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• The diatom assemblages are closely correlated with the environmental variables. • Three assemblages are distinguished with different hydrological characteristics. • Important for palaeoceanographic studies in the northern and middle Okinawa Trough. Determining the relationship between diatoms in surface sediments and the local sedimentary environment is important for paleoenvironmental reconstruction, including in marine settings. In this study, we used canonical correspondence analysis of 41 surface sediment samples from the northern and middle Okinawa Trough to analyze the relationship between diatom species and environmental variables. The principal results are as follows. (i) The diatom assemblages are closely correlated with the environmental variables, specifically, July sea surface salinity (SSS-Jul), February sea surface temperature (SST-Feb), and June sea surface temperature (SST-Jun). (ii) Three diatom assemblages are distinguished, representing environments with different hydrological characteristics. The high-temperature diatom assemblage may indicate a warm-water mass (the Kuroshio Current), and the polyhaline diatom assemblage can be used as an indicator of a high salinity water mass. The mixed diatom assemblage is associated with the warm-water masses of the Kuroshio Current, and shelf water masses with a low salinity and low temperature. (iii) The high-temperature and mixed diatom assemblages occur on the boundary of the continental shelf and Okinawa Trough, and are temperature sensitive; the high-temperature assemblage is located further upstream of the Kuroshio Current, indicating higher temperatures. Changes in the distribution of the polyhaline diatom assemblage within sediment cores can be regarded as an indicator of changes in water masses, and of possible salinity variations, in this area. These three assemblages are potentially important for future palaeoceanographic studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, a versatile multi-dentate 1,2-bis(pyridin-4-ylmethylene)hydrazine (L) ligand has been employed to construct three novel iron(II) coordination complexes, [Fe(L) 2 (NCS) 2 (H 2 O) 2 ]·2H 2 O ( 1 ), [Fe(L)(NCS) 2 (H 2 O) 2 ] ( 2 ) and {[Fe(L) 2 (NCS) 2 ]·2CH 3 OH} n ( 3 ) (NH 4 NCS = ammonium thiocyanate), which can be isolated under similar synthetic conditions, only different molar ratio of metal/ligand or different solvent systems are used. 1 is a mono-nuclear iron(II) coordination complex, and 2 is a one-dimensional (1D) iron(II) coordination complex, while 3 is a 2D micro-porous iron(II) framework with the channel dimensionality of 13.936(3) Å × 13.936(3) Å. PXRD patterns also confirm the purity of the bulky samples of 1 – 3 . For 1 – 3 , it represents the first example of solvent-induced drastic reversible dynamic conformation between different dimensional iron(II) coordination complexes 1 (0D), 2 (1D) and 3 (2D) (for 1 : water; for 2 : benzene; for 3 : methanol/acetone/acetonitrile), which are unambiguously confirmed by PXRD characterizations. Variable-temperature magnetic susceptibility data of 2 – 3 have been recorded in the 2–300 K temperature range, indicating weak antiferromagnetic interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel three-dimensional europium metal-organic framework (Eu-MOF), [Eu(L)(OAc)(DMA)] n ( 1 ), has been successfully obtained based on a newly designed ligand 4′-(3,5-dicarboxyphenyl)-4,2′:6′,4″-terpyridine (H 2 L). The structure of 1 was established by single crystal X-ray diffraction technique, and structure analysis shows that two Eu 3 + in 1 are 4-fold bridged by two η 1 :η 1 :μ 2 carboxylates from L 2 − and the other two η 1 :η 2 :μ 2 carboxylates from acetic acid, respectively. The binuclear [Eu 2 ] were further linked by L 2 − to form a 3D framework. The investigations on luminescent properties reveal that 1 can detect Al 3 + quickly with relatively high sensitivity and selectivity. More importantly, it displays high thermal and solvent stability. Additionally, a self-made fluorescence test paper fabricated based on 1 was used to detect Al 3 + in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The magnitude, direction and cause of precipitation changes across the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool (IPWP) during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) remain elusive. In particular, it is still inconclusive whether tropical or extra-tropical factors controlled such precipitation changes. Determining the spatio-temporal distribution of precipitation in the IPWP during the LGM is a valid strategy to address this issue, but the existing precipitation records are dominantly from maritime continents and marginal seas, with few data from pelagic oceans. In order to fill this gap, we analyzed the oxygen isotopic compositions of single Ethmodiscus rex diatom frustules (δ18O E. rex) from a sediment core (WPD-03) consisting of laminated diatom mats (LDMs) in the eastern Philippine Sea (EPS). δ18O E. rex was controlled mainly by sea-surface salinity variation and, thus, can reflect open-ocean precipitation changes across the IPWP. Our precipitation proxy records, in combination with existing published data, reveal spatial patterns of precipitation change that indicate overall drying across the IPWP during the LGM. Based on a comparison of paleoclimatic records with modeling results, we propose that extra-tropical factors (ice-sheet size) controlled precipitation variability in the IPWP during the LGM through a combination of zonal shifts of ENSO and meridional migration of the ITCZ. Strong aridity during the LGM prevented formation of a subsurface barrier layer and, hence, allowed accessing of sufficient nutrients to surface waters, stimulating blooms of E. rex and subsequent formation of LDMs in the IPWP. These findings suggest an important role for high-latitude climate in the tropical hydrological cycle during the LGM. • Proxy records for precipitation in the IPWP during the LGM were compiled. • First δ18O records of individual diatom species E. rex from IPWP were generated. • E. rex δ18O indicates reduced precipitation in Eastern Philippine Sea during LGM. • Spatial distribution patterns suggest overall drying over IPWP during LGM. • Increased ice-sheet size ultimate cause of intensified aridity over IPWP during LGM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three Ln–Na heterometallic 3D polymers based on sulfate anion, [LnNa(SO 4 ) 2 (H 2 O)] (Ln = Gd ( 1 ); Tb ( 2 ); Dy ( 3 )), were synthesized under hydrothermal conditions, which are the first examples of Ln–Na sulfates. These compounds crystallize in the trigonal P3 1 21 space group, and display a 6-connected sma topological structure with a Schäfli symbol of (4 10 ·6 5 ). The characteristic analyses reveal that compounds 1 – 3 display excellent thermal stability, and all exhibit antiferromagnetic interactions between the metal centers. The luminescent properties of 2 and 3 show the characteristic terbium and dysprosium luminescence. The strong luminescence in the green light ( 5 D 4 → 7 F 5 ) region for 2 and blue light ( 4 F 9/2 → 6 H 15/2 ) region for 3 indicate that they may be excellent candidates for green or blue fluorescent materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Several recent studies investigated the role of the miR-29 family in muscle development. However, only a few studies focused on chicken skeletal muscle. In the present study, cell cycle, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU), cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), and other assays indicated that miR-29b-1-5p can inhibit the proliferation of chicken primary myoblasts (CPMs); the western blot assay and immunofluorescence detection of MYHC demonstrated that miR-29b-1-5p can promote the differentiation of myoblasts. The functional enrichment analysis revealed that the target genes of miR-29b-1-5p may be involved in muscle tissue development, muscle organ development, and striated muscle tissue development, which are biological processes related to muscle development. The correlation analysis showed that these 6 genes, that is, ankyrin repeat domain 9 ( ANKRD9 ), lactate dehydrogenase A ( LDHA ), transcription factor 12 ( TCF12 ), FAT atypical cadherin 1 ( FAT1 ), lin-9 homolog ( LIN9 ), and integrin beta 3 binding protein ( ITGB3BP ), can be used