely downloaded from the website of Github (cao13jf/CShaperApp) and is executable on Windows, macOS, and Linux operating systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last decade, the market share and user base of social media applications have witnessed significant growth. However, this surge in popularity has inadvertently drawn the attention of criminals aiming to exploit these platforms for illicit activities. The forensic examination of these applications emerges as a pivotal avenue for uncovering valuable insights into criminal behavior and identifying suspects. Discord, a social media platform, has become a significant focal point for such illicit activities. In this paper, we examine the remnants of Discord on both Windows and Linux operating systems, employing storage, memory, and network analysis techniques to review the remnants of Discord. Our investigation reveals a range of crucial artifacts that have been successfully recovered across all three areas of analysis, including login and payment details, chat history, account information, and much more. Collectively, these artifacts constitute a valuable resource for forensic investigations, allowing the reconstruction of most of the user's activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phylogenetic trees illustrate evolutionary relationships between taxa or genes. Tree figures are crucial when presenting results and data, and by creating clear and effective plots, researchers can describe many kinds of evolutionary patterns. However, producing tree plots can be a time‐consuming task, especially as multiple different programs are often needed to adjust and illustrate all data associated with a tree. We present TreeViewer, a new software to draw phylogenetic trees. TreeViewer is flexible, modular, and user‐friendly. Plots are produced as the result of a user‐defined pipeline, which can be finely customised and easily applied to different trees. Every feature of the program is documented and easily accessible, either in the online manual or within the program's interface. We show how TreeViewer can be used to produce publication‐ready figures, saving time by not requiring additional graphical post‐processing tools. TreeViewer is freely available for Windows, macOS, and Linux operating systems and distributed under an AGPLv3 licence from https://treeviewer.org. It has a graphical user interface (GUI), as well as a command‐line interface, which is useful to work with very large trees and for automated pipelines. A detailed user manual with examples and tutorials is also available. TreeViewer is mainly aimed at users wishing to produce highly customised, publication‐quality tree figures using a single GUI software tool. Compared to other GUI tools, TreeViewer offers a richer feature set and a finer degree of customisation. Compared to command‐line‐based tools and software libraries, TreeViewer's graphical interface is more accessible. The flexibility of TreeViewer's approach to phylogenetic tree plotting enables the program to produce a wide variety of publication‐ready figures. Users are encouraged to create their own custom modules to expand the functionalities of the program. This sets the scene for an ever‐expanding and ever‐adapting software framework that can easily adjust to respond to new challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To address the issues of low bandwidth, weak real-time performance, and poor synchronization in traditional fieldbuses for multi-axis motion control, a solution for the implementation of an EtherCAT master based on the IgH EtherCAT Master open-source software framework and an embedded hardware platform is proposed. On a hardware platform centered around the AM64x Sitara processor, a Linux real-time operating system based on the Xenomai real-time kernel is constructed, and the IgH master framework is ported to realize a high-performance EtherCAT master. The configuration process of the EtherCAT bus is detailed, a master application program is developed, and methods for the real-time performance optimization of the master—such as exclusive CPU usage by the master process and the optimization of the network card driver—are proposed. Finally, experiments are conducted on a six-axis servo control platform, with the packet analysis of the periodic EtherCAT data frames sent by the master. The experimental results show that the optimized master, under a high-speed communication cycle of 500 microseconds, maintains maximum jitter within 20 microseconds and average jitter within 1 microsecond, meeting the requirements for high-precision multi-axis motion control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to deploy the Google ChromeFlex Operating System and evaluate its efficiency. It uses a deep learning algorithm that analyzes all results from other users with the same browser type and on the same OS. This provides a meaningful evaluation of the computer unit's stressed components, including CPU, GPU, Memory, and Storage. Findings reveal that ChromeFlex OS works efficiently when the computer is connected online. Furthermore, GPU performance in ChromeFlex OS is lower in applications requiring graphics-related work like effects and videos. Using ChromeFlex OS on computer units used for daily tasks using Internet - based applications is recommended. ChromeFlex OS is a new operating system with limited compatibility, and most productivity tools compatible with old operating systems, such as Windows OS, MAC OS, and LINUX, among others, will not run in ChromeFlex OS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Motivation Molecular dynamics (MD) is a computational experiment that is crucial for understanding the structure of biological macro and micro molecules, their folding, and the inter-molecular interactions. Accurate knowledge of these structural features is the cornerstone in drug development and elucidating macromolecules functions. The open-source GROMACS biomolecular MD simulation program is recognized as a reliable and frequently used simulation program for its precision. However, the user requires expertise, and scripting skills to carrying out MD simulations. Results We have developed an end-to-end interactive MD simulation application, MolDy for Gromacs. This front-end application provides a customizable user interface integrated with the Python and Perl-based logical backend connecting the Linux shell and Gromacs software. The tool performs analysis and provides the user with simulation trajectories and graphical representations of relevant biophysical parameters. The advantages of MolDy are (i) user-friendly, does not requiring the researcher to have prior knowledge of Linux; (ii) easy installation