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1. Carbon dynamics driven by seawater recirculation and groundwater discharge along a forest-dune-beach continuum of a high-energy meso-macro-tidal sandy coast

Author

Loris Deirmendjian, Dominique Poirier, Stéphane Bujan, Alfonso Mucci, Pierre Anschutz, Céline Charbonnier, Pascal Lecroart, Gwenaël Abril, Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Universidade Federal Fluminense [Rio de Janeiro] (UFF), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)

Subjects
tidal beach, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Groundwater flow, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Intertidal zone, submarine groundwater discharge, Aquifer, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Geochemistry and Petrology, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, Dissolved organic carbon, Aquitaine coast, Groundwater discharge, 14. Life underwater, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, aerobic benthic respiration, 6. Clean water, Submarine groundwater discharge, subterranean estuary, Oceanography, 13. Climate action, Environmental science, Seawater, CO2 degassing, Groundwater
Abstract

International audience; High-energy tidal beaches are exposed to strong physical forcings. The submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) that occurs in intertidal sandy sediments includes both terrestrial, fresh groundwater flow and seawater recirculation, and plays a significant role in regulating biogeochemical cycles in some coastal zones. In this transition zone between land and sea, complex biogeochemical reactions alter the chemical composition of pore waters that discharge to the coastal ocean. Recent studies highlight that SGD can be a significant source of carbon to the coastal ocean but very few have investigated SGD in high-energy environments. We have characterized the dissolved carbon dynamics in such a high-energy environment (Truc Vert Beach, SW France) through pore water sampling in key compartments of the SGD system. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC), pH, total alkalinity (TA), and the isotopic composition of dissolved inorganic carbon (d 13 C-DIC) were measured in pore waters sampled at regular intervals between 2011 and 2014 in the intertidal zone of the beach, the mixing zone of the subterranean estuary (STE), and the freshwater aquifer upstream from the beach. Results reveal that SGD exports dissolved carbon mostly as DIC to the Aquitaine coast some of which originates from the aerobic respiration of marine organic matter within the beach aquifer. This is highlighted by the opposite spatial trend of DOC, which is consumed, and DIC, which is produced. Saline pore waters expelled from the beach through tidally-driven recirculation of seawater provide about 4400 tons of carbon per year to the coastal zone of the 240 km-long Aquitaine sandy coast. Terrestrial groundwater, characterized by high pCO2 values, is also a significant contributor to the DIC flux to the coastal ocean (16200 tons per year). This flux is abated by CO2 evasion in the upper beach, at the onset of the salinity gradient in the STE, and within the surficial freshwater aquifer along the forest-beach transect below the coastal foredune. Accordingly, the DIC:TA ratio evolves to below 1, suggesting that this SGD increases the buffer capacity of coastal seawater against acidification. This study demonstrates that high-energy beaches are active vectors of DIC from the land to the coastal ocean as well as significant sources of CO2 to the atmosphere, and must therefore be taken into consideration in SGD carbon budgets.

Published
2021
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2. A first assessment of organic carbon burial in the West Gironde Mud Patch (Bay of Biscay)

Author

Pascal Lebleu, John P. Walsh, Nicolas Dubosq, Dominique Poirier, Antoine Grémare, Sabine Schmidt, Hervé Gillet, Marie-Claire Perello, Bastien Lamarque, Bruno Deflandre, UMR 5805 Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and University of Rhode Island (URI)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, West Gironde Mud Patch, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Sedimentary structures, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, Transect, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Total organic carbon, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Organic carbon burial, Continental shelf, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Sediment, Geology, Sedimentation, Bay of Biscay, 13. Climate action, Sedimentary rock, Bay, Sediment accumulation rate
Abstract

