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The paper introduces a Web system which supports registration of scholarly papers to institutional repositories. Institutional repository is an important service for academic societies, however the number of archived papers is not enough in most of institutions. The authors of the paper developed a system that supports authors of papers (that is, researchers) and managers of repositories in registration of papers. By connecting with external databases of published research papers, the system urges researchers register their papers to repository. Additionally, the system automatically searches the copyright policy for each paper also using external databases. This paper makes clear the problem of current institutional repositories, and then describes the detailed idea of the developed system as a solution. The system is expected to decrease the efforts of researchers and managers for paper registration, and increase the number of archived papers in institutional repositories thereby.

Digital pen and paper technologies provide the basis for linking digital content and services to printed materials in the form of interactive paper publications. To realise the potential of these technologies, it is important to develop platforms and tools that can support the large-scale publishing of interactive paper documents. We show how an extensible content management system that was developed to support context-aware publishing was used for the production of interactive paper documents. The publishing process consists of two phases and requires one channel to support the production of the document together with cross-media link definitions and a second channel to support interaction with the document.

Rational: Academic libraries are increasingly offering online e-books because they provide convenient access for students, cost savings, logistical advantages and significant portability. Current research suggests that this trend will continue in the future. In parallel with the growth of the e-book market and the development of e-book library collections, librarians and information scientists have conducted a number of research studies to investigate the impact of e-books on collection development: specifically, relating to the challenges and questions of e-book management and service. Consequently, researchers have considered it pertinent to explore the behaviours and strategies of e-book readers.\ud Scope: In January 2020, institutions around the globe faced significant disruption due to COVID-19. Many universities accelerated their adoption of online/e-learning approaches in response to the COVID-19 epidemic. Though e-books were at an early stage of adoption and the culture of using them in academia was slowly growing, they suddenly became the preferred option, if not the sole option because libraries were closed. Accordingly, some of the popular publishers; for example, Cambridge University Press, have offered online higher education textbooks as free-to-access. Over 700 textbooks were available for more than 2 months, regardless of whether those textbooks had previously been purchased. Furthermore, MIT Press offered complimentary access to its catalogue of e-books to support faculty and students who were working and learning remotely.\ud Methodology: Despite increasing interest from librarians and learning technologists, prior to 2020, there were few well conducted studies investigating the habits of e-book users, especially amongst engineering students. Notwithstanding the challenges arising from the COVID-19 pandemic, an opportunity has arisen to survey student attitudes regarding the adoption of e-reading in an academic context. In this paper, a case study is presented that investigates the impact of the mandatory use of an e-book textbook in a final year undergraduate engineering module at the University of Nottingham Ningbo China. The paper investigates Science and Engineering students’ usage and attitudes towards e-books when using their available e-readers, which include PCs or portable devices. A cross-sectional survey containing 5 nominal questions, 2 open questions and 17 Likert questions was developed and deployed to final year students from two programmes: Electrical and Electronic Engineering and Mechatronics Engineering. These students were attending the module titled Integrated Circuits and Systems.\ud Findings: The results of this study highlight approaches for improving support for e-reading in an academic environment.\ud Of particular interest to librarians are student attitudes after their adjustment to e-books, which have implications for future purchasing decisions. Furthermore, student strategies for adjusting their learning techniques as a result of forced engagement with e-books illustrate preferences that can inform educators.\ud In conclusion, the forced adoption of e-books has presented the opportunity to investigate student acceptance and strategies. This research provides evidence for purchasing decisions and strategies for adopting e-books in wider Higher Education syllabi.

Scholarly information usually contains millions of raw data, such as authors, papers, citations, as well as scholarly networks. With the rapid growth of the digital publishing and harvesting, how to visually present the data efficiently becomes challenging. Nowadays, various visualization techniques can be easily applied on scholarly data visualization and visual analysis, which enables scientists to have a better way to represent the structure of scholarly data sets and reveal hidden patterns in the data. In this paper, we first introduce the basic concepts and the collection of scholarly data. Then, we provide a comprehensive overview of related data visualization tools, existing techniques, as well as systems for the analyzing volumes of diverse scholarly data. Finally, open issues are discussed to pursue new solutions for abundant and complicated scholarly data visualization, as well as techniques, that support a multitude of facets.