as effective candidate target genes of miR-29b-1-5p. Moreover, miR-29b-1-5p inhibits the expression of ANKRD9 by directly binding the 3′UTR of ANKRD9. Overall, these data indicate that miR-29b-1-5p inhibits the proliferation of primary chicken myoblasts, stimulates their differentiation, and is involved in the process of muscle development and that its effective target gene is ANKRD9. This study identified the molecular mechanism of miR-29b-1-5p in chicken muscle development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Multi-channel visible and near-infrared (NIR) emission transitions originating from 4G5/2 emitting state of Sm3+ in cadmium-aluminum-silicate (CAS) glasses with maximum-phonon-energy of ∼980cm−1 have been investigated. Based on the measured absorption spectrum, the Judd–Ofelt parameters Ω t (t=2, 4, 6) are derived to be 2.87×10−20, 3.34×10−20 and 1.86×10−20 cm2, respectively. From the evaluated Judd–Ofelt parameters, the radiative parameters such as spontaneous emission probabilities (A rad), branching ratios (β), and radiative lifetime (τ rad) are obtained from the 4G5/2 excited level to different lower energy levels. The efficient visible and NIR transition emissions have been observed in the Sm3+ doped CAS glasses, and the maximum stimulated emission cross-sections (σ e-max) corresponding to emission peaks are calculated and demonstrated to lay in the same order of magnitude. The quantum efficiency of 4G5/2 level of Sm3+ has been derived to be 60%. Investigations on multi-channel radiative transition emissions originated from 4G5/2 level of Sm3+ in CAS glasses expose its potential applications in tunable laser, medical light source and NIR optoelectronic devices. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Three new nickel(II) complexes [Ni2(btec)(azopy)2(H2O)8]·2H2O (1), {[Ni(H2btec)(azopy)(H2O)2]·(azopy)} n (2) and {[Ni4(btec)2(azopy)3(H2O)10]·8H2O} n (3) (H4btec=1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid; azopy=4,4′-azobispyridine) have been synthesized by tuning the reaction temperature and the metal–ligand ratio. They were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and elemental analysis. 1 shows a binuclear structure, 2 exhibits a 2D grid, and 3 features an interesting 3D framework with (63)(4.62)(42.62.82) topology formed by two types of interlocked 2D layers. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The scatter of the variable load spectra is considered separately from the scatter of the aircraft structure to assess the safe-life of a fleet. Suppose the fatigue life under the specified load spectrum follows the log-normal distribution with a constant coefficient of variation, and the load spectra damage follows the log-normal distribution with a constant standard deviation, the theoretical distribution function of fatigue life of the fleet that accounts for the variability of the structure and the load spectrum is derived with the conditional probability model. Monte-Carlo simulation shows that the distribution of the fleet fatigue life can be described approximately by a log-normal distribution function, and the log expectation is the log mean life under variable load spectra and the variation equals the sum of the structural variation and the load spectra variation. The scatter factor method is then adopted to assess the safe-life. The scatter factor of the individual aircraft with definite load spectrum, as well as the scatter factor of the in-service fleet that takes the actual load scatter into consideration are listed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Under hydrothermal conditions using cis-butenedioic acid (H2L) and corresponding lead(II) salts, a three-dimensional (3D) lead(II) complex {[Pb2(L)(μ2-Cl)(μ3-Cl)]} n (1) containing 3D Pb–X–Pb (X=O and Cl) linkage has been isolated. 1 also represents a truly 3D hybrid luminescent lead(II) framework with I 3 O 0 type connectivity. Further analysis reveals that cis- and trans-conformations of butenedioic acid ligand greatly affect the lead(II) framework structure. Solid-state fluorescence spectrum of 1 exhibits the maximum emission peak at 379nm. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Two copper(II)–poly(pyrazolyl)methane complexes [Cu2(bpm)4(ta)](ClO4) 2 ·2H2O 1 and {[Cu2(tpm)2(ta)2]·H2O} n 2 (bpm=bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazolyl)methane, tpm=tris(pyrazolyl)methane, H2ta=terephthalic acid) were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR and UV–vis spectra. 1 is a binuclear complex, while 2 exhibits as a 1D zigzag coordination polymer. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Corticosteroid-releasing hormone (CRH) is a crucial neuroendocrine-immune factor regulating the immune response of Scylla paramamosain. To understand the regulatory mechanisms of CRH in S. paramamosain , the hemolymph of S. paramamosain with injection of CRH (1.5 ng/crab) at 24 h were chosen to perform proteomic analysis in this study. Furthermore, quantitative real-time PCR (RT-PCR) method was used to validate the accuracy of proteomic data at 24 h after CRH injection. The proteomic data showed that 255 DEPs were identified, in which 231 and 24 were up- or down-regulated, respectively. Besides, the results of enriched pathways showed that the DEPs were involved in signaling pathways, cellular immunity, humoral immunity and the response of immune related processes. These results revealed that CRH promoted the activation of signal transduction, regulated immune systems and antioxidation, and enhanced the immune related processes (such as protein synthesis, protein transport, carbohydrate mobilization and energy redistribution). These findings will benefit to foster the understanding on the effects of glucocorticoids on neuroendocrine-immune (NEI) networks of crustacean, and supply a substantial material and foundation for further researching of the NEI response. Corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) is a 41-amino acid neuropeptide and has been preliminarily studied in aquatic animals. CRH can regulate many important physiological activities comprising protein synthesis, energy metabolism, growth, breeding and behavior in fish, which play an important roles in neuroendocrine-immune (NEI) regulatory network of fish. The neuroendocrine system of crustacean has a primary research, that inspired by fish NEI network. Despite the research on the neuroendocrine system in crustacean has rapidly increased in recent years, our understanding of the regulation between neuroendocrine system and immune system in crustacean is still limited. The research on the strategy of NEI network in crustaceans becomes a significant issue. In the present study, the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) technology approach were applied to examine the NEI network of Scylla Paramamosain. control group and treatment group (CRH: 1.5 ng/crab) were settled for the iTRAQ experiment, and sampled at 24 h after CRH injection. The study aimed to gain knowledge on the immune response in Scylla Paramamosain after CRH injection and identify related differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) of the crab. The results of this study provide a preliminary resource for analysis the immune mechanism for crustaceans. In general, our work represents the first report of the utilization of the iTRAQ proteomics method for the study of NEI regulatory network in Scylla Paramamosain after CRH injection. We identified a number of DEPs involved in diverse pathways including immune signaling pathways, cellular immunity, humoral immunity, immune related process. These results demonstrated a very complex network involving immune and multiple related metabolic pathways in hemocytes of Scylla Paramamosain and will be of great value in understanding the crab neuroendocrine-immune immune mechanism. [Display omitted] • iTRAQ profiling in hemocytes of Scylla paramamosain after CRH injection. • 255 high quality proteins were differentially expressed after CRH injection. • Proteins related to immune response have a significant up or down regulation. • Some important differentially expressed proteins were verified via QPCR. • For a better understanding of immune mechanism of S. paramamosain after CRH injection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Increasing confining pressure inhibits the rate of permanent strain (ε p) of