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In this paper, we study the initial boundary value problem for a cylindrical symmetry fluid–particle interaction system in three dimensions. The boundary layer phenomena is investigated when the shear viscosity μ = κ ρ β goes to zero. Furthermore, we establish the boundary layer thickness of the order O (κ α) for more general initial data when 0 < α < 1 2 and give the optimal boundary-layer thickness for the system with more general initial data. As a byproduct, this work improves the corresponding results in Yao et al. (2011) for isentropic compressible Navier–Stokes equations where 0 < α < 1 4 . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To develop a sensitive fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) for detecting Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) in Yoghurt. Five tracers with different lengths of bridge between the hapten molecule and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), fluoresceinthiocarbamyl ethylenediamine (EDF), fluoresceinthiocarbamyl hexylenediamine (HDF), were synthesized and their respective binding responses with anti-DIBP-specific antibody were evaluated. The physicochemical parameters were optimised for the FPIA. The FITC-labelled DIBP conjugate (DIBP-FITC) was found to be the optimal tracer for FPIA of Diisobutyl phthalate. The detection limit of DIBP, IC50 value and the working range were 0.82, 9.32 and 1.16–74.97 ng/mL, respectively; and the reaction time was only 5min. The average recovery from spiked Yoghurt samples was 77.80–115.60% which showed good reproducibility for FPIA. Thus, the developed FPIA method exhibited the potential for the rapid and accurate determination of DIBP in agricultural and environmental samples. Image 1 • A Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay method to quantify Diisobutyl phthalate in Yoghurt samples. • The methods could be selectively used for rapid screening of Diisobutyl phthalate in Yoghurt. • The new method has some referential significance for the control the content of plasticizer in food. • The method was suitable for daily test of a large number of samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The optimal management of the water-energy-food (WEF) nexus in cropland ecosystems (CEs) can help promote food security and resource sustainability. However, the intrinsic interactions among multisource energy, water, the yield-formation process, and the economic-environmental effect have not been systematically quantified and determined. This paper constructs a WEF-based cooperative optimization model in CEs under climate-change conditions, which is capable of reflecting the reciprocal transformations and coordinated interactions among light energy, thermal energy and biomass energy in CEs and of balancing the energy/water use efficiency, economy and environmental factors considering the biomass residue potential. The method is tested and implemented on the Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China. The results show that (1) a cooperative relationship between energy utilization efficiencies and economic benefits was identified. For example, if the utilization efficiencies of light and heat energy increase by 1%, the economic benefits increase by 13.59%, and the biomass energy production potential increases by 10.82%. (2) The aboveground residue can be reused in power generation, carbonization, anaerobic fermentation, feed preparation and sales applications to increase the economic benefits by 3.38%–20.70%. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of multiple renewable energy management and the bound with water and food production, promoting the sustainable development of agroecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we establish a new blowup criterion for the strong solution to the Cauchy problem of the three-dimensional compressible MHD system with vacuum. Specifically, we obtain the blowup criterion in terms of L t ∞ L x q 1 -norm of the density and L t ∞ L x 6 -norm of the magnetic field. This criterion is closer to the basic energy and hence is superior to all the previous criterions in terms of the density and the magnetic field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The optimal allocation of agricultural water rights is of great importance in promoting the efficient management of water resources in irrigation areas. In the process of agricultural water rights allocation, problems develop when the dynamics and uncertainties caused by changes in water cycle elements are ignored. To balance socioeconomic development and environmental protection, this study develops a model framework for evaluating and optimizing the synergistic management of agricultural water rights allocation trading under multiple uncertainties (AWRAS-TCME). The model is capable of reflecting the dynamic changes in meteorological and hydrological factors such as rainfall, evapotranspiration and runoff and quantitatively measures the synergistic effect of multidimensional objectives of the economy-society-resources-environment on water rights allocations and transactions. The AWRAS-TCME model integrates a two-level multiobjective nonlinear programming model and a projection tracking model into a framework to measure the fairness and economic benefits of water rights allocation based on an analysis of the sustainability of water rights prices in multiple dimensions, fully considering the influence of uncertainties in hydrological and social systems. The model was applied to an actual irrigation area, and the results showed that (1) total optimized water rights allocation was reduced by 4.7–20.9% at different levels of water supply and demand; (2) the total volume of water rights transfer among regions was increased by 4.8%−12.9%, and the trading volume of the water rights market was increased to account for 5%−16.2% of the total revenue; and (3) the optimal net income of water rights allocation was increased by 1.2%−3.3%, and the equity of water rights allocation was increased by 0.06–0.09. The developed model promotes the sustainable utilization of agricultural water resources in irrigated areas. • An evaluation-optimization system for agricultural water rights was constructed. • A two-level model for agricultural water rights allocation and trading was developed. • The joint influence of resource-socio-econ-eco-envir on water price was quantified. • The dynamics of the water cycle and natural-artificial uncertainty were considered. • The water-saving potential and economic performance were enhanced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: In this paper, we study the smoothness of the optimal exercise boundary (i.e. free boundary) of American-style arithmetic average Asian option with floating strike price in finite horizon case (i.e. parabolic case). Applying stochastic analysis the authors of [G. Peskir, N. Yus, On Asian options of American type, Exotic Option Pricing and Advanced Levy Models, Wiley, Eindhoven, 2004, pp. 217–235; G. Peskir, A. Shiryaev, Optimal stopping and free boundary problems, Lectures in Mathematics ETH Zurich, Birkhauser, 2006, pp. 416–436] proved that the optimal exercise boundary is a continuous and monotonic curve. Based on their results we prove that the optimal exercise boundary is infinitely differentiable using PDE method. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

