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The authors discuss the U.S. government's decision to impose tariffs on coated-paper imports from China. They argue that the tariffs benefit U.S. private equity investors. The paper manufacturers that brought the complaint is owned by a large U.S. private equity group. They say the government action raises obvious questions about the political influence of private investment firms.

Turning a blind eye to the nature of the economic structure and the stage of development in China and the US, as well as the reality of the international industrial division of labor, the US insists that China's "unfair" and non reciprocal" trade policies have created a trade deficit in bilateral commercial exchanges that constitutes "being taken advantage of", leading to unilateral imposition of additional tariffs on China. In the ensuing 90 days, the working teams of China and the US held three rounds of high level consultations in Beijing and Washington D.C., reaching preliminary consensus on many matters of principle for the China US economic and trade deal. Despite China's fierce opposition, the US raised the additional tariffs on US$200 billion of Chinese exports t o the US from 10 percent to 25 percent, which represented a serious setback to the economic and trade consultations. [Extracted from the article]

(Bloomberg) -- China's government wants tariffs to be rolled back as part of the phase one trade deal with the U.S., Global Times said in a tweet on Sunday, citing unidentified people in Beijing. The paper was making reference to its report that cited an unnamed expert who said the Washington shouldn't push Beijing to commit on specific agricultural purchase amounts in the first phase of the trade deal. [Extracted from the article]

China to "Walk the Talk" on Retaliatory Measures: People's Daily China will follow through on retaliatory measures announced Friday and fight the trade war to the end, in the face of the U.S.'s failure to keep promises, the state-run People's Daily wrote in a Saturday editorial. China has been forced to adopt such countermeasures against the U.S.'s unilateralism and trade protectionism, the paper said, adding that the U.S. has been erratic in lashing tariffs on China and has shown "amnesia" in honoring its promises. [Extracted from the article]

The article focuses on anti-free-trade rhetoric from U.S. Presidential candidates Donald Trump and Bernie Sanders and the impact free trade has had on the U.S. labor force. It states a paper from David Autor, David Dorn and Gordon Hanson found Chinese imports resulted in around 2.4 million U.S. jobs being lost from 1999 to 2011, with slow job growth preventing them from finding jobs in other sectors. It suggests that next U.S. President will not be able to demand new terms from trading partners.

This section offers news briefs on international business as of November 25, 1931. The 2 percent import tax to be added to present duties in France will not be applied to raw materials but will be increased to 4 percent on semi-manufactures and to 6 percent on manufactures. There has been an increase in demand for larger imports and dollar exchange in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Buenos Aires, Argentina, and Montevideo, Uruguay. Japanese goods are being boycotted in China.

This section offers international business news briefs. Japan announced that it will open a central bank in Peking, China which will lay the groundwork for monetary reform in all of China under Japanese occupation. The provincial government of Quebec has purchased a gold mine to be used as a practical training school for young miners. English River Pulp Co. will start construction of a large pulp and paper plant in Northern Ontario.

The article analyzes the possible impact of the Japanese government's enactment of a law that empowers the government to take over business during an emergency such as war. The law is of interest to the U.S. because of the substantial flow of U.S. goods to Japan and the similarity of the law to U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt's emergency-power proposal. The law also affects Japan's trade relations with China.

The experimental drug has not yet been approved for use by any drug regulator in the world but is being used on patients battling the new virus in the absence of approved treatment options, Gilead said in a statement last week. China's health regulator has also recommended AbbVie Inc's HIV medicine Kaletra as an ad-hoc antiviral drug for coronavirus. [Extracted from the article]

The experimental drug has not yet been approved for use by any drug regulator in the world but is being used on patients battling the new virus in the absence of approved treatment options, Gilead said in a statement last week. China's health regulator has also recommended AbbVie Inc's HIV medicine Kaletra as an ad-hoc antiviral drug for coronavirus. [Extracted from the article]

This article discusses a growth in China's trade market and its effects on the global economy. Since entering the World Trade Organization in 2001 China has made strides in liberalizing its economy and has signed significant trading deals with the U.S, reducing the U.S.'s trade deficit. However, some American executives are concerned about China's refusal to revalue its currency, its weak enforcement of rampant piracy, and its continued use of weak credit to boost favored industries. INSET: Little Leverage.