UGMs. • The ε p of stable specimens initially rapidly increases and then gradually stabilizes. • The model parameter that implies the rate of ε p is strongly correlated with η and w. • A probabilistic method was proposed to predict the development range of ε p. In this study, a series of large-scale cyclic triaxial tests with different water contents (w), confining pressures (σ 3), and dynamic deviatoric stresses (σ d) is performed to investigate the accumulative permanent strain (ε p) behavior of an unbound granular material (UGM) used in the construction of railway subgrade beds. Results indicate that an increase in confining pressure effectively inhibits the development rate of ε p , and the ε p behavior of stable specimens can be categorized into an initial rapidly increasing stage and a subsequent gradual stabilization stage, with different causes of material strain at each stage. The permanent strain accumulated from the first loading cycle, i.e., the model parameter a , demonstrates a power function relationship with the dynamic-static deviatoric stress ratio (η), and the model parameter b , which implies the increasing rate of ε p , is strongly correlated with η and w. A probabilistic method based on a semi-logarithmic prediction model and probabilistic failure theory is proposed to evaluate the development range of ε p of UGMs while considering the effects of the confining pressure, dynamic deviatoric stress, static failure deviatoric stress, and water content. Applications of the proposed method indicate that the developed probabilistic model can yield acceptable ε p predictions of UGMs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 hollow microspheres assembled by nanoparticles are successfully prepared via a process employing hydrothermal method and subsquent calcination. The washing times, which can significantly influence the adsorbed amount of Li + in the intermediate products, play an important role in the composition of the final hollow microspheres. The obtained hollow microspheres present a very stable reversible capacity of 173 mAh g −1 at 1 C. Furthermore, the Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 hollow microspheres could remain relatively high reversible capacities even at higher charge/discharge rates. The reversible capacities of approximately 168.3, 163.0, 156.6 and 152.4 mAh g −1 are obtained after 10 cycles at 2 C, 5 C, 10 C and 15 C, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A new dinuclear holmium(III) complex was synthesized. • The Ho(III) complex exhibit highly hydrogen-bonded supramolecular structure. • The Ho(III) complex display slow magnetic relaxation and proton-conducting behavior. Multifunctional magnetic-electrical materials are highly interesting, such as proton-conductive lanthanide single-ion magnets (SIMs). Herein, we reported the synthesis, crystal structure, magnetic and electrical properties of a bifunctional binuclear holmium(III) complex, [Ho 2 (H 2 dobdc)(H 2 O) 14 ]·(H 2 dobdc) 2 ·8H 2 O (Ho 2 , H 4 dobdc = 2,5-dioxodo-1,4-benzenedicarboxylate), which was constructed by a hydroxy‑functionalizd dicarboxybenzene and holmium(III) ions. Interestingly, single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis reveals a highly hydrogen-bonded supramolecular structure and highly oxygenated site were formed within the complex. Magnetic measurements indicate the complex exhibits filed-induced slow magnetic relaxation property. Additionally, the impedance spectroscopy measurements show the complex also exhibits humidity- and temperature-dependent proton conduction behaviour via the Grotthus mechanism. These results support a proton-conductive holmium(III) single-ion magnet of Ho 2. This work not only provides the first bifunctional HoIII complexes showing slow magnetic relaxation and proton-conducting behaviour but also a supramolecular way for advanced magnetic-electrical systems linking slow magnetic relaxation with unique proton conducting behaviour exploiting a possible cooperative behaviour. A dinuclear holmium(III) complex with a highly hydrogen-bonded supramolecular structure was reported to show field-induced slow magnetic relaxation and proton-conducting behavior. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Deciphering sedimentary provenance in the Okinawa Trough (OT) is vital for understanding the dispersal system from source to sink and the paleoenvironmental evolution in the East China Sea (ECS). Sources include the Huanghe, Changjiang, and Taiwan rivers, as well as the ECS shelf; however, there is controversy over which source has dominated sediment supply since the last deglaciation, and how the tidal currents, shelf circulation, and Kuroshio Current (KC) has controlled the sediment transport. Here, we present a high-resolution record of grain size and clay minerals over the last 14.3 kyrs in an AMS 14C dated piston core from the middle OT. We use these data to reconstruct changes in the KC, identify the provenance of fine-grained sediment, and unravel the impact of paleoenvironmental factors on these provenance changes. A grain size component of 15.6–31.3 μm was extracted to reconstruct the KC changes. These data show that the KC strengthened sharply until 10.2 ka, then kept strong and stable during the Holocene. Clay mineral assemblages indicate that the sediment was mainly derived from the ECS shelf between 14.3 and 8.6 ka, then from the Taiwan rivers after 8.6 ka. The shelf sediment was eroded and transported by intense tidal currents. Taiwan river sediment became the dominant source due to the development of Taiwan Warm Current rather than the strengthening of KC. The ratio of smectite and kaolinite to illite and chlorite content indicates that the sediment contribution from the Huanghe (old Huanghe delta) and Changjiang rivers increased from 7.6 to 5.0 ka and from 3.2 ka to the present. This increase is attributed to the strengthening of East Asian winter monsoon and the consequent intensification of cross-shelf circulation. • Sediment source changed from East China Sea shelf to Taiwan rivers at 8.6 ka. • Tidal reworking controls shelf sediment supply during the last deglaciation. • Taiwan Warm Current induces early Holocene provenance change rather than Kuroshio. • Winter monsoon enhances Huanghe and Changjiang supply at 7.6–5.0 ka and 3.2–0 ka. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Remotely operated vehicle (ROV) observations have recently revealed seep dolomite deposits covering the seafloor on Middle Dongsha of the South China Sea (SCS). Spurred by these findings, we studied the mineralogical and geochemical properties to examine the seep dolomite's origin, precipitation mechanism, and formation environment. These carbonates mainly comprise dolomite (from 64 to 84 wt%), followed by small amounts of calcite (from 1 to 3 wt%), locally containing magnesite (∼4 wt%), and goethite (∼14 wt%). Extensively developed mineralized cells containing high Mg and Ca contents found in chimneys imply that microbially-mediated processes probably participated in the reactivation of dolomite precipitation. The moderate and concentrated δ13C values (from −36.64 to −39.16‰, V-PDB) indicated that the carbon in carbonates was mainly derived from thermogenic methane. The methane fluids most likely ascended beneath the volcaniclastic unit and inherited enriched positive Eu anomalies due to fluid–rock interactions during their seepage along tectonic faults to the seafloor. The δ18O values (4.2–4.8‰, V-PDB) of carbonate suggested that an 18O-depleted fluid was involved in carbonate precipitation. The high total Rare-Earth Element contents (ΣREE) of seep carbonates varied from 61 ppm to 92 ppm, reflecting the chemical composition of surrounding pore waters at the time of carbonate precipitation, exhibiting less mixing with seawater. It may also indicate higher alkalinity and pH of the pore water. Although the sea-like REE patterns (HREE-enriched, negative Ce anomalies) are not caused by seawater, they may be due to the complexation competition between humic acid (HA) and carbonate for REE at high pore-water alkalinity and high CO 3 2− concentrations. This is consistent with the dolomite chimney pointing toward a formation environment in relatively deep sediments, in particular, close to the sulfate-methane interface in sediments, where the bicarbonate concentration reaches its maximum due to AOM. Moderate