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17 results on '"R. B. Vogelaar"'

1. Fabrication of quencher-free liquid scintillator-based, high-activity 222Rn calibration sources for the Borexino detector

Author

R. B. Vogelaar, V. Roca, P. Cavalcante, Lino Miramonti, S. Hardy, and D. Bravo-Berguño

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Fabrication, Quenching (fluorescence), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Detector, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Scintillator, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Optics, 0103 physical sciences, Calibration, High activity, 010306 general physics, business, Instrumentation, Borexino
Abstract

A reliable and consistently reproducible technique to fabricate 222Rn-loaded radioactive sources ( ∼ 0.5–1 kBq just after fabrication) based on liquid scintillator (LS), with negligible amounts of LS quencher contaminants, was implemented. This work demonstrates the process that will be used during the Borexino detectors upcoming calibration campaign, where one or several ∼ 100 Bq such sources will be deployed at different positions in its fiducial volume, currently showing unprecedented levels of radiopurity. These sources need to fulfill stringent requirements of 222Rn activity, transparency to the radiations of interest and complete removability from the detector to ensure their impact on Borexino’s radiopurity is negligible. Moreover, the need for a clean, undistorted spectral signal for the calibrations imposes a tight requirement to minimize scintillator quenching agents (”quenchers”) to null or extremely low levels.

Published
2018
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2. Recent results from Borexino and the first real time measure of solar pp neutrinos

Author

D. Bravo, N. Rossi, G. Bellini, D. Vignaud, R. Saldanha, E. V. Hungerford, Lino Miramonti, Matthias Laubenstein, M. Göger-Neff, F. von Feilitzsch, R. B. Vogelaar, Marco Giammarchi, Marcin Wójcik, Andrea Ianni, D. Bick, Sandra Zavatarelli, Kai Zuber, M. D. Skorokhvatov, Michael Wurm, P. J. Mosteiro, Laura Cadonati, L. Papp, Michele Montuschi, A. Sotnikov, E. Meroni, C. Salvo, M. Gromov, T. Lewke, A. Caminata, Fausto Ortica, D. Kryn, F. Gabriele, Manuel Meyer, O. Smirnov, G. Lukyanchenko, I. N. Machulin, Aldo Ianni, Aldo Romani, Paolo Lombardi, K. Otis, Marco Pallavicini, K. Fomenko, E. Litvinovich, M. Obolensky, Q. Meindl, A. E. Chavarria, L. Perasso, D. D'Angelo, J. Winter, S. Marcocci, C. Galbiati, D. Franco, F. Lombardi, S. Manecki, A. Razeto, Lothar Oberauer, S. Gazzana, S. Davini, B. Lehnert, R. Tartaglia, A. Pocar, A. V. Derbin, Anton Empl, G. Bonfini, G. Zuzel, Frank Calaprice, Jay Burton Benziger, W. Maneschg, Alessandra Re, Hardy Simgen, Hongwei Wang, S. V. Sukhotin, A. Wright, O. Zaimidoroga, V. V. Kobychev, S. Schönert, G. Korga, Gioacchino Ranucci, B. Caccianiga, G. Testera, Denis Korablev, V. N. Muratova, Y. Suvorov, Livia Ludhova, A. M. Goretti, A. S. Chepurnov, C. Ghiano, Caren Hagner, P. Cavalcante, M. Misiaszek, A.V. Etenko, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Zavatarelli, S., Bellini, G., Benziger, J., Bick, D., Bonfini, G., Bravo, D., Caccianiga, B., Cadonati, L., Calaprice, F., Caminata, A., Cavalcante, P., Chavarria, A., Chepurnov, A., D'Angelo, D., Davini, S., Derbin, A., Empl, A., Etenko, A., Fomenko, K., Franco, D., Gabriele, F., Galbiati, C., Gazzana, S., Ghiano, C., Giammarchi, M., Goeger-Neff, M., Goretti, A., Gromov, M., Hagner, C., Hungerford, E., Ianni, Aldo, Ianni, Andrea, Kobychev, V., Korablev, D., Korga, G., Kryn, D., Laubenstein, M., Lehnert, B., Lewke, T., Litvinovich, E., Lombardi, F., Lombardi, P., Ludhova, L., Lukyanchenko, G., Machulin, I., Manecki, S., Maneschg, W., Marcocci, S., Meindl, Q., Meroni, E., Meyer, M., Miramonti, L., Misiaszek, M., Montuschi, M., Mosteiro, P., Muratova, V., Oberauer, L., Obolensky, M., Ortica, F., Otis, K., Pallavicini, M., Papp, L., Perasso, L., Pocar, A., Ranucci, G., Razeto, A., Re, A., Romani, A., Rossi, N., Saldanha, R., Salvo, C., Schoenert, S., Simgen, H., Skorokhvatov, M., Smirnov, O., Sotnikov, A., Sukhotin, S., Suvorov, Y., Tartaglia, R., Testera, G., Vignaud, D., Vogelaar, R. B., von Feilitzsch, F., Wang, H., Winter, J., Wojcik, M., Wright, A., Wurm, M., Zaimidoroga, O., Zuber, K., Zuzel, G., Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)

