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In this paper, we first establish the existence of uniform random attractor for 2D stochastic Navier-Stokes equation in H with deterministic non-autonomous external force being normal in L l o c 2 (R ; V ′) , which is the measurable minimal compact set and uniformly attracts bounded random set in H in the sense of pullback. We also show that uniform random attractor with respect to the deterministic non-autonomous functions belonging to some symbol space coincides with uniform random attractor with respect to the initial time. Then we show that the uniform random attractor for the equation under consideration has regularity property in V when deterministic non-autonomous external force being normal in L l o c 2 (R ; H). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: In this paper, we study the asymptotic behavior of solutions of non-autonomous parabolic problems with singular initial data. We first establish the well-posedness of the equation when the initial data belongs to () and (), respectively. When the initial data belongs to , we establish the existence of uniform attractors in for the family of processes with external forces being translation bounded but not translation compact in . When we consider the existence of uniform attractors in , the solution of equation lacks the higher regularity, so we introduce a new type of solution and prove the existence result. For the long time behavior of solutions of the equation in , we only obtain the uniform attracting property in the weak topology. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: RIG-I, MDA5 and LGP2 are cytosolic pattern recognition receptors detecting single-stranded or double-stranded RNA in virally infected cells. The activation of RIG-I or MDA5 stimulates the secretion of type I interferons that play key roles in antiviral immune responses. The C-terminal domains (CTD) of RIG-I and LGP2 are responsible for RNA binding; however, it is not clear how MDA5 binds RNA. To understand the structural basis of dsRNA recognition by MDA5, we have determined the 1.45Å resolution structure of the C-terminal domain of human MDA5. The structure revealed a highly conserved fold similar to the structures of RIG-I and LGP2 CTDs. NMR titration of MDA5 CTD with dsRNA demonstrated that a positively charged surface is involved in dsRNA binding. Mutagenesis and RNA binding studies showed that electrostatic interactions play primary roles in dsRNA recognition by MDA5. Like RIG-I and LGP2, MDA5 CTD preferentially binds dsRNA with blunt ends, but does not associate with dsRNA with either 5′ or 3′ overhangs. Molecular modeling of MDA5 CTD/dsRNA complex suggests that MDA5 CTD may recognize the first turn of blunt-ended dsRNA in a similar manner as LGP2. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The nematode Haemonchus contortus (H. contortus) is one of the most pathogenic and economically important parasites of sheep. A 24kDa protein is one of the important components in H. contortus excretory/secretory (ES), which was shown to have important biological function. In our research, the cDNA of its open reading frame (ES24) was obtained and analyzed. Then the ES24 was sub-cloned into pET-30a expression vector. The recombinant vector that codes hexahistidyl peptide fusion protein (His-ES24) was transformed into Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) strain. After induction, a high expression level of His-ES24 was found at 6h taking about 26% of the total bacterial protein analyzed by gel thin-layer scanning. The expressed His-ES24 was purified and then used in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect specific antibodies in serum samples. The ELISA was able to differentiate between H. contortus-infected sheep serum and Fasciola hepatica-infected sheep serum or non-infected sheep serum. No cross-reaction was observed in sheep sera that have been experimentally infected with F. hepatica. A total of 153 field sheep serum samples conserved in our laboratory were examined using the His-ES24 ELISA, and 82 (53.6%) of them were found seropositive to H. contortus. Our results demonstrate that the prokaryotic-expressed His-ES24 might be a useful diagnostic reagent for epidemiological studies of H. contortus in sheep. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract A growing number of studies has suggested that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) exert essential roles in the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the roles of lncRNA and its molecular mechanism in HCC are largely unknown. In the present study, the functions and molecular mechanisms of a novel lncRNA, SET-binding factor 2 (SBF2) antisense RNA1 (SBF2-AS1), were investigated in HCC tissues and cell lines. We found that the expression levels of SBF2-AS1 were significantly up-regulated in HCC tissues and correlated with poor prognosis. SBF2-AS1 knockdown could inhibit the proliferation of HCC cells and attenuate the development of HCC tumor in vivo. Moreover, wound healing and Transwell assays revealed that down-regulation of SBF2-AS1 suppressed the migration and invasion of HCC cells by modulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) ability. Mechanistically, we observed that SBF2-AS1 served as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) of miR-140–5p. Subsequently, transforming growth factor beta receptor 1 (TGFBR1) was certified as a direct target of miR-140–5p and enforcing SBF2-AS1 expression elevated TGFBR1 expression in HCC. Taken together, our study suggested that SBF2-AS1 modulated TGFBR1 through sponging miR-140–5p in HCC development and progression indicating that SBF2-AS1 might be further chosen as a potential anticancer therapeutic target and a promising prognostic biomarker for HCC. Highlights • LncRNA SBF2-AS1 was overexpressed in HCC tissues and cell lines. • Up-regulation of lncRNA SBF2-AS1 was associated