Mo and no U enrichments appeared in the carbonates, suggesting a relatively lower intensity of methane seepages with relatively reduced AOM rates. The wide range of (Mo/U) EF values and U–Mo covariation indicates the very dynamic AOM rate (slow to moderate) and redox conditions (mostly suboxic–anoxic, occasionally sulfidic conditions) during carbonate formation due to episodically changing seepage activity. [Display omitted] • Ancient cold seep chimneys in the M-Dongsha area contain dolomite as a dominant carbonate phase. • REE patterns reflect a higher alkalinity and pH of pore waters. • Mo-U element compositions indicates lower intensity seepages, dynamic AOM rate and environment. • Formed in a semi-closed microbially-mediated sediments environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Complexes 1a , 1b , 2a , 2b , 3a and 3b contain a stable four-membered chelating ring. • The modulation of the luminescence color from green to blue-green and red was achieved. • The OLEDs based on 1a , 1b , 2a , 2b , 3a and 3b exhibit low efficiency roll-off. Six dpppy (P,P-diphenyl-N-(pyridin-2-yl)phosphinic amide)- and dppq (P,P-diphenyl-N-(quinolin-2-yl)phosphinic amide)-based iridium(III) complexes 1a , 1b , 2a , 2b , 3a and 3b containing four-membered chelate architecture were synthetized. Their crystal structure and photophysical properties were investigated. The crystal structure shows that two coordinating N atoms from the ancillary ligand dpppy and dppq form a four-membered chelate architecture with the centered iridium(III). By changing the substituent groups and conjugation of the cyclometalated ligand, the control of the luminescent color of the complexes was achieved. In CH 2 Cl 2 solution, complexes 1a , 1b , 2a , 2b , 3a and 3b emitted phosphorescence peaked at 509, 506, 479, 478, 620 and 618 nm with CIE color coordinates of (0.29, 0.60), (0.27, 0.61), (0.13, 0.37), (0.14, 0.35), (0.67, 0.33) and (0.67, 0.33), respectively. The quantum chemical calculation shows that their emitting light is primarily from 3LC π−π* states of the cyclometalated ligand. Electroluminescent devices with dual light-emitting layers were fabricated and exhibited mild efficiency roll-off. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] Variability of load spectrum of a fleet is analyzed. [•] Fatigue tests are conducted to test the variability of load spectrum. [•] Load spectrum damage follows a lognormal distribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Complexes Ir1a, Ir1b, Ir2a and Ir2b possess four-membered Ir-N-C N chelating ring. • These complexes exhibit pure-green and pure-red phosphors in CH 2 Cl 2 solution. • The OLEDs exhibit high electroluminescent properties and mild efficiency roll-off. Herein four novel iridium(III) complexes (tfpmd) 2 Ir(dpppy) (Ir1a , tfpmd = 2-(4-(trifluoromethyl) phenyl) pyrimidine, dpppy = P ,P-diphenyl-N-(pyridin-2-yl)phosphinic amide), (tfpmd) 2 Ir(dppq) (Ir1b , dppq = P ,P-diphenyl-N-(quinolin-2-yl)phosphinic amide), (tfpqz) 2 Ir(dpppy) (Ir2a , tfpzq = 4-(4-(trifluoromethyl) phenyl) quinazoline) and (tfpqz) 2 Ir(dppq) (Ir2b) were synthetized, and their structures, opto-physical, and electro-chemical properties were investigated in detail. The crystal structure shows that these complexes exhibit pseudo-octahedral geometry around iridium atom coordinated by C, N atoms from cyclometalated and ancillary ligands. Interestingly, two coordinated nitrogen atoms from the ancillary ligand form an unusual quaternary ring with the central iridium ion. Ir1a and Ir1b emit pure-green light with Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage (CIE) color coordinates of (0.25, 0.67) and (0.22, 0.67), respectively, in CH 2 Cl 2 solution. With the increase of the degree of conjugation of the cyclometalated ligand from tfpmd to tfpqz, the luminescence of complexes Ir2a and Ir2b is greatly red-shifted, and pure-red emission with CIE coordinates of (0.66, 0.34) and (0.66, 0.34), respectively, is obtained. The photophysical behaviors were reasonably explained by quantum chemical calculations. The calculation results shows that their emission is ascribed to the mixed 3MLCT (metal-ligand charge transfer, dπ(Ir)→π*(cyclometalated ligand)) and 3LLCT (ligand-ligand charge transfer, π(ancillary ligand)→π*(cyclometalated ligand)) states. Owing to their good thermal and electrochemical stabilities, organic light emitting diode (OLED) devices with dual-emitting layer structure and a space interlayer were fabricated and exhibited high electroluminescent properties and mild efficiency roll-off (14%-21%). [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Geochemistry of iron and trace metals in seep carbonates and its dependence on anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM)-driven diagenesis in cold seeps are not well documented. Here we characterize geochemistry of Fe and trace metals in carbonate nodules collected at an active cold seep in the middle Okinawa Trough (OT) impacted by hydrothermal plumes. The carbonate nodules in the studied core are dominated by aragonite even at sulfate-low core bottom. Most aragonite at the core bottom may have formed much earlier close to the seafloor under high sulfate concentration. Additionally, porewater at the depth may not be developed to a condition for the formation of calcite dominating over aragonite due to constant downward replenishment of sulfate across through shallow SMTZ (40 cm below sediment surface). As indicated by δ13C and δ18O of the carbonates, anaerobic oxidation of thermogenic methane from gas hydrate dissociation is the dominant fluid source for carbonate precipitation. It can be inferred from the existence of vivianite that Fe reduction coupled to AOM (Fe-AOM) may have ever been prevalent at the hydrothermal Fe-impacted seep site. Enhanced inputs of Mo, Co, Cu, Ni, and Zn associated with hydrothermal Fe-oxyhydroxides-organic colloids is the main source for their high enrichment in the carbonate nodules, and clay minerals and AOM-related microbial organics may have played an important role in their partitioning in the nodules. Uranium enrichment in the carbonate nodules is mainly through enhanced U delivery associated with Fe-oxyhydroxides-scavenged organic colloids and additional U enrichment induced by U(VI) reduction. U(IV) incorporation into carbonate lattices dominates U partitioning in the carbonate nodules over the upper 60 cm of the seep sediments, but the incorporation is substantially dampened at depth due to an increase in concentration of dissolved inorganic carbon, which consequently may have rendered U(IV) adsorption on clay minerals as the important U sink in the nodules. Our results suggest that the exceptional enrichments of Co, Cu, Ni, Zn, Mo, and U in seep carbonates may be used as a paleo-proxy to differentiate cold-seep carbonates whose formation has been co-impacted by hydrothermal plumes. • Aragonite is the dominant carbonate mineral even at sulfate-poor core bottom. • Carbonate formation is related to AOM and hydrate dissociation. • Hydrothermal Fe input enhances trace metal enrichment in carbonate nodules. • Clays and AOM-microbial organics play an important role in trace metal partitioning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: A convenient one-pot synthesis pathway for hybrid mesoporous xerogels is presented. Hybrid xerogels with organic groups embedded in and anchored onto a framework were facilely prepared using 1,2-bis(trimethoxysilyl)-ethane (BTME) and polymethylhydrosiloxane (PMHS) as organosilica precursors in the absence of traditional structure-directing agents; and the dependence of textural characteristics on PMHS usage in the syntheses was investigated in detail. As-prepared hybrid materials were characterized by solid state 13C cross polarization (CP)/29Si magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C CP/29Si MAS NMR), transmission electron microscope (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA-DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and hydrophobicity tests. It was shown that the representative hybrid materials possessed a significant hydrophobic interface and stable framework structure, and high porosity with tunable high specific surface areas and pore volumes. This kind of hybrid material may find potential applications in the separation/adsorption of organic substances, controllable delivery of hydrophobic drugs, and specific surface coatings due to its fascinating properties and designable synthesis pathway. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The fatigue life scatter of an aircraft fleet includes the variabilities of the material, structural property and the load spectrum. With more and more knowledge on the load variation, the 90% severe durability load spectrum has been proposed in JSSG-2006 of USA and used in the service life assessment program for several aircraft types. However, what is the life reliability of a fleet under this 90% severe spectrum and how severe the load spectrum should be are still perplexing. This paper would discuss the fleet life reliability under the severe load spectrum. Assuming both the fatigue life under a specified load spectrum and the load spectrum damage of a fleet follow the log-normal distribution and the standard deviations are σS and σL respectively, the fleet life was deduced to follow a log-normal distribution, the log mean life is unchanged and the variation is the sum of and . The expression of the fleet life reliability P was also deduced and it is influenced by the σS and σL . The typical values of P were calculated for the cited σS and σL . To ensure the fleet service safety under the 90% load spectrum, the requirement on the severity degree, PL , which is also the load reliability, was discussed. It showed that the severity of the severe spectrum is not a constant. If the 90% damage spectrum was used, the standard deviation of load spectrum damage should be controlled less than 0.14 at least. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Two 2D cadmium coordination polymers {[Cd(pda)(2,2′-bpy)(H2O)]·H2O} n (1) and {[Cd(pda)(4,4′-bpy)(H2O)]·2H2O} n (2) (H2pda=3,4-pyridinedicarboxylic acid; 2,2′-bpy=2,2′-bipyridine; 4,4′-bpy=4,4′-bipyridine) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy and X-ray single crystal diffraction. The 3D supramolecular structures of both 1 and 2 are constructed by hydrogen bonds between the 2D layers. Importantly, there are intramolecular π⋯π stacking interactions in both of the compounds. Crystallographic data for 1: Orthorhombic, Pbca, a =15.5977(12)Å, b =12.6063(10)Å, c =16.9891(13)Å, Z =8, R 1 =0.0202, wR 2 =0.0504; for 2: Monoclinic, C2/c, a =27.345(4)Å, b =11.2530(16)Å, c =12.1068(16)Å, β =104.197(2)°, Z =8, R 1 =0.0269, wR 2 =0.0625. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Three complexes with different structures were obtained by reacting 2,3,5-pyridinetricarboxylic acid (H3pta) with d 9 (Cu2+) and d 10 (Zn2+,Ag+) ions in water at room temperature. The complexes of [Cu(H2pta)2(H2O)2]·2H2O (1) and [Zn2(Hpta)2(H2O)6]·4H2O (2) are mononuclear and binuclear structures, respectively; while [Ag(H2pta)(H2O)] n (3) is a helical 1D chain coordination polymer. A double chain was further formed in 3 by the weak interaction between oxygen atoms and Ag(I) ions. Through hydrogen bonds the three complexes constructed corresponding 3D network structures. The three complexes were characterized by elemental analyses, IR and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. In addition, TGA, XRD and fluorescence spectra determinations were performed for compounds 2 and 3. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Four co-edge rhomboid [Ln 4 (μ 3 -OH) 2 ]-based 1D chainlike LnCPs were synthesized based on orotic acid. The Gd-containing complex displays a large MCE of −Δ S m max = 37.11 J kg−1 K−1, and the Eu- and Tb-based polymers exhibit characteristic Ln(III) luminescence. [Display omitted] • Four isostructural 1D LnCPs with rhomboid [Ln 4 (μ 3 -OH) 2 ]-based chainlike structure were obtained hydrothermally. • The Gd(III)-containing polymer displays a large MCE with − Δ S m max value of 37.11 J kg−1 K−1. • The Eu- and Tb-based polymers exhibit characteristic Eu(III)/Tb(III) luminescence. Four isostructural lanthanide coordination polymers with orotic acid (H 3 OA) as building ligand, {[Ln(HOA)(μ 3 -OH)(H 2 O) 2 ]·H 2 O} n (Ln = Eu (1); Gd (2); Tb (3); Dy (4)), were synthesized under hydrothermal conditions. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses demonstrate that complexes 1 – 4 have an one-dimensional (1D) chainlike structure consisting of rhomboid [Ln 4 (μ 3 -OH) 2 ] unit and HOA2- linker. Magnetic studies indicate that 2 displays a large magnetocaloric effect with magnetic entropy value of 37.11 J kg−1 K−1 at 2.0 K for Δ H = 7.0 T. This is a considerable value among the reported molecular magnetic coolants, and has a great application potential in the field of ultra-low temperature refrigeration. In addition, the solid-state photophysical properties of 1 and 3 exhibit obvious characteristic Eu(III) and Tb(III) photoluminescence emission in the visible region, suggesting that Eu- and Tb-based luminescence were sensitized effectively by the energy transfer from the ligand to the metal centers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A rare zigzag [Fe 2 Co 2 ] cluster was constructed by [(Tp*)Fe(CN) 3 ]− anions and tetrapyridophenazine ligand. • Dynamic magnetic switching was observed between the hydrated and dehydrated phases. • Field-induced single-molecule magnet behavior was evidenced in the dehydrated complex. A rare zigzag cyanide-bridged tetranuclear complex, {[(Tp*)FeIII(CN) 3 ] 2 [CoII(tphz) 1/2 (SCN)(MeOH)] 2 }·4H 2 O (1 ·4H 2 O) (Tp* = hydrotris(3,5-dimethylpyrazolyl)borate, tphz = tetrapyridophenazine) was successfully isolated and characterized structurally and magnetically. Single-crystal structural analysis indicates the Fe3+ and Co2+ ions are linked by cyanides while the inverse two Co2+ are bridged by the pyrazine of tphz. Magnetic studies for 1 ·4H 2 O revealed the ferromagnetic coupling (J Fe Co = +3.2 cm−1) between the Fe3+ and Co2+ ions and antiferromagnetic interaction (J Co Co = −2.7 cm−1) between the Co2+ ions of the cluster. After the release of crystallized water molecules, however, the magnetic behaviors were drastically tuned indicated by the notable changes in the magnetic couplings for FeIII CoII (J Fe Co = +3.9 cm−1) and CoII CoII (J Co Co = −3.5 cm−1). Reduced magnetization reveals the uniaxial magnetic anisotropy of the dehydrated molecule with the zero-field splitting parameter D = −10.3 cm−1. Additionally, field-supported single-molecule magnet behavior was observed with the effective energy barrier U eff = 38.2 K, making complex 1 the first example of a zigzag Fe 2 Co 2 single-molecule magnet. This work provides not only a rare dynamic switching molecular complex but also highlights the important influence of guest water molecules in magnetic behaviors. Dehydration-actuated single-molecule magnet behavior was observed in a rare cyanide-bridged [Fe 2 Co 2 ] cluster featuring a zigzag structure. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Two ionic cuprous complexes with thermally activated delayed fluorescence were synthesized. • Both complexes exhibit high contributions of TADF (83 and 80%, respectively) and PLQYs (47.5 and 60.5%, respectively) in the solid state at ambient temperature. • The small exchange energy caused by the pronounced spatial separation between HOMOs and LUMOs leads to a small Δ E ST and TADF at ambient temperature. • The OLEDs based on both complexes exhibit good performance and very mild efficiency roll-off. Herein two novel ionic cuprous complexes [Cu(POP)(Pytzb)]BF 4 (Cu1 , POP = bis(2-diphenylphosphinophenyl)ether, Pytzb = 2-(1-(benzyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)pyridine) and [Cu(Xantphos)(Pytzb)]BF 4 (Cu2 , Xantphos = 4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene) have been synthesized in reasonable yields, and their crystal structure, UV absorption and photoluminescent properties, as well as electrochemical behaviors were investigated. At 300 K, both Cu1 and Cu2 in solid state exhibit outstanding green luminescence peaked at 533 and 526 nm, respectively, with significantly high photoluminescent quantum yields (PLQYs, 47.5 and 60.5%, respectively). Detailed exploration of emission decay times for Cu1 and Cu2 in dependence of temperature demonstrates that the two complexes are typical thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) materials at ambient temperature with TADF proportions of 83 and 80%, respectively. The two complexes were employed as dopants in solution-processed electroluminescent devices. Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) of two new ionic cuprous complexes bearing 1,2,3-triazole ligand has been realized. Especially, both complexes exhibit high contributions of TADF (83 and 80%, respectively) and PLQYs (47.5 and 60.5%, respectively) in the solid state at ambient temperature. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Utilizing 1,3,4-oxadiazole amide that possesses outstanding electron mobility to serve as auxiliary ligands, four novel iridium (III) complexes of Ir1 – Ir4 were prepared. Their structure, photophysical, and electrochemical characteristics were examined in detail, and quantum chemical calculations were used to interpret their photophysical behaviors. At room temperature, complexes Ir1 and Ir2 exhibit almost coincident green phosphorescence with peaks at 506 nm. Ir3 and Ir4 complexes produce greenish blue and greenish yellow light with a double-peak structure located at 496 and 531 nm. Organic light-emitting diodes utilizing Ir1 – Ir4 as emitters exert extremely moderate efficiency roll-off, which is caused by the emitters bearing CF 3 -substituted 1,3,4-oxadiazole amide possessing excellent electron mobility. [Display omitted] • Iridium complexes Ir1–Ir4 with CF 3 -substituted 1,3,4-oxadiazole amide ancillary ligands are synthesized. • Both Ir1 and Ir2 exhibit green phosphorescence, Ir3 and Ir4 produce greenish blue and greenish yellow light, respectively. • Complexes Ir1–Ir4 have excellent thermal and electrochemical stability. • The OLEDs based on Ir1–Ir4 exhibit very mild efficiency roll-off. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Porous TiO 2 nanomaterials assembled by anatase TiO 2 nanoparticles are successfully synthesized via a simple method with the assistance of an easily accessed biomass-sodium alginate. The alginate is favorable for the formation of small TiO 2 nanoparticles and the presence of SO 4 2- in the precursors could prevent crystal phase transformation from anatase to rutile to a certain extent during high-temperature calcination process. The pyrolysis product of alginate ions could also prevent the formation of large TiO 2 nanoparticles. The reactant concentrations and the ratio of sodium alginate and Ti(SO 4) 2 play important roles in the surface area and pore volume of porous TiO 2 nanomaterials. The porous TiO 2 nanomaterials are used as anode materials for lithium ion batteries and possess a reversible capacity of 223 mAh g−1 at 1C after 20 cycles. Further increasing the cycling rates, the relatively large reversible capacities still maintain. The efficient nanostructures and good crystallinity of porous TiO 2 nanomaterials result in their superior electrochemical behavior. Image 1 • Porous TiO 2 nanomaterials prepared with the assistance of biomass resource. • Porous TiO 2 nanomaterials as anode material. • Hierarchical porous nanostructures enhance electrochemical performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Graphene structures with controlled secondary structure and primary building unit. • "Complex-directed" strategy for the synthesis of graphene nanostructures. • Graphene hollow nanospheres and the porosity improve electrochemical behaviors. Fabrication of hierarchical nanostructures is an important way for performance improvement and application expansion of nanomaterials. It is still a great challenge to synthesize three dimensional hierarchical graphene nanostructures with controlled secondary structures and primary building units, because it is difficult to realize effective control of graphene layer morphology and necessary arrangement of graphene. In this work, a "complex-directed" strategy has been successfully developed for the synthesis of three dimensional graphene nanostructures. Especially, the obtained three dimensional graphene nanostructures are quite regular in morphology, they can be nanorods or regular particles, composed of hollow graphene nanospheres with different layers. The morphology and the structure of these nanostructures, including primary building units and secondary structures are strongly dependent on the amount of HCl solution. The obtained three-dimensional graphene nanostructure can serve as an excellent candidate for electrode material of electric double layer capacitors (EDLCs) and present outstanding electrochemical behaviors. This is mainly due to the excellent electrical conductivity of graphene hollow nanospheres and the porous structures conducive to ion diffusion and electron transport. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hierarchical three-dimensional graphene-based carbon materials have been successfully prepared via a template-assisted approach. It is found that the structure, morphology, graphitization degree, surface area and pore volume for the obtained carbon materials could be easily controlled by adjusting the amount of reactant and template. The results show that the obtained hierarchical nanostructured carbon material possesses a very stable reversible capacity of 395 mAh g−1 at 1C and exhibits extremely high reversible capacity of 163 mAh g−1 at the high rate of 20C. The large macroporous network and small mesopores in the materials can facilitate electrolyte and lithium ion transportation. The hollow carbon nanoparticles composed of stacked graphene can favor the electron diffusion within the materials. The micropores in the carbon materials can also increase the reversible capacity. Image 1 • The amounts of reactants and templates affect the graphene-based carbon materials. • Hierarchical three-dimensional graphene-based carbon materials as anode material. • Hollow nanoparticles composed of stacked graphene improve electrochemical behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Self-assembly reactions of K 8 Ta 6 O 19 ·17H 2 O, CoCl 2 ·6H 2 O and organic ligands yield, depending on the different organic ligands, two new polyoxotantalate complexes: [(Ta 6 O 19)Co(H 2 O) 3 ]6− (1a) and [(Ta 6 O 19)Co(en)] 2 10− (2a). The polyoxoanion 1a is a monomeric comprised of one {Ta 6 O 19 } unit and one Co ion, while the polyoxoanion 2a is a dimeric structure based on 1a. Both the compounds were characterized in the solid state by single crystal X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric, UV–vis spectra and FT-IR. In addition to the structural characterization, the solution behavior of these clusters has also been explored using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Interestingly, the peak assignments display that compound 1 exists as monomer or further reorganizes to dimer in water and compound 2 can retain its structural integrity. Two new {Ta 6 O 19 }-based polyoxotantalates, a monomeric and its dimeric structures, are reported, combining the solution behavior of two clusters. Unlabelled Image • The manuscript presents two new Co-containing polyoxotantalate clusters. • The coordination of {Ta 6 O 19 } as an inorganic ligand with cobalt ions was realized via a facile synthetic method. • The solution behavior of the clusters was investigated in water, indicating their stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A series of hierarchical NiCo 2 O 4 /NiO nanorods were prepared. • Urea and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate are essential in the synthesis process. • The length and width of the nanorods can be easily controlled. • The optimal nanorods exhibited excellent supercapacitor performance. A simple approach to prepare NiCo 2 O 4 /NiO nanorods assembled from nanoparticles has been explored. The length and width of the nanorods can be easily controlled by adjusting the amount of metal salts. The nanorods present excellent electrochemical performance when used as electrode materials for supercapacitor. The large surface area and the small diameter provide not only rich active sites and high utilization of materials, but also the ability to accommodate volume changes. The materials exhibited a specific capacitance of 1395 F g−1 (697.5 C g−1, 1 A g−1) and good cycle stability with the capacitance retention of 123.6% after 5000 cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the assistance of EDTA, two fluorescence LaVO 4 :Eu 3+ materials have been synthesized via the one-step hydrothermal strategy under different pH conditions, i.e. monoclinic LaVO 4 :Eu 3+ microspheres (pH = 3) and tetragonal LaVO 4 :Eu 3+ microbundles (pH = 9). Based on series of time-dependent experiments, formation