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Continuum reverberation mapping is widely used in studying the accretion disks of active galactic nuclei (AGNs). Some indirect evidence and simulations have indicated that the diffuse continuum, especially the strong Balmer continuum from the broad-line region, may contribute to the continuum in the u / U band. Here, we present direct evidence for this contribution. In this work, we apply the ICCF-Cut method to continuum reverberation mapping to extract the possible diffuse continuum light curves of six AGNs, using high-cadence, high-quality, and multiband observations. We find the existence of an outer component out of the accretion disk for each of the six AGNs in the Swift U band. Meanwhile, similar results can be derived with the JAVELIN Photometric Reverberation Mapping Model for four of them. The lags of the outer components are consistent with the predicted Balmer continuum lags, which are about half of the H β lag values. Our result directly reinforces the understanding that an outer component, especially the Balmer continuum in the rest-frame u / U band, can contribute significantly to the continuum reverberation lags of AGNs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To analyze the coupling and coordination relationship between the supply of medical resources and the utilization of medical services in Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle from 2016 to 2021, so as to provide reference for optimizing the allocation of medical resources. Methods Based on the comprehensive evaluation index system of medical resources supply and service utilization, a comprehensive evaluation model and a coupling coordination degree model were constructed to analyze the coupling and coordination relationship between medical resources supply and service utilization in Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle from 2016 to 2021. With the use of exploratory spatial data analysis, the spatial-temporal evolution characteristics of medical resources coupling coordination were analyzed. Results From 2016 to 2021, the development levels of medical resources supply and service utilization in Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle were 0.11-0.13 and 0.14-0.15, respectively, and the relative degree of development changed from shortage of medical resources (0.78) to mutual complement and promotion of development (0.92). However, the proportion of cities subject to lagging supply of medical resources was still large (68.8% in 2021). The level of coupling coordination changed from 0.47 to barely coordinated development. By 2021, only Chongqing and Chengdu had a good coordinated development. The LISA diagram showed that the "high-high" areas increased year by year, and the "cold point" effect disappeared, but there was still a "highland" phenomenon centered on Nanchong. Conclusion The development level of medical resource supply and service utilization in Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle is stable and rising, but the overall level is low and the regional gap is obvious. The coupling coordination level needs to be further improved, which is mainly limited by the lagging supply of medical resources. The spatial positive correlation of coupling coordination degree is gradually enhanced, but the spatial heterogeneity is still prominent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document is a correction notice for an article titled "Reduction of NgR in perforant path decreases amyloid-β peptide production and ameliorates synaptic and cognitive deficits in APP/PS1 mice." The authors identified an error in Figure 6C(a) of the original article and have provided the corrected version. The corrected figure shows the Western blot and densitometry analysis of NgR and APP levels in APPswe/HEK293 cells. The original article has been updated with the corrected figure. The authors of the article are Rong Jiang, Xue-Fei Wu, Bin Wang, Rong-Xiao Guan, Lang-Man Lv, Ai-Ping Li, Lei Lei, Ye Ma, Na Li, Qi-Fa Li, Quan-Hong Ma, Jie Zhao, and Shao Li. [Extracted from the article]

Introduction: Whether airway‐compromised airway–esophageal fistula (AEF) patients should undergo combined airway and esophageal stenting is controversial. This study was designed to evaluate the survival prognosis and poststent interventions in AEF patients with airways compromised by advanced malignancy with or without airway stents. Methods: A retrospective analysis of the medical records, survival times, and poststent interventions of 17 patients with or without airway stents was performed. Results: The causes of AEF were esophageal cancer (11/17, 64.7%), lung cancer (6/17, 29.4%), and thyroid cancer (1/17, 5.9%). All patients received a nasogastric tube (n = 12) or underwent gastrostomy (n = 5) to resume enteral nutrition. Thirteen patients underwent airway stent insertion (13/17, 76.5%), whereas four patients did not. Four patients with a high risk of stent migration received external stent fixation to the trachea. Three of the patients with stents suffered severe granulation tissue formation and needed repeated bronchoscopy interventions. In the stented group, none of the patients developed stent migration, and the overall median survival time was 9 months, compared with 1.25 months in the nonstented group (P = 0.04). Cox proportional hazards regression revealed that stent insertion, nasogastric tube insertion, and transcatheter bronchial artery chemoembolization were protective factors against death, whereas surgery‐related fistula, fistula larger than 2 cm, continued chemotherapy, and age were risk factors for poor survival (P < 0.05). Conclusion: In airway‐compromised AEF patients, airway stents and nasogastric tubes are probably the preferred treatments. Airway stenting is tolerable, and routine weekly poststent bronchoscopy is needed in the first month and depending on respiratory symptoms thereafter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The discovery of halos, one of the most interesting phenomena in exotic nuclei, has opened up a new field in nuclear physics. To understand this unique property, the level structures of 14 B, 15 C, 22 N, 23 O, 24 F, and 25 Ne are studied with the complex momentum representation (CMR) method. We calculate the single-particle energies of bound and resonant states, and examine the occupation probabilities, density distribution, wavefunctions of the valence neutron occupied levels, and the root mean square (RMS) radii of the single-particle orbits. These results show that 14 B, 15 C, and 22 N are neutron halo nuclei dominated by s-wave configurations in - 0.08 ≤ β 2 ≤ 0 , 0.1 ≤ β 2 ≤ 0.3 , and - 0.1 ≤ β 2 ≤ 0.08 , respectively. Although the last valence neutron of 23 O, 24 F, and 25 Ne all occupy the 2 s 1 / 2 orbit (the orbit with a dominant s-wave configuration), the single-particle levels occupied by the valence neutrons are rather bound. It implies a neutron skin structure in 23 O, 24 F, and 25 Ne with spherical shape or prolate deformation. The halo phenomena are not only related to the orbital occupied by the last valence neutron but also to its separation energy. This prediction has reference value for further exploration of neutron halo in experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The stress intensity factor (SIF) is the foundation of fracture mechanics analysis. Accurate determination of SIFs is at the very heart of damage tolerance design and fatigue crack growth life prediction. The weight function method (WFM) is a powerful method for SIF‐determination involving complex load conditions. This article presents a review of the historical development over the past five decades and the current state‐of‐the‐art in three‐dimensional (3D) WFMs. The discussions are focused on the slice synthesis weight function method (SSWFM) and the point weight function method (PWFM). The powerfulness of the 3D WFMs is shown by a variety of examples with complex part‐through crack configurations under uni‐ and bi‐variant loadings. Solution accuracy is verified by comparisons of SIFs with various numerical methods. Use of the substitute geometry concept to expand the capability of 3D WFMs for solving real‐world engineering 3D crack problems is demonstrated. Some remaining challenges are briefly discussed. Highlights: This article presents a review of the historical development and the current state‐of‐the‐art in 3D WFMs.The 3D WFMs is powerful for complex part‐through crack configurations.The WFMs can solve real‐world 3D crack problems with substitute geometry concept.Some remaining challenges are briefly discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In previous taxonomic studies, identification of Atlanticus species was mainly based on male morphological features, such as cercus, tenth abdominal tergum and subgenital plate. In this study, we systematically revise eight Atlanticus species (61 individuals) in East China. We sequence COI genes of all samples for identification, and compare morphologies and male calling songs. The classification based on male cerci, calling songs, and COI genes is consistent. In contrast, the morphologies of male tenth abdominal tergum and subgenital plate varied among species. In addition, we regard A. jiangyei Liu, Wang & Cheng, 2016 as a junior synonym of A. pieli Tinkham, 1941, and A. helleri Liu, Wang & Cheng, 2016 as a junior synonym of A. kiangsu Ramme, 1939. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