Advancing digital libraries to increase the sustainability and usefulness of digital scholarship depends on identifying and developing data models capable of representing increasingly complex scholarly products. This paper considers the potential for an emergent model of scientific communication, the research objects data model, to accommodate the complexities of digital humanities collections. Digital humanities collections aggregate and enrich diverse sources of evidence and context, serving simultaneously as "publications" and dynamic, interactive platforms for research. The research objects model is an alternative to traditional formats of publication, facilitating aggregation and description of all of the inputs and outputs of a research process, ranging from datasets to papers to executable code. This model increasingly underpins research infrastructures in some scientific domains, yet its efficacy for representing humanities scholarship, and for undergirding humanities cyberinfrastructure, remains largely untested. This study offers a qualitative content analysis of digital humanities collections relying on a content/context analytical framework for characterizing collection components and their interrelationships. This study then maps those components and relationships into a research objects model to identify the model’s strengths and limitations for representing diverse digital humanities scholarship.

This work deals with never-ending learning ap- proach for fact extraction from unstructured Russian text. It continues the research in the field of pattern learning techniques for morphologically rich free-word-order language. We introduce improvements for CPL-RUS algorithm and choose best initial pa- rameters. We conducted experiments with the extended version, RICH-CPL algorithm on the corpus containing over 1.3 million pages. This paper is shortened version of our paper [7] that includes also new modifications of the proposed methods.

Learning Object Repositories (LOR) are the backbone of the Learning Object Economy. However, little is known about how big they are, how they grow over time, what are the distribution of the contribution among their users or the popularity of their contents. This paper is a first step to measure these operational aspects of Learning Object Repositories and Referatories through a series of quantitative analysis. Measuring key aspects of the production and consumption of Learning Objects is a new sub-field of Informetrics that we call “Learnometrics”. The analyses are performed on current data from widely used LOR’s. The results confirm some long held beliefs, but also point out some new issues: LORs grow linearly, contribution distribution follows a power law and popularity of objects follows a log-normal distribution. The paper discusses the implications of these findings for the LOR community. Outstanding paper award. ispartof: pages:6031-6048 ispartof: Proceedings of EdMedia08: World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2008 pages:6031-6048 ispartof: EdMedia08: World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2008 location:Vienna, Austria status: published

This paper introduces the Book Structure Extraction competition run at ICDAR 2009. The goal of the competition is to evaluate and compare automatic techniques for deriving structure information from digitized books, which could then be used to aid navigation inside the books. More specifically, the task that participants are faced with is to construct hyperlinked tables of contents for a collection of 1,000 digitized books. This paper describes the setup of the competition, the book collection used in the task, and the proposed measures for the evaluation. Results of the evaluation will be presented at the ICDAR 2009 conference and will be published in the INEX 2009 proceedings.

An analysis of publications related to high energy physics computing in refereed journals is presented. The distribution of papers associated to various fields of computing relevant to high energy physics is critically analyzed. The relative publication rate of software papers is evaluated in comparison to other closely related physics disciplines, such as nuclear physics, radiation protection and medical physics, and to hardware publications. The results hint to the fact that, in spite of the significant effort invested in high energy physics computing and its fundamental role in the experiments, this research area is underrepresented in scientific literature; nevertheless the analysis of citations highlights the significant impact of software publications in experimental research.

This paper presents a Web-based collaboration framework designed for sustaining laboratory-oriented activities carried out within academic communities of practice. This framework relies on a Web-based collaboration environment designed as an electronic notebook; such journaling resources being commonly used in laboratory activities for collecting data and thoughts, keeping analyses and notes, as well as sharing information and results. Many electronic notebook systems exist. They are however mostly domain-oriented, such as the ejournal environment developed at the Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL) to support collaborative experimentation in engineering education or the Collaboratories supporting experimental research in specific natural science areas. The new version of the ejournal introduced in this paper, namely the CoPs ejournal, aims at overcoming this limitation by focusing more on the context and the community. The CoPs ejournal has been developed jointly by the EPFL and the HE-Arc Ingenierie (School of engineering, University of Applied Sciences, Western Switzerland). The original environment has been designed to sustain collaboration in domains characterized by predefined roles (guests, students, assistants, and educators), predefined types of shared assets (measurement data, equipment settings, experimentation protocols or analysis scripts) and predefined privileges and services. The CoPs ejournal is designed to let the users adapt features, structures and rules according to the tacit and evolving interaction schemes driving their community. This is achieved through the definition of a community protocol. The CoPs ejournal has been entirely developed as a collection of Web services using the .NET Framework. It is currently refined and validated for sustaining laboratory-oriented activities within two academic contexts: engineering education and joint research using scientific laboratory resources.

