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647 results on '"Garreau, A."'

1. How chitosan can be considered as a promising eco-efficient candidate to replace commercial organic-based resists in the photolithography process. Focus on photopatterning and etching behavior in fluorinated plasmas

Author: Léonard, Didier, Durin, Paule, Sysova, Olha, Guan, Yue, GABLIN, CORINNE, Benamrouche, Aziz, Hajjar-Garreau, Samar, Téolis, Alexandre, Trombotto, Stéphane, Delair, Thierry, Servin, Isabelle, Tiron, Raluca, Bazin, Arnaud, Berling, Dominique, Soppera, Olivier, Gehin, Thomas, Laurenceau, Emmanuelle, Leclercq, Jean -Louis, Chevolot, Yann, Surfaces, Institut des Sciences Analytiques (ISA), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INL - Dispositifs pour la Santé et l’Environnement (INL - DSE), Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon (INL), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École Supérieure de Chimie Physique Électronique de Lyon (CPE)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse (IS2M), Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et Nanosciences Grand-Est (MNGE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INL - Plateforme Technologique Nanolyon (INL - Nanolyon), Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères (IMP), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), INL - Chimie et Nanobiotechnologies (INL - C&N), and ANR-19-CE43-0009,Lithogreen,Développement de polymères issus de la biomasse pour les procédés de micro et nanofabrication écoresponsables en milieu aqueux(2019)
Subjects: [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], [CHIM]Chemical Sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2023

2. A Sea of Words: An In-Depth Analysis of Anchors for Text Data

Author: Lopardo, Gianluigi, Precioso, Frederic, Garreau, Damien, Modèles et algorithmes pour l’intelligence artificielle (MAASAI), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (LJAD), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Scalable and Pervasive softwARe and Knowledge Systems (Laboratoire I3S - SPARKS), Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (LJAD), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), ANR-21-CE23-0005,NIM-ML,Méthodes d'explicabilité de nouvelle génération(2021), and European Project: H2020-951911,H2020-EU.2.1.1. - INDUSTRIAL LEADERSHIP - Leadership in enabling and industrial technologies - Information and Communication Technologies (ICT),AI4Media(2020)
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI), Computer Science - Computation and Language, [STAT.ML]Statistics [stat]/Machine Learning [stat.ML], Statistics - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning (stat.ML), Computation and Language (cs.CL), Machine Learning (cs.LG)
Abstract: Anchors (Ribeiro et al., 2018) is a post-hoc, rule-based interpretability method. For text data, it proposes to explain a decision by highlighting a small set of words (an anchor) such that the model to explain has similar outputs when they are present in a document. In this paper, we present the first theoretical analysis of Anchors, considering that the search for the best anchor is exhaustive. After formalizing the algorithm for text classification, we present explicit results on different classes of models when the vectorization step is TF-IDF, and words are replaced by a fixed out-of-dictionary token when removed. Our inquiry covers models such as elementary if-then rules and linear classifiers. We then leverage this analysis to gain insights on the behavior of Anchors for any differentiable classifiers. For neural networks, we empirically show that the words corresponding to the highest partial derivatives of the model with respect to the input, reweighted by the inverse document frequencies, are selected by Anchors., Accepted to AISTATS 2023. 9+2 page paper, 21-page appendix
Published: 2023

3. Elaboration of hydrophobic flax fibers through fluorine plasma treatment

Author: Olivier Téraube, Léa Gratier, Jean-Charles Agopian, Monica Francesca Pucci, Pierre-Jacques Liotier, Samar Hajjar-Garreau, Elodie Petit, Nicolas Batisse, Angélique Bousquet, Karine Charlet, Éric Tomasella, Marc Dubois, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand (ICCF), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut national polytechnique Clermont Auvergne (INP Clermont Auvergne), Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Institut Pascal (IP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut national polytechnique Clermont Auvergne (INP Clermont Auvergne), Durabilité des éco-Matériaux et Structures (DMS), IMT - MINES ALES (IMT - MINES ALES), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Laboratoire de Mécanique et Génie Civil (LMGC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Polymères Composites et Hybrides (PCH - IMT Mines Alès), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse (IS2M), Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et Nanosciences Grand-Est (MNGE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, and Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Plasma, Surface analysis, Surface properties, Wettability, General Physics and Astronomy, Surfaces and Interfaces, General Chemistry, Natural fibers, Interface, Condensed Matter Physics, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials
Abstract: International audience; In this study, the goal was to compatibilize flax natural fibers (which are inherently polar) with mostly dispersive polymers, while proposing a way to recover greenhouse gases or refrigerants such as CF4 or C2F5H. Such gases exhibit a high global warming potentials (GWPs) and their recovery at the end of their lifecycle is difficult. Therefore, these two representative problematic gases were used as plasma precursor to graft fluorine atoms onto the flax fiber surface. Chemical investigation (FT-IR, 19F NMR and XPS spectroscopies), demonstrates the covalent grafting of fluorine atoms at the fiber surface, that opens the route of tailoring the surface chemistry of flax fibers. These modifications induced a decrease of the fiber polarity, which allows the treated fibers to become perfectly compatible with mostly dispersive polymer. Moreover, both mechanical properties and fluorine release during fibers combustion were investigated and any negative impact was evidenced. Therefore, thanks to the plasma fluorination, the gap between the surface energies of the fibers and mostly dispersive polymer matrix was reduced improving the wettability of the fibers through an eco-friendly way. This phenomenon promising an improvement in the mechanical performance of eco-composites reinforced with these fluorinated fibers.
Published: 2023
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4. Sense-remaking : unpacking ethical judgment change in a business ethics course

Author: Baïada-Hirèche, Loréa, Garreau, Lionel, Pasquero, Jean, Département Management, Marketing et Stratégie (IMT-BS - MMS), Télécom Ecole de Management (TEM)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom Business School (IMT-BS), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire en Innovation, Technologies, Economie et Management (EA 7363) (LITEM), Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut Mines-Télécom Business School (IMT-BS), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Dauphine Recherches en Management (DRM), Université Paris Dauphine-PSL, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), and LITEM-NPR
Subjects: [SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration
Abstract: FNEGE 2, HCERES A, ABS 1; International audience
Published: 2023

5. Procedural simulation training in orthopaedics and traumatology: Nationwide survey among surgeon educators and residents in France

Author: Charlie, Bouthors, Louis, Dagneaux, Stéphane, Boisgard, Christian, Garreau de Loubresse, Dan, Benhamou, Charles, Court, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand (ICCF), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut national polytechnique Clermont Auvergne (INP Clermont Auvergne), Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), and CHU Clermont-Ferrand
Subjects: Surgeons, Orthopedic surgery, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Internship and Residency, COVID-19, Assessment, Education, Orthopedics, Traumatology, Surveys and Questionnaires, Humans, Training, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Surgery, Curriculum, Clinical Competence, Survey, Pandemics, Simulation Training, Simulation
Abstract: International audience; BackgroundSimulation is among the tools used in France to train residents specialising in orthopaedic and trauma surgery (OTS). However, implementing simulation-based training (SBT) is complex and poorly reported. The objective of this study was to describe the use of simulation for OTS training in France.HypothesisNationwide, SBT is not used to its full capacity for teaching OTS in France, and differences in opinions about SBT may exist between surgeon educators and residents.Study designNationwide questionnaire survey in France.Materials and MethodsWe built two specific self-questionnaires then e-mailed them between December 2020 and February 2021 to the surgeon educators who were members of the national university council and to the residents specialising in OTS during the current academic year. The questions were about the 2018–2019 academic year, before the COVID-19 pandemic. Two classes of residents who were still medical students during this period were not included, leaving three classes for the analysis.ResultsThe participation rates were 57% (67/117) for the educators and 24% (87/369) for the three classes of residents. Of the 67 educators, 47 (70%) reported being involved in SBT and identified the university (70%) and industry (53%) as the main funders of this teaching modality. The educators indicated that the mean number of SBT laboratories in their region was 1.4 ± 0.9 (range, 0–4). The main types of simulators were saw bones (77%); cadavers (85%); and commercial simulators (74%), notably for the knee (87%) and shoulder (78%). The educators estimated that they had achieved a mean of 33% ± 23% (range, 0%–100%) of the teaching objectives set out in the OTS curriculum and that the main obstacles were insufficient funding (81%) and lack of time (67%). Only 21% of educators reported conducting SBT research. The residents reported that they accessed SBT via the OTS teaching module (28/87, 32%), local university degrees (23/87, 26%), their hospital department (17/87, 18%), or the industry (15/87, 17%); 25/87 (29%) had never received SBT. On a 0–10 scale (0, completely disagrees; 10, completely agrees), the mean score for SBT effectiveness was 8.6 ± 2.1 for residents and 7.1 ± 3.0 for educators (p < 0.001); the corresponding values for the quality of SBT integration in the region were 1.5 ± 1.8 and 3.8 ± 2.6, respectively (p < 0.001).ConclusionSBT is not yet used to its full potential for teaching OTS in France. Insufficient funding and lack of time were identified by the educators as the main obstacles to greater use of SBT. Both the residents and the educators felt that SBT mightbe beneficial for training.Level of evidenceIV, nationwide survey.
Published: 2022
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6. Accelerated sequences of 4D flow MRI using GRAPPA and compressed sensing

Author: Garreau, Morgane, Puiseux, Thomas, Toupin, Solenn, Giese, Daniel, Mendez, Simon, Nicoud, Franck, Moreno, Ramiro, ALARA group, Institut Montpelliérain Alexander Grothendieck (IMAG), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Casdiovasculaires (UPS/Inserm U1297 - I2MC), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Siemens Healthcare [France], Siemens AG [Munich], Siemens Healthcare, and Mendez, Simon
Subjects: MRI - Magnetic Resonance Imaging, [SDV.IB.IMA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, [PHYS.MECA.MEFL] Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Fluid mechanics [physics.class-ph], computational fluid dynamics, [PHYS.MECA.MEFL]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Fluid mechanics [physics.class-ph], compressed sensing
Abstract: International audience; To evaluate hemodynamic markers obtained by accelerated GRAPPA (R = 2, 3, 4) and compressed sensing (R = 7.6) 4D flow MRI sequences under complex flow conditions. Methods: The accelerated 4D flow MRI scans were performed on a pulsatile flow phantom, along with a nonaccelerated fully sampled k-space acquisition. Computational fluid dynamics simulations based on the experimentally measured flow fields were conducted for additional comparison. Voxel-wise comparisons (Bland-Altman analysis, L 2-norm metric), as well as nonderived quantities (velocity profiles, flow rates, and peak velocities), were used to compare the velocity fields obtained from the different modalities. Results: 4D flow acquisitions and computational fluid dynamics depicted similar hemodynamic patterns. Voxel-wise comparisons between the MRI scans highlighted larger discrepancies at the voxels located near the phantom's boundary walls. A trend for all MR scans to overestimate velocity profiles and peak velocities as compared to computational fluid dynamics was noticed in regions associated with high velocity or acceleration. However, good agreement for the flow rates was observed, and eddy-current correction appeared essential for consistency of the flow rates measurements with respect to the principle of mass conservation. Conclusion: GRAPPA (R = 2, 3) and highly accelerated compressed sensing showed good agreement with the fully sampled acquisition. Yet, all 4D flow MRI scans were hampered by artifacts inherent to the phase-contrast acquisition procedure. Computational fluid dynamics simulations are an interesting tool to assess these differences but are sensitive to modeling parameters.
Published: 2022
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7. Interactions of water soluble Bio-sourced Resist with Fluorine Etching Plasmas during Photopatterning Processes