• A multi-attribute group decision method based on the interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy set is proposed. • A sustainability evaluation of an agricultural water-land-energy-carbon nexus is provided. • Multidimensional indicators are combined through stability, coordinativity and connectivity. • The water, land, energy and carbon subsystems of the agricultural system are quantified based on dual uncertainty. • The model is shown to solve real-world relationship management problems. The interactions between agricultural subsystems, resource scarcity and ecological degradation increase the need for agricultural sustainability assessments in relation to water, land, energy and carbon emissions. In addition, uncertainties caused by natural factors and human activities complicate sustainability assessments. Therefore, this study proposes a regional agricultural sustainability assessment method based on the water-land-energy-carbon (WLEC) nexus system under high uncertainty. This method couples the interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy set (IVIFS) and multi-attribute group decision making (MAGDM) methods to quantitatively characterise and assess element management and corresponding relationships within the agricultural WLEC nexus system in a multidimensional manner. The paper is able to (1) clarify the role of the coupled agricultural "water-land-energy-carbon" nexus and (2) address the double ambiguity and uncertainty in the indicators and more objectively reflect the interval fluctuations of natural resources and social activities in both positive and negative scenarios. (3) Sustainability management of agricultural resources is carried out according to different regional conditions. The method was applied to Heilongjiang Province in northeast China, and the coupling of agricultural WLEC nexus system in 13 administrative regions of the study area was quantitatively analysed. The degree of agroecological sustainability from a multidimensional perspective is higher in Daxinganling and lower in the provincial capital, Harbin. The recommended range of groundwater use in the study area is [16%,28%] to ensure ecological sustainability when total agricultural output fluctuates between 285,395.18 and 404,495.33 billion yuan. This methodology helps policy makers understand the overall dynamics of agricultural sustainability in an environment of multiple uncertainties and gives suggestions for better assessing management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The binding of HBV polymerase (Pol) and the epsilon stem loop (ε) on the 5' terminal region of pgRNA is required for pgRNA packaging and HBV replication. Previous research has demonstrated that RNA binding motif protein 24 (RBM24) is involved in pgRNA packaging by mediating the interaction between HBV polymerase (Pol) and the ε element. Here, we demonstrate that RBM38 interacts with ε, pol, RBM24 and HBV core which mediate pgRNA packaging. RBM38 directly binds to the lower bulge of ε via RNA recognition submotifs (RNPs) and interacts with HBV Pol in an RNA-independent manner. RBM38 interacts with RBM24 and forms heterogeneous oligomers, which mediate Pol-ε binding and the formation of the Pol-RBM38/RBM24-ε complex. More important, RBM38 also binds to the HBV core via the C-terminal region (ARD domain), which facilitates the combination of Pol-ε with the HBV core protein. In conclusion, RBM38 facilitates the Pol-ε interaction and mediates Pol-ε in combining with the HBV core, triggering pgRNA packaging for reverse transcription and DNA synthesis. This study provides new insights into pgRNA encapsidation. • RBM38 binds to HBV ε element. • RBM38 interacts with HBV Pol, HBV core and RBM24 protein. • RBM38 accumulates with RBM24 and forms the heterology oligomerization. • RBM38 promotes Pol:ε binding and pgRNA packaging. • RBM38 assists Pol:ε complex to bind to core. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fluorescent sensor assay (FSA) was developed by using a fluorescein-labeled aptamer assembled onto Graphene oxide (GO) in order to determine β-lactamase in milk. Under optimal conditions, FSA indicated a detection range from 1 to 46 U/mL with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.5 U/mL ( R 2 = 0.999, n = 3). In addition, commercial milk samples tainted with β-lactamase were detected by the established FSA with a recovery rate between 96.04 and 119.67%. Additionally, the reliability and sensitivity of FSA was validated by enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) with a high correlation of 0.993. Thus, these data, combined with the ease and speed of the assay, suggest that the developed FSA may represent a promising method for monitoring β-lactamase contamination in milk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains an important public health problem worldwide. Covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) exhibits as an individual minichromosome and is the molecular basis of HBV infection persistence and antiviral treatment failure. In the current study, we demonstrated that histone deacetylase 11 (HDAC11) inhibits HBV transcription and replication in HBV-transfected Huh7 cells. By using an HBV in vitro infection system, HDAC11 was found to affect the transcriptional activity of cccDNA but did not affect cccDNA production. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays were utilized to analyze the epigenetic modifications of cccDNA. The results show that HDAC11 specifically reduced the acetylation level of cccDNA-bound histone H3 but did not affect that of histone H4. Furthermore, HDAC11 overexpression decreased the levels of cccDNA-bound acetylated H3K9 (H3K9ac) and H3K27 (H3K27ac). In conclusion, HDAC11 restricts HBV replication through epigenetic repression of cccDNA transcription. These findings reveal the novel role of HDAC11 in HBV infection, further broadening our knowledge regarding the functions of HDAC11 and the roles of HDACs in the epigenetic regulation of HBV cccDNA. • HDAC11 inhibits HBV transcription and replication in both HBV-transfected and -infected cells. • HDAC11 inhibits the transcription activity of cccDNA through deacetylating cccDNA-bound histone H3. • HDAC11 overexpression decreases the levels of cccDNA-bound acetylated H3K9 (H3K9ac) and H3K27 (H3K27ac). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]