Proceeding of: IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC-2002), 6-9 Oct. 2002, Hammamet, Tunez Due the growing interest in the field of intelligent agents and multi-agent systems researchers have developed different toolkits. The aim of those toolkits, or frameworks, is to help the designers and engineers to build complex systems based on the agent concept. This paper presents a brief description of some of those frameworks: ZEUS, Jade and SkeletonAgent. These frameworks use their own agent architecture and other facilities like visual programming toolkits, documentation or reusable software libraries to facilitate the definition and development of multi-agent systems. The main aim of this paper is to compare the different frameworks in a common domain: to search news in several electronic newspapers. Because every one of those multi-agent toolkits use different features to build the whole multi-agent system, the behavior of any of those systems is expected to be different. The empirical evaluation measures the request time and the number of retrieved documents for the different systems. Finally, the paper discusses the conclusions for the previous experiments. Publicado

Electronic publishing is confronted with a multitude of demands and hopes, expressed by users and by institutions. One of the key issues concerns long term availability of digital information. In addition, research findings indicate that users would like to place more detailed full text information retrieval requests. Due to differing interests, some users focus their attention on figure captions, others in tables or bibliographies, etc. Furthermore, there is a wish to deliver publications on many platforms, which asks for suitable mechanisms of combining information with different sets of output specifications. In all these three cases, the capabilities of today's desktop editors fall short. Yet they are among the most frequently used tools to produce scientific publications. It is claimed that the answer would lie in the use of structure oriented editors and descriptive, platform independent markup. But the move is not a trivial one. One of the first big challenges is the author himself. To what extent is he willing to modify his working habits? Does he accept the possibility of letting someone else define the layout of his work? Another major issue is the publication process. The nature of changes in work flow are as much organizational as they are technical. The paper describes some of the lessons learned in HUTpubl, a project conducted by the Helsinki University of Technology (HUT) Library. The goal of the project is to establish an SGML based (Standard Generalized Markup Language) publishing model for HUT scientific publication series. The paper elaborates on findings in other related projects and research activities.

What will emerge as the dominant design(s) of the "information package" of the future? How do we resolve major obstacles to the creation and utilization of electronic documents? What concepts, terms, and design principles need to be defined to discuss these questions meaningfully and to start answering them? What do these new concepts, terms and design principles mean in editorial and publishing practice? Drawing on the experience of developing: Living Reviews in Relativity, an innovative online journal for physics, the paper discusses these latter questions. The paper highlights some of the information needs which Living Reviews fills and explains how the principles guiding its design attempt to meet those needs. These design principles are "synergy", "adaptability", and "utilizability" of information. In addition, the paper discusses a basic assumption that, rather than having readers, Living Reviews has users for whom we are providing a research tool. Combining that perspective with the fact that we are offering (literature/research) review articles, and with the fact that we are working in an electronic environment which allows multiple forms of indexing and presentation, we have decided to treat our reference information as highly significant. The paper discusses how we treat this information as significant, and the impact we expect this treatment to have.

Taxonomy exists in many practical scenarios. A reasonable taxonomy plays a vital role in multiple tasks such as natural language processing and information retrieval. There are already a large number of manually edited taxonomy, such as Wikipedia. However, in some specific domains, the cost of obtaining the latest taxonomy manually is relatively high. Therefore, the automatic construction of a taxonomy has become a problem to be solved. In this paper, we construct a taxonomy for terms in a specific domain, and use it in actual scenarios. Based on the model proposed above, we design a large number of experiments to construct a taxonomy. Specifically, we use the CORD-19 dataset containing coronavirus research literatures to conduct experiments. The experiment shows that the taxonomy obtained by using frequency statistics and social network analysis methods has the characteristic of more concentrated semantics of concept nodes.

In recent years, e-books have proven to be a very appealing alternative to physical books; nowadays, almost every written book is published in an electronic format next to its physical copy. In an attempt to promote consensus and to offer an alternative to emerging proprietary e-book formats, the Open eBook format was introduced, now known as the EPUB format. Building on existing web functionalities, this open format relies primarily on XHTML and CSS to construct e-books. As such, browser engines are often employed to render the contents of EPUBs. However, this implies that reading systems may face similar vulnerabilities as web browsers.In this paper, we report on a semi-automated evaluation of the security and privacy aspects of EPUB reading systems. This evaluation, which was performed on 97 EPUB reading systems covering seven platforms and five physical reading devices, revealed that almost none of the JavaScript-supporting reading systems sufficiently adhere to the EPUB specification’s security recommendations. Furthermore, our results indicate that 16 reading systems even allow an EPUB to leak information about the user’s file system, and in eight cases extract file contents. In addition to the semi-automated evaluation, we demonstrate that an attacker can launch even more potent attacks that may lead to a full compromise of a user’s system, by exploiting aspects specific to the implementation of reading systems used by millions of users. Finally, we investigate the root cause of the identified security and privacy issues, uncovering several flaws in both the implementation of EPUB reading system, as well as shortcomings of the EPUB specification.

