1. Probucol-Ursodeoxycholic Acid Otic Formulations: Stability and In Vitro Assessments for Hearing Loss Treatment.
- Author
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Ionescu CM, Kovacevic B, Jones MA, Wagle SR, Foster T, Mikov M, Mooranian A, and Al-Salami H
- Subjects
- Animals, Hearing Loss drug therapy, Hearing Loss chemically induced, Cell Survival drug effects, Hair Cells, Auditory drug effects, Hair Cells, Auditory metabolism, Cell Line, Drug Liberation, Mice, Cisplatin administration & dosage, Cisplatin pharmacology, Particle Size, Drug Compounding methods, Drug Carriers chemistry, Excipients chemistry, Probucol administration & dosage, Probucol chemistry, Probucol pharmacokinetics, Probucol pharmacology, Ursodeoxycholic Acid chemistry, Ursodeoxycholic Acid pharmacology, Ursodeoxycholic Acid administration & dosage, Drug Stability, Antioxidants pharmacology, Antioxidants administration & dosage, Antioxidants chemistry
- Abstract
Targeted drug delivery is an ongoing aspect of scientific research that is expanding through the design of micro- and nanoparticles. In this paper, we focus on spray dried microparticles as carriers for a repurposed lipophilic antioxidant (probucol). We characterise the microparticles and quantify probucol prior to assessing cytotoxicity on both control and cisplatin treated hair cells (known as House Ear Institute-Organ of Corti 1; HEI-OC1). The addition of water-soluble polymers to 2% β-cyclodextrin resulted in a stable probucol formulation. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) used as formulation excipient increases probucol miscibility and microparticle drug content. Formulation characterisations reveals spray drying results in spherical UDCA-drug microparticles with a mean size distribution of ∼5-12 μm. Probucol microparticles show stable short-term storage conditions accounting for only ∼10% loss over seven days. By mimicking cell culture conditions, both UDCA-probucol (67%) and probucol only (82%) microparticles show drug release in the initial two hours. Furthermore, probucol formulations with or without UDCA preserve cell viability and reduce cisplatin-induced oxidative stress. Mitochondrial bioenergetics results in lower basal respiration and non-mitochondrial respiration, with higher maximal respiration, spare capacity, ATP production and proton leak within cisplatin challenged UDCA-probucol groups. Overall, we present a facile method for incorporating lipophilic antioxidant carriers in polymer-based particles that are tolerated by HEI-OC1 cells and show stable drug release, sufficient in reducing cisplatin-induced reactive oxygen species accumulation., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Al-Salami H has been and is currently receiving funding from Beijing Nat-Med Biotechnology Co. Ltd. and Glanis PTY Ltd. All other authors have no completing interest to declare., (Copyright © 2024 American Pharmacists Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
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