by a single command; (iii) freely available for academic research; (iv) can run with minimum configuration of operating systems; (v) has valid default prefilled parameters for beginners, and at the same time provides scope for modifications for expert users. Availability and implementation MolDy is available freely as compressed source code files with user manual for installation and operation on GitHub: https://github.com/AIBResearchMolDy/Moldyv01.git and on https://aibresearch.com/innovations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most of the intrusion detection datasets to research machine learning-based intrusion detection systems (IDSs) are devoted to cyber-only systems, and they typically collect data from one architectural layer. Often the attacks are generated in dedicated attack sessions, without reproducing the realistic alternation and overlap of normal and attack actions. We present a dataset for intrusion detection by performing penetration testing on an embedded cyber-physical system built over Robot Operating System 2 (ROS2). Features are monitored from three architectural layers: the Linux operating system, the network, and the ROS2 services. The dataset is structured as a time series and describes the expected behavior of the system and its response to ROS2-specific attacks: it repeatedly alternates periods of attack-free operation with periods when a specific attack is being performed. This allows measuring the time to detect an attacker and the number of malicious activities performed before detection. Also, it allows training an intrusion detector to minimize both, by taking advantage of the numerous alternating periods of normal and attack operations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the development of the embedded system and improvement of the requirements from customers, embedded GUI which was used to communicate between users and embedded system became to be a key in researching the embedded system. This article introduced what is embedded system and what is embedded GUI. It described the porting of an embedded GUI on ARM Linux platform, including the establishment of compile environment, configuring and modifying of compile options and setting of runtime parameters. Above all, this article introduces the development of Embedded Linux GUI, describes the GUI development environment of Qt/Embedded and Qt, one procedure of the app location development based on Qt/Embedded is described in detail. This system adopts the B/S mode and uses the ARM11 development board with S3C6410 as the core. Sensors are used to obtain information, and the obtained data is judged and analyzed. When the preset conditions are not met, an alarm function is triggered. At the same time, data transmission is carried out through the Zigbee wireless module, and the receiving end analyzes and displays the received data. Each device is connected to the Zigbee module, which distinguishes it by assigning different network addresses and constantly transmits the status of the monitoring area to the receiving end. The receiving end distinguishes the monitoring status of different locations based on the different network addresses, increasing mobility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Elektronik Industrie is the property of Hüthig GmbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Modern malware poses a severe threat to cybersecurity, continually evolving in sophistication. To combat this threat, researchers and security professionals continuously explore advanced techniques for malware detection and analysis. Dynamic analysis, a prevalent approach, offers advantages over static analysis by enabling observation of runtime behavior and detecting obfuscated or encrypted code used to evade detection. However, executing programs within a controlled environment can be resource-intensive, often necessitating compromises, such as limiting sandboxing to an initial period. In our article, we propose an alternative method for dynamic executable analysis: examining the presence of malicious signatures within executable virtual pages precisely when their current content, including any updates over time, is accessed for instruction fetching. Our solution, named JITScanner, is developed as a Linux-oriented package built upon a Loadable Kernel Module (LKM). It integrates a user-level component that communicates efficiently with the LKM using scalable multi-processor/core technology. JITScanner's effectiveness in detecting malware programs and its minimal intrusion in normal runtime scenarios have been extensively tested, with the experiment results detailed in this article. These experiments affirm the viability of our approach, showcasing JITScanner's capability to effectively identify malware while minimizing runtime overhead. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Memory forensics is concerned with the acquisition and analysis of copies of volatile memory (memory dumps). Based on an empirical assessment of observable inconsistencies in 360 memory dumps of a running Linux system, we confirm a state of overwhelming inconsistency in memory forensics: almost a third of these dumps had an empty process list and was therefore obviously incomplete. Out of those dumps that were analyzable, almost every second dump showed some form of inconsistency that potentially impacts the interpretation of the dump in a forensic investigation. These results are based on a new way to estimate the level of causal consistency of a memory dump. The factors influencing these inconsistencies are less clear but in general correlate with the level of concurrency (system load and number of threads). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work evaluates the use of a programmable logic controller (PLC) from Phoenix Contact's PLCnext ecosystem as an image processing platform. PLCnext controllers provide the functions of "classical" industrial controllers, but they are based on the Linux operating system, also allowing for the use of software tools usually associated with computers. Visual processing applications in the Python programming language using the OpenCV library are implemented in the PLC using this feature. This research is focused on evaluating the use of this PLC as an image processing platform, particularly for industrial machine vision applications. The methodology is based on comparing the PLC's performance against a computer using standard image processing algorithms. In addition, a demonstration application based on a real-world scenario for quality control by visual inspection is presented. It is concluded that despite significant limitations in processing power, the simultaneous use of the PLC as an