HLA‐C*07:1089 differs from HLA‐C*07:02:01:01 by one nucleotide in exon 3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chemical stabilization is frequently used to stabilize lead (Pb) or arsenate (As), but faces challenges in Pb-As co-contaminated soils because of the antagonistic reactions between chemical stabilizers and contaminants. In this work, we innovated an effective and cost-efficient stepwise steam flash heating (SSFH) strategy to simultaneously immobilize Pb and As, and unraveled the underlying mechanisms. The combination of 1.5 % Ca(H 2 PO 4) 2 and 2 % Fe 2 (SO 4) 3 only decreased 1.99 % Pb by toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP-Pb) but increased 17.8 % of TCLP-As due to the antagonistic effects. SSFH with Ca(H 2 PO 4) 2 in the first step and Fe 2 (SO 4) 3 in the second step achieved the minimal TCLP-Pb and TCLP-As of 0.778 and 0.327 mg/L, respectively. It also reduced 69.8 % of leachable As in 100-year acid rain simulation, indicating a favorable long-term stabilization performance. Additionally, SSFH approach reduced 43.2 % stabilizer dosage and 14.9 % cost. X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) documented that the stepwise SFH promoted the transformation of Pb(NO 3) 2 and NaAsO 2 /NaAsO 3 /As 2 O 3 /As 2 O 5 into stable Pb 3 (PO 4) 2 and FeAsO 4 , preventing the formation of AsO 4 3- and FePO 4. Our findings proved the state-of-the-art SSFH approach and unraveled its mechanisms to stabilize Pb and As co-contamination in soils, offering a green and sustainable remediation alternative for the management of heavy metal contaminated sites. A novel stepwise SFH approach can be applied to overcome the stabilizer antagonist effects by separately immobilizing Pb and As in two sequential steps. It also decreased 43.2 % of stabilizer dosage and 14.9 % of cost comparing to conventional chemical stabilization. This approach can be used for other metal co-contaminated soils facing similar antagonistic challenges, and our work raises a state-of-the-art solution for cost-effective, green and sustainable remediation practices. [Display omitted] • Innovative stepwise steam flash heating (SSFH) for effective Pb and As immobilization. • SSFH efficiently eliminated the antagonistic effect by stabilizers. • Higher cost-efficiency and favorable long-term immobilization performance in SSFH. • SSFH changes Pb and As immobility mechanism evidenced by XANES. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Microgrid optimal dispatch to reduce costs, carbon emissions and power fluctuation. • The multi-objective optimization algorithm based on war strategy. • Pareto frontier sort based on membership degree. • Reasonable allocation of new energy and energy storage. This article introduces a novel metaheuristic multi-objective optimization algorithm to address the complex multi-objective optimization scheduling challenges of the microgrids for the first time. Comparing with common multi-objective optimization algorithms, the proposed Multi-Objective War Strategy Optimization (MOWSO) has the following highlights: 1) MOWSO only needs to set three parameters. The few parameters make the algorithm simple to debug and real-world implement in practical applications. 2) MOWSO avoids the local centralized distribution of Pareto frontier based on a random selection strategy. The selection range of multiple objectives is expanded properly. In addition, a comprehensive multi-objective optimization dispatch model for microgrids is established, concurrently considering operating costs, carbon emissions, and power fluctuations. Furthermore, the impact of new energy proportion and Energy Storage (ES) on microgrid optimal dispatch is thoroughly investigated. Finally, a case study about a village microgrid in North China is presented to validate the effectiveness and the superiority of proposed multi-objective optimization dispatch model and novel MOWSO algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ketamine, as a non-competitive antagonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, was originally used in general anesthesia. Epidemiological data show that ketamine has become one of the most commonly abused drugs in China. Ketamine administration might cause cognitive impairment; however, its molecular mechanism remains unclear. The glymphatic system is a lymphoid system that plays a key role in metabolic waste removal and cognitive regulation in the central nervous system. Focusing on the glymphatic system, this study evaluated the behavioral performance and circulatory function of the glymphatic system by building a short-term ketamine administration model in mice, and detected the expression levels of the 5-HT2c receptor, ΔFosb, Pten, Akt, and Aqp4 in the hippocampus. Primary astrocytes were cultured to verify the regulatory relationships among related indexes using a 5-HT2c receptor antagonist, a 5-HT2c receptor short interfering RNA (siRNA), and a ΔFosb siRNA. Ketamine administration induced ΔFosb accumulation by increasing 5-HT2c receptor expression in mouse hippocampal astrocytes and primary astrocytes. ΔFosb acted as a transcription factor to recognize the AATGATTAAT bases in the 5′ regulatory region of the Aqp4 gene (−1096 bp to −1087 bp), which inhibited Aqp4 expression, thus causing the circulatory dysfunction of the glymphatic system, leading to cognitive impairment. Although this regulatory mechanism does not involve the Pten/Akt pathway, this study revealed a new mechanism of ketamine-induced cognitive impairment in non-neuronal systems, and provided a theoretical basis for the safety of clinical treatment and the effectiveness of withdrawal. [Display omitted] • Ketamine administration causes circulatory dysfunction of glymphatic system. • Ketamine administration induces cognitive impairment in mice. • Ketamine induces ΔFosb accumulation by increasing the expression of 5-HT2c receptor. • ΔFosb acts as a transcription factor to recognize and inhibit Aqp4 expression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, we synthesized three novel isomorphic materials, RE-BDC-NH 2 (RE = Sm, Y, Er), and compared their capacity to confirm the importance of pore size. Er-BDC-NH 2 was proved to be the best choice among them with a relatively high CO 2 adsorption capacity (91 cm3g−1) and CO 2 /CH 4 selectivity (15). [Display omitted] • Three 3D stable microporous amino-functionalized rare earth hexanuclear cluster based MOFs composed of tetrahedral cages and octahedral cages were synthesized. • They exhibit notable CO 2 gas adsorption performance, compared with CH 4. • They achieve the separation of CO 2 /CH 4 mixture gas with excellent selectivity and recyclability. Climate pollution and global warming caused by greenhouse gases have become one of our toughest environmental challenges. CO 2 capture and separation from natural gas can effectively reduce CO 2 emissions and improve energy efficiency, accordingly, it is a serious challenge faced by industrial separation and scientific research to effectively reduce the carbon dioxide concentration in natural gas pipeline transportation and achieve the acquisition of high-purity methane (>99.5 %). In this study, three stable hexanuclear microporous rare earth cluster-based MOFs (Sm-BDC-NH 2 , Er-BDC-NH 2 , Y-BDC-NH 2) were successfully synthesized. The selectivity of CO 2 /CH 4 was improved by the introduction of amino groups to achieve better CO 2 /CH 4 separation performance, which was proved by dynamic penetration experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Natural images tend to recur similar patterns within the same scale and across different scales. Some recent progress on Single Image Super-Resolution (SISR) have elaborated on applying non-local attention mechanism to explore intrinsic feature correlation on multi-scale similarity to improve SR performance. However, recent advanced non-local attention-based methods typically utilize fixed-scale image patches to mine the correlations between local and global features, which is unreliable to judge the similarity between the non-local image patches across various scales. In this paper, we develop a novel Multi-Scale Non-Local Attention Network (MSNLAN) for SISR. The MSNLAN consists of a serial of Residual Groups (RGs) and an embedded Multi-Scale Non-Local Attention Block (MSNLAB) located at the middle of those RGs. Each RG is comprised of several Residual Multi-scale Attention Blocks (RMABs) which learns multi-scale features extracted from different receptive fields to fully capture diverse and complementary feature representations. MSNLAB is applied to establish more long-range dependencies by exploring multi-scale patches within the same feature map to seek more faithful and relevant non-local features. Moreover, we utilize Dense Skip Connections (DSC) between each RG and the MSNLAB to enhance the interaction of different context features, which is propitious for generating more impressive image details. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed MSNLAN outperforms other state-of-the-art competitors in terms of both quantitative and qualitative quality assessment results. The code will be available at https://github.com/kbzhang0505/MSNLAN. • Multi-scale non-local attention module exploring multi-scale long-range dependencies. • Residual multi-scale attention block (RMAB) for complementary feature representation. • Multi-scale non-local attention network for SR with the residual group of RMABs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, high-resolution anthropogenic heat release (AHR) due to energy consumption is considered in Community Earth System Model version 1 (CESM1) to explore possible climatic effects and physical mechanisms due to AHR in eastern China (EC) in boreal summer. The results show that the heating effect of AHR on the lower atmosphere leads to an increase in the temperature difference between land and ocean, causing changes in atmospheric circulation and water vapor transport in EC in boreal summer. AHR affects the lower-troposphere stability and low clouds, impacting the surface energy balance. This will affect the surface temperature and further increase the occurrence of extreme high temperatures. The modeling results show that in the central part of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and Inner Mongolia regions, the relative humidity increases by more than 1% due to AHR, leading to a decrease in low cloud cover. In the Middle-Lower Yangtze region, low clouds decrease by 2–3%, while the net shortwave radiation flux at the surface increases by approximately 