Subjects
geo-neutrinos, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Neutrino oscillation, neutrino: solar, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Geo-neutrinos, Neutrino oscillations, Solar neutrinos, Solar neutrino, talk: Valencia 2014/07/02, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Physics::Geophysics, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], ddc:530, 010306 general physics, Borexino, Physics, neutrino oscillations, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Solar neutrino problem, Gran Sasso, Neutrino detector, Geo-neutrino, solar neutrinos, Measurements of neutrino speed, High Energy Physics::Experiment, neutrino: oscillation, neutrino: geophysics, Neutrino astronomy, Neutrino, experimental results
Abstract

International audience; The Borexino detector was built starting from 1996 in the underground hall C of Gran Sasso National Laboratory (LNGS) in Italy under about 1400 m of rock (3800 m.w.e) and it is mostly aimed to the study in real-time of the low-energy solar neutrinos.Since the beginning of data taking, in May 2007, the unprecedented detector radio-purity made the performances of the detector unique: a milestone has been very recently achieved with the measurement of solar pp neutrino flux, providing the first direct observation in real time of the key fusion reaction powering the Sun.In this contribution the most important Borexino achievements to the fields of solar, geo-neutrino and particle physics are reviewed and the future perspectives discussed, emphasizing in particular the unique possibility of Borexino to cover at the end of its program the entire solar neutrino spectrum and to exploit the possible existence of a fourth sterile neutrino (SOX project).

Published
2016
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3. A study of the trace 39Ar content in argon from deep underground sources

Author

An. Ianni, Matthias Laubenstein, A. Nelson, C. Love, Jingke Xu, T. Hohman, Cristiano Galbiati, R. B. Vogelaar, A. Wright, B. Loer, A. M. Goretti, C. J. Martoff, Frank Calaprice, D. Holtz, D. Montanari, S.D. Rountree, G. Guray, and S. Mukhopadhyay

Subjects
Active target, Physics, Time projection chamber, Argon, Electron energy spectrum, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Dark matter, Analytical chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Photon yield, chemistry, Physics::Plasma Physics, Scintillation counter, Physics::Atomic and Molecular Clusters, Liquid argon, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Physics::Chemical Physics, Atomic physics
Abstract

The discovery of argon from deep underground sources with significantly less 39Ar than atmospheric argon was an important step in the development of direct dark matter detection experiments using argon as the active target. We report on the design and operation of a low-background single-phase liquid argon detector that was built to study the 39Ar content of this underground argon. Underground argon from the Kinder Morgan CO 2 plant in Cortez, Colorado was determined to have less than 0.65% of the 39Ar activity in atmospheric argon, or 6.6 mBq/kg specific 39Ar activity.

Published
2015
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4. First results from the DarkSide-50 dark matter experiment at Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso

Author

S. Kidner, R. Tartaglia, A. L. Renshaw, E. V. Hungerford, Yanchu Wang, P. Cavalcante, A. Candela, C. Zhu, M. Cariello, S. Westerdale, A. Sotnikov, Samuele Sangiorgio, E. Shields, N. Rossi, F. Gabriele, E. Pantic, L. Crippa, D. Sablone, An. Ianni, V. N. Muratova, G. Testera, M. D. Skorokhvatov, L. Grandi, G. Forster, A. Devoto, A. E. Chavarria, K. Pelczar, K. Fomenko, Cristiano Galbiati, M. Wada, C. Love, G. Di Pietro, Min-Xin Guan, R. B. Vogelaar, Laura Cadonati, L. Papp, Y. Guardincerri, Gioacchino Ranucci, E. Edkins, P. Musico, K. Herner, M. E. Monzani, S. D. Rountree, P. J. Mosteiro, B. Baldin, Hui Wang, R. Parsells, G. Bonfini, A. Pocar, Thomas Alexander, Y. Q. Ma, Fausto Ortica, B. Rossi, K. Randle, P. Saggese, L. Marini, M. Bossa, N. Canci, Paolo Lombardi, B. R. Hackett, A. Empl, R. Saldanha, K. Arisaka, Henning O. Back, Stuart Derek Walker, M. Montuschi, M. Orsini, E. Meroni, Jilei Xu, A. Zec, O. Smirnov, D. Franco, G. Fiorillo, A. Monte, M. Okounkova, G. Zuzel, Alan Watson, J. Yoo, C. L. Kendziora, F. Di Eusanio, A. Razeto, L. Pagani, M. D'Incecco, J. Tatarowicz, D. Korablev, M. De Deo, A. V. Derbin, Nicomede Pelliccia, I. N. Machulin, B. Reinhold, Anselmo Meregaglia, H. Qian, S. Davini, E. Segreto, A. Wright, C. J. Martoff, A. Mandarano, Marcin Wójcik, S. Luitz, Marco Pallavicini, D. D'Angelo, K. J. Keeter, Frank Calaprice, F. Budano, X. Xiang, Sandra Zavatarelli, P. X. Li, V. V. Kobychev, W. Sands, Aldo Romani, B. Loer, M. Gromov, A. Tonazzo, S. Pordes, P. Agnes, Al. Ianni, G. Koh, J. Maricic, A. Nelson, G. Korga, Stefano Maria Mari, R. Milincic, Cécile Jollet, D. A. Semenov, A. Kurlej, S. Parmeggiano, K. Biery, A. Fan, D. A. Pugachev, S. Perasso, A. G. Cocco, A. K. Alton, B. J. Mount, Chung-Yao Yang, Augusto Brigatti, D. Montanari, E. V. Unzhakov, J. Brodsky, H. Cao, S. Odrowski, Peter Daniel Meyers, Y. Suvorov, Livia Ludhova, A. M. Goretti, A. S. Chepurnov, C. Stanford, Agnes, P, Alexander, T., Alton, A., Arisaka, K., Back, H. O., Baldin, B., Biery, K., Bonfini, G., Bossa, M., Brigatti, A., Brodsky, J., Budano, F., Cadonati, L., Calaprice, F., Canci, N., Candela, A., Cao, H., Cariello, M., Cavalcante, P., Chavarria, A., Chepurnov, A., Cocco, A. G., Crippa, L., D'Angelo, D., D'Incecco, M., Davini, S., De Deo, M., Derbin, A., Devoto, A., Di Eusanio, F., Di Pietro, G., Edkins, E., Empl, A., Fan, A., Fiorillo, Giuliana, Fomenko, K., Forster, G., Franco, D., Gabriele, F., Galbiati, C., Goretti, A., Grandi, L., Gromov, M., Guan, M. Y., Guardincerri, Y., Hackett, B., Herner, K., Hungerford, E. V., Ianni, A. l., Ianni, A. n., Jollet, C., Keeter, K., Kendziora, C., Kidner, S., Kobychev, V., Koh, G., Korablev, D., Korga, G., Kurlej, A., Li, P. X., Loer, B., Lombardi, P., Love, C., Ludhova, L., Luitz, S., Ma, Y. Q., Machulin, I., Mandarano, A., Mari, S., Maricic, J., Marini, L., Martoff, C. J., Meregaglia, A., Meroni, E., Meyers, P. D., Milincic, R., Montanari, D., Monte, A., Montuschi, M., Monzani, M. E., Mosteiro, P., Mount, B., Muratova, V., Musico, P., Nelson, A., Odrowski, S., Okounkova, M., Orsini, M., Ortica, F., Pagani, L., Pallavicini, M., Pantic, E., Papp, L., Parmeggiano, S., Parsells, R., Pelczar, K., Pelliccia, N., Perasso, S., Pocar, A., Pordes, S., Pugachev, D., Qian, H., Randle, K., Ranucci, G., Razeto, A., Reinhold, B., Renshaw, A., Romani, A., Rossi, B., Rossi, N., Rountree, S. D., Sablone, D., Saggese, P., Saldanha, R., Sands, W., Sangiorgio, S., Segreto, E., Semenov, D., Shields, E., Skorokhvatov, M., Smirnov, O., Sotnikov, A., Stanford, C., Suvorov, Y., Tartaglia, R., Tatarowicz, J., Testera, G., Tonazzo, A., Unzhakov, E., Vogelaar, R. B., Wada, M., Walker, Susan Elizabeth, Wang, H., Wang, Y., Watson, A., Westerdale, S., Wojcik, M., Wright, A., Xiang, X., Xu, J., Yang, C. G., Yoo, J., Zavatarelli, S., Zec, A., Zhu, C., Zuzel, G., P. Agnes, Mari, Stefano Maria, and The Darkside, Collaboration