This full paper presents an experience report describing lessons learnt from innovative practice use of technologies in an undergraduate computing capstone course. At our school, around fifty-five teams comprising of around 300 students take this course every year. With fifty-five teams, we needed a system to schedule presentations; improve communications; collaborate between stakeholders; share knowledge; monitor progress; team up students; match students to projects; improve grading process; showcase posters; and track improvements using analytics. The Learning Management Systems (LMS) is great to manage course content and grade submission. On the other hand, students are required to conduct agile sprint reviews with university internal and external stakeholders. The LMS forum requires external stakeholders to be registered and adhere to the university terms of use. Instead of using the LMS forum, we used a wiki. Wiki is a flexible platform used by various stakeholders to collaborate and contribute, we used it as a delivery platform for assessment as well. However, wiki lacks finer user access control and complex workflow features. In our capstone course we need workflows to schedule milestone presentations based on stakeholder’s changing availabilities; to match students to teams using a content-based recommendation system; and to showcase project posters. We build custom systems to meet these workflow needs by proposing them as capstone course projects for our students. We share the lessons learnt from building custom systems. By sharing our experience, we hope to support more teachers willing to innovate in their use of technology in teaching.

This paper proposes an interactive e-book which multi-viewpoint images and text are linked, to let user easily understand the contents such as catalogue or textbook which are composed of images and explanation. By displaying bullet-time video, it makes possible to enhance the visual information of book because it can present 3D information difficult to express in the 2D image, and the user will be able to freely determine the observation viewpoint. Two functions are designed to link the specific keywords of text and viewpoint of bullet-time video. These interactive functions can lead users to read the contents smoothly and quickly.

Over the decades, the Open Access movement has evolved with the support by academic communities. Following this movement, Kyoto University adopted the Kyoto University Open Access policy in 2015 and has launched the Open Access promotion project in 2016. The project aims to promote open access to scholarly articles as well as open access to rare materials (e.g., manuscripts). In this paper, we summarize our systems to advance open access, focusing on our institutional repository for scholarly articles as well as our digital archive system for rare materials., 2018 7th International Congress on Advanced Applied Informatics (IIAI-AAI), 8-13 July 2018, Yonago, Tottori, Japan.

International audience; Interactions between countries originate from diverse aspects such as geographic proximity, trade, socio-cultural habits, language, religions, etc. Geopolitics studies the influence of a country's geographic space on its political power and its relationships with other countries. This work reveals the potential of Wikipedia mining for geopolitical study. Actually, Wikipedia offers solid knowledge and strong correlations among countries by linking web pages together for different types of information (e.g. economical, historical, political, and many others). The major finding of this paper is to show that meaningful results on the influence of country ties can be extracted from the hyperlinked structure of Wikipedia. We leverage a novel stochastic matrix representation of Markov chains of complex directed networks called the reduced Google matrix theory. For a selected small size set of nodes, the reduced Google matrix concentrates direct and indirect links of the million-node sized Wikipedia network into a small Perron-Frobenius matrix that preserves the PageRank probabilities of the global Wikipedia network. We perform a novel sensitivity analysis that leverages this reduced Google matrix to characterize the influence of relationships between countries from the global network. We apply this analysis to the set of 27 European Union countries. We show that with our sensitivity analysis we can exhibit easily very meaningful information on geopolitics from five different Wikipedia editions (English, Arabic, Russian, French and German).

Manually managing collaboration becomes a problem in distributed software engineering environments. Individual engineers easily loose track of who to involve and when. The result is lack of communication, alternatively communication overload, leading to errors and rework. This paper presents a Domain-Specific Language (DSL) for scripting of collaboration structures and their evolution. We demonstrate the DSL's benefits and expressiveness for setting up an iteration planning meeting in an agile development setting.

Teaching analytics have been studied for many years with the aim of analyzing and improving the teaching process. To discover and amass teaching knowledge efficiently, we must extract the various teaching activities from educational data. However, data cannot be collected in face-to-face classes as efficiently as through online learning. In this paper, through the use of e-book logs, we describe a method of efficiently collecting and analyzing educational data. Moreover, we describe a novel approach to practicing teaching analytics in face-to-face classes; one which enable us to extract the teaching activity efficiently and accurately.