5%. AHR leads to an increase of 0.19 K in the 2 m air temperature in the 25°N-35°N regions of EC on average in boreal summer, which will further impact the summer extreme high temperature in the Middle-Lower Yangtze Region. AHR acts as a non-negligible factor for the extreme high temperature in EC in boreal summer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new cost-effective and easily scalable Cu(Ⅱ)-MOF (termed as BUT-316) with unique local-molecule-trap (LMT) based on oppositely adjacent OMSs has been successfully constructed, which exhibited remarkable separation properties for C 2 H 2 /CO 2 mixture, as confirmed by both experiments and theoretical calculations. [Display omitted] • A new cost-effective and easily scalable Cu(II)-MOF (BUT-316) with local-molecule-trap (LMT) has been constructed successfully. • BUT-316-a can effectively separate C 2 H 2 /CO 2 mixture confirmed by both static adsorption and breakthrough experiments. • The LMT structure within BUT-316-a can provide a novel synergistic binding site for gas molecules. Adsorption-based C 2 H 2 purification is a promising technology in the petrochemical industry, but the seeking or design of suitable adsorbents faces the challenge of merging excellent separation properties with other implementable advantages. Here, we reported a cost-effective and easily scalable metal–organic framework (MOF), BUT-316-a (BUT = Beijing University of Technology), with unprecedented local-molecule-trap (LMT) for the preferential adsorption of C 2 H 2 over CO 2. Attributed to the existence of the LMT, high density of open metal sites (OMSs), and microporous pore structure, BUT-316-a combines high uptake (117.6 cm3 cm−3) and packing density of C 2 H 2 (0.36 g mL−1), coupled with good C 2 H 2 /CO 2 selectivity (17.2). The practical separation performance of BUT-316-a toward C 2 H 2 /CO 2 mixture and the associated host–guest interactions within the LMT were further unveiled by dynamic breakthrough experiments and theoretical calculations, respectively. This study may provide valuable insights into designing more advanced adsorbents with an optimal binding environment for gas separation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bacterial intestinal inflammation is a common disease of aquatic animal in high-density aquaculture. This study aims to construct a model of intestinal inflammation in northern snakehead, and analyze the intestinal transcriptome after Aeromonas hydrophila (A. hydrophila) infection by high-throughput sequencing technologies (RNA-seq), in order to obtain candidate genes and regulatory pathways that may participate in inflammatory response. Northern snakehead [(13.05 ± 2.39) g] were infected through anal for 24 h with different concentrations of A. hydrophila (1.0 × 10−4, 1.0 × 10−5, 1.0 × 10−6, 1.0 × 10−7 and 1.0 × 10−8 CFU/mL). Intestinal histology observation showed that infection with A. hydrophila caused obvious inflammatory responses in intestine, especially in hindgut. The results also indicated that intestinal permeability related parameters (D-LA and Na+-K+-ATP), immune-related parameters (C3, LZM, AKP, MPO, IL-1β and TNF-α) and immune-related gene expression (il-1β and tnf-α) were significantly changed compared to the CK group. In this process, high concentration of A. hydrophila infection caused the death of snakehead. On the basis of the above evaluation, we successfully constructed a model of intestinal inflammation induced by A. hydrophila in northern snakehead, and the optimal dosage of A. hydrophila was 1.0 × 10−6 CFU/mL. Subsequently, the constructed model was analyzed on the Illumina Genome Analyser II platform for intestinal transcriptome. Results showed that a total of 370,492,420 clean reads, 145,236 transcripts and 89,431 unigenes were obtained. Moreover, a total of 7566 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found, including 4486 upregulated genes and 3080 downregulated genes. Notably, the key pathways [Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and NOD-like receptors (NLRs)] and genes [ tlr1 , tlr2 , tlr5 , nf-κb , tnf-α , il-1β , il-10 , nod1 ] related to inflammation were discovered. These results revealed the response of northern snakehead to A. hydrophila at the transcriptional level, which provide insights for the regulatory mechanisms of intestinal inflammation in northern snakehead. • A model of intestinal inflammation in northern snakehead was constructed by Aeromonas hydrophila. • The optimal dosage of Aeromonas hydrophila for inducing intestinal inflammation in northern snakehead was 1.0 × 10−6 CFU/mL. • The key pathways and genes related to inflammation were discovered by high-throughput sequencing technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel Ni 6 -based MOF was successfully synthesized and utilized as a molecular electrocatalyst for four types of alkaline alcohol oxidation reactions (AOR). [Display omitted] • A novel highly-connected Ni 6 -based MOF (CTGU-38) has been successfully synthesized and characterized. • CTGU-38 exhibits good electrocatalytic performance toward four kinds of alkaline alcohol oxidation reactions (AOR). • This work provides a new vision for designing molecular electrocatalysts for energy conversion. Designing economical and efficient anode catalysts is critical for the commercial use of direct alcohol fuel cells (DAFCs). In this work, a novel Ni(II)-based metal–organic framework (MOF), {[Ni 3 (μ 3 -OH)(TMBTI)(1,4-bib)(H 3 O)} n (H 6 TMBTI = 2,4,6-trimethylbenzene-1,3,5-triylisophthalate, 1,4-bib = 1,4-bis(1-imidazoly)benzene) (CTGU-38, CTGU = China Three Gorges University), was successfully synthesized through solvothermal method. Structural analyses reveal that the CTGU-38 possesses a unique Ni 6 (μ 3 -OH) 2 (COO) 12 cluster and 3D porous framework with a rare (6,16)-connected topology. Further electrochemical experiments demonstrate that the CTGU-38 exhibits good electrocatalytic oxidation performance towards various alcohol fuel molecules, including the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR), ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR), n -propanol oxidation reaction (NPOR), and isopropanol oxidation reaction (IPOR), with peak current densities ranging from 26.9 to 54.46 mA cm−2 in alkaline solution. These results indicate that the CTGU-38 appears to be a potential non-noble metal-based electrocatalyst for DAFCs, and this work provides new insights into the design of more efficient electrocatalysts at the atomic scale for energy conversion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) is an efficient and non-polluting green energy conversion device. However, the electrocatalysts for the anodic methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) in DMFC are often precious metal catalysts, which suffer from high cost, poor stability, and easy deactivation. In this work, two isostructural metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) [M 3 (μ 3 -OH)(TATB)(Nic) 2 (H 2 O) 2 (DMA)] (M = Co, Ni) were successfully synthesized under solvothermal conditions. Both frameworks possess a unique trinuclear cluster [M 3 (μ 3 -OH)(COO) 5 ] secondary building unit (SBU) and a rare binodal (3,7)-connected network. Due to the high density of metal sites and prominent pore system within CTGU-36-Ni, it can serve as an effective molecular electrocatalyst for MOR, while CTGU-36-Co is an inert material. Further experimental results showed that the introduction of conductive substances could lead to a significant increase in the MOR area activity of CTGU-36-Ni. This work not only provides a non-noble metal molecular MOR electrocatalyst but also opens a new vision for the design and application of crystalline materials in various energy conversion processes. Two isostructural metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with atypical trinuclear cluster have been constructed successfully, which exhibit good electrocatalytic properties toward methanol oxidation reaction as molecular electrocatalysts or after the addition of conductive carbon mediums. [Display omitted] • Two isostructural MOFs with atypical trinuclear cluster have been constructed. • CTGU-36-Ni and its composites exhibit remarkable electrocatalytic activity for MOR. • This work provides a molecular MOR catalyst and a new vision for the application of MOFs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For a multi-dimensional measure of positive youth development (PYD), its factor structure should be invariant across groups and over time. This study examined the factorial validity of the 44-item short form of the "Chinese Positive Youth Development Scale" (CPYDS-SF) that assesses 15 dimensions of PYD attributes. Using two waves of longitudinal data with a one-year interval in between, this study examined the factor structure of the scale and whether the structure is invariant between gender groups and across time. The data were collected from 3,328 adolescents at Wave 1 and 3,638 adolescents at Wave 2, with a matched sample of 2,905 adolescents (mean age = 12.57 ± 0.72 at Wave 1; 49.54% girls). Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the 15-factor structure fitted the data well. The findings of invariance tests further supported this structure's invariance across gender and time, indicating a stable factor structure of CPYDS-SF among Chinese adolescents. These findings suggest that CPYDS-SF can be used to examine gender differences and the longitudinal development of PYD qualities among Chinese adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In our previous work on broadband photometric reverberation mapping (PRM), we proposed the interpolated cross-correlation function (ICCF)-Cut process to obtain the time lags of the H α emission line from two broadband lightcurves via subtracting the continuum emission from the line band. Extending the work, we enlarge our sample to the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) database. We adopt two criteria to select 123 type 1 active galactic nuclei (AGNs) with sufficient variability and smooth light curves from 3537 AGNs at z < 0.09 with more than 100 epoch observations in the g and r bands from the ZTF database. We calculate the H α time lags for 23 of them that have previous spectroscopic reverberation mapping (SRM) results using the ICCF-Cut, Just Another Vehicle for Estimating Lags In Nuclei (JAVELIN), and χ 2 methods. Our obtained H α time lags are slightly larger than the H β time lags, which is consistent with the previous SRM results and the theoretical model of the AGN broad-line region. The comparisons between the SRM and PRM lag distributions and between the subtracted emission line light curves indicate that after selecting AGNs with the two criteria, combining the ICCF-Cut, JAVELIN, and χ 2 methods provides an efficient way to get the reliable H α lags from the broadband PRM. Such techniques can be used to estimate the black hole masses of a large sample of AGNs in large multiepoch photometric sky surveys such as the Legacy Survey of Space and Time and the survey from the Wide Field Survey Telescope in the near future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims This study explored the effects of slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW) on algae to exploit technologies that effectively suppress algal growth in hydroponic systems and improve crop yield. Methods and Results The effects of SAEW on algal growth and the response mechanisms of algae to SAEW were investigated. Moreover, we studied whether the application of SAEW adversely affected tomato seedling growth. The results showed that SAEW significantly inhibited algal growth and destroyed the integrity of the algal cells. In addition, the intracellular oxidation−reduction system of algae was greatly influenced by SAEW. The H2O2, O2−, malondialdehyde (MDA), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) fluorescence signals were significantly induced by SAEW, and superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and glutathione reductase (GR) activities were greatly enhanced by a low SAEW concentration but significantly inhibited by SAEW with a high available chlorine concentration, which may contribute to heavy oxidative stress on algal growth and cell structure break down, eventually causing the death of algae and cell number decrease. We also found that regardless of the concentration of SAEW (from 10 to 40 mg L−1), there was no significant change in the germination index, length, or fresh weight of the hydroponic tomato seedlings. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that SAEW can be used in hydroponic systems to restrain algae with no negative impact on tomato plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Soil cadmium (Cd) contamination is a world-wide challenge and chemical stabilization is the most used remediation strategy. To solve the disadvantages of high stabilizer dosage and cost, we innovated a cost-efficient steam flash heating (SFH) approach to chemically immobilize Cd in contaminated soils, which introduced high-pressure saturated water vapor into soil microstructure, broke their binding with soil particles and accelerated Cd reactions with stabilizers by ultrafast pressure release. Using calcium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium hydrogen phosphate or calcium carbonate as stabilizer, Cd stabilization efficiency was 10.4%, 13.4% and 17.1% higher by SFH than conventional chemical stabilization, and the lowest Cd content in leachate was 0.61 mg/L. Additionally, SFH approach averagely reduced 50.1 ± 7.29% of stabilizer dosage, 34.1% of cost, and 29.9% of CO 2 emission. BCR sequential extraction results suggested that acid extractable Cd was preferentially transformed into residual Cd by SFH. Analysis of X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) documented that SFH treatment produced more stable Cd-minerals of Cd 3 (PO 4) 2 , CaCO 3 -Cd, and CdCO 3. Our findings proved the state-of-the-art SFH approach and uncovered its mechanisms to stabilize Cd in contaminated soils, offering a green and cost-efficient remediation alternative for heavy metal contaminated site management. [Display omitted] • Innovative steam flash heating for effective Cd immobilization. • SFH improves the molecular contact and mass transfer to accelerate Cd stabilization. • Higher cost-efficiency and lower energy consumption in steam flash heating. • Steam flash heating changes Cd immobilization mechanism evidenced by XANES. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lug is one of the most important lap joints in many engineering structures, especially airframes. Through‐thickness and part‐through cracks emanating from pin‐loaded lug hole are frequently encountered due to stress concentration. Stress intensity factors for various crack geometries are the prerequisite for damage tolerance design of attachment lug. In this paper, analytical 2D weight functions for through‐thickness crack in lug are derived considering the contact condition between the pin and lug. With the derived 2D weight function, a highly efficient 3D slice synthesis weight function method (SSWFM) is then developed to determine 3D SIFs of hole‐edge corner/surface crack in straight and tapered lugs under various pin loadings. The resulting 3D SIFs are verified by comparisons with the numerical FEM/Franc3D solutions and literature data. The SSWFM is about 1800 times faster than the numerical FEM/Franc3D and therefore will significantly enhance damage tolerance analysis capability for attachment lugs. Highlights: Accurate and wide‐range weight functions of pin‐loaded cracked lug are derived considering the contact constraint.A 3D weight function method for corner and surface cracks of lug is established.It is accurate and much faster than FEM for SIF calculation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tetrapanax papyrifer, the rice‐paper plant, is an evergreen shrub and is traditionally used as a herbal medicine in China. In October 2021, a serious leaf spot disease was extensively observed on T. papyrifer in Guizhou, China. Given the limited information available about the aetiology of this disease, isolations were performed, the morphological characteristics and multi‐locus phylogenetic analysis of the fungus associated with the disease were described, and the pathogenicity tests and Koch's postulates were completed. To our knowledge, this is the first report of leaf spot on T. papyrifer caused by Alternaria tenuissima in China. Among 11 fungicides tested, 10% difenoconazole WDG had the best inhibition effect in vitro with EC50 values at 0.1 μg mL−1. This study provides new information for the identification and chemical control of Alternaria leaf spot of T. papyrifer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: This scoping review was conducted to provide a comprehensive summary of how electroencephalogram (EEG) and event‐related potentials (ERPs) have been used in nursing research, with the goal of mapping the themes and methods of nursing research involving EEGs or ERPs as a measurement tool. Methods: The eligibility criteria were determined according to the Population, Concept, and Context principle. A systematic electronic search of articles in the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL, APA PsycInfo, and Scopus databases was carried out for the period from database establishment to November 21, 2022. The included studies were analyzed using descriptive statistics and content analysis. Results: The review process culminated in 45 articles, evidencing an increasing trend and dispersion characteristics of EEG in nursing research and reflecting five thematic domains of inquiry related to nursing. There was a deficiency of detailed reports of EEG recording and data analysis parameters in nursing research. The common EEG bands in nursing research were Delta, Theta, Alpha, Beta, Gamma. The ERP components used frequently were P3, P2, N1, N2, P1, N170, and feedback‐related negativity. Conclusions: The wide variety of EEG components used show broad potential for studying nursing questions. In the future, it will be necessary to increase the depth of the research content, the repeatability of the experiment and the standardization of the report. Nursing researchers should give full play to the characteristics of nursing and establish a systematic and complete EEG research system for nursing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new triterpenes mayteneri A (1), mayteneri B (2), and seven known compounds (3-9) were isolated from stems of Maytenus hookeri Loes. The chemical structures of compounds 1 and 2 were established by 1D, 2D NMR, HRESIMS analysis, and calculating electronic circular dichroism (ECD). The structures of known compounds 3-9 were determined by comparison of their spectral with those reported. Compounds 4-7 showed significant inhibitory activity for NLRP3 inflammasome, with the IC50 values of 2.36–3.44 μM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous studies have reported associations between newly diagnosed diabetes and poor outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), but there is limited data focusing on elderly patients (age ≥ 65). This study aimed to analyze the prevalence and clinical implications of newly diagnosed diabetes in elderly patients who underwent PCI. From 2004 to 2021, a total of 2456 elderly patients who underwent invasive PCI at Korea University Guro Hospital were prospectively enrolled and followed up for a median of five years. The primary endpoint was five-year major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Cox regression was used to evaluate whether newly diagnosed diabetes impacted on long-term clinical outcomes. Newly diagnosed diabetes was presented in approximately 8.1% to 10.9% of elderly patients who underwent PCI. Those who had a new diagnosis of diabetes had a higher risk of MACE than previously known diabetes (25.28% vs. 19.15%, p = 0.039). After adjusting for significant factors, newly diagnosed diabetes remained an independent predictor of