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La sequía es uno de los principales eventos asociados al cambio climático que afectan el suministro de agua y la producción de alimentos en diferentes lugares y momentos (espacio-temporales) en los Andes Tropicales Peruanos (ATP). Además, los estudios han evidenciado que la sequía está causando un enorme daño a las esferas sociales, económicas y ambientales. Por ello, la Organización Meteorológica Mundial (OMM) ha publicado un manual de indicadores e índices de sequía con los métodos más representativos utilizados en el mundo para evaluar los eventos de sequía, pero cada índice tiene una ventaja diferente ya que la variable solicitada y el alcance son diferentes. En ese sentido, este estudio tiene como objetivo comparar el Índice Estandarizado de Precipitación (SPI) y el Índice Estandarizado de Evapotranspiración (SPEI) para la sequía agrícola bajo una consideración espacio-temporal en el ATP, Valle del Mantaro. En primer lugar, el SPI se basa en datos de precipitación, distingue efectivamente entre estaciones húmedas y secas. En segundo lugar, el SPEI toma en consideración los cambios de precipitación y temperatura, lo que conduce a una comprensión del calentamiento global. Se aplicó el SPI y el SPEI a seis estaciones meteorológicas diferentes dentro del Valle del Mantaro con datos entre 1990-2021 bajo un enfoque espacio-temporal. Los resultados muestran principalmente que, el 30% revela características de sequía. Además, el SPEI fue capaz de identificar eventos de sequía mayores en un +-3% para todas las estaciones meteorológicas y aplicando el análisis estadístico Kappa de Cohen, se puede evidenciar una concordancia sustancial pero no perfecta con un valor de no concordancia de +-40%. Finalmente, se recomienda continuar analizando las inundaciones y heladas en las últimas décadas con el propósito de comprender claramente el desarrollo climático para una toma de decisiones informada en la gestión del agua y actividades agrícolas.

The Covid pandemic has been an unprecedented event in the construction sector, which has generated a series of impacts, for which many researchers have developed studies to identify them. However, many of these studies have focused on the negative impacts and have not focused on collecting the opportunities generated. For this reason, the following study aims to identify the opportunities generated in the medium term because of the COVID-19 pandemic in construction projects, considering the case of the Peruvian construction sector. To this end, the study begins with a literature review where the main opportunities are identified, which are validated by expert judgment. In the next stage, Peruvian professionals were surveyed; the results were processed and categorized using the RII (Relative Importance Index), and finally, the results were discussed. The main opportunities generated by COVID-19 are greater emphasis on hygiene programs, the use of remote work technology, and the acceleration of digitalization in projects. This research will help professionals in the construction sector to exploit the opportunities of disruptive events like COVID-19 that may arise in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introducción: El diagnóstico de lesiones musculares es un desafío en contextos de poco acceso a los servicios de la salud. La integración de técnicas de movimiento puede favorecer y mejorar integralmente el análisis de estas lesiones. Objetivo: Desarrollar un enfoque de procesamiento óptico y físico para el análisis de lesiones musculares en las extremidades superiores. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, exploratorio, en 7 adultos peruanos. Se realizaron maniobras para evaluar segmentos específicos del miembro superior (método convencional) y el software Skillspector para recopilar y analizar datos biomecánicos por procesamiento óptico y físico. Se compararon los 2 métodos, mediante 5 parámetros de la metodología Six Sigma. Resultados: El 71,4 % de los participantes presentaba lesiones en el antebrazo y el 42,9 % mostró un cambio significativo en la variabilidad biomecánica. El método convencional tuvo una Sigma menor (3,45) que el alternativo (5,55). A pesar de sus ventajas, la complejidad en la manipulación de datos y la susceptibilidad de variables fueron limitaciones del método alternativo durante el modelado digital del paciente. Conclusiones: El procesamiento óptico y físico con Skillspector tiene alta eficacia para analizar lesiones musculares, superior al método de maniobras biomecánicas.