International audience; On the Bay of Biscay continental shelf, there are several mid-shelf mud patches including La Grande Vasière to the north, the West Gironde Mud Patch (WGMP) off the Gironde estuary and the Basque Mud Patch close to the Spanish border. In general, these deposits are several meters thick and cover coarser substrate. Questions remain about their storage capability for fine particles and carbon. This work investigates the sedimentation of the WGMP in order to develop a first estimate of organic carbon (OC) burial. Interface sediment cores were collected at nine stations along two cross-shelf transects in October-November 2016. X-radiograph imaging and grain-size analyses were used to characterize sedimentary structures. 210 Pb xs depth profiles were established to calculate sediment (SAR) and mass (MAR) accumulation rates. Sedimentary structures indicate episodic sandy inputs overlying older deposits at proximal sites, and relatively continuous sedimentation at seaward locations. On the outer-central portion of the northern transect, a maximum SAR (0.47 cm yr − 1) was observed, suggesting a depocenter. On the southern transect, excluding two stations where sedimentary inputs appear massive but sporadic, the SARs are lower (

Published
2021
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3. Contamination polymétallique des Lacs AQuitains et impacts Humains (CLAQH)

Author

Régine Maury Brachet, jean-marc ANDRE, Pierre Anschutz, Alyssa Azaroff, Magalie Baudrimont, Vincent Bertrin, Sébastien Boutry, Damien Buquet, Axel Canredon, Celine Charbonnier, Agnès Feurtet-Mazel, Claire Gassie, Sophie Gentes, Pierre Gilfriche, Remy Guyoneaud, Gwilherm Jan, Mickael Laclau, Alexia Legeay, Véronique Lespinet-Najib, Brice Löhrer, Théo Marechal, Mathilde Monperrus, Zoyne Pedrero, Maud Pierre, Dominique Poirier, Armand Poli, Cristina Ribaudo, Léna Rossi, EPOC - CNRS, UMR 5805, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Cognitique (ENSC), Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux, Ecosystèmes aquatiques et changements globaux (UR EABX), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut des sciences analytiques et de physico-chimie pour l'environnement et les materiaux (IPREM), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (Bordeaux INP), Université de Bordeaux, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA), INRAE, École Nationale Supérieure de Cognitique, UMR 5805 Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Aquitaine, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract

En 2013, une étude de l'ANSES sur la contamination par le mercure (Hg) de la chair des poissons des quatre plus grands lacs aquitains -Hourtin-Carcans (HC), Lacanau (L), Cazaux-Sanguinet (CS) et Parentis-Biscarrosse (PB)- a montré que des concentrations dépassant les recommandations de consommation (0,5 mg Hg.kg-1 poids frais) des poissons carnivores des lacs HC et L ont été observées chez le sandre (Sander Lucioperca). Cette contamination pouvant constituer un risque pour la santé humaine, un arrêté préfectoral a interdit la consommation de sandres péchés dans ces lacs. Par ailleurs, cette première étude a mis en évidence un gradient de contamination nord-sud, les poissons pêchés dans les lacs médocains (HC et L) étant plus contaminés que ceux pêchés dans les lacs landais (CS et PB). Les résultats du projet CLAQH ont confirmé ce gradient décroissant nord-sud dans la chair des poissons carnivores. Les concentrations en mercure atmosphérique mesurées ponctuellement ou accumulées dans les mousses végétales autour des lacs sont caractéristiques d’environnements dits « éloignés et vierges » de toutes sources significatives de contamination. D'autres facteurs pouvant expliquer ce gradient de contamination chez les poissons ont été étudiés, tels que la structure de la chaîne alimentaire et le rôle potentiel des plantes aquatiques dans la méthylation du Hg, la forme méthylée du mercure étant la forme la plus disponible pour les organismes biologiques et la plus toxique. Aucun des facteurs étudiés ne peut expliquer ces différences nord-sud. En revanche, un important gradient décroissant de concentrations en sulfate nord-sud a été mesuré dans les eaux et les sédiments des 4 lacs. L’enrichissement en sulfate des lacs médocains provient des zones agricoles du bassin versant du lac de Hourtin-Carcans. La présence de ces sulfates favorise le développement de bactéries sulfato-réductrices, localisées principalement au niveau du biofilm des plantes aquatiques et du sédiment, responsables de la production de méthylmercure. Cette production accrue de méthylmercure dans les lacs de Hourtin-Carcans et de Lacanau est responsable de la forte accumulation de ce métal dans les poissons carnivores de ces lacs. Cette étude préconise de ne pas consommer les poissons carnivores issus de ces deux lacs pour les personnes les plus vulnérables (femmes enceintes et enfants). Par ailleurs, douze autres éléments traces métalliques ont été analysés dans les muscles des poissons et aucun risque pour la santé et l'environnement n'a été décelé pour les métaux réglementés (Cd, Pb) et non réglementés (Cu, Zn, As, Ni, Co, V, Cr, Se, Ag, Al) par la Commission européenne.