MACE (HR [hazard ratio] 1.64, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.24–2.17, p < 0.001), cardiac death (HR 2.15, 95% CI 1.29–3.59, p = 0.003) and repeat revascularization (HR 1.52, 95% CI 1.09–2.11, p = 0.013), but not for non-fatal myocardial infarction (HR 1.66, 95% CI 0.94–2.12, p = 0.081). Newly diagnosed diabetes was associated with an increased risk of 5-year MACE compared with non-diabetes and previously diagnosed diabetes in elderly patients underwent PCI. More attention should be given to those elderly newly diagnosed diabetes population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is recognized as the most aggressive and immunologically infiltrated subtype of breast cancer. A high circulating neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is strongly linked to a poor prognosis among patients with breast cancer, emphasizing the critical role of neutrophils. Although the involvement of neutrophils in tumor metastasis is well documented, their interactions with primary tumors and tumor cells are not yet fully understood. Methods: Clinical data were analyzed to investigate the role of neutrophils in breast cancer. In vivo mouse model and in vitro co-culture system were used for mechanism researches. Blocking experiments were further performed to identify therapeutic agents against TNBC. Results: TNBC cells secreted GM-CSF to sustain the survival of mature neutrophils and upregulated CD11b expression. Through CD11b, neutrophils specifically binded to ICAM1 on TNBC cells, facilitating adhesion. Transcriptomic sequencing combined with human and murine functional experiments revealed that neutrophils, through direct CD11b-ICAM1 interactions, activated the MAPK signaling pathway in TNBC cells, thereby enhancing tumor cell invasion and migration. Atorvastatin effectively inhibited ICAM1 expression in tumor cells, and tumor cells with ICAM1 knockout or treated with atorvastatin were unresponsive to neutrophil activation. The MAPK pathway and MMP9 expression were significantly inhibited in the tumor tissues of TNBC patients treated with atorvastatin. Conclusions: Targeting CD11b-ICAM1 with atorvastatin represented a potential clinical approach to reduce the malignant characteristics of TNBC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mixed‐valence europium ions‐activated phosphors have distinct advantages in color modulation, dynamic anti‐counterfeiting, and optical sensors. Nevertheless, it is still a challenge to obtain mixed‐valence europium ions in single compounds by facile self‐reduction. Herein, the crystal structure of a 3D hexagonal network formed by SiO4/AlO4 tetrahedra is demonstrated to play a significant role in the spontaneous reduction of Eu3+ to Eu2+ based on SrAl2Si2O8, Sr2SiO4, SrAl2O4 hosts. The crystal field theory and Judd‐Ofelt theory provide a deeper understanding of Eu2+ and Eu3+ luminescence behavior, namely, the low energy spectra of Eu2+ are more easily observed in crystal structure with high polarizability and octahedral coordination, whereas the spectra properties of Eu3+ are affected by the symmetry of local environment and crystal rigidity. For SrAl2Si2O8: 0.02Eu2+/Eu3+, multi‐mode thermometry is explored in terms of the luminescence intensity ratio (LIR) of Eu2+/Eu3+, luminescence intensity (LI) and full‐width at half maximum (FWHM) of Eu2+ with maximal relative sensitivity reaching 3.83% K−1. This study presents the first exploration of optical manometry based on the LIR mode of Eu2+/Eu3+ with excellent sensitivity (Sr = 18.13% GPa−1). This work not only provides a novel strategy for the design of mixed‐valence ions‐activated materials but also constructs promising optical thermometry, and manometry candidates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Gastric cancer is the fifth most common cancer type. Most patients are diagnosed at advanced stages with poor prognosis. A non-invasive assay for the detection of early-stage gastric cancer is highly desirable for reducing associated mortality. Methods: We collected a prospective study cohort of 110 stage I–II gastric cancer patients and 139 non-cancer individuals. We performed whole-genome sequencing with plasma samples and profiled four types of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) characteristics, fragment size pattern, copy number variation, nucleosome coverage pattern, and single nucleotide substitution. With these differential profiles, we developed an ensemble model to detect gastric cancer signals. Further, we validated the assay in an in-house first validation cohort of 73 gastric cancer patients and 94 non-cancer individuals and an independent second validation cohort of 47 gastric cancer patients and 49 non-cancer individuals. Additionally, we evaluated the assay in a hypothetical 100,000 screening population by Monte Carlo simulation. Results: Our cfDNA-based assay could distinguish early-stage gastric cancer from non-cancer at an AUROC of 0.962 (95% CI: 0.942–0.982) in the study cohort, 0.972 (95% CI: 0.953–0.992) in the first validation cohort and 0.937 (95% CI: 0.890–0.983) in the second validation cohort. The model reached a specificity of 92.1% (128/139) and a sensitivity of 88.2% (97/110) in the study cohort. In the first validation cohort, 91.5% (86/94) of non-cancer individuals and 91.8% (67/73) of gastric cancer patients were correctly identified. In the second validation cohort, 89.8% (44/49) of non-cancer individuals and 87.2% (41/47) of gastric cancer patients were accurately classified. Conclusions: We introduced a liquid biopsy assay using multiple dimensions of cfDNA characteristics that could accurately identify early-stage gastric cancer from non-cancerous conditions. As a cost-effective non-invasive approach, it may provide population-wide benefits for the early detection of gastric cancer. Trial registration: This study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov under the identifier NCT05269056 on March 7, 2022. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Designing efficient multifunctional electrocatalysts for water and urea splitting to produce green hydrogen presents a significant yet worthwhile challenge. Herein, the morphology and electronic structure of cobalt metaphosphate (Co2P4O12) by vanadium (V) doping, resulting in improved electrocatalytic activity and stability for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and urea oxidation reaction (UOR) are simultaneously regulated. Theory calculations show that V‐doped Co2P4O12 (V‐Co2P4O12) can boost the kinetics of catalytic reactions by optimizing the d‐band center of Co atoms and the binding strength of intermediates, as well as enhancing the density of states. Moreover, the doping of V into Co2P4O12 crystalline structure benefits the formation of a thicker amorphous layer during the catalytic process, which could enhance its alkaline corrosion resistance and stability. Additionally, the multilevel nanostructures of V‐Co2P4O12 provide rich active sites for catalytic reactions. As a result, a two‐electrode electrolyzer assembled by V‐doped Co2P4O12 delivers low voltages for overall water and urea splitting. The superior performance suggests that the proposed V‐doping strategy is a promising way to regulate electrocatalytic activity for catering to green electrocatalytic applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accretion of black holes at near-Eddington or super-Eddington rates represents the most powerful episode driving black hole growth, potentially occurring across various types of objects. However, the physics governing accretion and jet–disk coupling in such states remains unclear, primarily due to the difficulty in detecting associated jets, which may emit extremely weakly or exhibit episodic behavior. Only a few near/super-Eddington systems have demonstrated radio activity, and it remains uncertain whether jets exist and what their properties are in super-Eddington active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and ultraluminous X-ray sources. This uncertainty stems mainly from the complex radio emission mix, which includes contributions from jets, star formation activity, photoionized gas, accretion disk wind, and coronal activity. In this work, we conducted high-resolution, very long baseline interferometry observations to investigate jets in the highly accreting narrow-line Seyfert I system I Zw 1. Our observations successfully revealed small-scale jets (with a linear size of ∼45 pc) at both 1.5 and 5 GHz, based on the high radio brightness temperature, radio morphology, and spectral index distribution. Additionally, the parsec-scale jet observed in I Zw 1 displays a knotted morphology reminiscent of other sources accreting at similar rates. In summary, the high accretion rates and jet properties observed in the AGN I Zw 1 may support the AGN/X-ray binary analogy in this extreme state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] A critical challenge in the enzymatic conversion of acylglycerols is the limited exposure of the enzyme dissolved in the aqueous solution to the hydrophobic substrate in the oil phase. Positioning the enzyme in a microenvironment with balanced hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity in Pickering emulsion will facilitate the acylglycerol-catalyzing reactions at the interface between the oil and liquid phases. In this work, to overcome the challenge of biphasic catalysis, we report a method to immobilize enzymes in polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based hydrogel microparticles (HMPs) at the interface between the oil and water phases in Pickering emulsion to promote the enzymatic conversion of acylglycerols. 