1. Scalable Low-Cost Fabrication of Disposable Paper Sensors for DNA Detection
- Author
-
Dennis Nordlund, M. Meyyappan, Vivek Jayan, Jessica E. Koehne, and Ram P. Gandhiraman
- Subjects
Paper ,Materials science ,Fabrication ,Molecular Sequence Data ,Nanotechnology ,Biosensing Techniques ,02 engineering and technology ,Chemical vapor deposition ,010402 general chemistry ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,01 natural sciences ,X-ray absorption ,NEXAFS ,Deposition (phase transition) ,General Materials Science ,Sensitivity (control systems) ,Disposable Equipment ,Absorption (electromagnetic radiation) ,Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ,DNA detection ,cellulose functionalization ,Base Sequence ,Reproducibility of Results ,DNA ,Equipment Design ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Chip ,paper sensors ,0104 chemical sciences ,Equipment Failure Analysis ,Systems Integration ,Surface modification ,0210 nano-technology ,Biosensor ,Research Article - Abstract
Controlled integration of features that enhance the analytical performance of a sensor chip is a challenging task in the development of paper sensors. A critical issue in the fabrication of low-cost biosensor chips is the activation of the device surface in a reliable and controllable manner compatible with large-scale production. Here, we report stable, well-adherent, and repeatable site-selective deposition of bioreactive amine functionalities and biorepellant polyethylene glycol-like (PEG) functionalities on paper sensors by aerosol-assisted, atmospheric-pressure, plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition. This approach requires only 20 s of deposition time, compared to previous reports on cellulose functionalization, which takes hours. A detailed analysis of the near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) and its sensitivity to the local electronic structure of the carbon and nitrogen functionalities. σ*, π*, and Rydberg transitions in C and N K-edges are presented. Application of the plasma-processed paper sensors in DNA detection is also demonstrated.
- Published
- 2014