Examines the global counterfeit business. Perception that the industry is out of control; Examples of counterfeit products on the market; Concerns of multinational companies; Scale of the threat; Efforts by multinationals to stop the spread of counterfeits; Suggestion that China is key to any solution; Difficulties slowing down counterfeiters; How the global counterfeit industry is starting to rival multinationals in speed, reach and sophistication; Diversification of sourcing and manufacturing across borders by counterfeiters; How the goods end up in the legitimate supply chain; Profits; Challenges getting cooperation from China; Legal sanctions; Counterfeiting's connection to organized crime. INSETS: THE GLOBAL COUNTERFEIT INDUSTRY...;...AND THE KEY STEPS TO FAKING IT.

Discusses why U.S. manufacturers should worry about competition from China. Impact of Chinese imports on American manufacturing; Concerns of manufacturers and workers over China's low wages and high technology; Signs of a possible massive shift in economic power; Dispute over the economic relationship between the U.S. and China; Issue of outsourcing; Question of America's huge trade deficit; Observation that U.S. companies are no longer investing in new capacity at home; China's enormous domestic market and expansion of their export base; China's competitive advantages; How key elements of the U.S. industrial base are eroding; Areas where the Chinese have huge ambitions, including digital technologies. INSETS: THE CHINA CHALLENGE;THE CHINA PRICE.

"We don't pay any tariffs", says Yuan, whose company Dakang Holdings Co. sells about half its products to the U.S., including to Walmart Inc. and Costco Wholesale Corp. An International Monetary Fund blog in May co-authored by chief economist Gita Gopinath concluded that "consumers in the U.S. and China are unequivocally the losers from trade tensions.". [Extracted from the article]

China Targets FedEx in "Warning" to U.S. as Blame Game Escalates China says trade war hasn't "made America great again" China targeted FedEx Corp. in its escalating trade war with the U.S., giving a hint of the kind of foreign companies it may blacklist as "unreliable". [Extracted from the article]

The EU is China's No. 1 trade partner, while the Chinese market is the second biggest for exports from the bloc after the U.S. While pressing China to cut industrial subsidies and open up more to foreign investment, Europe is resisting protectionism by Trump and wary of his trade war against Beijing. [Extracted from the article]

Dozen nations say EU's post-Brexit plan leaves them worse off Though WTO members cannot force the EU and the U.K. to provide market concessions they can block certification of their schedule of concessions and launch WTO dispute settlement proceedings into the matter. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses the role of an aluminum tariff in a U.S. trade war with China begun by U.S. President Donald Trump. Topics include the impact of the tariff on the U.S. aluminum industry and the firm Century Aluminum, the impact of aluminum stockpiles on the industry, and the alleged violation of World Trade Organization (WTO) rules in China's industrial policy.

The article offers an update on international trade as of October 1931. Currency hoarding and political issues are a cause of concern throughout Europe. The French business community is showing a lack of confidence in the U.S., Germany and England as it foresees financial and political crises in these countries. The trade relations between Japan and China are being affected by various factors including flood and famine in China and the claim by Japan that the Chinese government is responsible for anti-Japanese movements.

This section offers news briefs on business and politics in countries other than the U.S. as of March 1938. The Japanese government announced that China is establishing an autonomous state in Central China with Nanking as capital. The signing of a new trade pact between Great Britain and Italy signals the possibility of a more significant agreement between the two countries. Great Britain bought Soviet goods worth 113 million U.S. dollars and sold goods worth 40 million U.S. dollars to Russia in 1937.

The article discusses the effects of antibiotics overuse on seafood harvested in China. Topics include the use of antibiotics in animal feed, the development of antibiotics resistance bacteria in relation to seafood imported to the U.S. from Southeast Asia, and the use of antibiotics in Chinese aquaculture. Also addressed are the role of the firm American Fisheries in purported illegal import practices, U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) oversight of seafood imports, and the use of shipment through Malaysia by Chinese firms exporting shrimp.

The article discusses China's focus on agricultural development as the centerpiece of the economic growth plan outlined by Premier Hua Kuo-feng. China's modernization program provides opportunity for U.S. trade with the country because a massive conversion from manual to mechanized farming would boost farm imports and increase demand for farm equipment. American businessmen are also likely to compete with the Japanese and Europeans in nonagricultural equipment and many areas of manufacturing.