Author: Durin, Paule, GABLIN, CORINNE, Benamrouche, Aziz, Hajjar-Garreau, Samar, Teolis, Alexandre, Rochat, Névine, Gehin, Thomas, Trombotto, Stéphane, Delair, Thierry, Servin, Isabelle, Tiron, Raluca, Bazin, Arnaud, Sysova, Olha, Soppera, Olivier, Laurenceau, Emmanuelle, Leclercq, Jean -Louis, Chevolot, Yann, Léonard, Didier, INL - Dispositifs pour la Santé et l’Environnement (INL - DSE), Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon (INL), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École Supérieure de Chimie Physique Électronique de Lyon (CPE)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences Analytiques (ISA), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INL - Plateforme Technologique Nanolyon (INL - Nanolyon), Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse (IS2M), Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et Nanosciences Grand-Est (MNGE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères (IMP), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), INL - Chimie et Nanobiotechnologies (INL - C&N), Surfaces, Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and ANR-19-CE43-0009,Lithogreen,Développement de polymères issus de la biomasse pour les procédés de micro et nanofabrication écoresponsables en milieu aqueux(2019)
Subjects: [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], [CHIM]Chemical Sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

8. ToF-SIMS characterization of chitosan as water developable 193 nm photolithography resist for green micro-nanopatterning

Author: Durin, Paule, Sysova, Olha, Guan, Yue, Gablin, Corinne, Benamrouche, Aziz, Hajjar-Garreau, Samar, Teolis, Alexandre, Trombotto, Stéphane, Delair, Thierry, Servin, Isabelle, Tiron, Raluca, Bazin, Arnaud, Berling, Dominique, Soppera, Olivier, Gehin, Thomas, Laurenceau, Emmanuelle, Leclercq, Jean -Louis, Chevolot, Yann, Léonard, Didier, Institut des Nanotechnologies de Lyon (INL), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-École Supérieure de Chimie Physique Électronique de Lyon (CPE)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse (IS2M), Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et Nanosciences Grand-Est (MNGE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences Analytiques (ISA), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INL - Plateforme Technologique Nanolyon (INL - Nanolyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères (IMP), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères - Laboratoire des Matériaux Polymères et des Biomatériaux (IMP-LMPB), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), INL - Dispositifs pour la Santé et l’Environnement (INL - DSE), INL - Ingénierie et conversion de lumière (i-Lum) (INL - I-Lum), Surfaces, Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and ANR-19-CE43-0009,Lithogreen,Développement de polymères issus de la biomasse pour les procédés de micro et nanofabrication écoresponsables en milieu aqueux(2019)
Subjects: [CHIM]Chemical Sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

9. SMACE: A New Method for the Interpretability of Composite Decision Systems

Author: Lopardo, Gianluigi, Garreau, Damien, Precioso, Frederic, Ottosson, Greger, Modèles et algorithmes pour l’intelligence artificielle (MAASAI), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (LJAD), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Scalable and Pervasive softwARe and Knowledge Systems (Laboratoire I3S - SPARKS), Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (LJAD), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Scalable and Pervasive softwARe and Knowledge Systems (Laboratoire I3S - SPARKS), IBM France Lab [Biot], IBM - Paris [Bois-Colombes], IBM-IBM, ANR-21-CE23-0005,NIM-ML,Méthodes d'explicabilité de nouvelle génération(2021), and European Project: H2020-951911,H2020-EU.2.1.1. - INDUSTRIAL LEADERSHIP - Leadership in enabling and industrial technologies - Information and Communication Technologies (ICT),AI4Media(2020)
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI), Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning (cs.LG), [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI]
Abstract: Interpretability is a pressing issue for decision systems. Many post hoc methods have been proposed to explain the predictions of a single machine learning model. However, business processes and decision systems are rarely centered around a unique model. These systems combine multiple models that produce key predictions, and then apply decision rules to generate the final decision. To explain such decisions, we propose the Semi-Model-Agnostic Contextual Explainer (SMACE), a new interpretability method that combines a geometric approach for decision rules with existing interpretability methods for machine learning models to generate an intuitive feature ranking tailored to the end user. We show that established model-agnostic approaches produce poor results on tabular data in this setting, in particular giving the same importance to several features, whereas SMACE can rank them in a meaningful way., Accepted to ECML PKDD 2022, the European Conference on Machine Learning and Principles and Practice of Knowledge Discovery in Databases
Published: 2022
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10. Interpretable Prediction of Post-Infarct Ventricular Arrhythmia using Graph Convolutional Network

Author: Ly, Buntheng, Finsterbach, Sonny, Nuñez-Garcia, Marta, Jaïs, Pierre, Garreau, Damien, Cochet, Hubert, Sermesant, Maxime, E-Patient : Images, données & mOdèles pour la médeciNe numériquE (EPIONE), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], IHU-LIRYC, Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Modèles et algorithmes pour l’intelligence artificielle (MAASAI), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (LJAD), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Scalable and Pervasive softwARe and Knowledge Systems (Laboratoire I3S - SPARKS), Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ANR-19-P3IA-0002,3IA@cote d'azur,3IA Côte d'Azur(2019)
Subjects: Cardiac CT, [INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV], Ventricular Arrhythmia, Graph Neural Network, Interpretable AI
Abstract: International audience; Heterogeneity of left ventricular (LV) myocardium infarction scar plays an important role as anatomical substrate in ventricular arrhythmia (VA) mechanism. LV myocardium thinning, as observed on cardiac computed tomography (CT), has been shown to correlate with LV myocardial scar and with abnormal electrical activity. In this project, we propose an automatic pipeline for VA prediction, based on CT images, using a Graph Convolutional Network (GCN). The pipeline includes the segmentation of LV masks from the input CT image, the short-axis orientation reformatting, LV myocardium thickness computation and mid-wall surface mesh generation. An average LV mesh was computed and fitted to every patient in order to use the same number of vertices with point-to-point correspondence. The GCN model was trained using the thickness value as the node feature and the atlas edges as the adjacency matrix. This allows the model to process the data on the 3D patient anatomy and bypass the “grid” structure limitation of the traditional convolutional neural network. The model was trained and evaluated on a dataset of 600 patients (27% VA), using 451 (3/4) and 149 (1/4) patients as training and testing data, respectively. The evaluation results showed that the graph model (81% accuracy) outperformed the clinical baseline (67%), the left ventricular ejection fraction, and the scar size (73%). We further studied the interpretability of the trained model using LIME and integrated gradients and found promising results on the personalised discovering of the specific regions within the infarct area related to the arrhythmogenesis.
Published: 2022

11. Fluorination of flax fibers for improving the interfacial compatibility of eco-composites

Author: Olivier Téraube, Jean-Charles Agopian, Monica Francesca Pucci, Pierre-Jacques Liotier, Samar Hajjar-Garreau, Nicolas Batisse, Karine Charlet, Marc Dubois, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand (ICCF), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut national polytechnique Clermont Auvergne (INP Clermont Auvergne), Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Institut Pascal (IP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut national polytechnique Clermont Auvergne (INP Clermont Auvergne), Durabilité des éco-Matériaux et Structures (DMS), IMT - MINES ALES (IMT - MINES ALES), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Laboratoire de Mécanique et Génie Civil (LMGC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Polymères Composites et Hybrides (PCH - IMT Mines Alès), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse (IS2M), Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et Nanosciences Grand-Est (MNGE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and IMT - Mines Alès, Administrateur
Subjects: Surface analysis, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Interface/interphase, Surface properties, Wettability, General Materials Science, [SPI.MAT] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, Natural fibers, Waste Management and Disposal, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials
Abstract: International audience; Because of their specific properties, vegetal fibers are increasingly used as sustainable polymer reinforcementsfor eco-composites. Nevertheless, their polar character hinders them from being used more frequently at in-dustrial scale due to their incompatibility with mostly dispersive polymers (the cheapest and most commonones). In this study, direct fluorination treatment was carried out to covalently graft fluorine atom at the outmostsurface of flax fibers. Such a grafting has been proved by FT-IR, 19F NMR and XPS spectroscopies, and thesecharacterizations allowed to understand chemical change due to the treatment. This chemical modificationinduced an augmentation of the dispersive character of flax fibers, by significantly lowering the polar componentof surface energy without significant change of the dispersive component. Young’s modulus was also maintained.Thereby, treated fibers become perfectly compatible with hydrophobic polymer, and an improvement in themechanical performance of the resulting composite is expected according to the literature.
Published: 2022
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12. Fluoration de fibres de lin pour la fabrication d’éco-composites

Author: Teraube, O., Dubois, M., Batisse, N., Agopian, J.-C., Charlet, K., Pucci, M. F., Liotier, P-J., Hajjar-Garreau, S., Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand (ICCF), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut national polytechnique Clermont Auvergne (INP Clermont Auvergne), and Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)
Subjects: [CHIM]Chemical Sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2022

13. A mutual reference shape for segmentation fusion and evaluation

Author: Jehan-Besson, S., Clouard, R., Tilmant, C., de Cesare, A., Lalande, A., Lebenberg, J., Clarysse, P., Sarry, L., Frouin, F., Garreau, M., Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie (LITO ), Institut Curie [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Curie [Paris], Equipe Image - Laboratoire GREYC - UMR6072, Groupe de Recherche en Informatique, Image et Instrumentation de Caen (GREYC), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pascal (IP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut national polytechnique Clermont Auvergne (INP Clermont Auvergne), Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale (LIB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Equipe IFTIM [ImViA - EA7535], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon)-Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer Georges-François Leclerc [Dijon] (UNICANCER/CRLCC-CGFL), UNICANCER-UNICANCER-Imagerie et Vision Artificielle [Dijon] (ImViA), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Service NEUROSPIN (NEUROSPIN), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé (CREATIS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Image Science for Interventional Techniques (ISIT), Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA)-Clermont Université-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Traitement du Signal et de l'Image (LTSI), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Jehan-Besson, Stéphanie
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, segmentation evaluation, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, [INFO.INFO-IM] Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, 02 engineering and technology, Statistics - Applications, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, variational approaches, 0302 clinical medicine, shape gradients, Mutual shape, FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, Applications (stat.AP), Image and Video Processing (eess.IV), segmentation, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing, active contours, [INFO.INFO-TI] Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing [eess.IV], [INFO.INFO-IT]Computer Science [cs]/Information Theory [cs.IT], Computer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, [INFO.INFO-TI]Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing [eess.IV], shape optimization, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, [INFO.INFO-IT] Computer Science [cs]/Information Theory [cs.IT], segmentation fusion
Abstract: This paper proposes the estimation of a mutual shape from a set of different segmentation results using both active contours and information theory. The mutual shape is here defined as a consensus shape estimated from a set of different segmentations of the same object. In an original manner, such a shape is defined as the minimum of a criterion that benefits from both the mutual information and the joint entropy of the input segmentations. This energy criterion is justified using similarities between information theory quantities and area measures, and presented in a continuous variational framework. In order to solve this shape optimization problem, shape derivatives are computed for each term of the criterion and interpreted as an evolution equation of an active contour. A mutual shape is then estimated together with the sensitivity and specificity of each segmentation. Some synthetic examples allow us to cast the light on the difference between the mutual shape and an average shape. The applicability of our framework has also been tested for segmentation evaluation and fusion of different types of real images (natural color images, old manuscripts, medical images).
Published: 2022