Published
2020

4. Lake sediment mercury biogeochemistry controlled by sulphate input from drainage basin

Author

Serge Galaup, Benoit Gouillieux, Ludovic Devaux, Stéphane Bujan, Emmanuel Tessier, Régine Maury-Brachet, Dominique Poirier, Axel Canredon, Sophie Gentès, Pierre Anschutz, Céline Charbonnier, David Amouroux, Agnès Feurtet-Mazel, Alexia Legeay, Damien Buquet, Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 5805 Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux (EPOC), Institut des sciences analytiques et de physico-chimie pour l'environnement et les materiaux (IPREM), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Environnement, Géo-ingénierie et Développement (EGID), ANR Labex Côte, Agence de l'eau Adour-Garonne, Région Nouvelle Aquitaine (Projet CLAQH), Syndicat Intercommunal d’Aménagement des Eaux du Bassin Versant des Etangs du Littoral Girondin (SIAEBVELG), NSU-EC2CO-BIOHcEFEC (LITTOLAC project), and égion NouvelleA quitaine and INRA (project PSDR AQUAVIT )

Subjects
Biogeochemical cycle, Drainage basin, chemistry.chemical_element, Mercury methylation, 010501 environmental sciences, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Predatory fish, Geochemistry and Petrology, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Environmental Chemistry, Fish contamination, 14. Life underwater, Freshwater lake, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Sediment, Biogeochemistry, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, Sulphate, Pollution, Anoxic waters, 6. Clean water, Mercury (element), [CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistry, [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Benthic zone, Aquatic sediment, Environmental chemistry, Environmental science
Abstract

International audience; Mercury (Hg) and methyl mercury (MeHg) concentrations have never been measured in sediments of coastal lakes of Aquitaine, although high concentrations of Hg have been measured in fish. Our objective was to characterize benthic biogeochemical processes and the distribution of Hg in lake sediments and to connect these results with fish contamination. For this, we mapped and characterized sediments. We measured sediment Hg and MeHg content, and biogeochemical parameters. We identified organic deposits in deep areas, and sandy sediments in shallow areas. Sediments were anoxic below the sediment–water interface. The average Hg concentration in organic sediment was 213 μg kg−1 dry weight. Sandy sediments had an average Hg concentration of 4 μg kg−1 dw. We measured concentrations below 6 μg kg−1 dw in sediments from streams that drain the catchment. Similar concentrations in the four lakes suggest that the source of total Hg was not a point source in a given lake. The highest MeHg concentrations were found in the upper centimetres of organic sediments, where sulphate reduction occurred. MeHg represented 2.53% of total Hg for Lake Carcans-Hourtin, less in other lakes. The proportion of MeHg in sediment followed lake water sulphate concentrations. High sulphate concentrations resulted from agricultural activity in the Lake Carcans-Hourtin catchment. Our results corroborate the hypothesis that Hg methylation is linked to sulphate-reducing activity. High fluxes of sulphate from a drainage basin may induce large proportions of potentially bioavailable MeHg in lake sediment, even in non-polluted areas. The Hg methylation activity in the sediment reflected the exposure of predatory fish to MeHg.

Published
2019
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5. Importance of the vegetation-groundwater-stream continuum to understand transformation of biogenic carbon in aquatic systems – A case study based on a pine-maize comparison in a lowland sandy watershed (Landes de Gascogne, SW France)

Author

Céline Charbonnier, Baptiste Voltz, Damien Buquet, Alain Mollier, Denis Loustau, Luiz C. Cotovicz, Dominique Poirier, Pierre Anschutz, Gwenaël Abril, Gwénaëlle Chaillou, Katixa Lajaunie, Christian Morel, Loris Deirmendjian, Laurent Augusto, Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère (UMR ISPA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine (Bordeaux Sciences Agro), Écologie fonctionnelle et physique de l'environnement (EPHYSE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Universidade Federal Fluminense [Rio de Janeiro] (UFF), Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d’Océanologie et de Géosciences (LOG) - UMR 8187 (LOG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Nord]), Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère (ISPA), Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Agronomiques de Bordeaux-Aquitaine (Bordeaux Sciences Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Écologie fonctionnelle et physique de l'environnement (EPHYSE - UR1263), UMR 5805 Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux (EPOC), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)