3 wt% of HMPs can stabilize the oil-in-water Pickering emulsion for at least 14 days and increase the viscosity of emulsions. Lipase-HMP conjugates showed significantly higher hydrolytic activity in Pickering emulsion; HMP-immobilized lipase SMG1 showed an activity about three times that of free lipase SMG1. Co-immobilization of a lipase and a fatty acid photodecarboxylase from Chlorella variabilis (CvFAP) in Pickering emulsion enables light-driven cascade conversion of triacylglycerols to hydrocarbons, transforming waste oil to renewable biofuels in a green and sustainable approach. HMPs stabilize the Pickering emulsion and promote interfacial biocatalysis in converting acylglycerols to renewable biofuels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To evaluate the identification of tumor deposits (TDs) and the prognostic significance of an MRI tumor regression grade for TDs in patients with rectal cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT). Methods: Ninety-one patients with cT3 or cT4 rectal cancer who underwent surgery following nCRT between August 2014 and June 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Changes in pre-nCRT MRI-detected TDs (mrTDs) were described as mrTD regression grade. The diagnostic performance of post-nCRT MRI-detected TDs (ymrTDs) was compared with histopathological reference standard. The correlation between ymrTDs, mrTD regression grade, and disease-free survival (DFS) was assessed. Results: The sensitivity and specificity of ymrTDs were 88.00% and 89.39%, respectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.887 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.803–0.944). The 3-year DFS of patients with positive ymrTDs was significantly lower than of the negative group (44.83% vs 82.73%, p < 0.001). The 3-year DFS was 33.33% for patients with poor regression of mrTDs following nCRT and 55.56% for those with moderate regression, compared to 69.23% in good responders and 83.97% in patients without mrTDs (p < 0.001). On multivariable Cox regression, mrTD regression grade was the only independent MRI factor associated with DFS (p = 0.042). Conclusions: Diagnostic performance of ymrTDs was moderate. The mrTD regression grade was independently correlated with DFS, which may have a prognostic implication for treatment and follow-up. Clinical relevance statement: Patients with poor regression of MRI-detected tumor deposits may benefit from more aggressive treatments, such as chemoradiation therapy plus induction or consolidation chemotherapy. Key Points: • MRI provides a preoperative and noninvasive way to visualize tumor deposits (TDs) after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT). • Post-nCRT MRI-detected TDs are a poor prognostic marker in cT3 and cT4 rectal cancer patients. • The regression of MRI-detected TDs after nCRT is associated with an improved disease-free survival. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Proposal of a method to construct typical generic block models using local datasets. • Urban form influences strategy of solar technology in low-carbon scenario. • Solar cooling contributes to carbon reduction in subtropical areas. • Technology and morphology design can overcome the high-density constraints. The use of solar energy in an urban context is essential for low-carbon urban development and global climate change mitigation. In this paper, the application of multiple solar energy techniques, namely, photovoltaic (PV), photothermal (PT), and photothermal-driven cooling (PC) techniques, in tropical Macau was investigated. Based on the typological method, sixty generic block typologies were formulated. A parametric workflow was constructed to facilitate block modelling and simulate energy consumption and solar radiation. The optimal technique strategy for each typology was identified under a low-carbon scenario. The energy and environmental performance levels of the blocks were evaluated by calculating and comparing the solar potentials, load matching conditions, primary energy consumption levels, and carbon dioxide emissions. The results indicated that the PT technique should be preferred for blocks with high floor area ratio (FAR) values, while the PV technique should be prioritized for blocks with low FAR values under the low-carbon scenario. Moreover, the PC technique is necessary in subtropical areas to reduce carbon emissions. In addition, it is suggested that solar energy should be adopted in blocks with high site coverage ratio (SC) and low surface area-to-volume ratio (SAV) values, as well as blocks with low FAR values. Regarding blocks constrained by high-density urban development, appropriate decisions on technology and morphological design could help to overcome constraints and realize low-carbon community targets. This study could provide suggestions for urban planners and building designers in the application of the urban solar potential at the early stages of urban design or urban regeneration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ethyl acetate fraction of Toddalia asiatica was fractionated to yield fifteen previously undescribed prenylated coumarins, asiaticasics A-O (1 – 15) along with nine (16 – 24) known derivatives. The structures of these undescribed coumarins were established by spectroscopic analysis and reference data. Biological activity evaluation showed that compound 3 with the IC 50 value of 2.830 μM and compound 12 with the IC 50 value of 0.682 μM owned anti-inflammatory activity by detecting the rate of lactate dehydrogenase release in pyroptosis J774A.1 cells. The results showed that the expression of Caspase-1 and IL-1 β was decreased in a dose-dependent manner in the compound 12 treatment group, suggesting that compound 12 may reduce pyroptosis by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome. To further determine that compound 12 treatment can inhibit macrophage pyroptosis, morphological observation was performed and the results were consistent with the bioactivity evaluation. [Display omitted] • Twenty-four coumarins were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of Toddalia asiatica. • Fifteen coumarins that have not been described before. • Two undescribed compounds showed low IC 50 values and could exert effective anti-inflammatory effects. • Compound 12 inhibited pyroptosis in a dose-dependent manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three novel mononuclear 4‐vinylpyridine‐based Fe(III) complexes [FeL(4‐VP)]BPh4 (4‐VP=4‐vinylpyridine; H2L=bis(salicylicdeneaminopropyl)amine, H2salten, 1; H2L=bis(salicylicdeneaminopropyl)methylamine, H2saltenMe, 2; H2L=bis(3‐methoxysalicylideneaminopropyl)methylamine, 3‐OMeH2saltenMe, 3) were synthesized and characterized. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analyses revealed that 1–3 both present the mononuclear structure based on 4‐VP coordinated with bis(salicylicdeneaminopropyl)amine and its derivatives, which give 2D architectures by various interactions among cations and counter‐ions. Magnetic studies showed that both 1 and 2 exhibit one‐step complete spin‐crossover (SCO) behaviours with critical transition temperatures (T1/2) of 178 and 87 K respectively, while 3 exhibits one‐step incomplete spin crossover behaviour (T1/2,3=93 K). The introduction of methyl groups on the amine nitrogen of the Schiff base ligands in 2 and 3 give the bigger repulsive effect, further decrease the cooperation of spin centres, resulting in their spin transition occurring at lower temperatures. In addition, the presence of C−H⋯O weak interactions in 1 and 3 with synergistic effect, led to their spin transition temperatures being higher than that of 2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of Dan'e Fukang soft extracts in moderate ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) for the simultaneous treatment of blood and fluid, guided by the traditional Chinese medicine principle of "triple prevention". Methods: This study conducted a retrospective analysis of clinical data from outpatients who underwent in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection embryo transfer (ICSI-ET). A total of 2245 cases were included and divided into a treatment group (1002 cases) and a control group (1243 cases). Patients in the treatment group were administered Dan'e Fukang soft extracts orally in addition to conventional Western medicine. Comparative assessments were made between the two groups on pelvic ascites volume, maximum ovary diameter, dysmenorrhea incidence post-oocyte retrieval, and safety indicators. Results: There were no statistically significant differences between the treatment group and the control group in terms of general characteristics or the levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteotropic hormone (LH), estradiol (E2), or progesterone (P) at the time of gonadotropin (Gn) initiation. The groups did not differ significantly when we compared the levels of LH, E2, or P on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) injection and during ovarian hyperstimulation protocols (P > 0.05 for all indicators). The differences in the volume of pelvic ascites, the maximum ovarian diameter, and the incidence of dysmenorrhea after oocyte retrieval were statistically significant between the treatment group and the control group (P < 0.05 in both). There were no instances of adverse reactions in either group. Conclusion: Based on the traditional Chinese medicine principle of "triple prevention", the use of Dan'e Fukang soft extracts for the simultaneous treatment of blood and fluid in moderate OHSS significantly improved the absorption of pelvic ascites, promoted ovarian recovery, and reduced the incidence of dysmenorrhea after oocyte retrieval. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To explore the potential of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) quantitative parameters in predicting severe acute radiation-induced rectal injury (RRI) in rectal cancer. Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 49 patients with rectal cancer who underwent neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and rectal MRI including a DCE-MRI sequence from November 2014 to March 2021. Two radiologists independently measured DCE-MRI quantitative parameters, including the forward volume transfer constant (Ktrans), rate constant (kep), fractional extravascular extracellular space volume (ve), and the thickness of the rectal wall farthest away from the tumor. These parameters were compared between mild and severe acute RRI groups based on histopathological assessment. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to analyze statistically significant parameters. Results: Forty-nine patients (mean age, 54 years ± 12 [standard deviation]; 37 men) were enrolled, including 25 patients with severe acute RRI. Ktrans was lower in severe acute RRI group than mild acute RRI group (0.032 min−1 vs 0.054 min−1; p = 0.008), but difference of other parameters (kep, ve and rectal wall thickness) was not significant between these two groups (all p > 0.05). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of Ktrans was 0.72 (95% confidence interval: 0.57, 0.84). With a Ktrans cutoff value of 0.047 min−1, the sensitivity and specificity for severe acute RRI prediction were 80% and 54%, respectively. Conclusion: Ktrans demonstrated moderate diagnostic performance in predicting severe acute RRI. Clinical relevance statement: Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI can provide non-invasive and objective evidence for perioperative management and treatment strategies in rectal cancer patients with acute radiation-induced rectal injury. Key Points: • To our knowledge, this study is the first to evaluate the predictive value of contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) quantitative parameters for severe acute radiation-induced rectal injury (RRI) in patients with rectal cancer. • Forward volume transfer constant (Ktrans), derived from DCE-MRI, exhibited moderate diagnostic performance (AUC = 0.72) in predicting severe acute RRI of rectal cancer, with a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 54%. • DCE-MRI is a promising imaging marker for distinguishing the severity of acute RRI in patients with rectal cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The introduction of halogen atoms into the skeleton to regulate the intrinsic properties or improve task-specific performance of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) has developed rapidly in recent years. Herein, a series of halogen-engineered MOFs were designed and prepared for electrochemical glucose sensing. Three isomorphic Ni-MOFs were constructed by using tetra-halogenated-phthalic acids as the organic ligand and incorporating 4,4′-bipyridine as an auxiliary ligand. Halogen atoms can enhance the stability of Ni-MOFs through their hydrophobicity and interlayer halogen bonds (X–X or X–π, X = F, Cl, Br). Combined experimental and theoretical results show that the hydrogen bond between halogen atoms and glucose improves the reaction thermodynamics, enabling the wide linear range of 0.01–5.0 mM, high sensitivity of 4709.9 μA mM−1 cm−2 and low detection limit of 0.043 μM. This work provides practical guidance for the rational design of halogenated MOFs and promotes their applications in electrochemical sensing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The Cu-APC possesses a rare flexible-robust interlayer space. • The Cu-APC shows a high reversed C 2 H 6 /C 2 H 4 adsorption selectivity. • Pure C 2 H 4 can be produced in one-step process from C 2 H 6 /C 2 H 4 mixture. • The Cu-APC exhibits the C 3 H 4 -dependent stepwise gate-opening behavior. • Efficient separation of light hydrocarbons has been realized on a 2D MOF with flexible-robust interlayer space, and the related separation mechanism has also been investigated. The separation of light hydrocarbons is industrially important and scientifically challenging due to their high similarity in physicochemical properties. Two-dimensional metal–organic frameworks (2D MOFs) assembled by weak supramolecular interactions are more likely to induce structural flexibility and exhibit guest-dependent gate-opening behavior than 3D MOFs, opening new horizons for LHs storage and separation. Here, a 2D MOF (Cu-APC, APC = 2-aminopyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid) with flexible-robust interlayer space was effectively used as an adsorbent to realize C 2 and C 3 hydrocarbons separation. Evidenced by gas adsorption isotherms and the ideal adsorbed solution theory (IAST) calculations, Cu-APC exhibits moderate C 2 H 2 /CO 2 selectivity (2.87), high C 2 H 6 /C 2 H 4 selectivity (2.27) and unique multistep adsorption behavior toward C 3 H 4 /C 3 H 6 at ambient conditions. Moreover, theoretical calculations revealed that C-H···N, C=O···H-C, and C-H···π interactions are formed with C 2 H 2 , CO 2 , C 2 H 4 , and C 2 H 6 in the suitable pockets within Cu-APC. The separation performances of Cu-APC for C 2 H 2 /CO 2 , C 2 H 6 /C 2 H 4 , and C 3 H 4 /C 3 H 6 mixtures were also confirmed by column breakthrough experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gas turbine operates in high temperature environment, cooling technologies are applied for reducing the temperature of turbine blade, double wall cooling configuration is an effective cooling method. This paper proposed an investigation on double wall cooling configurations by computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Different cylindrical ribs were arranged on the different plates. Their cooling performances and flow field were analyzed, what's more, new rib arrangement, hole arrangement and spacing arrangement were proposed in the base of original arrangement, their cooling performances were compared. Finally, inclined mainstream is added for simulating gas impacting the inclined blade surface in real engine condition, the inclined angles were 30°, 45°, 60°. According to the results, ribs brought limit influence on the cooling effectiveness. More holes consumed extra 54 % coolant but only increase cooling effectiveness by 15 % under high blowing ratio. The inclined mainstream decreases cooling effectiveness by 67 % maximally. Under low coolant flow rate, cubic polynomial describes the correlation between cooling effectiveness and inclined angle, and under high coolant flow rate, linear polynomial is more suitable. Besides, offset arrangement shows better cooling performance under the inclined mainstream. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

C10H9CaN3O6, monoclinic, P21/n, a = 9.3441(2) Å, b = 6.6142(2) Å, c = 18.6509(4) Å, β = 92.001(2)°, V = 1151.99(5) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0398, wRref (F2) = 0.1101, T = 298 K. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is a high value-added platform compound, converted into bio-based polyesters and biofuels etc. In this paper, we used two commercially available hexamethylenimine and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as the structure-directing agents to synthesize HMWW zeolite nanosheets via one step. A series of HMWW zeolite nanosheets with different disorder index (DI) were controllably prepared by adjusting the amount of CTAB, operating also as an in situ exfoliating agent, converting fructose into HMF in the tetrahydrofuran/NaCl-H2O biphasic solvent with low boiling point. Successful construction of disordered HMWW zeolite nanosheets was verified by PXRD. Further characterizations by BET, SEM and TEM etc. show that HMWW4.0 with the optimum DI of 0.67 has a disordered network-like arrangement of layers with the external surface area of 224 m2/g and the mesoporous size of 3.5 nm. Catalytic evaluations showed that HMF selectivity was closely related to DI of the catalysts. Under the optimized DI, fructose molecules are readily accessible to acidic sites on the external surface while larger external surface area is exposed. The HMWW4.0 zeolite catalyzed fructose dehydration in the biphasic solvent, producing 90% HMF selectivity with 93% fructose conversion at 140 °C for 6 h. In the reuses of the HMWW4.0 catalyst, HMF selectivity was around 90% with fructose conversion decreasing by ca. 10% after six runs, indicating that it possesses the promising stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Screening of feature genes involved in cytokine release syndrome (CRS) from the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19). Methods: The data sets related to COVID-19 were retrieved using Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to CRS were analyzed with R software and Venn diagram, and the biological processes and signaling pathways involved in DEGs were analyzed with GO and KEGG enrichment. Core genes were screened using Betweenness and MCC algorithms. GSE164805 and GSE171110 dataset were used to verify the expression level of core genes. Immunoinfiltration analysis was performed by ssGSEA algorithm in the GSVA package. The DrugBank database was used to analyze the feature genes for potential therapeutic drugs. Results: This study obtained 6950 DEGs, of which 971 corresponded with CRS disease genes (common genes). GO and KEGG enrichment showed that multiple biological processes and signaling pathways associated with common genes were closely related to the inflammatory response. Furthermore, the analysis revealed that transcription factors that regulate these common genes are also involved in inflammatory response. Betweenness and MCC algorithms were used for common gene screening, yielding seven key genes. GSE164805 and GSE171110 dataset validation revealed significant differences between the COVID-19 and normal controls in four core genes (feature genes), namely IL6R, TLR4, TLR2, and IFNG. The upregulated IL6R, TLR4, and TLR2 genes were mainly involved in the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway of the inflammatory pathway, while the downregulated IFNG genes primarily participated in the necroptosis and JAK-STAT signaling pathways. Moreover, immune infiltration analysis indicated that higher expression of these genes was associated with immune cell infiltration that mediates inflammatory response. In addition, potential therapeutic drugs for these four feature genes were identified via the DrugBank database. Conclusion: IL6R, TLR4, TLR2, and IFNG may be potential pathogenic genes and therapeutic targets for the CRS associated with COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To assess the value of orthogonal axial images (OAI) of MRI in gastric cancer T staging.This retrospective study enrolled 133 patients (median age, 63 [range, 24–85] years) with gastric adenocarcinoma who underwent both CT and MRI followed by surgery. MRI lacking or incorporating OAI and CT images were evaluated, respectively. Diagnostic performance (accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity) for each T stage, overall diagnostic accuracy and rates of over- and understaging were quantified employing pathological T stage as a reference standard. The McNemar’s test was performed to compare the overall accuracy.Among patients with pT1–pT4 disease, MRI with OAI (accuracy: 88.7–94.7%, sensitivity: 66.7–93.0%, specificity: 91.5–100.0%) exhibited superior diagnostic performance compared to MRI without OAI (accuracy: 81.2–88.7%, sensitivity: 46.2–83.1%, specificity: 85.5–99.1%) and CT (accuracy: 88.0–92.5%, sensitivity: 53.3–90.1%, specificity: 88.7–98.1%). The overall accuracy of MRI with OAI was significantly higher (83.5%) than that of MRI without OAI (67.7%) (p < .001). However, there was no significant difference in the overall accuracy of MRI with OAI and CT (78.9%) (p = .35). The over- and understaging rates of MRI with OAI (12.0, 4.5%) were lower than those of MRI without OAI (21.8, 10.5%) and CT (12.8, 8.3%).OAI play a pivotal role in the T staging of gastric cancer. MRI incorporating OAI demonstrated commendable performance for gastric cancer T-staging, with a slight tendency toward its superiority over CT.Methods: To assess the value of orthogonal axial images (OAI) of MRI in gastric cancer T staging.This retrospective study enrolled 133 patients (median age, 63 [range, 24–85] years) with gastric adenocarcinoma who underwent both CT and MRI followed by surgery. MRI lacking or incorporating OAI and CT images were evaluated, respectively. Diagnostic performance (accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity) for each T stage, overall diagnostic accuracy and rates of over- and understaging were quantified employing pathological T stage as a reference standard. The McNemar’s test was performed to compare the overall accuracy.Among patients with pT1–pT4 disease, MRI with OAI (accuracy: 88.7–94.7%, sensitivity: 66.7–93.0%, specificity: 91.5–100.0%) exhibited superior diagnostic performance compared to MRI without OAI (accuracy: 81.2–88.7%, sensitivity: 46.2–83.1%, specificity: 85.5–99.1%) and CT (accuracy: 88.0–92.5%, sensitivity: 53.3–90.1%, specificity: 88.7–98.1%). The overall accuracy of MRI with OAI was significantly higher (83.5%) than that of MRI without OAI (67.7%) (p < .001). However, there was no significant difference in the overall accuracy of MRI with OAI and CT (78.9%) (p = .35). The over- and understaging rates of MRI with OAI (12.0, 4.5%) were lower than those of MRI without OAI (21.8, 10.5%) and CT (12.8, 8.3%).OAI play a pivotal role in the T staging of gastric cancer. MRI incorporating OAI demonstrated commendable performance for gastric cancer T-staging, with a slight tendency toward its superiority over CT.Results: To assess the value of orthogonal axial images (OAI) of MRI in gastric cancer T staging.This retrospective study enrolled 133 patients (median age, 63 [range, 24–85] years) with gastric adenocarcinoma who underwent both CT and MRI followed by surgery. MRI lacking or incorporating OAI and CT images were evaluated, respectively. Diagnostic performance (accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity) for each T stage, overall diagnostic accuracy and rates of over- and understaging were quantified employing pathological T stage as a reference standard. The McNemar’s test was performed to compare the overall accuracy.Among patients with pT1–pT4 disease, MRI with OAI (accuracy: 88.7–94.7%, sensitivity: 66.7–93.0%, specificity: 91.5–100.0%) exhibited superior diagnostic performance compared to MRI without OAI (accuracy: 81.2–88.7%, sensitivity: 46.2–83.1%, specificity: 85.5–99.1%) and CT (accuracy: 88.0–92.5%, sensitivity: 53.3–90.1%, specificity: 88.7–98.1%). The overall accuracy of MRI with OAI was significantly higher (83.5%) than that of MRI without OAI (67.7%) (p < .001). However, there was no significant difference in the overall accuracy of MRI with OAI and CT (78.9%) (p = .35). The over- and understaging rates of MRI with OAI (12.0, 4.5%) were lower than those of MRI without OAI (21.8, 10.5%) and CT (12.8, 8.3%).OAI play a pivotal role in the T staging of gastric cancer. MRI incorporating OAI demonstrated commendable performance for gastric cancer T-staging, with a slight tendency toward its superiority over CT.Conclusion: To assess the value of orthogonal axial images (OAI) of MRI in gastric cancer T staging.This retrospective study enrolled 133 patients (median age, 63 [range, 24–85] years) with gastric adenocarcinoma who underwent both CT and MRI followed by surgery. MRI lacking or incorporating OAI and CT images were evaluated, respectively. Diagnostic performance (accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity) for each T stage, overall diagnostic accuracy and rates of over- and understaging were quantified employing pathological T stage as a reference standard. The McNemar’s test was performed to compare the overall accuracy.Among patients with pT1–pT4 disease, MRI with OAI (accuracy: 88.7–94.7%, sensitivity: 66.7–93.0%, specificity: 91.5–100.0%) exhibited superior diagnostic performance compared to MRI without OAI (accuracy: 81.2–88.7%, sensitivity: 46.2–83.1%, specificity: 85.5–99.1%) and CT (accuracy: 88.0–92.5%, sensitivity: 53.3–90.1%, specificity: 88.7–98.1%). The overall accuracy of MRI with OAI was significantly higher (83.5%) than that of MRI without OAI (67.7%) (p < .001). However, there was no significant difference in the overall accuracy of MRI with OAI and CT (78.9%) (p = .35). The over- and understaging rates of MRI with OAI (12.0, 4.5%) were lower than those of MRI without OAI (21.8, 10.5%) and CT (12.8, 8.3%).OAI play a pivotal role in the T staging of gastric cancer. MRI incorporating OAI demonstrated commendable performance for gastric cancer T-staging, with a slight tendency toward its superiority over CT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Covalent organic framework (COF) membranes are envisioned as promising materials for precise molecular separations. The manipulation of interlayer spacing to offer additional mass transfer channels in COF membranes may be an effective way towards high-flux separation processes but still challenging. Herein, the COF membranes with 1D/2D mixed-dimensional channels are explored by the intercalation of MXene for high-flux dye separations. Thereinto, porous TpPa-SO 3 H nanosheets offer the 1D in-plane channels, and smaller-sized Ti 3 C 2 T x -NH 2 nanosheets serve as the intercalators to generate 2D interlayer channels. By tuning the content of Ti 3 C 2 T x -NH 2 , the interlayer spacing is enlarged from 0.32 nm to 0.46 nm, affording low diffusion energy barrier and ultrafast diffusion kinetics. Compared to the pristine TpPa-SO 3 H membrane, the COF/Mx-8 membrane exhibits an 90 % increase in water flux to 375.8 L m−2 h−1 bar−1, while maintaining high rejections toward various dye molecules. The strategy of MXene-intercalated mixed-dimensional channels is suitable for diverse types of 2D COF membranes. A mixed-dimensional channel strategy is developed by interlayer intercalation for fabricating high-flux COF membranes towards nanofiltration. The 1D in-plane channels and 2D interlayer channels are constructed simultaneously by actively manipulating interlayer-enlarging effect and pore-blocking effect, which affords significantly improved water flux. [Display omitted] • Interlayer manipulation is implemented in COF membranes by the intercalation of MXene nanosheets, affording mixed-dimensional channels. • The 2D interlayer spacing can be enlarged from 0.32 nm to 0.46 nm while maintaining the 1D in-plane channel size above 1.21 nm. • Compared with the pristine TpPa-SO 3 H membrane, the COF/Mx-8 membrane exhibits an 90 % increase in water flux to 375.8 L m−2 h−1 bar−1. • The strategy of MXene-intercalated mixed-dimensional channels is suitable for other types of 2D COF membranes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our recent multi-omics studies have revealed rich sources of novel bioactive proteins and polypeptides from marine organisms including cnidarians. In the present study, we initially conducted a transcriptomic analysis to review the composition profile of polypeptides from Zoanthus sociatus. Then, a newly discovered NPY-like polypeptide-ZoaNPY was selected for further in silico structural, binding and virtually pharmacological studies. To evaluate the pro-angiogenic effects of ZoaNPY, we employed an in vitro HUVECs model and an in vivo zebrafish model. Our results indicate that ZoaNPY, at 1–100 pmol, enhances cell survival, migration and tube formation in the endothelial cells. Besides, treatment with ZoaNPY could restore a chemically-induced vascular insufficiency in zebrafish embryos. Western blot results demonstrated the application of ZoaNPY could increase the phosphorylation of proteins related to angiogenesis signaling including PKC, PLC, FAK, Src, Akt, mTOR, MEK, and ERK1/2. Furthermore, through molecular docking and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) verification, ZoaNPY was shown to directly and physically interact with NPY Y2 receptor. In view of this, all evidence showed that the pro-angiogenic effects of ZoaNPY involve the activation of NPY Y2 receptor, thereby activating the Akt/mTOR, PLC/PKC, ERK/MEK and Src- FAK-dependent signaling pathways. Furthermore, in an excision wound model, the treatment with ZoaNPY was shown to accelerate the wound healing process in mice. Our findings provide new insights into the discovery and development of novel pro-angiogenic drugs derived from NPY-like polypeptides in the future. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]