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Liquid scintillator, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, WIMP, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, low-background detectors, Dark matter, Noble liquid detectors, FOS: Physical sciences, liquid scintillators, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, WIMP Argon Programme, 01 natural sciences, dark matter, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Low-background detectors, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Physics, ICARUS, Time projection chamber, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Liquid scintillators, Dark matter WIMP Noble liquid detectors Low-background detectors Liquid scintillators, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Low-background detector, noble liquid detectors, lcsh:QC1-999, DAMA/NaI, Weakly interacting massive particles, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Noble liquid detector, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, lcsh:Physics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We report the first results of DarkSide-50, a direct search for dark matter operating in the underground Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) and searching for the rare nuclear recoils possibly induced by weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs). The dark matter detector is a Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber with a (46.4+-0.7) kg active mass, operated inside a 30 t organic liquid scintillator neutron veto, which is in turn installed at the center of a 1 kt water Cherenkov veto for the residual flux of cosmic rays. We report here the null results of a dark matter search for a (1422+-67) kg d exposure with an atmospheric argon fill. This is the most sensitive dark matter search performed with an argon target, corresponding to a 90% CL upper limit on the WIMP-nucleon spin-independent cross section of 6.1x10^-44 cm^2 for a WIMP mass of 100 GeV/c^2., 26 pages, 7 figures; updated figures and references, notably Fig. 7 has updated CDMSII curve; fixed typos; clarified some language and figures; updated references

Published
2015
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5. Geo-neutrinos from 1353 Days with the Borexino Detector

Author

A.V. Etenko, D. Bravo, Caren Hagner, A. Pocar, Marcin Wójcik, O. Smirnov, K. Otis, P. Cavalcante, Y. Suvorov, Livia Ludhova, Aldo Romani, S. Gazzana, G. Lukyanchenko, G. Zuzel, A. V. Derbin, M. Misiaszek, A. M. Goretti, A. S. Chepurnov, P. J. Mosteiro, Lothar Oberauer, S. Manecki, Matthias Laubenstein, R. Saldanha, Denis Korablev, E. Litvinovich, N. Rossi, Marco Giammarchi, A. E. Chavarria, L. Perasso, F. von Feilitzsch, Fabio Mantovani, I. N. Machulin, Andrea Ianni, Alessandra Re, E. Meroni, D. Bick, Sandra Zavatarelli, Marco Pallavicini, M. D. Skorokhvatov, Michael Wurm, L. Grandi, D. D'Angelo, R. B. Vogelaar, Q. Meindl, Jingke Xu, Gioacchino Ranucci, C. Ghiano, Paolo Lombardi, Barbara Ricci, Cristiano Galbiati, G. Korga, A. Empl, S. Perasso, D. Kryn, Aldo Ianni, Lino Miramonti, T. Lewke, B. Caccianiga, V. N. Muratova, E. V. Hungerford, R. Tartaglia, M. Goeger-Neff, S. Schönert, Laura Cadonati, L. Papp, A. Sotnikov, C. Salvo, W. Maneschg, Fausto Ortica, G. Bellini, D. Vignaud, Giovanni Fiorentini, D. Franco, S. V. Sukhotin, M. Obolensky, G. Bonfini, M. Buizza Avanzini, A. Wright, O. Zaimidoroga, Frank Calaprice, Hardy Simgen, S. Davini, G. Testera, K. Fomenko, G. Manuzio, V. V. Kobychev, B. Loer, Yusuke Koshio, Jay Burton Benziger, F. Lombardi, A. Razeto, J. Winter, and A. A. Sabelnikov

