1. Immunogenicity of standard and extended dosing intervals of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine
- Author
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Rebecca P. Payne, Stephanie Longet, James A. Austin, Donal T. Skelly, Wanwisa Dejnirattisai, Sandra Adele, Naomi Meardon, Sian Faustini, Saly Al-Taei, Shona C. Moore, Tom Tipton, Luisa M. Hering, Adrienn Angyal, Rebecca Brown, Alexander R. Nicols, Natalie Gillson, Susan L. Dobson, Ali Amini, Piyada Supasa, Andrew Cross, Alice Bridges-Webb, Laura Silva Reyes, Aline Linder, Gurjinder Sandhar, Jonathan A. Kilby, Jessica K. Tyerman, Thomas Altmann, Hailey Hornsby, Rachel Whitham, Eloise Phillips, Tom Malone, Alexander Hargreaves, Adrian Shields, Ayoub Saei, Sarah Foulkes, Lizzie Stafford, Sile Johnson, Daniel G. Wootton, Christopher P. Conlon, Katie Jeffery, Philippa C. Matthews, John Frater, Alexandra S. Deeks, Andrew J. Pollard, Anthony Brown, Sarah L. Rowland-Jones, Juthathip Mongkolsapaya, Eleanor Barnes, Susan Hopkins, Victoria Hall, Christina Dold, Christopher J.A. Duncan, Alex Richter, Miles Carroll, Gavin Screaton, Thushan I. de Silva, Lance Turtle, Paul Klenerman, Susanna Dunachie, Hibatullah Abuelgasim, Emily Adland, Syed Adlou, Hossain Delowar Akther, Ahmed Alhussni, Mohammad Ali, M. Azim Ansari, Carolina V. Arancibia-Cárcamo, Martin Bayley, Helen Brown, Jeremy Chalk, Meera Chand, Anu Chawla, Senthil Chinnakannan, Joseph Cutteridge, Catherine de Lara, Lucy Denly, Ben Diffey, Stavros Dimitriadis, Thomas M. Drake, Timothy Donnison, Maeva Dupont, David Eyre, Alex Fairman, Siobhan Gardiner, Javier Gilbert-Jarmillo, Philip Goulder, Carl-Philipp Hackstein, Sophie Hambleton, Muzlifah Haniffa, Jenny Haworth, Jennifer Holmes, Emily Horner, Anni Jämsén, Chris Jones, Mwila Kasanyinga, Sinead Kelly, Rosemary Kirk, Michael L. Knight, Allan Lawrie, Lian Lee, Lauren Lett, Katy Lillie, Nicholas Lim, Hema Mehta, Alexander J. Mentzer, Denise O’Donnell, Ane Ogbe, Matthew Pace, Brendan A.I. Payne, Gareth Platt, Sonia Poolan, Nicholas Provine, Narayan Ramamurthy, Nichola Robinson, Leigh Romaniuk, Patpong Rongkard, Oliver L. Sampson, Beatrice Simmons, Jarmila S. Spegarova, Emily Stephenson, Kris Subramaniam, James Thaventhiran, Sarah Thomas, Simon Travis, Stephanie Tucker, Helena Turton, Adam Watson, Lisa Watson, Esme Weeks, Robert Wilson, Steven Wood, Rachel Wright, Huiyuan Xiao, Amira A.T. Zawia, and Consortium, PITCH
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,COVID-19 Vaccines ,T-Lymphocytes ,Population ,Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic ,Antibodies, Viral ,Article ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Young Adult ,Cross-Priming ,Immunity ,Ethnicity ,medicine ,Humans ,Dosing ,education ,Neutralizing antibody ,BNT162 Vaccine ,B cell ,Aged ,Vaccines, Synthetic ,education.field_of_study ,biology ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Immunogenicity ,COVID-19 ,Middle Aged ,Reference Standards ,Antibodies, Neutralizing ,Regimen ,Treatment Outcome ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Immunoglobulin G ,Immunology ,Linear Models ,biology.protein ,Female ,Antibody - Abstract
Extension of the interval between vaccine doses for the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine was introduced in the UK to accelerate population coverage with a single dose. At this time, trial data was lacking, and we addressed this in a study of UK healthcare workers. The first vaccine dose induced protection from infection from the circulating alpha (B.1.1.7) variant over several weeks. In a sub-study of 589 individuals, we show that this single dose induces SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody (NAb) responses and a sustained B and T cell response to spike protein. NAb levels were higher after the extended dosing interval (6-14 weeks) compared to the conventional 3-4 week regimen, accompanied by enrichment of CD4+ T cells expressing IL2. Prior SARS-CoV-2 infection amplified and accelerated the response. These data on dynamic cellular and humoral responses indicate that extension of the dosing interval is an effective, immunogenic protocol., After giving a primary dose, delaying administration of a second dose of BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine up to 6-14 weeks continues to provide strong protection and contributes to favorable antibody, B cell, and T cell responses.
- Published
- 2021