14. Une forme de référence mutuelle pour la fusion et l'évaluation des méthodes de segmentation

Author: Jehan-Besson, S., Clouard, R., Tilmant, C., de Cesare, A., Lalande, A., Lebenberg, J., Clarysse, P., Sarry, L., Frouin, F., Garreau, M., Laboratoire d'Imagerie Translationnelle en Oncologie (LITO ), Institut Curie [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Curie [Paris], Equipe Image - Laboratoire GREYC - UMR6072, Groupe de Recherche en Informatique, Image et Instrumentation de Caen (GREYC), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pascal (IP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut national polytechnique Clermont Auvergne (INP Clermont Auvergne), Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale [Paris] (LIB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Equipe IFTIM [ImViA - EA7535], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon)-Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer Georges-François Leclerc [Dijon] (UNICANCER/CRLCC-CGFL), UNICANCER-UNICANCER-Imagerie et Vision Artificielle [Dijon] (ImViA), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Service NEUROSPIN (NEUROSPIN), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé (CREATIS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Image Science for Interventional Techniques (ISIT), Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA)-Clermont Université-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Traitement du Signal et de l'Image (LTSI), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-SIGMA Clermont (SIGMA Clermont)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale (LIB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Imagerie et modélisation Vasculaires, Thoraciques et Cérébrales (MOTIVATE), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Clermont Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)
Subjects: active contours, variational approaches, segmentation evaluation, shape gradients, [INFO.INFO-IT]Computer Science [cs]/Information Theory [cs.IT], Computer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, [INFO.INFO-TI]Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing [eess.IV], Mutual shape, segmentation, shape optimization, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, [INFO.INFO-IM]Computer Science [cs]/Medical Imaging, segmentation fusion
Abstract: This paper proposes the estimation of a mutual shape from a set of different segmentation results using both active contours and information theory. The mutual shape is here defined as a consensus shape estimated from a set of different segmentations of the same object. In an original manner, such a shape is defined as the minimum of a criterion that benefits from both the mutual information and the joint entropy of the input segmentations. This energy criterion is justified using similarities between information theory quantities and area measures, and presented in a continuous variational framework. In order to solve this shape optimization problem, shape derivatives are computed for each term of the criterion and interpreted as an evolution equation of an active contour. A mutual shape is then estimated together with the sensitivity and specificity of each segmentation. Some synthetic examples allow us to cast the light on the difference between the mutual shape and an average shape. The applicability of our framework has also been tested for segmentation evaluation and fusion of different types of real images (natural color images, old manuscripts, medical images).
Published: 2022

15. Desynchronization Strain Patterns and Contractility in Left Bundle Branch Block through Computer Model Simulation

Author: Kimi Owashi, Marion Taconné, Nicolas Courtial, Antoine Simon, Mireille Garreau, Alfredo Hernandez, Erwan Donal, Virginie Le Rolle, Elena Galli, Laboratoire Traitement du Signal et de l'Image (LTSI), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], This work was supported by the French National Research Agency (ANR) (ANR-16-CE19-0008-01) (project MAESTRo) and the French Brittany Council (ADvICE project)., ANR-16-CE19-0008,MAESTRo,Approche à base de modèles pour l'analyse du strain obtenu en échocardiographie 3D(2016), Jonchère, Laurent, and Approche à base de modèles pour l'analyse du strain obtenu en échocardiographie 3D - - MAESTRo2016 - ANR-16-CE19-0008 - AAPG2016 - VALID
Subjects: [SDV.IB] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, myocardial scar, cardiac resynchronization therapy, Pharmacology (medical), left bundle branch block, [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, left ventricular deformation, personalized computational model, General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
Abstract: International audience; Left bundle branch block (LBBB) is associated with specific septal-to-lateral wall activation patterns which are strongly influenced by the intrinsic left ventricular (LV) contractility and myocardial scar localization. The objective of this study was to propose a computational-model-based interpretation of the different patterns of LV contraction observed in the case of LBBB and preserved contractility or myocardial scarring. Two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography was used to obtain LV volumes and deformation patterns in three patients with LBBB: (1) a patient with non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy, (2) a patient with antero-septal myocardial scar, and (3) a patient with lateral myocardial scar. Scar was confirmed by the distribution of late gadolinium enhancement with cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI). Model parameters were evaluated manually to reproduce patient-derived data such as strain curves obtained from echocardiographic apical views. The model was able to reproduce the specific strain patterns observed in patients. A typical septal flash with pre-ejection shortening, rebound stretch, and delayed lateral wall activation was observed in the case of non-ischemic cardiomyopathy. In the case of lateral scar, the contractility of the lateral wall was significantly impaired and septal flash was absent. In the case of septal scar, septal flash and rebound stretch were also present as previously described in the literature. Interestingly, the model was also able to simulate the specific contractile properties of the myocardium, providing an excellent localization of LV scar in ischemic patients. The model was able to simulate the electromechanical delay and specific contractility patterns observed in patients with LBBB of ischemic and non-ischemic etiology. With further improvement and validation, this technique might be a useful tool for the diagnosis and treatment planning of heart failure patients needing CRT.
Published: 2022
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16. Synthesizing dispersion relations in a modulated tilted optical lattice

Author: Jean Claude Garreau, Véronique Zehnlé, Atomes Froids (Atomes Froids), Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules - UMR 8523 (PhLAM), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ANR-18-CE30-0017,MANYLOK,Localisation à N corps avec le Kicked Rotor(2018)
Subjects: [PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph], 0103 physical sciences, [NLIN.NLIN-CD]Nonlinear Sciences [physics]/Chaotic Dynamics [nlin.CD], [PHYS.COND.CM-DS-NN]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Disordered Systems and Neural Networks [cond-mat.dis-nn], 010306 general physics, 01 natural sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas
Abstract: 9 pages, 6 color figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. A; International audience; Dispersion relations are fundamental characteristics of the dynamics of quantum and wave systems. In this work we introduce a simple technique to generate arbitrary dispersion relations in a modulated tilted lattice. The technique is illustrated by important examples: the Dirac, Bogoliubov and Landau dispersion relations (the latter exhibiting the roton and the maxon). We show that adding a slow chirp to the lattice modulation allows one to reconstruct the dispersion relation from dynamical quantities. Finally, we generalize the technique to higher dimensions, and generate graphene-like Dirac points and flat bands in two dimensions.
Published: 2022
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17. Intégration sélective ou holistique dans les modèles d'affaires soutenables: comprendre la distribution de valeur auprès des parties prenantes dans les circuits courts alimentaires français

Author: Garreau, Lionel, Brûlé-Gapihan, Elodie, Gabriagues, Amélie, and Brûlé-Gapihan, Elodie
Subjects: [SHS.GESTION] Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration
Abstract: In a context of growing social and environmental challenges, the concept of sustainable business model appears as a response to the criticism of the capitalist orientation of the traditional business model. The sustainable business model is thus characterized by the creation, distribution and capture of multiple values - economic, social, environmental - by and for various stakeholders in a long-term perspective. While the creation of multiple values has already been the subject of research, the distribution and capture of these values remain the under-explored dimensions of the sustainable business model. In response, our study questions the appropriation of value(s) by stakeholders in a sector dedicated to a societal mission: the food short circuits. Our research reveals how 7 sustainable business models, belonging to the same sector of activity, integrate the types of values either selectively or holistically. These results show a heterogeneity in the patterns of value creation - distribution - capture by stakeholders, revealing different approaches to sustainability., Dans un contexte de défis sociaux et environnementaux croissants, le concept de business model soutenable se présente comme une réponse aux critiques de l’orientation capitalistique du business model traditionnel. Le business model soutenable se singularise ainsi par la création, la distribution et la capture de valeurs plurielles – économique, sociale, environnementale – par et pour diverses parties prenantes dans une perspective long-termiste. Si la création de valeurs multiples a fait l’objet de premiers travaux, la distribution et la capture de ces valeurs demeurent des dimensions peuexplorées du business model soutenable. En réponse, notre étude questionne l’appropriation de la ou les valeurs par les parties prenantes dans un secteur à vocation sociétale : les circuits courts agricoles. Notre recherche révèle comment 7 modèles économiques soutenables, appartenant au même secteur d’activité, intègrent les types de valeurs soit de façon sélective, soit de façon holistique. Ces résultats témoignent d’une hétérogénéité des schémas de création – distribution – capture des valeurs par les parties prenantes, révélant différentes approches de la soutenabilité.
Published: 2022

18. Towards more efficient and environmental friendly flax-based eco-composite through direct F2 fluorination as a compatibilization treatment

Author: Teraube, Olivier, Dubois, Marc, Agopian, Jean Charles, Charlet, Karine, Pucci, Monica Francesca, Liotier, Pierre-Jacques, Batisse, Nicolas, Hajjar-Garreau, Samar, IMT - Mines Alès, Administrateur, Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand (ICCF), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Institut national polytechnique Clermont Auvergne (INP Clermont Auvergne), Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Institut national polytechnique Clermont Auvergne (INP Clermont Auvergne), Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Durabilité des éco-Matériaux et Structures (DMS), IMT - MINES ALES (IMT - MINES ALES), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Laboratoire de Mécanique et Génie Civil (LMGC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Polymères Composites et Hybrides (PCH - IMT Mines Alès), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse (IS2M), Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et Nanosciences Grand-Est (MNGE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, and Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SPI.GPROC] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, [SPI.MECA.MEMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], Interface/interphase, Surface properties, Wettability, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, Natural fibers, [SPI.MAT] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, [SPI.MECA.MEMA] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Mechanics of materials [physics.class-ph], [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, Compatibilization
Abstract: International audience; In light of current environmental issues and the emerging context of bio-economy aimed atcontinuing economic growth while preserving the environment and earth resources, vegetal fibers areincreasingly used to substitute glass fibers for polymer strengthening to make eco-composites. Indeed,the use of natural fibers allows bio-based and local resources to be valorized while lightening the overallweight and reducing the cost of composites.Flax fibers are usually considered as adequate bio-reinforcements for composites. However, theirhydrophilic character makes them sensitive to moisture sorption and difficult to wet by hydrophobicresins. This incompatibility can induce a defective interface and micro-porosity between fibers andmatrix that would greatly weaken the eco-composite’s mechanical performance[1][2][3]. Several wayshave been explored to improve wettability of bio-based reinforcements towards resins. However, thesetechniques can damage the initial material and/or are generally harmful to the environment through theuse of toxic products and solvents, which is against the idea of making environmental friendly eco-composites.It is in this context that fluorination treatment takes place. Indeed, a fast and controlled reactiontreatment under molecular fluorine (F2 ) of wood[4] or vegetal fibers allows fluorine atoms to becovalently grafted on the outmost surface of lignocellulosic material in substitution of hydroxyl groupsresponsible for hydrophilicity. This grafting, achieved on flax fibers, allowed the fibers’ polarity to besignificantly decreased without modification of their bulk’s mechanical performance. This reduce thegap between the surface energies of the fibers and different polymer matrix (bio-based epoxy andElium®). In other words, the wetting of the fiber by the polymer is improved during the infusion process.Thereby, porosity into the composite thus formed is significantly reduced, increasing its mechanicalperformance, its health, and its life span during a humid environment aging, without any chemicalcoupling agent harmful to the environment [3][5].[1] F. M. AL-Oqla, M. S. Salit, Materials Selection for Natural Fiber Composites, 2017, 23-48[2] P.-J. Liotier, M.F. Pucci, A. Le Duigou, A. Kervoelen, J. Tirilló, F. Sarasini, S. Drapier, Compos. B.Eng. 163, 2019, 86–95.[3] M.F. Pucci, P.-J. Liotier, D. Seveno, C. Fuentes, A. Van Vuure, S. Drapier, Compos. A: Appl. Sci.Manuf. 97, 2017, 31–40.[4] M. Pouzet, M. Dubois, K. Charlet, A. Béakou, J.-M. Leban, M. Bada, 133, 2019, 133–141.[5] F. Saulnier, M. Dubois, K. Charlet, L. Frezet, A. Beakou, Carbohydr. Polym. 94, 2013, 642–646.
Published: 2022

19. Combined surface x-ray diffraction and density functional theory study of the germanene/Al(111)-(7×7) R19.1° structure