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Physics and Astronomy (all), Detector, Ambientale, Physics and Astronomy(all), Mass ratio, Neutrino, Borexino
Abstract

We present a 1353 days measurement of the geo–neutrino flux in Borexino: the signal was found to be 14.3 ± 4.4 events. This result translates into S geo = (38.8 ± 12.0) TNU when a Th/U fixed chondritic mass ratio of 3.9 is assumed. Furthermore Borexino data are compatible with a mantle geo–neutrino signal of (15.4 ± 12.3) TNU.

Published
2015
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6. Sealed drift tube cosmic ray veto counters

Author

Gary E. Hogan, Christopher Morris, S. J. Seestrom, Takeyasu M. Ito, Brad Plaster, Mark Makela, M. Saltus, Henning O. Back, T. J. Bowles, R. Hill, C.R. Cottrell, John Ramsey, Robert W. Pattie, Michael Pitt, A. T. Holley, J. W. Martin, Leah Broussard, M. P. Mendenhall, F.E. Pasukanics, B. W. Filippone, R. Rios, A. R. Young, R. R. Mammei, Jianglai Liu, R. B. Vogelaar, E. Tatar, W. A. Teasdale, J. D. Bacon, Alexander Saunders, Kevin Hickerson, J. A. Green, W. E. Sondheim, and R. Mortenson

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Scintillation, Drift tube, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Detector, Veto, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutron, Instrumentation, Muon detector
Abstract

We describe a simple drift tube counter that has been used as a cosmic ray veto for the UCNA experiment, a first-ever measurement of the neutron beta-asymmetry using ultra-cold neutrons. These detectors provide an inexpensive alternative to more conventional scintillation detectors for large area cosmic ray anticoincidence detectors.

Published
2011
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7. First real time detection of 7Be solar neutrinos by Borexino

Author

A. Martemianov, S. Gazzana, K. McCarty, Andrew Sonnenschein, Malcolm J. Joyce, M. Misiaszek, Cristiano Galbiati, S. Vitale, G. Manuzio, S. Hardy, C. Salvo, O. Smirnov, Hardy Simgen, Matthias Laubenstein, V. Muratova, M. E. Monzani, O. Zaimidoroga, A. Pocar, Andrea Ianni, Sandra Zavatarelli, A.V. Etenko, Aldo Ianni, M. Goeger-Neff, G. Testera, A. Razeto, Livia Ludhova, V. G. Tarasenkov, D. Franco, F. Dalnoki-Veress, R. Tartaglia, L. Papp, G. Bellini, R. J. Ford, R. S. Raghavan, Marco Giammarchi, C. Arpesella, S. Bonetti, Marcin Wójcik, G. Korga, D. Kryn, Fausto Masetti, A. A. Sabelnikov, Paolo Lombardi, M. Skorokhvatov, C. Grieb, S. V. Sukhotin, Y. Suvorov, R. B. Vogelaar, Martin Deutsch, S. Schönert, L. Oberauer, M. Obolensky, H. de Kerret, L. Perasso, Fausto Ortica, I. Machulin, E. Litvinovich, B. Caccianiga, F. Calaprice, F. von Feilitzsch, L. Niedermeier, Michael K.H. Leung, B. Freudiger, Marco Pallavicini, D. D'Angelo, K. Fomenko, J. Benziger, G. Zuzel, A. Sotnikov, A. Derbin, E. Meroni, A. Goretti, G. Heusser, Gioacchino Ranucci, D. Montanari, D. Vignaud, Lino Miramonti, APC - Neutrinos, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Borexino, Arpesella, C., Suvorov, Y., Et, Al., Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, and PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)

Subjects
Low background detector, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Liquid scintillator, Neutrino oscillation, [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Solar neutrino, FOS: Physical sciences, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Neutrino Oscillations, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Borexino, Physics, ICARUS, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics (astro-ph), High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Solar neutrino problem, Low Background Detectors, Liquid Scintillators, 3. Good health, Solar Neutrinos, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Neutrino detector, [PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], Measurements of neutrino speed, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino
Abstract