Subjects
Environmental Engineering, Denitrification, Farms, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Water table, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Drainage basin, STREAMS, 010501 environmental sciences, Forests, 01 natural sciences, Zea mays, Rivers, Dissolved organic carbon, Environmental Chemistry, Waste Management and Disposal, Groundwater, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Hydrology, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 15. Life on land, Pinus, Pollution, Anoxic waters, 6. Clean water, Carbon, Pine, Maize, Carbon dioxide, 13. Climate action, Soil water, Land use, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Environmental science, Embryophyta, Stream, France, Methane, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract

During land-aquatic transfer, carbon (C) and inorganic nutrients (IN) are transformed in soils, groundwater, and at the groundwater-surface water interface as well as in stream channels and stream sediments. However, processes and factors controlling these transfers and transformations are not well constrained, particularly with respect to land use effect. We compared C and IN concentrations in shallow groundwater and first-order streams of a sandy lowland catchment dominated by two types of land use: pine forest and maize cropland. Contrary to forest groundwater, crop groundwater exhibited oxic conditions all-year round as a result of higher evapotranspiration and better lateral drainage that decreased the water table below the organic-rich soil horizon, prevented the leaching of soil-generated dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in groundwater, and thus limited consumption of dissolved oxygen (O-2). In crop groundwater, oxic conditions inhibited denitrification and methanogenesis resulting in high nitrate (NO3-; on average 1140 +/- 485 mu mol L-1) and low methane (CH4; 40 +/- 25 nmol L-1) concentrations. Conversely, anoxic conditions in forest groundwater led to lower NO3- (25 +/- 40 mu mol L-1) and higher CH4 (1770 +/- 1830 nmol L-1) concentrations. The partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO(2); 30,650 +/- 11,590 ppmv) in crop groundwater was significantly lower than in forest groundwater (50,630 +/- 26,070 ppmv), and was apparently caused by the deeper water table delaying downward diffusion of soil CO2 to the water table. In contrast, pCO(2) was not significantly different in crop (4480 +/- 2680 ppmv) and forest (4900 +/- 4500 ppmv) streams, suggesting faster degassing in forest streams resulting from greater water turbulence. Although NO3- concentrations indicated that denitrification occurred in riparian-forest groundwater, crop streams nevertheless exhibited important signs of spring and summer eutrophication such as the development of macrophytes. Stream eutrophication favored development of anaerobic conditions in crop stream sediments, as evidenced by increased ammonia (NH4+) and CH4 in stream waters and concomitant decreased in NO3- concentrations as a result of sediment denitrification. In crop streams, dredging and erosion of streambed sediments during winter sustained high concentration of particulate organic C, NH4+ and CH4. In forest streams, dissolved iron (Fe2+), NH4+ and CH4 were negatively correlated with O-2 reflecting the gradual oxygenation of stream water and associated oxidations of Fe2+, NH4+ and CH4. The results overall showed that forest groundwater behaved as source of CO2 and CH4 to streams, the intensity depending on the hydrological connectivity among soils, groundwater, and streams. CH4 production was prevented in cropland in soils and groundwater, however crop groundwater acted as a source of CO2 to streams (but less so than forest groundwater). Conversely, in streams, pCO(2) was not significantly affected by land use while CH4 production was enhanced by cropland. At the catchment scale, this study found substantial biogeochemical heterogeneity in C and IN concentrations between forest and crop waters, demonstrating the importance of including the full vegetation-groundwater-stream continuum when estimating land-water fluxes of C (and nitrogen) and attempting to understand their spatial and temporal dynamics.