Author: Zhang, K., Hanf, M.C., Sciacca, D., Bernard, Romain, Borensztein, Yves, Resta, A., Garreau, Y., Vlad, A., Coati, A., Lefebvre, Isabelle, Derivaz, M., Pirri, C., Sonnet, P., Stephan, R., Prévot, G., Institut des Nanosciences de Paris (INSP), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse (IS2M), Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et Nanosciences Grand-Est (MNGE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Institut d’Électronique, de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie - UMR 8520 (IEMN), Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Physique - IEMN (PHYSIQUE - IEMN), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Centrale Lille-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France (UPHF)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Synchrotron SOLEIL (SSOLEIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques (MPQ (UMR_7162)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), This study is financially supported the French National Research Agency (Germanene Project No. ANR-17-CE09-0021-03). K.Z. is supported by the Chinese Scholarship Council (CSC Contract No. 201808070070). The authors would like to acknowledge the High Performance Computing Center of the University of Strasbourg for supporting this work by providing scientific support and access to computing resources. Part of the computing resources were funded by the Equipex Equip@Meso project (Programme Investissements d’Avenir) and the CPER Alsacalcul/Big Data., ANR-17-CE09-0021,GERMANENE,Croissance de germanene sur substrats à bande interdite(2017), and ANR-10-EQPX-0029,EQUIP@MESO,Equipement d'excellence de calcul intensif de Mesocentres coordonnés - Tremplin vers le calcul petaflopique et l'exascale(2010)
Subjects: [PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat], [SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics
Abstract: International audience; Several studies have reported the possible growth of germanene on various metal surfaces. However, the exact structure of the layers formed upon evaporation at or above room temperature remains controversial. In particular, the layers obtained after Ge deposition on Al(111) have been either considered as honeycomb organization of Ge atoms on top of a nonreconstructed substrate, or as alloyed layers. Using quantitative measurements by surface x-ray diffraction compared to density functional theory calculations, we show that the (√7×√7)R±19.1∘ reconstruction obtained after room temperature deposition is a mixed Ge-Al honeycomb layer, on top of an Al(111) plane, and not a pure germanene layer.
Published: 2022
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20. Implementation of Model-Based Dose Adjustment of Tobramycin in Adult Patients with Cystic Fibrosis

Author: Jérémy Reverchon, Vianney Tuloup, Romain Garreau, Viviane Nave, Sabine Cohen, Philippe Reix, Stéphane Durupt, Raphaele Nove-Josserand, Isabelle Durieu, Quitterie Reynaud, Laurent Bourguignon, Sandrine Charles, Sylvain Goutelle, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL] (CHLS), Research on Healthcare Performance (RESHAPE - Inserm U1290 - UCBL1), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques (ISPB), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Modélisation et écotoxicologie prédictives, Département biostatistiques et modélisation pour la santé et l'environnement [LBBE], Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), and Evaluation et modélisation des effets thérapeutiques
Subjects: cystic fibrosis, therapeutic drug monitoring, tobramycin, pharmacokinetics, model-informed precision dosing, Tobramycin, [SDV.SP.PHARMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences/Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Science, Pharmacokinetics, Model-informed precision dosing, Therapeutic drug monitoring, [SDV.MHEP.PSR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pulmonology and respiratory tract, Cystic fibrosis
Abstract: Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of tobramycin is widely performed in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), but little is known about the value of model-informed precision dosing (MIPD) in this setting. We aim at reporting our experience with tobramycin MIPD in adult patients with CF. We analyzed data from adult patients with CF who received IV tobramycin and had model-guided TDM during the first year of implementation of MIPD. The predictive performance of a pharmacokinetic (PK) model was assessed. Observed maximal (Cmax) and minimal (Cmin) concentrations after initial dosing were compared with target values. We compared the initial doses and adjusted doses after model-based TDM, as well as renal function at the beginning and end of therapy. A total of 78 tobramycin courses were administered in 61 patients. After initial dosing set by physicians (mean, 9.2 ± 1.4 mg/kg), 68.8% of patients did not achieve the target Cmax ≥ 30 mg/L. The PK model fit the data very well, with a median absolute percentage error of 4.9%. MIPD was associated with a significant increase in tobramycin doses (p < 0.001) without significant change in renal function. Model-based dose suggestions were wellaccepted by the physicians and the expected target attainment for Cmax was 83%. To conclude, the implementation of MIPD was effective in changing prescribing practice and was not associated with nephrotoxic events in adult patients with CF.
Published: 2022
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21. Characterization of motion patterns by a spatio-temporal saliency descriptor in cardiac cine MRI

Author: Angélica Atehortúa, Eduardo Romero, Mireille Garreau, Jonchère, Laurent, Gestes Médico-Chirurgicaux Assistés par Ordinateur - - CAMI2011 - ANR-11-LABX-0004 - LABX - VALID, Laboratoire Traitement du Signal et de l'Image (LTSI), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Universidad Nacional de Colombia [Bogotà] (UNAL), This work was supported by Colciencias-Colombia, Grant No. 647 (2015 call for National PhD studies), and Région Bretagne in the framework of the Investissement d’Avenir Program through Labex CAMI (ANR-11-LABX-0004)., and ANR-11-LABX-0004,CAMI,Gestes Médico-Chirurgicaux Assistés par Ordinateur(2011)
Subjects: [SDV.IB] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, Heart Ventricles, Myocardial Infarction, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine, Health Informatics, Heart, Heart motion, Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic, Cardiac motion patterns, Spatio-temporal saliency, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Computer Science Applications, Humans, [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, Cardiac cine magnetic resonance imaging, Software
Abstract: International audience; BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Abnormalities of the heart motion reveal the presence of a disease. However, a quantitative interpretation of the motion is still a challenge due to the complex dynamics of the heart. This work proposes a quantitative characterization of regional cardiac motion patterns in cine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) by a novel spatio-temporal saliency descriptor. METHOD: The strategy starts by dividing the cardiac sequence into a progression of scales which are in due turn mapped to a feature space of regional orientation changes, mimicking the multi-resolution decomposition of oriented primitive changes of visual systems. These changes are estimated as the difference between a particular time and the rest of the sequence. This decomposition is then temporarily and regionally integrated for a particular orientation and then for the set of different orientations. A final spatio-temporal 4D saliency map is obtained as the summation of the previously integrated information for the available scales. The saliency dispersion of this map was computed in standard cardiac locations as a measure of the regional motion pattern and was applied to discriminate control and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) subjects during the diastolic phase. RESULTS: Salient motion patterns were estimated from an experimental set, which consisted of 3D sequences acquired by MRI from 108 subjects (33 control, 35 HCM, 20 dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), and 20 myocardial infarction (MINF) from heterogeneous datasets). HCM and control subjects were classified by an SVM that learned the salient motion patterns estimated from the presented strategy, by achieving a 94% AUC. In addition, statistical differences (test t-student, p
Published: 2022
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22. Panorama de Constraint Answer Set Programming

Author: Garreau, Bryan, Diéguez, Martín, Monfroy, Eric, Stéphan, Igor, and Guériau, Maxime
Subjects: [INFO.INFO-AI] Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], Answer Set Programming, Knowlege Representation, NonMonotonic Reasoning, Constraint Answer Set Programming, Constraint Programming
Abstract: Constraint Answer Set Programming (CASP) est un paradigme fusionnant Answer Set Programming (ASP) et la programmation par contraintes. CASP a gagné en popularité ces dernières années et beaucoup de techniques de résolutions ont émergé. Dans ce court article nous allons vous présenter quelques une des méthodes de résolution les plus renommées et nous allons voir les avantages et désavantages de celles-ci avant d'aborder les futures pistes de recherches que nous aimerions explorer.
Published: 2022

23. Breeding for general disease resistance: a selection experiment in rabbits

Author: Gunia, Mélanie, Ruesche, Julien, Aymard, Patrick, Gillet, Emilie, Herbert, Caroline, Helies, Virginie, Savietto, Davi, Robert, Raphaël, Warin, Laura, Gilbert, Hélène, Garreau, Hervé, and Gunia, Mélanie
Subjects: Heritability, Disease resistance, Genetics, Rabbit, [SDV.GEN.GA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, Selection
Abstract: We performed a selection experiment to investigate the possibility to improve resistance to non-specific diseases in rabbits. The selection criterion was a binary trait (healthy versus sick or dead) obtained from clinical signs of diseases occurring naturally on farm. A herd of 116 to 132 does and 30 bucks was bred based on this selection criterion. The heritability of the trait was 0.035 ± 0.009. After four generations of selection, the genetic progress was 1.5 genetic standard deviation, indicating that breeding for general disease resistance is feasible.
Published: 2022

24. Exceptions juridiques territoriales françaises, l’exemple de l’Alsace-Moselle

Author: Garreau, Dominique, Institut de recherche en droit privé (IRDP), Université de Nantes - UFR Droit et Sciences Politiques (UFR DSP), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)
Subjects: [SHS.DROIT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Law, [SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2021

25. Avant-propos

Author: Garreau, Dominique, Bracchi, Enrica, Institut de recherche en droit privé (IRDP), Université de Nantes - UFR Droit et Sciences Politiques (UFR DSP), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Centre de recherche sur les identités, les nations et l'interculturalité (CRINI), and Université de Nantes - UFR Faculté des Langues et Cultures Etrangères (UFR FLCE)
Subjects: [SHS.LITT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Literature, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2021

26. GENOME WIDE ASSOCIATION STUDY OF GROWTH AND FEED EFFICIENCY TRAITS IN RABBITS

Author: Garreau, Hervé, Labrune, Yann, Chapuis, Hervé, Ruesche, Julien, Riquet, Juliette, Demars, Julie, Benitez, Florence, Richard, François, Gilbert, Hélène, Drouilhet, Laurence, Zemb, Olivier, Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), H2020 Feed-a-Gene, ITAVI-INRAE, and European Project: 633531,H2020,H2020-SFS-2014-2,Feed-a-Gene(2015)
Subjects: [SDV.GEN.GA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], feed efficiency, rabbit, SNP, GWAS, genetics, feed efficiency SNP GWAS genetics rabbit
Abstract: International audience; We performed a genome wide association study for growth and feed efficiency using the GEMMA software on 679 rabbits genotyped with the Affimetrix Axiom Rabbit 200K Genotyping Array. No significant SNP was found for growth traits or feed intake. Two and 89 chromosome-wide significant SNPs were detected for feed conversion ratio and residual feed intake, respectively. The 89 significant SNPs for residual feed intake were all located on chromosome 18, where the putative functional candidate gene GOT1 could be identified.
Published: 2021

27. Pasteurella multocida experimental infection 1): resistance and hematological response

Author: Gunia, Mélanie, Lantier, Frédéric, Bed’Hom, Bertrand, Guitton, Edouard, Helies, Virginie, Helloin, Emmanuelle, Herbert, Caroline, Maupin, Mickaël, Riou, Mickaël, Robert, Raphaël, Garreau, Herve, Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Infectiologie et Santé Publique (UMR ISP), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative (GABI), Université Paris-Saclay-AgroParisTech-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Plateforme d'Infectiologie Expérimentale (PFIE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Hycole Sarl, Hypharm, and Université de Tours-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: resistance, blood cell counts, [SDV.GEN.GA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, hematology, rabbit, Pasteurellosis
Abstract: International audience; Pasteurellosis is the first cause of female mortality in rabbit farms. During the RELAPA project (Genomics for the Genetic Resistance of Rabbits to Pasteurellosis), 953 rabbits were inoculated at 6 weeks of age with a pyogenic strain of Pasteurella multocida (Pm) and were monitored during 14 days. Disease response was very variable among animals, with 7% of resistant animals and 11% of highly susceptible rabbits. Blood cell counts were performed at day 14 after inoculation on 574 inoculated and 28 control rabbits. Significant differences in white blood cell, red blood cell, and platelet counts were observed according to the disease resistance score. Susceptible rabbits have a lower red blood cell count, probably due to the hemolytic and hemorrhagic activity of Pm. They also have a higher percentage of monocytes, neutrophils and eosinophils (mainly involved in the innate immune system and inflammatory responses) and, conversely, a lower percentage of lymphocytes (mainly involved in the adaptive immune response) compared to highly resistant and control rabbits. They do not seem able to mount an effective immune response to control the infection.
Published: 2021