This paper reports a direct measurement of the Be7 solar neutrino signal rate performed with the Borexino low background liquid scintillator detector. This is the first real-time spectral measurement of sub-MeV solar neutrinos. The result for 0.862 MeV Be7 is 47 +- 7 (stat} +- 12 (sys} counts/(day x 100 ton), consistent with predictions of Standard Solar Models and neutrino oscillations with LMA-MSW parameters., Paper submitted to PRLB. 9 pages, 6 figures (EPS) PDF files included into tar.gz file, together with LaTeX source, eps figs and style files

Published
2008
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8. The nylon scintillator containment vessels for the Borexino solar neutrino experiment

Author

R. Fernholz, F. Loeser, Cristiano Galbiati, A. Pocar, An. Ianni, E. de Haas, S. Kidner, R. Parsells, R. J. Ford, A. M. Goretti, Jay Burton Benziger, Aldo Ianni, Frank Calaprice, Laura Cadonati, E. Harding, R. B. Vogelaar, Andrew Sonnenschein, Mei-Kei Leung, K. McCarty, A. Nelson, and T. A. Shutt

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Photomultiplier, Scintillation, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Solar neutrino, FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Scintillator, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, Recoil, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, Electromagnetic shielding, Neutrino, 010306 general physics, business, Instrumentation, Borexino
Abstract

Borexino is a solar neutrino experiment designed to observe the 0.86 MeV Be 7 neutrinos emitted in the pp cycle of the sun. Neutrinos will be detected by their elastic scattering on electrons in 100 ton of liquid scintillator. The neutrino event rate in the scintillator is expected to be low ( ∼ 0.35 events per day per ton), and the signals will be at energies below 1.5 MeV, where background from natural radioactivity is prominent. Scintillation light produced by the recoil electrons is observed by an array of 2240 photomultiplier tubes. Because of the intrinsic radioactive contaminants in these PMTs, the liquid scintillator is shielded from them by a thick barrier of buffer fluid. A spherical vessel made of thin nylon film contains the scintillator, separating it from the surrounding buffer. The buffer region itself is divided into two concentric shells by a second nylon vessel in order to prevent inward diffusion of radon atoms. The radioactive background requirements for Borexino are challenging to meet, especially for the scintillator and these nylon vessels. Besides meeting requirements for low radioactivity, the nylon vessels must also satisfy requirements for mechanical, optical, and chemical properties. The present paper describes the research and development, construction, and installation of the nylon vessels for the Borexino experiment.

Published
2007
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9. Demonstration of a solid deuterium source of ultra-cold neutrons

Author

B. Tipton, Chen-Yu Liu, Christopher Morris, K.W Jones, T. Kawai, T. J. Bowles, Junhua Yuan, Mark Makela, L. J. Marek, W. A. Teasdale, Takeyasu M. Ito, Juan-Manuel Anaya, R. Hill, Alexander Saunders, Seth Hoedl, J. W. Martin, B. W. Filippone, Peter Geltenbort, Steve K. Lamoreaux, Klaus Kirch, David R. Smith, A. P. Serebrov, R. Mortensen, Gary E. Hogan, Masahiro Hino, Albert Young, R. B. Vogelaar, A. Pichlmaier, and S. J. Seestrom

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, chemistry.chemical_element, FOS: Physical sciences, Cryogenics, Magnetic field, Nuclear physics, Deuterium, chemistry, Carbon–fluorine bond, Neutron source, Neutron, Spallation, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Nuclear Experiment, Helium
Abstract

Ultra-cold neutrons (UCN), neutrons with energies low enough to be confined by the Fermi potential in material bottles, are playing an increasing role in measurements of fundamental properties of the neutron. The ability to manipulate UCN with material guides and bottles, magnetic fields, and gravity can lead to experiments with lower systematic errors than have been obtained in experiments with cold neutron beams. The UCN densities provided by existing reactor sources limit these experiments. The promise of much higher densities from solid deuterium sources has led to proposed facilities coupled to both reactor and spallation neutron sources. In this Letter we report on the performance of a prototype spallation neutron-driven solid deuterium source. This source produced bottled UCN densities of 145±7 UCN/cm 3 , about three times greater than the largest bottled UCN densities previously reported. These results indicate that a production UCN source with substantially higher densities should be possible.