Una forma de mejorar la calidad en las organizaciones es mejorar sus procesos, por lo que mantener el conocimiento de estos procesos (activos) es vital para cualquier organización. Un modo de organizar estos activos es a través de la biblioteca de activos de proceso (Process Asset Lybrary, PAL), aunque para la creación de PAL efectivas surgen una serie de problemas. Se presenta una nueva aproximación práctica, y un breve caso de estudio centrado en la gestión de la capacidad de servicios de TI, Improving the quality in organizations is carried out through improving their processes. So, it is of vital importance to maintain the knowledge of these processes (assets). One way of doing it is using a process asset library (PAL), although there are some problems when defining effective PALs. In this paper, a new practical approach and a brief case study (focused on IT capacity management) are presented

User generated contents service is a social service because users not only enjoy contents but also provide feedback on content by commenting, tagging and book marking. The authors are interested in social service ranking and categorization methods for online novels. Many readers comment and bookmark there favorite novels in online novel services. Comments and book marking are facilitated by readers, and it is possible to use the data as a resource for social ranking and recommendation. In this paper, we focused on an online novel service, and analyzed the frequency of keywords, number of authors, and links from readers to novels. Although the bipartite graph between readers and novels fulfills growth and preferential attachment conditions of scale-free network, distribution of links does not follow power law. The basic idea of social ranking using extracted book marked novels and favorite authors is also explored.

Scientific data represents a significant portion of the linked open data cloud and scientists stand to benefit from the data fusion capability this will afford. Publishing linked data into the cloud, however, does not ensure the required reusability. Publishing has requirements of provenance, quality, credit, attribution and methods to provide the reproducibility that enables validation of results. In this paper we make the case for a scientific data publication model on top of linked data and introduce the notion of Research Objects as first class citizens for sharing and publishing. Highlights? We identify and characterise different aspects of reuse and reproducibility. ? We examine requirements for such reuse. ? We propose a scientific data publication model that layers on top of linked data publishing.

© 2016 IEEE. Exploratory search is cumbersome with today's search engines, where a user aims to better understand complex concepts. Query expansions techniques have been widely used in exploratory search. However, query expansions often recommend queries that differ from the user's search intentions due to different contexts. Yet, many of users' needs could be addressed by asking people via popular Community Question Answering (CQA) services. In this paper, we investigate query expansion techniques for exploratory search using the resources of CQA to discover the user's search intentions. Specifically, we denote the explicit intuition as the subtopic that supports the user's exploratory task. We propose the method CqaQuExp to mine the subtopics, which mainly contains three subtask: Question retrieval, where we extract the questions and corresponding answers from CQA; subtopic mining, where we discover the subtopics based on the extracted information; Candidate concepts discovery, where we select the candidate concepts from the discovered subtopics for query expansion. Experimental results on real-world data from Yahoo! Answers demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.

New e-book readers and multifunctional mobile tablet devices are currently emerging, so bringing about a transition from printed to the electronic books. It is important to learn how usable these mobile devices are, by testing them on real users from various backgrounds. The paper presents a study which explores the perceived usability of two electronic reading devices, one dedicated reader and one multifunctional device. More specifically, the study employs eight tasks which users were required to complete within a specific time with two devices. Our results show that users functioned better on the multifunctional device in terms of performance measures, such as navigation, task difficulty and satisfaction.

The inclusion of interactive content has become commonplace in many reading applications for children. However, a growing body of research suggests that the inclusion of interactive content that is not tightly integrated into the narrative of the story may distract the attention of young children from the story's content and their understanding of the text and therefore requires careful consideration. This paper discusses the design of an interactive reading app for Omani children called Trees of Tales, which utilised a Mise en scene inspired game mechanic to facilitate playful and content related engagement with the e-book's narrative. We tested the reading app with 18 Omani children and their parents and compared it to printed storybooks and e-books with limited interactivity. Our study suggests that the Mise en scene approach in Trees of Tales enhanced the reading experiences of the children and motivated them to read more in the future.

Wikipedia articles see bursts of update activity whenever a topic is of more interest to the community or has somehow become controversial. Analyzing when and what changes are made can, thus, give us an idea of how the community feels about particular subjects. In this paper we present Pop Culture, a system that provides a visualization of Wikipedia's edits that allows us to reflect on how different subjects are perceived by people over time and, by comparing articles from different language wikipedias, find regional and cultural differences of interest and perception. A set of user studies shows that, indeed, users are able to use Pop Culture effectively and efficiently to find such trends and differences.