Published
2019
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6. Transient biogeochemistry in intertidal sediments: New insights from tidal pools in Zostera noltei meadows of Arcachon Bay (France)

Author

Olivier Maire, Dominique Poirier, Bruno Deflandre, Pierre Anschutz, Sylvain Rigaud, Jean-Claude Duchêne, Guillaume Bernard, Détection, évaluation, gestion des risques CHROniques et éMErgents (CHROME) / Université de Nîmes (CHROME), Université de Nîmes (UNIMES), UMR 5805 Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Biogeochemical cycle, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Dissolved silica, Intertidal zone, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Water column, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, Environmental Chemistry, 14. Life underwater, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, Zostera noltei, biology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Sediment, Biogeochemistry, General Chemistry, biology.organism_classification, 6. Clean water, 13. Climate action, Benthic zone, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Environmental science
Abstract

International audience; Several studies highlighted the occurrence of circular pools in intertidal flats of different coastal systems and their transient water chemistry over both tidal and diurnal cycles. However, little is known about (1) the response of benthic biogeochemical reactions and fluxes at the sediment-water interface over such short time scales, and (2) the role of these tidal pools in the biogeochemical functioning of coastal systems. Based on in situ microprofiles and water sampling, we investigated the dynamics of dissolved oxygen (O2), nutrients, sulfides and metals, and the associated fluxes at the sediment-water interface in tidal pools from the Arcachon Bay (Atlantic coast of France). Our integrative approach included several tidal and diurnal cycles over two different seasons in the presence and absence of Zostera noltei. The results show that water temperature and light irradiance were the main factors driving the biogeochemical functioning of the tidal pools, as they controlled the physiological activity of the microphytobenthos. Changes in light radiations induced diurnal fluctuations of O2 concentrations within surficial sediment, thus resulting in fluctuations of the O2 diffusive fluxes at the sediment-water interface and of the O2 penetration depth in sediment. At high tide, the increase in turbulence above the sediment induced the advection of oxygenated water within the first millimeters of sediment, resulting in a significant increase in porewater O2 concentrations and sediment O2 penetration depth. Porewater sulfide concentrations and apparition depth were concomitant with the O2 dynamic over both diurnal and tidal cycles, indicating that intermediate redox diagenetic processes were impacted by O2 dynamic over such short time-scale. The rapid changes in redox processes in the sediment column are confirmed by a significant flux of dissolved manganese toward the water column during nighttime. The consumption of nitrate and the release of ammonium and phosphate, associated to the mineralization of the organic matter in the surface sediment did not appeared related however to such short time cycles. The efflux of dissolved silica from the sediment was most likely associated with the enhanced dissolution of Si-bearing particles in surface sediment at higher temperatures, although silica uptake by Z. noltei was also noted. This study clearly shows that tidal pools function as natural incubators of transient biogeochemical processes. A rough assessment of the nutrient budget at the scale of the bay indicates the tidal pools may contribute significantly to the biogeochemical functioning of Arcachon Bay.

Published
2018
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7. Predominance of phytoplankton-derived dissolved and particulate organic carbon in a highly eutrophic tropical coastal embayment (Guanabara Bay, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil)

Author

Dominique Poirier, Suzan J. Costa Santos, Gwenaël Abril, Renato Campello Cordeiro, Bastiaan A. Knoppers, Nilva Brandini, Luiz C. Cotovicz, Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Departamento de Geoquímica, Universidade Federal Fluminense [Rio de Janeiro] (UFF), Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (POSGEA-UFRGS), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, UMR 5805 Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux (EPOC), and Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Chlorophyll a, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Geophysics [physics.geo-ph], 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Phytoplankton, Dissolved organic carbon, Environmental Chemistry, 14. Life underwater, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Water Science and Technology, Total organic carbon, Biomass (ecology), 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Plankton, Oceanography, chemistry, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Environmental science, Eutrophication, Bay
Abstract