Published
2004
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10. Multi-wire proportional chamber for ultra-cold neutron detection

Author

R. Mortenson, A. T. Holley, Henning O. Back, S. J. Seestrom, Jinyang Liu, R. Rios, Kevin Hickerson, R. B. Vogelaar, R. R. Mammei, T. J. Bowles, J. W. Martin, J. Gonzales, W. E. Sondheim, Leah Broussard, Robert W. Pattie, Blakely A. Plaster, M. P. Mendenhall, W. A. Teasdale, Mark Makela, John Ramsey, A. R. Young, Margaret L. Pitt, R. Hill, Alexander Saunders, Gary E. Hogan, and Charles L. Morris

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Optics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Detector, Ionization chamber, Neutron detection, Neutron, Nuclear Experiment, business, Instrumentation
Abstract

In this paper we describe the principles that have guided our design and the experience we have gained building multi-wire proportional chambers detectors for the ultra-cold neutron (UCN) source at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE). Simple robust detectors with 50 cm2 of active area have been designed. These have been used both in ion chamber and proportional mode for the detection of UCN.

Published
2009
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11. A scintillator purification system for a large scale solar neutrino experiment

Author

N. Darnton, M. Chen, R. Loeser, Michael Johnson, Jay Burton Benziger, Frank Calaprice, and R. B. Vogelaar

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Stripping (chemistry), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Vacuum distillation, Liquid scintillation counting, Detector, Analytical chemistry, Scintillator, law.invention, Ion, Nuclear physics, law, Impurity, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Instrumentation, Filtration
Abstract

An on-line purification system for a large-scale low-background liquid scintillation detector has been tested with the 5 t liquid scintillation detector, the Counting Test Facility at Gran Sasso. Counter-current water extraction removes polar and charged impurities such as ions and metal salts. Vacuum distillation of the entire scintillator has been applied to remove both radioactive impurities and chemical impurities that affect the optical properties of the scintillator. Filtration with a 0.05 μm particulate filter removed suspended dust particles that may contain U, Th and K. Nitrogen stripping was employed to remove dissolved water and noble gases (e.g. 85 Kr) from the scintillator. The system has effectively reduced the internal back in the 5 t liquid scintillation detector from 470±90 events/d to the detection limit of the detector (±45 events/d) in the energy window 250 E

Published
1998
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12. Measurement of the 14C abundance in a low-background liquid scintillator

Author

R. B. Vogelaar, Ugo Mazzucato, S. Magni, G. Bellini, S. Schönert, M. Deutsch, Fausto Elisei, G. Heusser, Stefano Bonetti, A. Golubchikov, Lothar Oberauer, Sandra Malvezzi, O. Smirnov, Gioacchino Ranucci, M. Ruscitti, R. S. Raghavan, N. Darnton, Matthias Laubenstein, Flavio Gatti, M. Johnson, A. de Bari, R. Tartaglia, I. Manno, F. von Feilitzsch, E. Meroni, Laura Cadonati, G. Cecchet, G. Angloher, G. Manuzio, G. Testera, D. Giugni, A. Perotti, R. von Hentig, J. Jochum, M. Neff, Frank Calaprice, G. Alimonti, A. Ianni, R. Scardaoni, C. Arpesella, Fausto Masetti, T. Hagner, A. Nostro, O. Zaimidoroga, A. Goretti, M. Balata, T. Goldbrunner, Cristiano Galbiati, S. Vitale, Elisa Resconi, F. X. Hartmann, Marco Giammarchi, Paolo Lombardi, A. Preda, P. Ullucci, M. L. Chen, and Jay Burton Benziger

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Abundance (chemistry), Solar neutrino, Liquid scintillation counting, Detector, Flux, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Scintillator, Spectroscopy
Abstract

The 14 C/ 12 C ratio in 4.8 m 3 of high-purity liquid scintillator was measured at (1.94±0.09)×10 −18 , the lowest 14 C abundance ever measured. At this level the spectroscopy of low-energy solar neutrinos, in particular a measurement of the 7 Be neutrino flux, will not be obstructed by the 14 C β decay intrinsic to a liquid scintillator detector. A comprehensive study of the deviation of the shape of the 14 C β spectrum from the allowed statistical shape reveals consistent results with recent observations and calculations. Possible origins of the 14 C in the liquid scintillator are discussed.