Internet has evolved and grown tremendously during the last years. We're living the rise of the “self-made” Web Services. On the one hand, this conception reduces the limitations for the creation of new Web Services capable of operating on top of the large Internet technological foundation, while on the other it has some drawbacks such as: slow creation process, long time-to-market, deep knowledge of many Internet Technologies, no standardization, no interoperability and no quality control. All the aforementioned characteristics lead to a strong fragmentation of technology and Web Services. The Future Internet initiative instantiation by European Commission in form of Private-Public Partnership (PPP) Program has the objective to populate Internet with common conceptual components (Generic Enablers or GE) to enable a faster and interoperable service creation. FI-WARE is the technological core foundation project of the PPP program that provides specifications and reference implementations of the most common generic enablers and deploys them on its test-bed for public and evaluation usage. The Publish/Subscribe and the Semantic Annotation GEs that the project has provided and installed in the FI-WARE test-bed are demonstrated in this paper.

The popularity of social media services has been innovating the way of information acquisition in modern society. Meanwhile, mass information is generated in every single day. To extract useful knowledge, much effort has been invested in analyzing social media contents, e.g., (emerging) topic discovery. With these findings, however, users may still find it hard to obtain knowledge of great interest in conformity with their preference. In this paper, we present a novel system which brings proper context to continuously incoming social media contents, such that mass information can be indexed, organized and analyzed around Wikipedia entities. Four data analytics tools are employed in the system. Three of them aim to enrich each Wikipedia entity by analyzing the relevant contents while the other one builds an information network among the most relevant Wikipedia entities. With our system, users can easily pinpoint valuable information and knowledge they are interested in, as well as navigate to other closely related entities through the information network for further exploration.

Online laboratories are currently widely used in several educational settings, including lectures, individual or small group assignments, inquiry activities, homework and even hands-on laboratories. Usually they are proposed by teachers as additional and complementary resources, not included into the curricular activities. Moreover, for many teachers it is not clear if they are synergic to the school's hands-on laboratories, if any, or if they represent an alternative to them. The aim of this paper is to discuss an experience of integration of online laboratories (most of all interactive simulations), eBooks, other online materials and traditional books to support teachers and students in all phases of teaching. This result is the output of the co-designed with teachers and students, considering the rule of the Italian national curricula for high schools.

Collaborative systems require access control to prevent unauthorised access and change. Access control has a number of issues, including administration and maintenance overheads. In this paper we argue that it is time to reconsider how access controls work, particularly with scientific and data related domains, and to this end we propose a new paradigm based on a user's demographics and behaviour, rather than simply their identity. In essence, it is both who you are and what you do that is important. We introduce Graft, our Generalised Recommendation Architecture that allows us to support a range of different recommendation models, and provide case studies to illustrate the usefulness of our architecture.

In this paper we explore the written dialog behavior of participants in anon line discussion for automatic identification of participants who pursue power within the discussion group. We employ various standard unsupervised machine learning approaches to make this prediction. Our approach relies on the identification of certain discourse structures and linguistic techniques used by participants in the discussion. We achive an F-measure of 69.5% using unsupervised methods.

This paper explores the automatic detection of sentences that are opinionated claims, in which the author expresses a belief. We use a machine learning based approach, investigating the impact of features such as sentiment and the output of a system that determines committed belief. We train and test our approach on social media, where people often try to convince others of the validity of their opinions. We experiment with two different types of data, drawn from Live Journal web logs and Wikipedia discussion forums. Our experiments show that sentiment analysis is more important in Live Journal, while committed belief is more helpful for Wikipedia. In both corpora, n-grams and part-of-speech features also account for significantly better accuracy. We discuss the ramifications behind these differences.

Researchers in digital humanities have for many years been producing online editions of texts based on TEI XML, a widely-adopted standard for marking up textual resources with semantic content. However, this has led to a certain isolation of information, the so-called ‘digital silo’, and such modes of digital publication have not always made best use of the possibilities of digital technologies. The model is also challenged by the need to model texts that are by their very nature interconnected. The paper describes a collaborative environment of tools and techniques for working with texts that allows scholars to work with such highly-interconnected material.

CARARE is a best practice network funded by the EU ICT Policy Support Programme. It is aimed at establishing a best practice network of heritage agencies, archaeological organisations and research institutions to establish an aggregation service for Europeana for archaeological and architectural digital content, including images, texts and 3D objects. CARARE is particularly focused on recommendations for metadata schemas dedicated to archaeological and architectural heritage and on solutions for the publication of 3D and Virtual Reality content. This paper describes the recommendations which have been made by the project for publishing 3D objects online in easily accessible formats such as 3D PDF with the metadata necessary for discovery in Europeana. It is illustrated by the contribution of the Scuola Normale Superiore and its work in preparing 3D representations of Pompeii monuments for publication through Europeana.