We investigate the carbon dynamics in Guanabara Bay, an eutrophic tropical coastal embayment surrounded by the megacity of Rio de Janeiro (southeast coast of Brazil). Nine sampling campaigns were conducted for dissolved, particulate and total organic carbon (DOC, POC and TOC), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2), chlorophyll a (Chl a), pheo-pigments and ancillary parameters. Highest DOC, POC and Chl a concentrations were found in confined-shallow regions of the bay during the summer period with strong pCO2 undersaturation, and DOC reached 82 mg L−1, POC 152 mg L−1, and Chl a 800 μg L−1. Spatially and temporally, POC and DOC concentrations varied positively with total pigments, and negatively with DIC. Strong linear correlations between these parameters indicate that the production of TOC translates to an equivalent uptake in DIC, with 85% of the POC and about 50% of the DOC being of phytoplanktonic origin. Despite the shallow depths of the bay, surface waters were enriched in POC and DOC relative to bottom waters in periods of high thermohaline stratification. The seasonal accumulation of phytoplankton-derived TOC in the surface waters reached about 105 g C m−2 year−1, representing between 8 and 40% of the net primary production. The calculated turnover time of organic carbon was 117 and 34 days during winter and summer, respectively. Our results indicate that eutrophication of coastal bays in the tropics can generate large stocks of planktonic biomass and detrital organic carbon which are permanently being produced and partially degraded and buried in sediments.

Published
2018
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8. Live (Stained) Benthic Foraminifera Off Walvis Bay, Namibia: A Deep-Sea Ecosystem under the Influence of Bottom Nepheloid Layers

Author

Dominique Poirier, Antoine Grémare, MÉlissa Jouffreau, Christophe Fontanier, Gérard Chabaud, Claire Waelbroeck, Edouard Metzger, Nina LeFloch, Bruno Deflandre, Sabrina Bichon, Henri Etcheber, Frans Jorissen, Bio-Indicateurs Actuels et Fossiles (BIAF), Université d'Angers (UA), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique - Angers (LPG-ANGERS), Laboratoire de Planétologie et Géodynamique [UMR 6112] (LPG), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paléocéanographie (PALEOCEAN), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), UMR 5805 Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux (EPOC), and Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)

Subjects
010506 paleontology, education.field_of_study, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, biology, Nepheloid layer, Population, Paleontology, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Oxygen minimum zone, 01 natural sciences, Microbiology, Foraminifera, Oceanography, 13. Climate action, Benthic zone, Deep sea communities, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 14. Life underwater, education, Transect, Bay, Geology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

We present an ecological investigation of live (stained) foraminiferal faunas (>150-μm fraction) from four deep-sea stations sampled in the eastern South Atlantic off Walvis Bay, Namibia. These stations describe a bathymetric transect from ~900 to ~3000-m depth, below the oxygen minimum zone related to the Benguela upweling system. The mineralization of organic detritus, as suggested by oxygen-penetration depths and ΔpH depth profiles, is relatively intense along the overall bathymetrie transect. Organic carbon and amino-acid contents in the surface sediment are high between ~900-2000-m depth (e.g., C org > 1.7%, THAA > 47 nmol/mg), and decrease along the bathymetrie transect. Carbon-14 ages and grain-size distribution determined for the upper sediment suggest a complex balance between erosion, transportation, and deposition at all stations. Bottom nepheloid layers (BNLs) are well-documented in our study area. They are relevant candidates for the dispersion and accumulation of reworked organic compounds along the Namibian slope. Foraminiferal faunas living at the three shallower sites are characterized by species (e.g., Cibicidoides kullembergi, Bulimina inflatalcostata) related to the enhanced productivity. The occurrence of epibiotic species ( Cibicides refulgens, Gavelinopsis translucens, and C kullenbergi ) argues for bottom currents supplying organic compounds in suspension above the sediment-water interface. In those environmental conditions, Reophax bilocularis, R. pilulifer, and Lagenammina difflugiformis contribute significantly to live communities, especially at the lower-slope site. Live foraminiferal faunas are largely restricted to shalow-infaunal oxygenated microhabitats. Finally, we propose that hydro-sedimentary conditions characterized by more or less intermittent near-bottom currents 1) trigger the dominance of arenaceous faunas and 2) preclude the proliferation of a foraminiferal population in deep-infaunal microhabitats.