28. MACHINE LEARNING ALGORITHMS FOR THE PREDICTION OF FEED EFFICIENCY BASED ON CAECAL MICROBIOTA

Author: Piles, Miriam, Tusell, Llibertat, Velasco-Galilea, Maria, Helies, Virginie, Drouilhet, Laurence, Zemb, Olivier, Sánchez Juan, Pablo, Garreau, Hervé, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries = Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), World Rabbit Science Association, and European Project: 633531,H2020,H2020-SFS-2014-2,Feed-a-Gene(2015)
Subjects: feed efficiency machine learning caecal microbiota prediction selection, machine learning, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], feed efficiency, selection, prediction, caecal microbiota
Abstract: International audience; This study aimed at predicting feed conversion ratio (FCR) of young rabbits from abundances of amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) to improve this trait by selecting animals with the most favorable microbiota and identifying the most relevant microorganisms involved in feed efficiency. Data come from two rabbit populations coming from paternal INRA 1001 line (the G10, selected for 10 generations for decreased residual feed intake and the G0 control produced from frozen embryos of the common ancestor line). There were 296 and 292 FCR data from G10 and G0 individuals, respectively. Phenotypic data were pre-corrected for the systematic effects of group, batch, litter size and sex and the random litter effect. Sequence quality control and chimera removal were performed with the DADA2 pipeline. Samples with less than 5,000 final sequence counts and doubleton ASV were removed. The ASV counts of the final table (including 918 ASVs) were centered log-ratio transformed and corrected for batch effects with a surrogate variable analysis. Nested resampling for hyper-parameter tuning and prediction validation was implemented leading to 25 pairs of training/test sets. Bayesian regression models (Bayesian Lasso, Bayesian Ridge Regression and Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Spaces) and machine learning algorithms (Support vector machine and Elastic net) were fitted to all ASVs leading to an almost null prediction accuracy in all cases. Then, ASVs were ranked for their prediction importance using the permutation accuracy importance score in a Random Forest algorithm based on conditional inference and, different subsets of increasing size (50, 100, 150, 200, 300, 400, 500, All) of the most important ASVs and surrogate variables were used as predictors in the machine learning algorithms. The best performance and the most stable results were obtained with machine learning using the 100 most important ASVs being most of them assigned to order Clostridiales. The medians of the Spearman correlation (interquartile range) were 0.33 (0.09) and 0.32 (0.06) for SVM and ENET, respectively.
Published: 2021

29. Pasteurella multocida experimental infection (2): genetic parameters

Author: Gunia, Mélanie, Lantier, Frédéric, Bed’Hom, Bertrand, Guitton, Edouard, Helies, Virginie, Helloin, Emmanuelle, Herbert, Caroline, Maupin, Mickaël, Riou, Mickaël, Robert, Raphaël, Shrestha, Merina, Garreau, Herve, Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Infectiologie et Santé Publique (UMR ISP), Université de Tours-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative (GABI), Université Paris-Saclay-AgroParisTech-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Plateforme d'Infectiologie Expérimentale (PFIE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Hycole Sarl, Hypharm, and Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)
Subjects: resistance, blood cell counts, [SDV.GEN.GA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, hematology, rabbit, Pasteurellosis
Abstract: International audience; In this study, we experimentally infected 953 crossbred rabbits from 6 sire lines with Pasteurella multocida, and diagnosed their response to Pasteurellosis. We recorded abscess and bacterial dissemination, growth before and after inoculation, and performed blood cell counts 14 days post inoculation. The heritabilities were low to moderate for all traits, except for the eosinophils percentage, which does not seem to be heritable. There were positive genetic correlations between the Resistance score and the red blood cell count, the hematocrit, hemoglobin and lymphocyte percentages. On the opposite, there were negative genetic correlations between the Resistance score and the platelets, the white blood cells, the neutrophil and monocytes percentages. Among the hematological traits, lymphocyte percentage could be a potential selection criterion to breed for Pasteurellosis resistance. Its heritability was relatively high (0.24 ± 0.09) compared to the other traits and its correlation with the Resistance score was also high (0.83). This is the first analyses of the genetic parameters of hematological traits in experimentally infected rabbits.
Published: 2021

30. Recommendations on the management of pudendal nerve entrapment syndrome: A formalised expert consensus

Author: B. Rioult, Virginie Quistrebert, Michel Cosson, Claire Garreau, Marie-Aimée Perrouin-Verbe, Anne-Marie Leroi, Bertrand Quinio, Frédérique Mohy, Jean-Jacques Labat, Katleen Jottard, Pascale Picard, Rebecca Haddad, Christine Levêque, Roger Robert, Eric Bautrant, Guy Valancogne, Gérard Amarenco, Luc Bruyninx, Thibault Riant, Lara Quintas, Amandine Guinet-Lacoste, Xavier Deffieux, Thierry G. Vancaillie, Marc Beer Gabel, Stéphane Ploteau, Amélie Levesque, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Pelvi-Perineal Surgery and Rehabilitation Department, Private Medical Centre 'l'Avancée-Clinique Axium', Aix en Provence, France., Tête d'or' Reeducation Centre, Lyon, France., Maurice Bensignor Multidisciplinary Pain Center, Centre Catherine de Sienne, Nantes, France., Neurogastroenterology and Pelvic Floor Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel., Nutrition, inflammation et dysfonctionnement de l'axe intestin-cerveau (ADEN), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UNIROUEN - UFR Santé (UNIROUEN UFR Santé), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Service de physiologie digestive, urinaire, respiratoire et de l'exercice [CHU Rouen], Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen]-CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Department of Surgery, Brugmann Hospital, Brussels, Belgium., CHU Tenon [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Department of Gynecology, Clinical Institute of Gynecology, Obstetrics, and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Barcelona, Spain., CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de La Réunion (CHU La Réunion), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Plate-forme Mouvement et handicap [Hôpital Henry Gabrielle - Lyon], Hôpital Henry Gabrielle [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Hôpital de la Cavale Blanche - CHRU Brest (CHU - BREST ), Department of Gynecologic Surgery, Jeanne de Flandre Hospital, CHU de Lille, Lille, France., AP-HP - Hôpital Antoine Béclère [Clamart], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), and General Practitioner's Office, Le Bono, France.
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Consensus, Pudendal nerve, 030232 urology & nephrology, Primary care, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Effective treatment, Humans, Intensive care medicine, Good practice, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Pain Measurement, Pudendal Neuralgia, 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine, Pudendal Nerve Entrapment Syndrome, Pulsed radiofrequency, business.industry, Expert consensus, United States, 3. Good health, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Homogeneous, business
Abstract: BACKGROUND Since the development and publication of diagnostic criteria for pudendal nerve entrapment (PNE) syndrome in 2008, no comprehensive work has been published on the clinical knowledge in the management of this condition. The aim of this work was to develop recommendations on the diagnosis and the management of PNE. METHODS The methodology of this study was based on French High Authority for Health Method for the development of good practice and the literature review was based on the PRISMA method. The selected articles have all been evaluated according to the American Society of Interventional Pain Physicians assessment grid. RESULTS The results of the literature review and expert consensus are incorporated into 10 sections to describe diagnosis and management of PNE: (1) diagnosis of PNE, (2) patients advice and precautions, (3) drugs treatments, (4) physiotherapy, (5) transcutaneous electrostimulations (TENS), (6) psychotherapy, (7) injections, (8) surgery, (9) pulsed radiofrequency, and (10) Neuromodulation. The following major points should be noted: (i) the relevance of 4+1 Nantes criteria for diagnosis; (ii) the preference for initial monotherapy with tri-tetracyclics or gabapentinoids; (iii) the lack of effect of opiates, (iv) the likely relevance (pending more controlled studies) of physiotherapy, TENS and cognitive behavioural therapy; (v) the incertitudes (lack of data) regarding corticoid injections, (vi) surgery is a long term effective treatment and (vii) radiofrequency needs a longer follow-up to be currently proposed in this indication. CONCLUSION These recommendations should allow rational and homogeneous management of patients suffering from PNE. They should also allow to shorten the delays of management by directing the primary care. SIGNIFICANCE Pudendal nerve entrapment (PNE) has only been known for about 20 years and its management is heterogeneous from one practitioner to another. This work offers a synthesis of the literature and international experts' opinions on the diagnosis and management of PNE.
Published: 2021
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31. Multi-frequency telecom fibered laser system for potassium laser cooling

Author: Denis Bacquet, Pascal Szriftgiser, Charbel Cherfan, Jean Claude Garreau, Maxime Denis, Radu Chicireanu, Jean-François Clément, Isam Manai, Samir Zemmouri, Michel Gamot, Atomes Froids (Atomes Froids), Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules - UMR 8523 (PhLAM), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-18-CE30-0017,MANYLOK,Localisation à N corps avec le Kicked Rotor(2018), and ANR-16-IDEX-0004,ULNE,ULNE(2016)
Subjects: Materials science, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph), Potassium, FOS: Physical sciences, chemistry.chemical_element, Physics::Optics, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Physics - Atomic Physics, law.invention, 010309 optics, Trap (computing), [PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph], Ultracold atom, law, Laser cooling, 0103 physical sciences, Fiber, Physics::Atomic Physics, [PHYS.COND.CM-DS-NN]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Disordered Systems and Neural Networks [cond-mat.dis-nn], 010306 general physics, Quantum Physics, business.industry, Amplifier, Laser, chemistry, Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas), [NLIN.NLIN-CD]Nonlinear Sciences [physics]/Chaotic Dynamics [nlin.CD], Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases, Quantum Physics (quant-ph), Telecommunications, business, Beam (structure), Physics - Optics, Optics (physics.optics)
Abstract: International audience; We describe a compact and versatile multi-frequency laser system for laser-cooling potassium atoms, by frequency doubling a fiber-optic telecom beam ($\simeq 1534$ or $1540$~nm). Low-power fiber-based telecom lasers and components generate a single beam containing the cooling and repumper half frequencies, subsequently amplified by high-power amplifier. A final free-space SHG stage generates a single beam with typically 2.5 W at quasi-resonant frequencies ($\simeq 767$ or $770$~nm) with high-quality mode and ready for laser cooling. This allowed to trap up to $4\times10^9$ $^{41}$K atoms with fast loading times (2.5 s) at sub-Doppler temperatures of 16~$\mu$K. This opens promising perspectives towards versatile and transportable ultracold atom setups.
Published: 2021
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32. Model-Based Comparative Analysis of Rifampicin and Rifabutin Drug-Drug Interaction Profile

Author: Vianney Tuloup, Mathilde France, Romain Garreau, Nathalie Bleyzac, Laurent Bourguignon, Michel Tod, Sylvain Goutelle, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département biostatistiques et modélisation pour la santé et l'environnement [LBBE], Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon
Subjects: Rifabutin, MESH: Drug Interactions, MESH: Pharmaceutical Preparations, Drug-drug interaction, Rifamycins, Pharmacology, Staphylococcal infections, MESH: Rifamycins, Pharmacokinetics, parasitic diseases, medicine, polycyclic compounds, Drug Interactions, Pharmacology (medical), heterocyclic compounds, Rifampicin, biology, business.industry, Cytochrome P450, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, medicine.disease, bacterial infections and mycoses, MESH: Rifampin, Infectious Diseases, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Pharmaceutical Preparations, MESH: Rifabutin, biology.protein, [SDV.SP.PHARMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences/Pharmacology, Rifampin, business, medicine.drug
Abstract: International audience; Rifamycins are widely used for treating mycobacterial and staphylococcal infections. Drug-drug interactions (DDI) caused by rifampicin (RIF) are a major issue. We used a model-based approach to predict the magnitude of DDI with RIF and rifabutin (RBT) for 217 cytochrome P450 (CYP) substrates. On average, DDI caused by low-dose RIF were twice as potent as those caused by RBT. Contrary to RIF, RBT appears unlikely to cause severe DDI, even with sensitive CYP substrates.
Published: 2021
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33. Spatial correlation of embedded nanowires probed by X-ray off-Bragg scattering of the host matrix