The article focuses on the political battle in the United States to extend the most-favored-nation (MFN) trade status for another year to China. The demand to review the most drawn-out and heated battle over China policy in Washington since Tiananmen Square enraged the U.S. Congress in 1989. The debate is complicated by the suspected Chinese link to Donorgate, the July 1, 1997 transfer of Hong Kong to Chinese rule, a steadily worsening trade deficit, and recent confirmation of Beijing's sales of missile and chemical-weapons technology to Iran. Also, an anti-MFN coalition of Christian conservatives, the AFL-CIO, and human rights activists has won dozens of converts on the Hill.

The article focuses on the international trade between the Communist countries and non-communist countries, and the U.S. diplomacy towards this trade. It states that the increasing trade volume between Communist and non-communist countries is a major diplomatic and political concern for the U.S. However, the U.S. is facing both criticism and pressure to increase trade with Communist regions, including China and Soviet Union.

The article offers information on the economic problems of China. It states that the country is facing a stagnation in world trade due to the civil war, political crises and corruption. Moreover, the five-year program proposed by the defunct Central Planning Board of the Supreme National Defense Council calls for 14 billion dollars in expenditures.

Vice Finance Minister Zhu Guangyao said fiscal stimulus should be deployed to boost global growth, while Yi Gang, the deputy central bank governor, said China will maintain a relatively stable currency as it embraces market forces. "Despite depreciation pressures, we expect China will likely pursue a relatively stable RMB exchange rate against the basket, with opportunistic and modest depreciation against the U.S. dollar", she wrote, referring to the abbreviated term for renminbi, another name for the yuan. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses how U.S. computer companies are expanding their personal computer (PC) rivalries to China. Both Hewlett Packard (HP) and Dell are bringing their computers to China to capitalize on the $19 billion market. The companies are tailoring their marketing to Chinese audiences. Dell opened three "customer experience" centers in China for PC buyers to test drive their products.

The article comments on Western businessmen's large-scale trade with China. It contends that such trade will not be fulfilled for a long time because the Chinese cannot afford the economic expansion program. It adds that its leaders see that their administrative systems will have to be altered to allow rapid foreign trade growth. Many experts in China also doubt that the Chinese now have the managers and technicians needed for the economic development program they have started.

The article comments on the positive outcome of the 10-day visit to China of U.S. Agriculture Secretary Bob Bergland, which was seen as a trading and foreign relations success of the administration of President Jimmy Carter. The U.S. and China agreed to a total of 110 million dollars' worth of agricultural products and materials which is said to be a sign of China's increasing openness to the offers of the U.S. for trade. Also discussed is how China's need to feed its growing population requires it to seek viable export markets overseas.

The article focuses on the impact of political struggle which shows the economic policy differences between former Premier Chou En-lai and the supporters of Chairman Mao Tse-tung in the foreign trade of China. It states that the industrial development and trading opportunities could be haltered by the appointment of Hua Kuo-feng as acting premier in February 1976. Moreover, the purchases of capital goods are at risk including British aircraft, French trucks, and U.S. oil exploration technology.

The article discusses the trading activities of Japan after the war as it hopes to regain its position in international trade. Japan's best customer before the war started has been China but since there is a ban on Chinese trade, Tokyo businessmen are putting pressure on the Japanese government to end it. Businessmen are stating that there had been a drop in trade since the embargo imposed by the U.S. in December 1950, from 19.6 million U.S. dollars a year worth of China trade to 20,000 U.S. dollars in April 1952.

The article focuses on the economic condition of China. The Chinese budget for 1950 earmarked 38.8 percent for the military, a deficit of 11.5% was to be covered with press money. The end of trade with the U.S. had added to the financial woes of China. China has to depend on trade with the non-Communist world for much of the materials and equipment for its war industry.

The article offers information on the problems being faced by Japan since its trade agreement with the U.S. lapsed on January 26, 1940. As stated, the Japanese government is resenting the loan of 20,000,000 dollars provided to China from the U.S. Export-Import Bank. Moreover, Germany's trade with China has led to another set back for Japan as the German machinery is no longer available to it.

The article reports on the interest of China in engaging in foreign trade with the U.S. in 1972. In February, an executive of a commodity company in the U.S. had a meeting with Bank of China officials about trade. On June 10, 1971, U.S. President Richard M. Nixon decided to lift the ban on trade with China.