Published
2013
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9. Budget of methane emissions from soils, livestock and the river network at the regional scale of the Seine basin (France)

Author

Dominique Poirier, Guillaume Vilain, Gilles Billen, Gwenaël Abril, Stefan Jehanno, Céline Decuq, Anun Martinez, Pierre Cellier, Josette Garnier, Marie Silvestre, Structure et fonctionnement des systèmes hydriques continentaux (SISYPHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Environnement et Grandes Cultures (EGC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Mines Paris - PSL (École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris), and Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE)

Subjects
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, CH4 emissions, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, STREAMS, 010501 environmental sciences, Structural basin, 01 natural sciences, Sink (geography), Grassland, cropland, Seine Basin, Environmental Chemistry, Ecosystem, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, Water Science and Technology, Hydrology, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, business.industry, budgets, Estuary, 6. Clean water, rivers, livestock, 13. Climate action, Soil water, Environmental science, Livestock, business
Abstract

We used various approaches to establish a comprehensive budget of methane (CH4) emissions from the Seine basin, including direct emissions from livestock and soils as well as emissions from the drainage network. For the direct emissions from livestock, we used official livestock census numbers and emission factors (CH4 emitted by each animal species per head per year) available in the literature. For the emissions from soils, we based our estimates on experimental measurements in closed chambers installed on different agricultural plots, forest, and grasslands in 2008 and 2009. The results were extrapolated to the whole Seine basin, including grassland, cropland, and forest soil distributions in the Seine basin. The CH4 emissions from the Seine drainage network were also based on measurements of sampled waters in various rivers and streams (from headwaters to estuary) during different seasons in 2007, 2008, and 2010. After chemical analysis of CH4 concentrations in the water samples using a gas chromatographic technique and calculation of the CH4 supersaturation by stream order in rivers of the Seine basin (from 1 to 8) and by season we could estimate the CH4 emissions for the whole water surface area of the Seine drainage network. The livestock of the Seine basin produce CH4 emissions amounting to 166 × 106 kg C year−1, among which cattle are responsible for 85 %. The total CH4 emission from the Seine drainage network was estimated at 0.3 × 106 kg C year−1, large rivers being responsible for the largest proportion. Ebullition could account for an additional 0.2 × 106 kg C year−1. Soils of the Seine basin are a net sink for CH4 (9.4 × 106 kg C year−1). The water and soils fluxes are low with regard to emissions by livestock, but domestic waste, through landfills, could contribute an additional 40 × 106 kg C year−1.

Published
2013
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10. Methane sources, sinks and fluxes in a temperate tidal lagoon: The Arcachon Lagoon (SW France)

Author

Guy Boucher, Mathieu Canton, Jonathan Deborde, Frédéric Guérin, Gwenaël Abril, Dominique Poirier, Gérard Thouzeau, Danielle Marty, Pierre Anschutz, Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Mécanismes et Transfert en Géologie (LMTG), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'océanologie de Marseille (COM), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biologie des organismes marins et écosystèmes (BOME), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 5805 Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux (EPOC), French National Programme on Coastal Environment (PNEC 'Chantier Littoral Atlantique') and the ANR project PROTIDAL, ANR-06-BLAN-0040,PROTIDAL,Les processus biogéochimiques transitoires de la zone intertidale(2006), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Wetland, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Methane, Atmosphere, chemistry.chemical_compound, Pore water pressure, Water column, Arcachon Lagoon, 14. Life underwater, Water pollution, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, methane, Sediment, 6. Clean water, coastal environment, chemistry, chamber flux measurements, 13. Climate action, Environmental science, Water quality, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract

The Arcachon lagoon is a 156 km 2 temperate mesotidal lagoon dominated by tidal flats (66% of the surface area). The methane (CH 4 ) sources, sinks and fluxes were estimated from water and pore water concentrations, from chamber flux measurements at the sediment–air (low tide), sediment–water and water–air (high tide) interfaces, and from potential oxidation and production rate measurements in sediments. CH 4 concentrations in waters were maximal (500–1000 nmol l −1 ) in river waters and in tidal creeks at low tide, and minimal in the lagoon at high tide ( −1 ). The major CH 4 sources are continental waters and the tidal pumping of sediment pore waters at low tide. Methanogenesis occurred in the tidal flat sediments, in which pore water concentrations were relatively high (2.5–8.0 μmol l −1 ). Nevertheless, the sediment was a minor CH 4 source for the water column and the atmosphere because of a high degree of anaerobic and aerobic CH 4 oxidation in sediments. Atmospheric CH 4 fluxes at high and low tide were low compared to freshwater wetlands. Temperate tidal lagoons appear to be very minor contributor of CH 4 to global atmosphere and to open ocean.

Published
2010
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