Shevaristh Lloclla-Sauñe,1 Gissela Briceño-Vergel,1 Marysela Ladera-Castañeda,2 José Huamaní-Echaccaya,1 Leysi Romero-Velásquez,1 Emily Hernández-Huamaní,1 Rosa Aroste-Andía,1 Luis Cervantes-Ganoza,3 César Cayo-Rojas1 1School of Stomatology, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Ica, Peru; 2Faculty of Dentistry and Postgraduate School, Research Team “salud Pública – Salud Integral”, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima, Peru; 3Faculty of Stomatology, Universidad Inca Garcilaso de la Vega, Lima, PeruCorrespondence: César Cayo-Rojas, Address: School of Stomatology, Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Carretera Panamericana Sur Km. 300, La Angostura, Subtanjalla, Ica, Peru, Email cesarcayorojas@gmail.comBackground: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of an educational intervention on oral health knowledge and bacterial plaque control in male secondary school students in a Peruvian province.Methods: This quasi-experimental study evaluated 294 male secondary school students in southern Peru. Oral health knowledge was measured with a validated 20-item questionnaire. Bacterial plaque was measured with the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S). This was rated as Excellent: 0, Good: 0.1– 1.2, Fair: 1.3– 3.0 and Poor: 3.1– 6.0, before receiving the educational intervention and after four weeks of receiving it. Variables such as age, area of residence, having health professionals as family members, educational level of mother and father, and living with parents were considered. A significance level of p< 0.05 was considered.Results: The comparison between the level of oral health knowledge and the OHI-S, before and after 4 weeks of receiving the educational intervention, showed a significant improvement (p< 0.05) in all the categories of the variables studied. Likewise, before the educational intervention, there were significant differences in global knowledge about oral health among the categories of the following variables: age group (p=0.040), area of residence (p< 0.001), educational level (father) (p=0.011) and living with parents (p< 0.001). However, after four weeks of receiving the educational intervention, no significant differences were observed in all the variables studied (p> 0.05). Regarding the OHI-S, no significant differences were observed in any of the variables studied, both before (p> 0.05) and after four weeks (p> 0.05) of receiving the educational intervention.Conclusion: After four weeks, the educational intervention significantly improved oral health knowledge and significantly reduced plaque bacterial plaque in male secondary school students in a Peruvian province, regardless of age, area of residence, having health professional family members, educational level of mother and father, and living with parents.Keywords: educational intervention, bacterial plaque, level of knowledge, oral health, dentistry, secondary school students, Peru

This study explores the media practices of Peruvian internet users based on their self- perceived educational level. The purpose is to provide an original theoretical perspective on the formation of media assemblages, shaped by the uses and interactions of specific social groups with media outlets. Utilizing a custom questionnaire, grounded in an updated version of the Uses and Gratifications Theory, administered to a sample (n=465) of users from various age groups and socioeconomic backgrounds, we examine the similarities and differences in these media assemblages and their impact on users' agency as critical media consumers. The results reveal that the national context, characterized by technological disparities and the COVID-19 pandemic, has influenced consumption practices. The smartphone stands out as the most widely used device, valued for its immediacy and diverse content. Both less educated and highly educated groups resort to it for information, education, and entertainment. Television also plays a significant role, serving as entertainment for older generations and a source of information for higher socioeconomic levels. The choice of streaming services among different income groups reflects the influence of connectivity and bandwidth. Information consumption is driven by curiosity, while entertainment is used for learning and following trends. Furthermore, there is little planning involved in entertainment and information consumption, although educational content is more planned among the highly educated group. This difference may be linked to access opportunities for educational materials, suggesting avenues for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Agroalimentaria is the property of Alejandro Antonio Gutierrez Socorro and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article, published in the Journal of Raptor Research, discusses the predation of a Titicaca water frog by a Mountain Caracara in Peru. The Mountain Caracara is an opportunistic predator and scavenger that typically feeds on lizards, birds, arthropods, refuse, and carrion. This observation of the caracara preying on a frog contributes to a better understanding of its food habits. The Titicaca water frog is an endangered species, and this study provides valuable insights into predator-prey interactions involving this iconic frog species in the region. [Extracted from the article]

