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Graphical representation of fluorescence turn-on detection of BNP antigen-by-BNP specific antibody tagged gold nanoclusters – MoS 2 nanosheet nano couple. [Display omitted] • An easy and prompt method for the detection of heart failure biomarker was achieved with gold nanocluster / 2D MoS 2 nanosheets. • A stable fluorescence turn - on response was observed with the probe in presence of BNP in physiologically significant serum concentration levels. • The development of the probe and detection of BNP antigen can be achieved within minutes without any high-end instruments. • The probe exhibited a low detection limit of 0.165 pg/mL. In the context of elevated morbidity and mortality risk of heart failure (HF), the establishment of prompt and sensitive diagnosis of HF is vital. A nanostructured fluorescence immuno sensing probe was constructed out of noble metal nanoclusters / two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenide nano couple to target brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) antigen, a potential multi-utility heart failure biomarker. The green fluorescence of BNP-specific monoclonal antibody-conjugated gold nanoclusters was pre-quenched by a MoS 2 two-dimensional nanosheet, which is subsequently enhanced in the presence of BNP antigen via target-specific antigen–antibody interaction. The probe is free from interferences by other potentially interfering possible co-existing biomolecules and offers easy, low-cost linear detection of BNP in the concentration range 0 to 360.82 pg/mL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]