Worker selection is a significant and challenging issue in crowdsourcing systems. Such selection is usually based on an assessment of the reputation of the individual workers participating in such systems. However, assessing the credibility and adequacy of such calculated reputation is a real challenge. In this paper, we propose a reputation management model which leverages the values of the tasks completed, the credibility of the evaluators of the results of the tasks and time of evaluation of the results of these tasks in order to calculate more dependable quality metrics for workers and evaluators. The model has been implemented and experimentally validated.

The Digital Talking Book (DTB) player is a device for the visually impaired to read, search, navigate and bookmark written material using DAISY and EPUB standards. This paper presents the design and implementation of a DTB player in an FPGA-based embedded system to play audio books containing MP3 (Daisy) files and utilize Text to Speech Synthesis (TTS) for text only books or EPUB books.

Most interesting, important, and pressing problems facing our societies in the 21st century transcend the individual human mind. They require social creativity to explore, frame, solve, and assess their solutions. To bring social creativity alive, cultures of participation need to be fostered and supported with socio-technical environments in which all stakeholders are able to express themselves, combine different perspectives, and generate new understandings. Social creativity and cultures of participation are facilitated by meta-design that allows stakeholders to act as designers, contributors, and decision makers in personally meaningful activities. This paper defines conceptual frameworks and briefly describes different applications contexts in gaining a deeper understanding of the challenges how to exploit the power of cultures of participation to enhance social creativity.

The increasing amount of personal and sensitive information disseminated over the Internet prompts commensurately growing privacy concerns. Digital data often lingers indefinitely and users lose its control. This motivates the desire to restrict content availability to an expiration time set by the data owner. This paper presents and formalizes the notion of Ephemeral Publishing (EphPub), to prevent the access to expired content. We propose an efficient and robust protocol that builds on the Domain Name System (DNS) and its caching mechanism. With EphPub, sensitive content is published encrypted and the key material is distributed, in a steganographic manner, to randomly selected and independent resolvers. The availability of content is then limited by the evanescence of DNS cache entries. The EphPub protocol is transparent to existing applications, and does not rely on trusted hardware, centralized servers, or user proactive actions. We analyze its robustness and show that it incurs a negligible overhead on the DNS infrastructure. We also perform a large-scale study of the caching behavior of 900K open DNS resolvers. Finally, we propose Firefox and Thunderbird extensions that provide ephemeral publishing capabilities, as well as a command-line tool to create ephemeral files., Comment: Proceedings of IEEE ICNP 2011

This paper presents HyBook, an ad-hoc tool which was designed and implemented with the objective of improving the workflow management, and to allow the possibility of automatically generating e-books regarding educational courses at the Instituto de Ciencias de la Educacion (ICE) of the Universidad de Zaragoza (UZ). So far, when the ICE of the UZ wanted to start a new educational initiative, the usual elaboration process of the informative resources was performed manually. Now, by using our application the ICE will be able to centralize the information collection process, and automatically create the two leaflets that the ICE publishes each year in a more simply and conveniently way.

Recent work [12] shows that conventional privacy preserving publishing techniques based on anonymity-groups are susceptible to corruption attacks. In a corruption attack, if the sensitive information of any anonymity-group member is uncovered, then the remaining group members are at risk. In this study, we abandon anonymity-groups and hide sensitive information through perturbation on the sensitive attribute. With each record being perturbed independently, corruption attacks cannot be effectively carried out. Previous anti-corruption work did not minimize information loss. This paper proposes to address this issue by allowing fine-grain privacy specification. We demonstrate the power of our approach through experiments on real medical and synthetic datasets.

The Geant4 reference paper published in Nuclear Instruments and Methods A in 2003 has become the most cited publication in the whole Nuclear Science and Technology category of Thomson-Reuter's Journal Citation Reports. It is currently the second most cited article among the publications authored by two major research institutes, CERN and INFN. An overview of Geant4 presence (and absence) in scholarly literature is presented; the patterns of Geant4 citations are quantitatively examined and discussed.

News production is characterized by complex and dynamic workflows in which it is important to produce and distribute news items as fast as possible. In this paper, we show how personalized distribution and consumption of news items can be enabled by automatically enriching news metadata with open linked datasets available on theWeb of data, thus providing a more pleasant experience to fastidious consumers where news content is presented within a broader historical context. Further we present a faceted browser that provides a convenient way for exploring news items based on an ontology of NewsML-G2 and rich semantic metadata.

Since its establishment in 2001, Wikipedia, "the free encyclopedia that anyone can edit" has become a cultural icon of the unlimited possibilities of the World Wide Web. Thus, it has become a serious subject of scholarly study to objectively and rigorously understand it as a phenomenon. This paper reviews studies of Wikipedia that have been published in peer-reviewed journals. Among the wealth of studies reviewed, major sub-streams of research covered include: how and why Wikipedia works; assessments of the reliability of its content; using it as a data source for various studies; and applications of Wikipedia in different domains of endeavour.