Author: Yves Garreau, Franck Vidal, Alina Vlad, Alessandro Coati, Marcel Hennes, Thomas Tran, Dominique Demaille, Y. Zheng, M. Sauvage-Simkin, Maurizio Sacchi, Xiaorong Weng, Croissance et propriétés de systèmes hybrides en couches minces (INSP-E8), Institut des Nanosciences de Paris (INSP), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Synchrotron SOLEIL (SSOLEIL), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Diffraction, Spatial correlation, Materials science, Scattering, Nanowire, Bragg's law, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Molecular physics, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Synchrotron, 0104 chemical sciences, law.invention, Matrix (mathematics), Condensed Matter::Materials Science, law, Transmission electron microscopy, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], 0210 nano-technology
Abstract: It is shown that information on the spatial correlation of nano-objects embedded in a crystalline matrix can be retrieved by analysing the X-ray scattering around the Bragg reflections of the host matrix. Data are reported for vertically aligned Ni and CoNi alloy nanowires (NWs) in an SrTiO3 matrix. When the Bragg condition is fulfilled for the matrix and not for the NWs, the latter can be approximated by voids, and the scattering around the matrix reflections contains information on the self-correlation of the NWs (i.e. on their diameter d) and on the correlation between NWs (interdistance D). Nondestructive synchrotron X-ray diffraction data provide information on these values averaged over large areas, complementing local transmission electron microscopy observations. The measurements show that off-Bragg scattering around the matrix reflections can be exploited to study the spatial correlation and morphology of embedded nano-objects, independently of their crystallinity or strain or the presence of defects.
Published: 2021
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34. Synthesizing arbitrary dispersion relations in a modulated tilted optical lattice

Author: Garreau, Jean Claude, Zehnl��, V��ronique, Atomes Froids (Atomes Froids), Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules - UMR 8523 (PhLAM), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Quantum Physics, [PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph], Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas), Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph), [NLIN.NLIN-CD]Nonlinear Sciences [physics]/Chaotic Dynamics [nlin.CD], FOS: Physical sciences, [PHYS.COND.CM-DS-NN]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Disordered Systems and Neural Networks [cond-mat.dis-nn], Quantum Physics (quant-ph), Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases, Physics - Atomic Physics
Abstract: Dispersion relations are fundamental characteristics of the dynamics of quantum and wave systems. In this work we introduce a simple technique to generate arbitrary dispersion relations in a modulated tilted lattice. The technique is illustrated by important examples: the Dirac, Bogoliubov and Landau dispersion relations (the latter exhibiting the roton and the maxon). We show that adding a slow chirp to the lattice modulation allows one to reconstruct the dispersion relation from dynamical quantities. Finally, we generalize the technique to higher dimensions, and generate graphene-like Dirac points and flat bands in two dimensions., 9 pages, 6 color figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. A
Published: 2021

35. What does LIME really see in images?

Author: Damien Garreau, Dina Mardaoui, Modèles et algorithmes pour l’intelligence artificielle (MAASAI), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (JAD), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Scalable and Pervasive softwARe and Knowledge Systems (Laboratoire I3S - SPARKS), Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (JAD), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecole Polytechnice Universitaire de Nice (EPU Nice -Polytech'Nice-Sophia), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (LJAD), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Scalable and Pervasive softwARe and Knowledge Systems (Laboratoire I3S - SPARKS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (LJAD), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, Computer Science - Machine Learning, [STAT.ML]Statistics [stat]/Machine Learning [stat.ML], Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV), Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, [INFO.INFO-CV]Computer Science [cs]/Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition [cs.CV], Machine Learning (cs.LG), [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI]
Abstract: The performance of modern algorithms on certain computer vision tasks such as object recognition is now close to that of humans. This success was achieved at the price of complicated architectures depending on millions of parameters and it has become quite challenging to understand how particular predictions are made. Interpretability methods propose to give us this understanding. In this paper, we study LIME, perhaps one of the most popular. On the theoretical side, we show that when the number of generated examples is large, LIME explanations are concentrated around a limit explanation for which we give an explicit expression. We further this study for elementary shape detectors and linear models. As a consequence of this analysis, we uncover a connection between LIME and integrated gradients, another explanation method. More precisely, the LIME explanations are similar to the sum of integrated gradients over the superpixels used in the preprocessing step of LIME., 30 pages, 13 figures, accepted to ICML 2021
Published: 2021

36. Selectins impair regulatory T cell function and contribute to systemic lupus erythematosus pathogenesis

Author: Pierre Duffau, Maya Saleh, Anne Garreau, Emmanuel Ribeiro, Isabelle Douchet, Lionel Couzi, Irène Machelart, Cécile Contin-Bordes, Marc Scherlinger, Patrick Blanco, Jean-Philippe Guegan, Vivien Guillotin, Thierry Schaeverbeke, Patrick Legembre, Marie-Elise Truchetet, Andrea Boizard-Moracchini, Agathe Vermorel, Nathalie Merillon, Jean-François Viallard, Estibaliz Lazaro, Vanja Sisirak, Christophe Richez, Thomas Barnetche, Pierre Vacher, Jean-Luc Pellegrin, Hélène Dumortier, Immunology from Concept and Experiments to Translation (ImmunoConcept), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Actions for OnCogenesis understanding and Target Identification in ONcology (ACTION), Institut Bergonié [Bordeaux], UNICANCER-UNICANCER-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], Contrôle de la Réponse Immune B et des Lymphoproliférations (CRIBL), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Immunopathologie et chimie thérapeutique (ICT), Institut de biologie moléculaire et cellulaire (IBMC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SISIRAK, VANJA, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut Bergonié [Bordeaux], UNICANCER-UNICANCER, Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST), and Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Regulatory T cell, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Syk, T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Transforming Growth Factor beta, Interferon, immune system diseases, medicine, Animals, Humans, Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic, skin and connective tissue diseases, Lupus erythematosus, biology, business.industry, General Medicine, Transforming growth factor beta, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Immunology, Selectins, biology.protein, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Antibody, business, Selectin, 030215 immunology, Transforming growth factor, medicine.drug
Abstract: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by a loss of tolerance toward self-nucleic acids, autoantibody production, interferon expression and signaling, and a defect in the regulatory T (Treg) cell compartment. In this work, we identified that platelets from patients with active SLE preferentially interacted with Treg cells via the P-selectin/P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1) axis. Selectin interaction with PSGL-1 blocked the regulatory and suppressive properties of Treg cells and particularly follicular Treg cells by triggering Syk phosphorylation and an increase in intracytosolic calcium. Mechanistically, P-selectin engagement on Treg cells induced a down-regulation of the transforming growth factor–β axis, altering the phenotype of Treg cells and limiting their immunosuppressive responses. In patients with SLE, we found an up-regulation of P- and E-selectin both on microparticles and in their soluble forms that correlated with disease activity. Last, blocking P-selectin in a mouse model of SLE improved cardinal features of the disease, such as anti-dsDNA antibody concentrations and kidney pathology. Overall, our results identify a P-selectin–dependent pathway that is active in patients with SLE and validate it as a potential therapeutic avenue.
Published: 2021
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37. Facile Elaboration of Wet Cellulose Film as Catalyst Support of MnOx Nanoparticles for the Catalytic Oxidation of Dyes in Absence of Light

Author: Fernanda F. Camilo, Mary-Lorène Goddard, Marcos A. Bizeto, Ludovic Josien, Samar Hajjar-Garreau, Simona Bennici, Lionel Limousy, Larissa V.F. Oliveira, Institut de Science des Matériaux de Mulhouse (IS2M), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et nanosciences d'Alsace (FMNGE), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)
Subjects: Materials science, Catalyst support, cellulose film, Nanoparticle, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, lcsh:TD1-1066, Catalysis, chemistry.chemical_compound, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Cellulose, indigo carmine dye, lcsh:Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, lcsh:TA170-171, General Engineering, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Decomposition, 6. Clean water, 0104 chemical sciences, lcsh:Environmental engineering, chemistry, Catalytic oxidation, Chemical engineering, Indigo carmine, Ionic liquid, MnOx nanoparticles, 0210 nano-technology, catalytic oxidation
Abstract: International audience; In the present work a remarkably simple procedure for the elaboration of wet cellulose film containing manganese oxide nanoparticles was developed. The films were produced using a mold made by 3D printing using cellulose dissolved in an ionic liquid, which allows the production of thin and homogeneous films of different shapes, types and designs which cannot be made using conventional techniques. Thanks to this possibility, the final catalytic object can be implemented in specific reactors. Manganese oxide nanoparticles were prepared as a colloidal solution by a redox/sol-gel procedure and then deposited on the cellulose films by wet impregnation. The catalytic film obtained was tested in the decomposition of a dye, indigo carmine (IC), in the absence of light. The influence of the pH of the solution on the decomposition rate was investigated. IC total decomposition was measured after 1-h reaction at pH below 3. At pH = 2, no deactivation of the catalyst was observed even after four decomposition cycles. This work provides a new strategy to design cellulose-based catalysts for dye removal from wastewater.
Published: 2021
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38. Utilisation d'un escape game pour l'évaluation des acquis en informatique : éléments de préparation d'une séance d'escape game en NSI

Author: Garreau, Fabien, Institut national supérieur du professorat et de l'éducation - Académie de Nantes (INSPÉ Nantes), Université de Nantes (UN), and Christophe Declercq
Subjects: [SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, Numérique et sciences informatiques (NSI), Lycée, Escape game
Abstract: This document propose a reflexion about the organisation and preparation of an Escape Game for high school in computer science. This document propose a method to design and setup an evaluation in computer science using an escape game in class.; Cet écrit propose une réflexion sur l’organisation et la préparation d’un Escape Game dans le second degré dans la discipline Numérique et Sciences Informatiques. Ce document propose une méthode d’élaboration permettant de mettre en place une évaluation en informatique en s’appuyant sur un jeu d’Escape Game en classe.
Published: 2021

39. Population pharmacokinetics of daptomycin in patients with bone and joint infection: minimal effect of rifampicin co-administration and confirmation of a sex difference

Author: Garreau, Romain, Bricca, Romain, Gagnieu, Marie-Claude, Roux, Sandrine, Conrad, Anne, Bourguignon, Laurent, Ferry, Tristan, Goutelle, Sylvain, Valour, Florent, Perpoint, Thomas, Miailhes, Patrick, Ader, Florence, Becker, Agathe, Triffault-Fillit, Claire, Pouderoux, Cécile, Benech, Nicolas, Chauvelot, Pierre, Perry, Marielle, Daoud, Fatiha, Lippman, Johanna, Braun, Evelyne, Chidiac, Christian, Servien, Elvire, Lustig, Sébastien, Batailler, Cécile, Gunst, Stanislas, Schmidt, Axel, Malatray, Matthieu, Sappey-Marinier, Elliot, Fessy, Michel-Henry, Viste, Anthony, Besse, Jean-Luc, Chaudier, Philippe, Louboutin, Lucie, Ode, Quentin, van Haecke, Adrien, Mercier, Marcelle, Belgaid, Vincent, Walch, Arnaud, Martres, Sébastien, Trouillet, Franck, Barrey, Cédric, Mojallal, Ali, Brosset, Sophie, Hanriat, Camille, Person, Hélène, Sigaux, Nicolas, Céruse, Philippe, Fuchsmann, Carine, Aubrun, Frédéric, Dziadzko, Mikhail, Macabéo, Caroline, Laurent, Frederic, Beraud, Laetitia, Roussel-Gaillard, Tiphaine, Dupieux, Céline, Kolenda, Camille, Josse, Jérôme, Brevet, Marie, Trecourt, Alexis, Craighero, Fabien, Boussel, Loic, Pialat, Jean-Baptiste, Morelec, Isabelle, Tod, Michel, Mabrut, Eugénie, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Lyon Bone and Joint Infection Study Group (BJI), Hôpital Nord-Ouest de Villefranche-sur-Saône, Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales [Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse - HCL], Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre interrégional de référence Rhône-Alpes - Auvergne des infections ostéo-articulaires complexes, Institut des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques (ISPB), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé (CREATIS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Modeling & analysis for medical imaging and Diagnosis (MYRIAD), and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL)
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), medicine.medical_specialty, 030106 microbiology, Population, MESH: Daptomycin, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Daptomycin, Pharmacokinetics, MESH: Drug Monitoring, Internal medicine, MESH: Anti-Bacterial Agents, medicine, polycyclic compounds, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), 030212 general & internal medicine, Dosing, education, Pharmacology, Volume of distribution, Sex Characteristics, education.field_of_study, MESH: Humans, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Drug interaction, [SDV.SP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences, bacterial infections and mycoses, MESH: Rifampin, MESH: Male, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Infectious Diseases, Therapeutic drug monitoring, Female, Drug Monitoring, Rifampin, business, MESH: Female, Rifampicin, medicine.drug, MESH: Sex Characteristics
Abstract: Background Daptomycin is increasingly used in the treatment of bone and joint infection (BJI), but its pharmacokinetics (PK) and dosage requirements have not been thoroughly investigated in this indication. Daptomycin may be co-administered with rifampicin, which raises questions about a potential drug interaction. Objectives To investigate the population PK and dosage requirements of daptomycin in patients with BJI, and examine the influence of rifampicin co-administration. Methods A population approach was used to analyse PK data from patients who received daptomycin in our regional reference for BJI. We examined the influence of available covariates, including rifampicin co-administration on daptomycin PK. Simulations performed with the final model investigated the influence of dosages and covariates on PTA for both efficacy and safety. Results A total of 1303 daptomycin concentrations from 183 patients were analysed. A two-compartment model best described the data. Significant intra-individual variability was observed. Daptomycin clearance was influenced by renal function and sex, with females having a 26% lower typical clearance than males. Central volume of distribution (V1) was influenced by body weight, age, sex and rifampicin co-administration. Typical V1 was 11% lower in patients who were co-administered rifampicin. In PK/PD simulations, sex influenced the probability of AUC24/MIC target attainment, while rifampicin had a marginal effect. Conclusions A daptomycin dosage of 8 mg/kg/24 h in women and 10 mg/kg/24 h in men should optimize efficacy but may lead to excessive trough concentrations in many patients, especially in women. Therapeutic drug monitoring appears necessary for precision dosing of daptomycin.
Published: 2021
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40. Recent progress in the study of fine-scale physical-biological coupling in the Mediterranean Sea