The article reports on the growth of Russia's nonferrous metals industry and its prospects for exports. Russian is expected to start exporting copper, nickel, manganese and lead to China under its five-year expansion program. Russia has developed its copper center in Kazakhstan, copper smelter operations in the Urals and its aluminum plants in several areas. Russia is also developing and expanding plants for the production of platinum, molybdenum and tin.

The article reports that American businessmen are gearing up for trade with mainland China under the administration of U.S. president Richard Nixon. The businessmen are eager to sell to China because of its huge market despite the displeasure of Taiwan. The products they are hoping China would buy include reconditioned passenger jets, feed grains, and construction supplies. However, they anticipate financing problems and hope that lines of credit will become available when trade with China happens.

President Donald Trump signed off on a phase-one trade deal with China, averting the Dec. 15 introduction of a new wave of U.S. tariffs on about $160 billion of consumer goods from the Asian nation, according to people familiar with the matter. On Thursday, Trump tweeted that the U.S. and China are "VERY close" to signing a "BIG" trade deal, also sending equities higher. [Extracted from the article]

With a deadline for higher U.S. tariffs on Chinese goods just a few days away, the Communist Party apparatchiks are just as much in the dark about how the trade war will pan out as everyone else. China might like this route because it satisfies Trump's wish for a big number to tout in tariff-weary farm country but would leave the tougher, structural reforms to later rounds of talks. [Extracted from the article]

The Trump administration has so far not sent a clear signal on its willingness to agree to a delay on tariffs set to take effect on Dec. 15 on a list comprising some $160 billion of imports from China including consumer items like smartphones and toys. "The reality is that those tariffs are still on the table", Kudlow said, though he added that Trump has struck a "constructive and optimistic tone" on China. [Extracted from the article]

"The reality is that those tariffs are still on the table", Kudlow said, though he added that Trump has struck a "constructive and optimistic tone" on China. U.S. farmers have been one of the constituencies hit hardest by Trump's trade war with China with the administration rolling out some $28 billion in farm aid over the past two years to offset losses due to lost exports of soybeans and other commodities. [Extracted from the article]

"The reality is that those tariffs are still on the table", Kudlow said, though he added that Trump has struck a "constructive and optimistic tone" on China. "By delaying a final settlement, the increasingly hawkish tone on China in Washington D.C. will narrow the possibility of a politically acceptable trade deal here in the U.S.", he said. [Extracted from the article]

The U.S. has added a 25% duty on about $250 billion of Chinese products and a 15% levy on another $110 billion of its imports over the course of a 20-month trade war. As China continues to increase agricultural purchases from the U.S., officials are also still wrangling over the provisions for future buying in the agreement. [Extracted from the article]

The Trump administration has so far not sent a clear signal on its willingness to agree to a delay on tariffs set to take effect on Dec. 15 on a list comprising some $160 billion of imports from China including consumer items like smartphones and toys. "The reality is that those tariffs are still on the table", Kudlow said, though he added that Trump has struck a "constructive and optimistic tone" on China. [Extracted from the article]

"The reality is that those tariffs are still on the table", Kudlow said, though he added that Trump has struck a "constructive and optimistic tone" on China. U.S. farmers have been one of the constituencies hit hardest by Trump's trade war with China with the administration rolling out some $28 billion in farm aid over the past two years to offset losses due to lost exports of soybeans and other commodities. [Extracted from the article]

"The reality is that those tariffs are still on the table", Kudlow said, though he added that Trump has struck a "constructive and optimistic tone" on China. "By delaying a final settlement, the increasingly hawkish tone on China in Washington D.C. will narrow the possibility of a politically acceptable trade deal here in the U.S.", he said. [Extracted from the article]

President Donald Trump on Sunday told reporters at the White House that a trade agreement, if one is completed, would be signed somewhere in the U.S. "First of all I want to get the deal", he said after returning for a trip to New York City. Ross also defended the U.S.'s engagement in Asia after Trump skipped the Asean meetings for the second straight year. [Extracted from the article]

President Donald Trump on Sunday told reporters at the White House that a trade agreement, if one is completed, would be signed somewhere in the U.S. "First of all I want to get the deal", he said after returning for a trip to New York City. Ross also defended the U.S.'s engagement in Asia after Trump skipped the Asean meetings for the second straight year. [Extracted from the article]