Published
1998
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13. Removal of cosmogenic 7Be from scintillators

Author

Frank Calaprice, R. B. Vogelaar, N. Darnton, and Jay Burton Benziger

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Scintillation, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Solar neutrino, Detector, Scintillator, law.invention, Nuclear physics, law, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Instrumentation, Distillation, Borexino, Counting rate, Removal techniques
Abstract

Cosmogenic Be can provide a substantial background to low threshold and low counting rate scintillation detectors such as the Borexino solar neutrino detector. The efficacy of various 7Be removal techniques is examined. Distillation appears to be the best with a reduction factor of at least 1000 per stage.

Published
1996
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14. States in 12B and primordial nucleosynthesis

Author

R. K. Das, J. C. Blackmon, Z. Q. Mao, Arthur E Champagne, R. B. Vogelaar, K. I. Hahn, and Junhua Yuan

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Big Bang nucleosynthesis, Resonance, Neutron, Atomic physics, Branching (polymer chemistry), Excitation
Abstract

The 9 Be(α, p) 12 B has been used to populate states which could correspond to astrophysically significant resonances in the 8 Li(α, n) 11 B reaction. The branching ratios for neutron decays have been measured and the neutron angular distributions have been used to determine J π for these states. This information, combined with previous measurements of excitation energies and total widths, allows us to extract the resonance strengths for these states. The astrophysical significance of these results is discussed.

Published
1994
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15. States in 12B and primordial nucleosynthesis

Author

Z. Q. Mao, Arthur E Champagne, and R. B. Vogelaar

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear reaction, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Big Bang nucleosynthesis, Resonance, Atomic physics, Excitation
Abstract

The 9 Be(α, p) 12 B and 11 B(d, p) 12 B reactions have been used to determine excitation energies, total widths and spin-parities for states which could correspond to astrophysically significant resonances in the 8 Li(α, n) 11 B reaction. Six such states are observed at E x = 10.199, 10.417, 10.564, 10.880, 11.328 and 11.571 MeV. None of these states corresponds to the broad resonance observed in the 11 B(n, α) 8 Li reaction. However, we find no evidence that such a resonance exists.

Published
1994
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16. Investigating the astrophysically important Ex = 2.646 MeV state in 20Na

Author

R. B. Vogelaar, M. A. Hofstee, Michael Scott Smith, K. Yildiz, P. D. Parker, B.M Young, A. J. Howard, N. P. T. Bateman, J. C. Blackmon, and Arthur E Champagne

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, CNO cycle, Proton, Branching fraction, Proton decay, chemistry.chemical_element, Resonance (particle physics), Spectral line, Nuclear physics, Neon, chemistry, Excited state, Atomic physics, Instrumentation
Abstract

Observations of neon lines in the spectra of energetic novae have prompted a renewed look at explosive hydrogen burning. The 19Ne(p, γ)20Na reaction is expected to play a major role in the breakout of the hot CNO cycle to the rp-process, which can process CNO nuclei to heavier elements. The reaction rate is dominated by the lowest resonance in the 19Ne + p system, corresponding to the Ex = 2.646 MeV state in 20Na. A large variety of nuclear experimental techniques have been used to study this state; e.g. charge exchange reactions, β-delayed proton decay and radioactive beams. Their results have lead to a Jπ = 3+ assignment for this state [B. Brown et al., Phys. Rev. C 48 (1993) 1456], allowing an estimate of the proton width (Γp). This leaves the gamma width (Γγ) to be determined. We have performed 20Ne(3He, experiments to measure the branching ratio ( Γ γ Γ ) of the Ex = 2.646 MeV excited state in 20Na.

Published
1995
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17. The fabrication and properties of a 22Na target

Author

Martin J. Savage, B. W. Filippone, Joachim Görres, L. W. Mitchell, B. Leist, K. H. Chang, R. B. Vogelaar, Karl Kratz, and Michael Wiescher

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Fabrication, Impurity, Homogeneity (physics), Analytical chemistry, Nanotechnology, Instrumentation
Abstract

A 60 μCi radioactive 22 Na target has been produced to study the reaction 22 Na(p, γ) 23 Mg. The diffusion of NaCl-target material into various backings has been studied via the 23 Na(p, γ) 24 Mg reaction. The stability, homogeneity and impurities of the target were studied. The results of these studies are discussed.

Published
1988
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