Author: Gérald Grégori, Bàrbara Barceló-Llull, Louise Rousselet, Stéphanie Barrillon, Lucie Bordois, Ananda Pascual, Roxane Tzortzis, Nagib Bhairy, Franck Dumas, Caroline Comby, Melilotus Thyssen, Anne Petrenko, Llyod Izard, Andrea Doglioli, Frédéric Cyr, Marc Tedetti, Pierre Garreau, Francesco d'Ovidio, Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Processus et interactions de fine échelle océanique (PROTEO), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avancats (IMEDEA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Universidad de las Islas Baleares (UIB), Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Centre (NWAFC), Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO), Laboratoire d'Océanographie Physique et Spatiale (LOPS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service Hydrographique et Océanographique de la Marine (SHOM), Ministère de la Défense, Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO - UC San Diego), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO), and University of California-University of California
Subjects: Mediterranean climate, Oceanography, Frontogenesis, Mediterranean sea, Eddy, 13. Climate action, Diurnal cycle, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Phytoplankton, Mesoscale meteorology, Sampling (statistics), Environmental science, 14. Life underwater
Abstract: Trabajo presentado a la 23rd EGU General Assembly, celebrada online del 19al 30 de abril de 2021., The fine scales are defined here as oceanic dynamical features (eddies, fronts and filaments) generally induced by mesoscale interactions and frontogenesis, and often associated with intense vertical exchanges. These processes are characterized by horizontal scales of 1–10 km with a relatively short lifetime of days/weeks to months. This temporal scale is similar to that of many biological processes, such as, phytoplankton growth, suggesting a physical and biological coupling. Numerical simulations and satellite observations have allowed the characterization of this regime highlighting the role played by these fine scales on structuring the phytoplankton community. To better understand this coupling mechanism, physical and biological in situ measurements are necessary. However, the observations of fine scales remains challenging due to the difficulties of sampling at high spatio-temporal frequency (~km ~daily). Over the past few years, the Mediterranean Sea has become a lab for developing fine scale in situ strategies. Indeed, a series of campaigns using a satellite based adaptative and Lagrangian strategy coupled with a high-resolution physical-biological sampling, have been performed in order to follow and describe fine scale structures. Following this strategy, the PROTEVSMED-SWOT 2018 cruise has been leaded in the South of the Balearic Islands, with a particular attention to correlate the Lagrangian sampling with the temporal phytoplankton growth, in order to reconstruct the phytoplankton diurnal cycle. Multidisciplinary in situ sensors have allowed to identify a frontal area with a dynamic vertical circulation. Furthermore, the presence of two Atlantic waters, at different stages of mixing associated with various abundances of several phytoplankton groups, corroborated that fine scales must be dynamical barriers to transport, as previous modeling studies have proposed. In order to better understand fine scale mechanisms, the Protevs Gibraltar cruise was performed in the Strait of Gibraltar in October 2020. This region of study is characterized by an important exchange of Mediterranean and Atlantic waters, and also by an intense circulation that generates energetic processes, which make it a favorable place for the formation of fine scale structures. The new knowledge acquired with these studies paves the way to the future BIOSWOT-Med campaign planned for 2022 in the western Mediterranean Sea under the future SWOT satellite crossover tracks.
Published: 2021
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41. Comparison-based centrality measures

Author: Luca Rendsburg, Damien Garreau, University of Tübingen, Modèles et algorithmes pour l’intelligence artificielle (MAASAI), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (LJAD), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Scalable and Pervasive softwARe and Knowledge Systems (Laboratoire I3S - SPARKS), Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Laboratoire d'Informatique, Signaux, et Systèmes de Sophia Antipolis (I3S), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (LJAD), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (JAD), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Scalable and Pervasive softwARe and Knowledge Systems (Laboratoire I3S - SPARKS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Laboratoire Jean Alexandre Dieudonné (JAD), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Relation (database), Computer science, Ordinal information, 010501 environmental sciences, Machine learning, computer.software_genre, 01 natural sciences, Measure (mathematics), [INFO.INFO-AI]Computer Science [cs]/Artificial Intelligence [cs.AI], 010104 statistics & probability, [STAT.ML]Statistics [stat]/Machine Learning [stat.ML], Centrality measures, 0101 mathematics, Statistical depth functions, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Triplets, business.industry, Human intelligence, Applied Mathematics, Medoid, Pairwise comparisons, Computer Science Applications, Management information systems, ComputingMethodologies_PATTERNRECOGNITION, Computational Theory and Mathematics, Modeling and Simulation, Anomaly detection, Pairwise comparison, Artificial intelligence, Centrality, business, computer, Information Systems
Abstract: Recently, learning only from ordinal information of the type “itemxis closer to itemythan to itemz” has received increasing attention in the machine learning community. Such triplet comparisons are particularly well suited for learning from crowdsourced human intelligence tasks, in which workers make statements about the relative distances in a triplet of items. In this paper, we systematically investigate comparison-based centrality measures on triplets and theoretically analyze their underlying Euclidean notion of centrality. Two such measures already appear in the literature under opposing approaches, and we propose a third measure, which is a natural compromise between these two. We further discuss their relation to statistical depth functions, which comprise desirable properties for centrality measures, and conclude with experiments on real and synthetic datasets for medoid estimation and outlier detection.
Published: 2021
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42. Développement d'une méthodologie d’analyse de la parcimonie pour la simulation énergétique urbaine

Author: Garreau, Enora, Centre Efficacité Énergétique des Systèmes (CES), MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres, Dominique Marchio, Thomas Berthou, and Bruno Duplessis
Subjects: Urban building energy simulation, Decision-aiding, Aide à la décision, Simulation énergétique urbaine des bâtiments, District, Modélisation, Parcimonie, [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, Quartier, Parsimony, Modelling
Abstract: Research has to address global energy issues in order to reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions to limit climate change. This research includes the development of new urban simulation tools, called UBEM (Urban Building Energy Modelling), to help the collectivities, study offices and other energy transition stakeholders reduce energy consumption in the building sector. These UBEMs are composed of models that have to deal with the problems of lack of parametrization data and calculation costs related to urban simulation. Many models exist with different levels of detail, to simulate all the physical phenomena linked to the building, energetic systems or external solicitation while respecting these constraints. Due to the wide variety of models available, the user/modeler may find himself in situations where the selection of the most suitable models for his study can be tedious and complex. Thus, a methodology for carrying out a "parsimonious" simulation is proposed in this thesis. This parsimony of simulation aims at finding the right level of modelling by determining the trade-off point between: the number of input parameters and their uncertainty, the level of detail of the model with its simplifying hypotheses, the precision obtained and the simulation time, all for a given output and context. Key guidance indicators (KGI) are created from district characteristics and used to determine threshold values for the selection of the model complexity to be used. This contribution allows to advise and guide various users and modelers in their urban modelling, so as to promote a simulation which is not the most accurate, but the most suitable for the case study. Thus, the thesis proposes a methodology for the development of more parsimonious and therefore more effective decision support tools, allowing to make the various stakeholders aware of all the parsimony challenges: move from the logic of always more to just the right thing.; La recherche doit répondre aux enjeux énergétiques globaux afin de réduire les consommations énergétiques et les émissions de gaz à effet de serre pour limiter l’impact du changement climatique. Cette recherche s’appuie notamment sur le développement de nouveaux outils de simulation urbaine, appelés UBEM (Urban Building Energy Modelling), afin d’aider les collectivités, les bureaux d’études et autres acteurs de la transition énergétique à réduire les consommations d’énergie du secteur du bâtiment. Ces UBEM sont composés de modèles devant intégrer les problématiques de manque de données de paramétrage et de coût de calcul liés à la simulation urbaine. De nombreux modèles existent avec des niveaux de détail différents, afin de simuler l’ensemble des phénomènes physiques liés au bâti, aux systèmes énergétiques ou encore aux sollicitations extérieures, en respectant ces contraintes. De par cette grande diversité de modèles à disposition de l’utilisateur, ce dernier peut se retrouver dans des situations où la sélection des modèles les plus adaptés à son étude peut s’avérer fastidieuse et complexe. Ainsi, une méthodologie permettant de réaliser une simulation dite « parcimonieuse » est proposée dans cette thèse. La parcimonie de simulation a pour objectif de trouver le bon niveau de modélisation en déterminant le point d’équilibre entre : le nombre de paramètres d’entrée et leurs incertitudes, le niveau de détail du modèle avec ses hypothèses simplificatrices, la précision obtenue vis-à-vis d’une référence et le temps de simulation, le tout pour une sortie et un contexte donnés. Pour cela, des KGI (Key Guidance Indicators), créés à partir des caractéristiques liées à l’échelle quartier, sont utilisés afin de déterminer des valeurs seuils permettant de choisir quel niveau de modélisation utiliser suivant le quartier. Cette contribution permet de pouvoir conseiller et guider divers utilisateurs et modélisateurs, dans leurs modélisations urbaines, afin de proposer une simulation non pas la plus précise, mais la plus adaptée au cas d’étude. Cette thèse propose ainsi une méthodologie pour le développement d’outils d’aide à la décision plus parcimonieux et donc plus efficaces, permettant passer de la logique du toujours plus à juste ce qu’il faut.
Published: 2021