mechanisms of two products have been investigated in detail and proposed in this work. Optical characterizations conform that the luminescence property of LaVO 4 :Eu 3+ materials can be greatly affected by the structure of LaVO 4 matrixes. Meanwhile, it is found that the fluorescence property of both LaVO 4 :Eu 3+ products could be rapidly and sensitively quenched by Fe 3+ ions in water, and the quenching effect strongly depends on the concentration of Fe 3+ ions, not the crystal structure of LaVO 4 :Eu 3+ phosphors. Consequently, both the LaVO 4 :Eu 3+ products obtained in this work are considered as appropriate functional materials for sensitively and rapidly detecting the Fe 3+ ions in water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sediments on continental slopes, which are rich in hydrates and organic matters, may release methane into the overlying seawater and even into the atmosphere. To evaluate the impact of sediment emissions on oceanic methane cycling and greenhouse gas emissions, this study assessed the distribution of methane in surface sediments and water columns and calculated the sea-to-air methane flux in the Dongsha area of the northern South China Sea. Results show that the methane concentrations exhibited large spatio-temporal changes. In May 2019, the methane concentrations and sea-to-air methane flux (4.1 ± 3.7 μmol m−2 d−1) were close to the background values, indicating that in situ aerobic methane production was a weak atmospheric methane source. In contrast, in September 2020, abnormally high methane concentrations up to 26.6 nM were detected in the upper slope with water depths of 600–950 m and to the east of a seamount; the average sea-to-air methane flux increased to 11.3 ± 7.9 μmol m−2 d−1. The consistency of methane distribution throughout the water column and surface sediments, with a generally increasing trend with the increasing depth, indicates that in September 2020, sediment emissions were crucial methane sources in seawater and led to moderate emissions into the atmosphere. The heterogeneities of methane concentrations and sea-to-air methane fluxes were attributed to the uneven distribution of methane in the sediments. Besides, strong internal solitary waves in summer and autumn exacerbates methane release, especially around high terrain areas, such as in continental upper slopes and in the upstream side of seamounts. Our results demonstrate that methane released from the sediments, being perhaps affected by internal solitary waves induced sediments disturbance, substantially impacted the oceanic methane cycling in continental slopes. Thus, this study provides new insights into the methane budget of marginal basins. • Abnormally high methane concentrations were detected in the upper slope and to the east of a seamount. • Sediment emissions were crucial methane sources in seawater in the Dongsha area. • ISWs enhance methane released from sediments into atmosphere near high terrain areas in Autumn. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Six Cd(II)-based coordination polymers were obtained solvothermally. • The structures and magnetic / optical properties can be regulated by introducing different metal ions into the Cd(II) system. • The Cd(II)-Mn(II) system displays a significant MCE. • The Cd(II) and Cd-Na(I) systems show blue luminescence. One monometallic and five heterometallic coordination polymers (HCPs) based on homophthalic acid (H 2 HPA), [Cd 2 (HPA) 2 (H 2 O) 2 ]·H 2 O (1), [CdMn(HPA) 2 (H 2 O) 2 ]·H 2 O (2), [Cd 3 Co(HPA) 4 (H 2 O) 4 ]·2H 2 O (3), [CdCo(HPA) 2 (DMSO)(H 2 O) 2 ] (4), [CdNa 2 (HPA) 2 (μ 2 -H 2 O)(H 2 O)] (5) and [Cd 2 Na 2 (HPA) 3 (μ 2 -H 2 O)(H 2 O) 2 ] (6), were synthesized solvothermally. Complexes 1 - 3 have similar two-dimensional (2D) layer structures except that all or part six-coordinated Cd(II) ions in 1 were replaced by the six-coordinated Mn(II) or Co (II) ion in 2 and 3 , respectively. Complex 4 shows an 1D ladderlike structure, and 5 and 6 exhibit different 2D layer structures. The different structures of 3 / 4 and 5 / 6 could be assembled directly by controlling the different pH values with other same reaction conditions, respectively. Magnetic studies reveal that the introducing of para-magnetic Mn(II) and Co(II) ions endow antiferromagnetic interarions between the neigboring spins in 2 – 4 , and 2 with isotropic Mn(II) ion displays a significant cryogenic magnetocaloric effect with a maximum −Δ S m value of 19.29 J K−1 kg−1 at 2 K and Δ H = 7 T. In addition, the solid-state photophysical properties of 1, 5 and 6 display blue emissions centered at ca. 453 nm, 448 nm and 428 nm, respectively. One monometallic and five heterometallic CPs were synthesized controllably based on HPA2− ligand, and strong blue emissions and a large MCE of −ΔSm = 19.29 J K−1 kg−1 were observed. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three-dimensional silver/polyethyleneimine/alginate hydrogel beads have been prepared successfully via a facile and simple one-pot assembly method, which can be used efficiently in catalytic hydrogenation reaction of p -nitrophenol under batch and fixed-bed experiment. Polyethyleneimine is used to reduce and limit the growth of nano-silver particle and alginate microsphere is used as the catalyst carrier, leading to form well silver nanoparticles dispersion. Several characterizations were applied to the materials, such as X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. As-prepared catalysts only spent 120 s finishing reaction at ambient temperature (20% silver load) and stable catalytic performance with high conversion percentage for p -nitrophenol about 90% at 298 K under fixed-bed condition. The relationship between concentration and time was well depicted by Pseudo-first order kinetic model. The catalytic performance for recycled catalyst remained highly efficient, and the conversion efficiency of 96.4% can be maintained after 10 cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One three-dimensional Gd(III) coordination polymer with 1,2-phenylenediacetate (PDA 2 − ), [Gd 2 (PDA) 3 (H 2 O) 2 ]·3H 2 O (1), has been successfully synthesized and characterized. Single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis shows that 1 consists of 1D wave Gd-based chain unit and PDA 2 − linker. Magnetic studies suggest the presence of ferromagnetic Gd ⋯ Gd coupling in the 1D chain unit of 1. Meanwhile, 1 has a significant cryogenic magnetocaloric effect with the maximum − ΔS m of 33.44 at 2 K and 7 T. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three novel iridium(III) complexes bearing oxadiazol-substituted amide ligands have been synthesized and characterized, and the photophysical and electrochemical properties have been investigated. All the complexes exhibit blue light emission with major peaks at 472, 468 and 462 nm in acetonitrile solutions, respectively. Both photophysical properties and quantum chemical calculations demonstrate that photoluminescence of these complexes are mainly from cyclometalated ligand-based 3 π−π* excited states. Using these complexes as emitters, the organic light-emitting diodes with single- or double-emitting layers were fabricated. The devices with double-emitting layers exhibit good electroluminescence performances with the maximum current efficiencies of 10.5, 6.3 and 4.6 cd A −1 , respectively, and mild efficiency roll-off. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One new three-dimensional Cd(II) polymer [Cd 3 (MMA) 2 (INA) 2 ] n ( 1 ) was synthesized hydrothermally based on mixed flexible methylmalonic acid (H 2 MMA) and rigid isonicotinic acid (HINA) ligands. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that compound 1 has a 3D framework structure consisting of 2D {Cd 3 } layer unit and INA − connector, which bears a (3,8)-connected tfz-d topology with Schläfli symbol of {4 3 } 2 {4 6 .6 18 .8 4 }. The solid-state luminescent property was studied and 1 exhibits strong emission centered at 429 nm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One carboxylate-bridged 1D CPs (1) with linear trinuclear [Co 3 ] cluster unit was obtained and the magneto-structural correlations were discussed detailedly based on a linear trinuclear [Co 3 ] magnetic model with split and summation of the mixed carboxylate bridges. [Display omitted] • One new carboxylate-bridged 1D polymer containing linear trinuclear [Co 3 ] cluster unit was obtained. • The magneto-structural correlation was discussed quantificationally based on a new linear trinuclear [Co 3 ] magnetic mode. • This provides a new way for quantitative analysis of the magnetic coupling through mixed brigdes. One carboxylate-bridged coordination polymer, [Co 3 (MSA) 3 (H 2 O) 6 ] n (1), was synthesized under hydrothermal condition based on Co2+ ion and dicarboxylic acid ligand of 2-methylenesuccinic acid (H 2 MSA). Complex 1 has an one-dimensional (1D) linear chain structure consisting of linear trinuclear [Co 3 ] cluster node and mixed bridges of η 2-O carboxylate and syn - syn carboxylate. The magneto-structural correlation of 1 was studied based on a new linear trinuclear [Co 3 ] cluster magnetic model with split and summation of the mixed carboxylate bridges. The satisfying results suggest that the syn - syn carboxylate mediates antiferromagnetic interactions and the η 2-O carboxylate bridges with different Co O carboxylate Co angles could mediate ferromagnetic (<98°) or antiferromagnetic coupling (>98°), respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nest-like TiO 2 hollow microspheres composed of nanowires have been successfully synthesized via a simple process including hydrothermal treatment and calcination. The hydrothermal treatment time plays important roles in the morphologies and crystallographic structures for the final products. The obtained nest-like TiO 2 hollow microspheres gives a reversible capacity of 228 mAh g −1 at 0.5C rate. Furthermore, the nest-like TiO 2 hollow microspheres could possess relatively high reversible capacities even at higher charge/discharge rates. The reversible capacities of approximately 210, 191, 166, 150 and 130 mAh g −1 are obtained at 1C, 2C, 5C, 10C and 20C, respectively. The superior electrochemical performance of hollow TiO 2 microspheres composed of nanowires is mainly related to its efficient hierarchical nanostructures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A cationic iridium complex [Ir(dfpmpy) 2 (pzpy)](PF 6 ) with 2-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pyridine as ancillary ligand has been prepared, and its crystal structure, photophysical and electrochemical properties have been investigated. In degassed CH 3 CN solution, this complex exhibits blue emission with a peak wavelength of 451 nm. Photophysical property indicates that photoluminescence of complex [Ir(dfpmpy) 2 (pzpy)](PF 6 ) originates mainly from ligand-centered 3 π → π ∗ states. In addition, solution-processed organic light-emitting diodes based on [Ir(dfpmpy) 2 (pzpy)](PF 6 ) have been fabricated. A blue light electroluminescence (484 nm) was observed and a maximum current efficiency of 1.56 cd A −1 corresponding to a maximum power efficiency of 0.33 lm W −1 , has been achieved. This demonstrates that this complex is a promising phosphor for achieving efficient electrophosphorescence in the blue light region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new cationic iridium complexes bearing cyclometalated carbene ligands have been prepared, and the photophysical and electrochemical properties have been investigated. In degassed acetonitrile solutions, these complexes exhibit yellow light emission with peaks at 591 and 579 nm, respectively. Both photophysical properties and quantum chemical calculations indicate that photoluminescence of these complexes are mainly from triplet charge-transfer excited states. Solution-processed organic light-emitting diodes based on these complexes exhibit yellow electroluminescences with the maximum current efficiencies of 17.42 and 6.36 cd A −1 and Commission Internationale d’Énclairage(x, y) coordinates (CIE x,y ) of (0.47, 0.51) and (0.51, 0.47), respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new cationic iridium complexes with nonconjugated bis(pyrazole-1-yl)methane as the ancillary ligand have been prepared, and crystal structure, photophysical and electrochemical properties have been investigated. In degassed acetonitrile solutions, these complexes exhibit blue light emission with peaks at 456 and 453 nm, respectively. Both photophysical properties and quantum chemical calculations indicate that photoluminescence of these complexes are mainly from ligand-centered 3 π → π*. Solution-processed organic light-emitting diodes based on these complexes exibit blue light emission with the maximum current efficiencies of 7.34 and 5.36 cd A −1 , and maximum external quantum efficiencies of 4.06 and 2.66%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three-dimensional porous carbon sheets are successfully prepared from a readily available water-soluble biomasses sodium alginate via a simple method without using chemically activated agents. By adjusting the thickness of wet films, we can produce carbon samples and target the surface area and pore volume. The results show that the porous carbon sheets possess superior electrochemical performance when they are used as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. The porous nanostructure could provide the pathways for easy accessibility of electrolyte and fast transportation of lithium ions and electrons. The existence of micropores can also ensure high reversible capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With flexible 2-methylenesuccinate acid (H 2 MSA) and rigid 4, 4′-bipyridine (bpy) as mixed ligands, two three-dimensional (3D) metal−organic frameworks (MOFs), {[Zn 3 (μ 2 -OH) 2 (MSA) 2 (bpy) 2 ]·4H 2 O} n (1) and {[Cd(MSA)(bpy)]·2H 2 O} n (2), were obtained solvothermally. Complexes 1 and 2 both have a 3D framework structures, which include respectively a linear trinuclear [Zn 3 ] or a rare dinuclear [Cd 2 ] cluster node that consisting of two seven-coordinated Cd(II) ions. The adjacent [Zn 3 ] or [Cd 2 ] nodes in 1 and 2 are firstly linked together by the MSA2− ligand to form a 1D chain or a 2D layer unit respectively, which are further bridged by the bpy linkers to produce the 3D framework structures. If treating the [Zn 3 ] and [Cd 2 ] cluster as 4- and 6-connected nodes, the 3D frameworks of 1 and 2 can be simplified into a CdSO 4 topological network with a Schläfli symbol of (65.8) and a rob network with a Schläfli symbol of (48.66.8), respectively. The PXRD patterns suggest that 1 and 2 have good stability when soaked in water for at least 48 h. The fluorescence sensing properties of 1 and 2 toward different metal inorganic ions were investigated, and two complexes both could sense Fe3+, MnO 4 − and Cr 2 O 7 2− in aqueous solution with high sensitivity and selectivity (the LODs were 3.20 μM, 1.54 μM and 1.95 μM for 1 , 1.15 μM, 0.48 μM and 1.23 μM for 2 , respectively) as well as good recircularity. In addition, the mechanism of the selective luminescence quenching response for Fe3+, MnO 4 − and Cr 2 O 7 2− could be attributed to the energy competition between the excitation of complex 1 / 2 and the ultraviolet absorption of responsive substances. [Display omitted] • Two 3D luminescent MOFs were obtained by a strategy of rigid-flexible co-linkers. • The frameworks contain rare linear trinuclear [Zn 3 ] or dinuclear [Cd 2 ] cluster units respectively. • The complexes displayed good luminescent properties in water. • The complexes could behave as multi-target probes to sense Fe3+, MnO 4 − and Cr 2 O 7 2− with high sensitivity and selectivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Controlled synthesis of porous carbons with different morphologies and porous structures. • Solvent species affect their morphology and porous structure. • Porous carbons exhibited excellent supercapacitor performance. • The surface area and porous structure influence the electrochemical performance. Porous carbons with controlled morphologies and porous structures were successfully prepared by a simple method. The morphology and the porous structure of the porous carbons could be controlled by adjusting the solvent species. When used as the electrode materials for supercapacitors, porous carbon achieved a specific capacitance of 174 F g−1 at a current density of 1 A g−1. The supercapacitor device provided an energy density of 4.9 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 225.0 W kg−1 and 3.9 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 4457.1 W kg−1. The capacitance retention rate after 10,000 cycles was 92.1%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]