Wikipedia, one of the top ten most visited websites, is commonly viewed as the largest online reference for encyclopedic knowledge. Because of its open editing model -allowing anyone to enter and edit content- Wikipedia's overall quality has often been questioned as a source of reliable information. Lack of study of the open editing model of Wikipedia and its effectiveness has resulted in a new generation of wikis that restrict contributions to registered users only, using their real names. In this paper, we present an empirical study of user contributions to Wikipedia. We statistically analyze contributions by both anonymous and registered users. The results show that submissions of anonymous and registered users in Wikipedia suggest a power law behavior. About 80% of the revisions are submitted by less than 7% of the users, most of whom are registered users. To further refine the analyzes, we use the Wiki Trust Model (WTM), a user reputation model developed in our previous work to assign a reputation value to each user. As expected, the results show that registered users contribute higher quality content and therefore are assigned higher reputation values. However, a significant number of anonymous users also contribute high-quality content.We provide further evidence that regardless of a user s' attribution, registered or anonymous, high reputation users are the dominant contributors that actively edit Wikipedia articles in order to remove vandalism or poor quality content.

When multiple users with diverse backgrounds and beliefs edit Wikipedia together, disputes often arise due to disagreements among the users. In this paper, we introduce a novel visualization tool known as WikiNetViz to visualize and analyze disputes among users in a dispute-induced social network. WikiNetViz is designed to quantify the degree of dispute between a pair of users using the article history. Each user (and article) is also assigned a controversy score by our proposed controversy rank model so as to measure the degree of controversy of a user (and an article) by the amount of disputes between the user (article) and other users in articles of varying degrees of controversy. On the constructed social network, WikiNetViz can perform clustering so as to visualize the dynamics of disputes at the user group level. It also provides an article viewer for examining an article revision so as to determine the article content modified by different users.

The rapid growth of Web communities has motivated many solutions for building community data portals. These solutions follow roughly two approaches. The first approach (e.g., Libra, Citeseer, Cimple) employs semi-automatic methods to extract and integrate data from a multitude of data sources. The second approach (e.g., Wikipedia, Intellipedia) deploys an initial portal in wiki format, then invites community members to revise and add material. In this paper we consider combining the above two approaches to building community portals. The new hybrid machine-human approach brings significant benefits. It can achieve broader and deeper coverage, provide more incentives for users to contribute, and keep the portal more up-to-date with less user effort. In a sense, it enables building "community wikipedias", backed by an underlying structured database that is continuously updated using automatic techniques. We outline our ideas for the new approach, describe its challenges and opportunities, and provide initial solutions. Finally, we describe a real-world implementation and preliminary experiments that demonstrate the utility of the new approach.

Continuing strides in processing, storage, sensing, and networking technologies are enabling people to capture their activities and experiences as greater volumes of ever-richer media. A big emerging challenge today is the organization, retrieval, and exploitation of such multimedia data surrounding the activities of individuals or enterprises. The field of multimedia electronic chronicles deals with the unified contextual organization, presentation, and analysis of temporal streams of multimedia data captured by individuals, groups, or organizations. The value of electronic chronicles is in converting activity and experience from the past into actionable intelligence in the present. Such multimedia electronic chronicles, with their associated techniques for search and navigation, analysis and reasoning, and prediction and alerting, will have enormous impact on various spheres of life spanning enhancement of personal life, business productivity, entertainment, and government operations. This paper, which serves as a companion to a keynote talk by the first author at ICME 2005, explains the notion of electronic chronicles and outlines the research challenges in this area

Publish/Subscribe (pub/sub) is an important paradigm for distributed content delivery. Traditionally, there have been two approaches to supporting pub/sub service: subject-based and content-based. Content-based pub/sub allows fine-grained expressiveness, and thus is a more attractive solution for content dissemination. However, the performance of a content-based pub/sub network is bounded by the expensive matching cost of content messages. In this paper, we propose a hybrid approach capable of minimizing both the matching and forwarding overhead within the pub/sub network and the delay experienced by clients receiving the content. The hybrid approach aims to eliminate redundant matching and forwarding inside the pub/sub network. In particular, it identifies a number of virtual groups by exploring common subscription interests among clients, and messages for each virtual group are only matched once at the group entry point. In addition, for each virtual group, the content delivery tree embedded in the underlying pub/sub network can benefit from shortcutting forwarding-only paths. Simulations have shown that the hybrid approach is highly effective in improving the service efficiency and quality of a content-based pub/sub system