with poor clinical features and prognosis in HCC patients. • Knockdown of lncRNA SBF2-AS1 suppressed HCC progression by regulation of miR-140-5p-TGFBR1 pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thyroid hormone receptor interactor 13 (TRIP13) is an AAA + -ATPase that plays a key role in mitotic checkpoint complex inactivation and is associated with the progression of several cancers. However, its role in lung adenocarcinogenesis remains unknown. Here, we report that TRIP13 is highly overexpressed in multiple lung adenocarcinoma cell lines and tumor tissues. Clinically, TRIP13 expression is positively associated with tumor size, T-stage, and N-stage, and Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that heightened TRIP13 expression is associated with lower overall survival. TRIP13 promotes lung adenocarcinoma cell proliferation, clonogenicity, and migration while inhibiting apoptosis and G2/M phase shift in vitro. Accordingly, TRIP13-silenced xenograft tumors displayed significant growth inhibition in vivo. Bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that TRIP13 interacts with a protein network associated with dsDNA break repair and PI3K/Akt signaling. TRIP13 upregulatesAkt Ser473 and downregulatesAkt Thr308 /mTOR Ser2448 activity, which suppresses accurate dsDNA break repair. TRIP13 also downregulates pro-apoptotic Bad Ser136 and cleaved caspase-3 while upregulating survivin. In conclusion, heightened TRIP13 expression appears to promote lung adenocarcinoma tumor progression and displays potential as a therapeutic target or biomarker for lung adenocarcinoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to the randomization method, 82 patients can be divided into two groups, the control group and the study group, each with 41 patients participating in the investigation. All patients in the control group were cared for, and the study group used a health education model. The treatment mode of each group needs to adopt adherence, and it is necessary to maintain a healthy diet, smoking cessation and alcohol cessation, and regular review during the treatment of regular exercise and emotional regulation. To enable patients to accurately grasp health knowledge during treatment, score self-management ability (ESCA), and maintain a level of satisfaction with care. (1) In the study group, the standard treatment of patients directly reached 97.56%, regular review reached 95.12%, regular exercise reached 90.24%, the degree of smoking cessation reached 92.68%. (2) The mastery of disease and health knowledge in the first group (95.12%) was significantly higher than that of (78.05%) (P < 0.05). (3) After the intervention, the first group scored higher for self-responsibility (27.07 ± 3.15), self-awareness (25.59 ± 3.11), health knowledge (40.38 ± 4.54), and self-care skills (36.45 ± 3.19). (4) The nursing satisfaction level of the first group was (92.68%), which was significantly higher than that of the other group (75.61%). According to the conclusions, it can be shown that health education for tumor patients can improve patients' compliance with treatment and mastery of disease health knowledge, which is conducive to improving patients' self-management ability. • Health education for tumor patients can improve patients' compliance with treatment. • Omnimedia health education is a new intervention model. • Nanomedicine can improve the stability of the patient's loaded drug. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Three reverse transcription recombinase polymerase amplification assays with lateral flow dipsticks (RT-RPA-LFD) were developed for identification of the matrix and hemagglutinin (HA) genes to detect influenza A virus and distinguish subtypes H1 and H3. Assessment of the assays' specificity showed that there was no cross-reactivity with other targets. Their limits of detection were 123.6 copies per reaction for the matrix gene, 677.1 copies per reaction for the H1 HA gene, and 112.2 copies/reaction for the H3 HA gene. Of 111 samples tested by RT-RPA-LFD assays, 27 were positive for influenza A virus, 14 were positive for H1, and 10 were positive for H3. Compared to the results obtained from real-time RT-PCR assays, the sensitivity of RT-RPA-LFD assays was 75%, 93.33% and 71.43% for the matrix, H1, and H3, with 100% specificity. The sensitivity of RT-RPA-LFD assays is lower than that of real-time RT-PCR, comparable or better than that of conventional RT-PCR, and much better than that of RIDTs. In conclusion, these assays offer an efficient and reliable tool for identification and subtyping of influenza A virus (subtype H1 and H3) in the resource-limited setting. Highlights • Three RT-RPA-LFD assays are developed for the detection and subtyping of influenza A virus. • RT-RPA-LFD assays used for the detection of influenza A virus is rapid and sensitive. • The results from RT-RPA-LFD assays are in a good agreement with those from real-time RT-PCR assays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To reduce the size of Ni(OH) 2 aggregates is an effective way to improve their capacitive performance for the electrodes of supercapacitors. The ultrasmall Ni(OH) 2 aggregates (1–2 nm) on active carbon (AC) can be obtained by depositing the soluble precursor of Ni(OH) 2 on AC at low temperature. The Ni(OH) 2 /AC samples were characterized by SEM, TEM, XRD and XPS. The specific capacitance of ultrasmall Ni(OH) 2 aggregates in the Ni(OH) 2 /AC composite can reach 2949 F g −1 at a scan rate of 20 mV s −1 , which is higher than its theoretical specific capacitance (2382 F g −1 ). Ni(OH) 2 aggregates supported on carbon cloth can also exhibit superior specific capacitance as a bind-free flexible electrode. The capacitive, rate and cycling performance of ultrasmall Ni(OH) 2 aggregates on AC are excellent, revealing the great potential of ultrasmall sized materials in energy storage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