Background Peru has reported one of the highest mortality rates from COVID-19 worldwide. The Chincha province has been one of the most affected regions in Peru and the leading promoter of the use of ivermectin for the treatment of COVID-19. Therefore, our study aimed to evaluate the frequency of use and factors associated with the use of ivermectin for COVID-19 in Chincha. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted during the second wave of COVID-19 in Peru. For statistical analyses, frequencies and percentages were reported. Prevalence ratios (PR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI), and a p-value of 0.05 were used to determine statistical significance. SPSS version 22 (IBM Corp) program was used for the analyses. Results A total of 432 participants were included in the study. A total of 67.6% (n = 292) of the participants used ivermectin during the COVID-19 pandemic. Of these, 20.20% (n=59) of the people used ivermectin for prophylactic purposes only, while 41.79% (n=122) used it as treatment for COVID-19 only, and 38.01% (n=111) used it for both reasons. The consumption of ivermectin was associated with being 50 years or older (PR:1.27, 95% CI:1.04–1.54), having a technical education level (PR:1.16, 95% CI:1.01–1.34), having had symptoms of COVID-19 with negative/no diagnosis (PR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.07–1.53) or positive diagnosis (PR:1.38, 95% CI:1.18–1.61), or having had contact with infected people (PR:1.45, 95% CI:1.06–1.98). Conclusions Most people in Chincha used ivermectin during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The main factors associated with the use of ivermectin for the prevention/treatment of COVID-19 were age ≥50 years, having a technical education level, having had symptoms with negative/no diagnosis or positive diagnosis, and contact with people infected with SARS-CoV-2.

Background Peru has reported one of the highest mortality rates from COVID-19 worldwide. The Chincha province has been one of the most affected regions in Peru and the leading promoter of the use of ivermectin for the treatment of COVID-19. Therefore, our study aimed to evaluate the frequency of use and factors associated with the use of ivermectin for COVID-19 in Chincha. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted during the second wave of COVID-19 in Peru. For statistical analyses, frequencies and percentages were reported. Prevalence ratios (PR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI), and a p-value of 0.05 were used to determine statistical significance. SPSS version 22 (IBM Corp) program was used for the analyses. Results A total of 432 participants were included in the study. A total of 67.6% (n = 292) of the participants used ivermectin during the COVID-19 pandemic. Of these, 20.20% (n=59) of the people used ivermectin for prophylactic purposes only, while 41.79% (n=122) used it as treatment for COVID-19 only, and 38.01% (n=111) used it for both reasons. The consumption of ivermectin was associated with being 50 years or older (PR:1.27, 95% CI:1.04–1.54), having a technical education level (PR:1.16, 95% CI:1.01–1.34), having had symptoms of COVID-19 with negative/no diagnosis (PR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.07–1.53) or positive diagnosis (PR:1.38, 95% CI:1.18–1.61), or having had contact with infected people (PR:1.45, 95% CI:1.06–1.98). Conclusions Most people in Chincha used ivermectin during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The main factors associated with the use of ivermectin for the prevention/treatment of COVID-19 were age ≥50 years, having a technical education level, having had symptoms with negative/no diagnosis or positive diagnosis, and contact with people infected with SARS-CoV-2.

Background: Peru has reported one of the highest mortality rates from COVID-19 worldwide. The Chincha province has been one of the most affected regions in Peru and the leading promoter of the use of ivermectin for the treatment of COVID-19. Therefore, our study aimed to evaluate the frequency of use and factors associated with the use of ivermectin for COVID-19 in Chincha., Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted during the second wave of COVID-19 in Peru. For statistical analyses, frequencies and percentages were reported. Prevalence ratios (PR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI), and a p-value of 0.05 were used to determine statistical significance. SPSS version 22 (IBM Corp) program was used for the analyses., Results: A total of 432 participants were included in the study. A total of 67.6% (n = 292) of the participants used ivermectin during the COVID-19 pandemic. Of these, 20.20% (n=59) of the people used ivermectin for prophylactic purposes only, while 41.79% (n=122) used it as treatment for COVID-19 only, and 38.01% (n=111) used it for both reasons. The consumption of ivermectin was associated with being 50 years or older (PR:1.27, 95% CI:1.04-1.54), having a technical education level (PR:1.16, 95% CI:1.01-1.34), having had symptoms of COVID-19 with negative/no diagnosis (PR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.07-1.53) or positive diagnosis (PR:1.38, 95% CI:1.18-1.61), or having had contact with infected people (PR:1.45, 95% CI:1.06-1.98)., Conclusions: Most people in Chincha used ivermectin during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The main factors associated with the use of ivermectin for the prevention/treatment of COVID-19 were age ≥50 years, having a technical education level, having had symptoms with negative/no diagnosis or positive diagnosis, and contact with people infected with SARS-CoV-2., Competing Interests: No competing interests were disclosed., (Copyright: © 2024 Salvador-Carrillo J et al.)