industrial controller and image processing platform is feasible for applications of low complexity and undemanding cycle times, providing valuable insights and benchmarks for the scientific community interested in the convergence of industrial automation and computer vision technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Creotech Instruments is advancing a game-changing sCMOS camera series. The Final Prototype Model of an astronomical camera for Space Surveillance and Tracking (SST) is in the test campaign phase. Designed for SST, NEO, and debris detection, its adaptable platform suits quantum tech and biological microscopy. Edge computing sets it apart, leveraging FPGA-based SoC for real-time processing and Linux-based pre-processing. Operating autonomously, it supports on-camera ML algorithms, revolutionizing astronomy. Data pre-processing, like frame stacking, reduces data load. This paper introduces the camera's concept, architecture, and prototype test results, emphasizing specific use cases and future product line development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Problems of Mechatronics. Armament, Aviation, Safety Engineering / Problemy Mechatroniki. Uzbrojenie, lotnictwo, Inżynieria Bezpieczeństwa is the property of Index Copernicus International and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Sequence motif discovery algorithms enhance the identification of novel deoxyribonucleic acid sequences with pivotal biological significance, especially transcription factor (TF)-binding motifs. The advent of assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing (ATAC-seq) has broadened the toolkit for motif characterization. Nonetheless, prevailing computational approaches have focused on delineating TF-binding footprints, with motif discovery receiving less attention. Herein, we present Cis rEgulatory Motif Influence using de Bruijn Graph (CEMIG), an algorithm leveraging de Bruijn and Hamming distance graph paradigms to predict and map motif sites. Assessment on 129 ATAC-seq datasets from the Cistrome Data Browser demonstrates CEMIG's exceptional performance, surpassing three established methodologies on four evaluative metrics. CEMIG accurately identifies both cell-type-specific and common TF motifs within GM12878 and K562 cell lines, demonstrating its comparative genomic capabilities in the identification of evolutionary conservation and cell-type specificity. In-depth transcriptional and functional genomic studies have validated the functional relevance of CEMIG-identified motifs across various cell types. CEMIG is available at https://github.com/OSU-BMBL/CEMIG , developed in C++ to ensure cross-platform compatibility with Linux, macOS and Windows operating systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Network attacks, such as botnets stealing sensitive data, constitute a critical concern for administrators in the Internet area. Such attacks can be prevented using a network access control (NAC) scheme. However, existing NAC mechanisms all rely on the user account mechanism provided by the operating system. Herein, we propose a protocol involving a Linux security module for user-based NAC. The module requires neither user accounts nor secure user space; it loads signed rules and keys for a user from a USB security key, securely authenticates the user, and controls network permissions directly from the Linux kernel. Moreover, we present extensions for the protocol, developed using additional authentication methods and devices (such as a smartphone), to prevent man-in-the-middle, replay, and phishing attacks. The protocol can securely authenticate users from kernel space by using USB security keys and a user smartphone despite an insecure user space, is resistant to various attacks, and can guarantee that authorized users obtain their corresponding network privileges. At the same time, the analysis of Linux operating system security enhancement technology is proposed to achieve the goal of trusting machines. Through the use of empirical algorithm analysis, enhanced virtualization technology, and other methods, the risk of hacker intrusion on information platforms is reduced in multiple aspects, and management mechanisms are used to set and use resource permissions. On the other hand, after mastering the key technologies for network blocking development in the core layer of the system, there is also an opportunity to independently build modules for the security core of operating systems in special fields and future 5G/6G SDNs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"Hacking Diversity: The Politics of Inclusion in Open Technology Cultures" by Christina Dunbar-Hester explores the lack of diversity within open technology communities and the efforts of activists and social change advocates to address this issue. The book takes an ethnographic approach, focusing on the everyday practices of the respondents. It critically examines power dynamics within these communities and highlights the need for social justice. The book also discusses the limitations of representation politics and calls for a deeper understanding of global equity. Overall, "Hacking Diversity" provides valuable insights into diversity issues in the North American tech industry and serves as a useful resource for historians of technology. [Extracted from the article]

The eXtensible Access Control Markup Language (XACML) is a popular OASIS standard for the specification of fine-grained access control policies. However, the standard does not provide a proper solution for the verification of XACML access control policies before their deployment. The first step for the formal verification of XACML policies is to formally specify such policies. Hence, this paper presents XACML2mCRL2, a tool for the automatic translation of XACML access control policies into mCRL2. The mCRL2 specifications generated by our tool can be used for formal verification of important properties of access control policies, such as completeness or inconsistency, using the well-known mCRL2 toolset. • XACML2mCRL2 automatically converts XACML policies into mCRL2 specifications that can be analyzed using the mCRL2 toolset. • XACML2mCRL2 requires no installation and can be executed on various operating systems such as Windows, Linux, macOS, etc. • XACML2mCRL2 is easy to use, and users do not need to know formal methods or understand the generated mCRL2 specifications. • XACML2mCRL2 makes the mCRL2 toolset a proper fully automated tool for formal verification of XACML access control policies. • XACML2mCRL2 transforms obligations attached to rules and policies, as well as other elements of the XACML policy model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]