αB-crystallin acts as an anti-apoptosis protein in human lens epithelial (HLE) cells. We recently identified a missense mutation in αB-crystallin that changes proline 20 to an arginine (P20R) in a Chinese family with autosomal dominant congenital posterior polar cataract. The impact of the P20R mutation on the anti-apoptosis function remains unclear. To explore the anti-apoptotic activity of αB-crystallin wild type (αB-wt) and its P20R mutant under oxidative stress, HLE cells were transfected with αB-wt and αB-P20R constructs and expression was measured by western blotting. Flow cytometry and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP digoxigenin nick end-labelling (TUNEL) staining were performed to investigate apoptosis. We found that αB-wt performed a dominant role in inhibiting stress-induced apoptosis, but this function was impeded in cells expressing αB-P20R. The P20R mutant of αB-crystallin exhibits diminished anti-apoptotic activity compared with the native protein. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The lack of treatment systems for pollutants in family-livestock and poultry sites results in large amounts of untreated manure and urine being directly discharged to environment. The risks from veterinary antibiotic (VA) and heavy metal (HM) exposure in the rural environment require further research. In this investigation, 221 samples (feed, manure, surface soil, soil profiles, water, and plant) were collected from 41 livestock and poultry farms (swine, chichen, and cattle). Copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), oxytetracycline (OTC), and enrofloxacin (ENR) were frequently detected in the samples. Metals and VAs in sandy loam soils were more inclined to migrate to deep layers than those in loam soils. Copper and Zn in the polluted soils mainly existed in available forms, which facilitated their migration to deep soil layers. In this study, OTC was also observed to migrate more easily to deeper soil layers than ENR due to its relatively high pKa value. Eighteen antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and 5 metal resistance genes (MRGs) along with one mobile genetic element (MGE) occurred in the soils at 80 cm depth. Luteimonas , Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 , and Rhodanobacter were dominant genera detected in the soil samples from different sites, which might increase migration of ARGs or degradation of VAs. An ecological risk assessment suggested that VAs posed threats to the growth of Triticum aestivum L, Cucumis sativus L, and Brassiaca chinensis L. Remediation techniques including biochar/modified biochar, anaerobic digestion, and manure composting should be developed urgently for joint HM and VA pollution. [Display omitted] • Forty-one farmhouses were surveyed for heavy metals and antibiotics. • Antibiotics and resistance genes migrated in soils at depths of 0–80 cm. • Accumulation of antibiotics could be higher than their dissipation. • Heavy metals and antibiotics may induce similarities in microbial communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Our previous studies demonstrated that prenatal caffeine exposure causes intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), fetuses are over-exposed to high levels of maternal glucocorticoids (GC), and intrauterine metabolic programming and associated metabonome alteration that may be GC-mediated. However, whether maternal metabonomes would be altered and relevant metabolite variations might mediate the development of IUGR remained unknown. In the present studies, we examined the dose- and time-effects of caffeine on maternal metabonome, and tried to clarify the potential roles of maternal GCs and metabonome changes in the metabolic programming of caffeine-induced IUGR. Pregnant rats were treated with caffeine (0, 20, 60 or 180mg/kg·d) from gestational days (GD) 11 to 20, or 180mg/kg·d caffeine from GD9. Metabonomes of maternal plasma on GD20 in the dose–effect study and on GD11, 14 and 17 in the time–course study were analyzed by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, respectively. Caffeine administration reduced maternal weight gains and elevated both maternal and fetal corticosterone (CORT) levels. A negative correlation between maternal/fetal CORT levels and fetal bodyweight was observed. The maternal metabonome alterations included attenuated metabolism of carbohydrates, enhanced lipolysis and protein breakdown, and amino acid accumulation, suggesting GC-associated metabolic effects. GC-associated metabolite variations (α/β-glucoses, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, β-hydroxybutyrate) were observed early following caffeine administration. In conclusion, prenatal caffeine exposure induced maternal GC elevation and metabonome alteration, and maternal GC and relevant discriminatory metabolites might be involved in the metabolic programming of caffeine-induced IUGR. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Twist, a newly found EMT-inducer, has been reported to be up-regulated in those of diffuse-type gastric carcinomas with high N-cadherin level. We show here MKN45, a cell line derived from undifferentiated carcinomas cells, expresses high levels of Twist. Down-regulation of Twist, using an antisense Twist vector in MKN45 cells, inhibits cell migration and invasion, companied with a morphologic changes associated with MET. Suppression of Twist also decreases the expressions of N-cadherin and fibronectin, but not of E-cadherin in MKN45. In contrast, overexpression of Twist in MKN28, a cell line derived from moderate differentiated carcinomas, results in up-regulation of N-cadherin and fibronectin, companied with down-regulation of E-cadherin. Taken together, our results suggest that Twist regulates cell motility and invasion in gastric cancer cell lines, probably through the N-cadherin and fibronectin production. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]