43. Characterization of fronts in the Western Mediterranean with a special focus on the North Balearic Front

Author: Barral, Quentin-Boris, Zakardjian, Bruno, Dumas, Franck, Garreau, Pierre, Testor, Pierre, Beuvier, Jonathan, Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service Hydrographique et Océanographique de la Marine (SHOM), Ministère de la Défense, Laboratoire d'Océanographie Physique et Spatiale (LOPS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Variabilité de l'Océan et de la Glace de mer (VOG), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Mercator Océan, Société Civile CNRS Ifremer IRD Météo-France SHOM, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)
Subjects: Western Mediterranean, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], Annual variability, Deep water formation, Frontal detection, North Balearic Front, Seasonal variability, Eddies, [SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography
Abstract: International audience; We focus on the characterization of thermohaline fronts in the Western Mediterranean, with a particular focus on the North Balearic Front (NBF), separating the Atlantic Waters that spread into the Algerian Basin from the saltier and colder waters of the Liguro-Provençal area. We use a simple gradient-based method of front detection applied to a 20-year (from June 1993 to June 2013) reanalysis of the Mediterranean. Statistics of daily frontal indices are used to identify areas of recurrent fronts, i.e., frontal zones. Comparisons with data from glider transects and remotely sensed sea surface temperature and altimetry data have been used to validate our approach from daily to seasonal and interannual time scales. Our method yielded two co-existing frontal zones in the area of the NBF. One with an almost permanent haline surface frontal zone extending southeastward from the Balearic Islands to Sardinia, representing the northern limit of the fresher Atlantic Water that spreads via instabilities of the Algerian Current and associated Algerian Eddies. Between years, its position shifts by about 1° of latitude, possibly due to processes associated with both the deep water formation in the Provençal Basin and the spreading of southern Algerian Eddies. The second frontal zone is seasonal and thermally driven extending off the northeast of Menorca to the northwest of Corsica. The Pyrenees Front, a sharp thermal front off Cap de Creus which marks the boundary between the warm surface waters of the Balearic Sea and the cooler waters in the Gulf of Lion in late summer, appears to facilitate the formation of the aforementioned seasonal thermal front through the northeastward advection of its waters toward the West Corsican Current. The divergent eastward extensions of the two frontal zones, and their differences in nature, structure, and spatio-temporal variability, call for a revisit of the NBF appellation and a clarification of its dynamics.; Nous nous concentrons sur la caractérisation des fronts thermohalins en Méditerranée occidentale, avec un accent particulier sur le Front Nord-Baléares (NBF), séparant les eaux atlantiques qui se répandent dans le bassin algérien des eaux plus salées et plus froides de la zone Liguro-Provençal. Nous utilisons une méthode simple de détection des fronts basée sur le gradient, appliquée à une réanalyse de 20 ans (de juin 1993 à juin 2013) de la Méditerranée. Les statistiques des indices frontaux quotidiens sont utilisées pour identifier les zones de fronts récurrents, c'est-à-dire les zones frontales. Des comparaisons avec des données issues de transects de planeurs et des données de température de surface de la mer et d'altimétrie télédétectées ont été utilisées pour valider notre approche, de l'échelle journalière à l'échelle saisonnière et interannuelle. Notre méthode a permis d'identifier deux zones frontales coexistantes dans la région du NBF. L'une avec une zone frontale de surface haline quasi permanente s'étendant vers le sud-est des Baléares à la Sardaigne, représentant la limite nord des eaux atlantiques plus fraîches qui se répandent via les instabilités du courant algérien et des tourbillons algériens associés. D'une année sur l'autre, sa position se déplace d'environ 1° de latitude, probablement en raison de processus associés à la fois à la formation d'eau profonde dans le bassin provençal et à la propagation des tourbillons algériens du sud. La deuxième zone frontale est saisonnière et thermique, s'étendant du nord-est de Minorque au nord-ouest de la Corse. Le Front des Pyrénées, un front thermique net au large du Cap de Creus qui marque la limite entre les eaux chaudes de surface de la mer des Baléares et les eaux plus froides du Golfe du Lion à la fin de l'été, semble faciliter la formation du front thermique saisonnier susmentionné par l'advection de ses eaux vers le nord-est du courant de Corse occidentale. Les extensions divergentes vers l'est des deux zones frontales, et leurs différences de nature, de structure et de variabilité spatio-temporelle, appellent à une révision de l'appellation NBF et à une clarification de sa dynamique.
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

44. Etude de surfaces vicinales de saphir : influence de l'orientation de surface et de la durée de traitement thermique sur le facettage

Author: Coiral, Arthur, Garreau, Yves, Coati, Alessandro, Vlad, Alida, Resta, Andrea, BABONNEAU, David, Durinck, Julien, THUNE, Elsa, Guinebretière, René, DERORY, BEATRICE, IRCER - Axe 3 : organisation structurale multiéchelle des matériaux (IRCER-AXE3), Institut de Recherche sur les CERamiques (IRCER), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut des Procédés Appliqués aux Matériaux (IPAM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut des Procédés Appliqués aux Matériaux (IPAM), and Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [CHIM.MATE] Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, [CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry, [SPI.MAT] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials
Abstract: National audience
Published: 2021

45. Genetic trends in doe and kit behaviour and performances assessed with comparison of old and modern-type lines in a crossfostering design

Author: Girardie, Oceane, Robert, Raphaël, Maupin, Mickaël, Hurtaud, Jacques, Joly, Thierry, Ruesche, Julien, David, Ingrid, Garreau, Herve, Canario, Laurianne, Canario, Laurianne, Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Hypharm, and ISARA-Lyon
Subjects: [SDV.GEN.GA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, doe, breeding, [SDV.BA.ZV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology, [SDV.BDD] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, kit, [SDV.BA.ZV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Vertebrate Zoology, genetic trends, [SDV.GEN.GA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, [SDV.BDD]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, boldness, maternal behavior
Abstract: International audience; The study focused on the estimation of genetic trends for behavior and performances of does and kits during lactation in parallel to 22 generations of selective breeding for litter size and kit growth. The direct effects from the kit (kit line) were separated from the maternal effects of the doe (doe line) with use of a crossfostering design between the old-type (L0) and the modern-type (L22) lines. Does were studied over the two first parities. They raised rabbits from a single kit line. None kit was raised by its biological mother. At d21, L22 females produced more milk than L0 females (250 g vs 206 g, p=0.0003) which resulted in a higher weight of the kits at d21 (378 g vs 340 g, p
Published: 2021

46. New perspective on intergenerational transmission of characters

Author: David, Ingrid, Aliakbari, Amir, Canario, Laurianne, Combes, Sylvie, Demars, Julie, Déru, Vanille, Garreau, Herve, Gilbert, Hélène, Ricard, Anne, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and DAVID, Ingrid
Subjects: [SDV.GEN.GA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, [SDV.GEN.GA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2020

47. Long cavity hybrid InP/SiN mode-locked lasers

Author: Frederic van Dijk, Yasmine Ibrahimi, Jean-Marc Fedeli, Stephanie Garcia, Catherine Fortin, Alexandre Garreau, Karim Mekhazni, Francois Duport, Corrado Sciancalepore, Sylvain Boust, Quentin Wilmart, Jean-Francois Paret, Alcatel-Thalès III-V lab (III-V Lab), THALES-ALCATEL, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Institut des Fonctions Optiques pour les Technologies de l'informatiON (Institut FOTON), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Direction Generale pour l'Armement (DGA), European Defense Agency (EDA), Leonardo S.p.a. of the European Defense Agency [B-1487-IAP1-GP], Thales Research and Technologies [Orsay] (TRT), THALES [France], Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Waveguide lasers, Materials science, business.industry, Mode (statistics), Active mode, 02 engineering and technology, mode-locked laser, Laser, 01 natural sciences, Semiconductor laser theory, law.invention, 010309 optics, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], 020210 optoelectronics & photonics, Mode-locking, law, Distributed Bragg reflector lasers, hybrid lasers, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Harmonic, Laser mode locking, Optoelectronics, business, comb source
Abstract: International audience; In this paper, we present a 1.19 GHz integrated mode locked laser based on III-V/Si3N4 butt-coupling. We report the results of active mode locking and harmonic mode locking up to the 2nd harmonic. We also present the preliminary results on another mode locked lasers at repetition rate 360 MHz. To the best of our knowledge, this laser is the lowest repetition rate for an integrated hybrid laser on III-V/Si3N4.
Published: 2020
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48. Engineering Hamiltonians and symmetries in the Quantum Kicked Rotor

Author: Garreau, Jean-Claude, Atomes Froids (Atomes Froids), Laboratoire de Physique des Lasers, Atomes et Molécules - UMR 8523 (PhLAM), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National University of Singpore, Jiaobing Gong, and ANR-18-CE30-0017,MANYLOK,Localisation à N corps avec le Kicked Rotor(2018)
Subjects: [PHYS.QPHY]Physics [physics]/Quantum Physics [quant-ph], [NLIN.NLIN-CD]Nonlinear Sciences [physics]/Chaotic Dynamics [nlin.CD], [PHYS.COND.CM-DS-NN]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Disordered Systems and Neural Networks [cond-mat.dis-nn]
Abstract: Online conference because of Covid 19; International audience
Published: 2020

49. Cartographie du risque de transfusion péri-interventionnel au CHU Amiens-Picardie

Author: Garreau, Léo, Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), and Florent Leviel
Subjects: Perte sanguine peropératoire, Sang -- Transfusion, Centre hospitalier régional et universitaire (Amiens), [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: Objectif : réaliser une cartographie de la transfusion de produits sanguins labiles, culots globulaires (CG), concentrés plaquettaires d’aphérèse (CPA) et plasma frais congelés (PFC), en fonction du type d’intervention sur l’ensemble de l’activité nécessitant la présence d’un anesthésiste. Cette cartographie a pour intérêt d’aider la rationalisation de la prescription d’examen pré-transfusionnels à type de carte de groupe sanguin et recherche d'agglutinine irrégulière. Type d’étude : étude prospective observationnelle monocentrique au CHU-Amiens Picardie. Patients et méthodes : ont été inclus, tous les patients majeurs ayant bénéficié d’une transfusion dans les 48h avant ou après une intervention impliquant une anesthésie du 1er janvier au 30 juin 2018. Les interventions ont été classées en 36 groupes différents. Résultats : 839 interventions ont nécessité une transfusion sur 14 527 interventions, soit un taux de transfusion de 5,8% (IC 95% [5,4-6,2]). 797 interventions ont nécessité au moins un CG, 218 au moins un PFC et 144 un CPA. Onze types d’interventions avaient un taux de transfusion inférieur à 5%. La carte de groupe sanguin était disponible avant la transfusion pour 777 interventions et les RAI pour 758 d’entre elles. 2,6% (IC 95% [0-9,2]) des transfusions étaient du sang allogénique O positif et 0,6% (IC 95% [0-7,4]) du sang allogénique O négatif. Conclusion : dans notre centre les taux de transfusion observés étaient inférieurs à 5% pour 11 groupes d’intervention dont la chirurgie orthopédique mineure, la chirurgie viscérale mineure et bariatrique, la chirurgie thoracique carcinologique et la neurochirurgie rachidienne. Cette cartographie permettra de rationaliser la prescription d’examens pré-transfusionnels.
Published: 2020

50. Choix parcimonieux de modélisation pour la simulation des réseaux de chaleur

Author: Enora Garreau, Thomas Berthou, Bruno Duplessis, Vincent Partenay, Dominique Marchio, Centre Efficacité Énergétique des Systèmes (CES), MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), and Centre Scientifique et Technique du Bâtiment (CSTB)
Subjects: [SPI.OTHER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Other, heating network, district, parsimony
Abstract: International audience; In district energy simulation, new models are developed to address the issues arising in the urbanscale. These models can be at different levels of detail, which can influence the simulation time but also the multiple outputs in different ways. A new methodology that can tackle the issues of parsimonious modelling is then useful to know the influence and the necessity of such model complexity. This methodology is here applied to district heating networks. The global network model is divided in several sub-models for which several level of details are used. The individual and inter-effects of these sub-models are studied on several outputs, showing variable deviations following different district characteristics. It is then possible to choose parsimonious combinations of models complexity, taking into account the number of necessary parameters, simulation time and model complexity.; De nouveaux modèles sont développés pour répondre aux problématiques que soulève la modélisation énergétique à l'échelle du quartier par rapport à celle d'un unique bâtiment. La complexité de ces modèles influence la précision du résultat mais aussi le temps de calcul. Une méthodologie d'analyse de la parcimonie de ces modèles est proposée pour en connaître l'influence et la nécessité au vu de la problématique étudiée. Cette méthodologie est ici appliquée au cas des réseaux de chaleur, un des systèmes clés à l'échelle quartier. Pour cela le réseau est divisé en plusieurs sous-modèles pour lesquels différents niveaux de détail sont proposés. Les effets individuels et les inter-effets des sous-modèles sur différentes sorties de simulation sont étudiés, montrant des écarts variables suivant les types et caractéristiques de quartiers. Des choix parcimonieux de combinaisons de modèles par type de quartiers peuvent alors être déterminés suivant le nombre de paramètres utilisés, le temps de simulation ou la complexité des modèles.
Published: 2020

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