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This paper focuses on the detection, from a stack of repeated-pass interferometric synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images, of such changes causing a target to completely lose the correlation between one epoch and another. This can be the consequence of human activities, such as construction, destruction, and agricultural activities, and also be the consequence of hazards, such as earthquake, landslides, or flooding, to buildings or terrains. The millimetric sensitivity of SAR makes it valuable for detecting such changes. This paper approaches two coherent change detection methods: a space coherent, time incoherent one and a full space and time coherent one, both based on the generalized likelihood ratiob (LR) test. A preliminary validation of the method is provided by processing two Sentinel-1 data stacks of 2016 Central Italy earthquake and by comparing the results with the map of damaged buildings in Amatrice and Accumoli made by Copernicus Emergency Management Service. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes a number of strategies that are devoted to improving the generalization capabilities of neural- network-based soft sensors when only small data sets are available. The aim of this paper is to search for a strategy that is able to cope with the problem of scarcity of experimental data, which often arises in industrial applications. The strategies that are considered are based on the manipulation of experimental training data sets to increase their diversity either by injecting noise into the available data or by using the bootstrap resampling approach. A new method, which is based on an aggregation of neural models, trained on different training data sets, which are obtained by noise injection and bootstrap resampling, is proposed in this paper. The methods considered were compared in an industrial case study regarding the design of a backup soft sensor for a thermal cracking unit, working in a refinery in Sicily, Italy. The results of the case study show that all the methods considered produced an improvement in the estimation capability of the models. The best performance was obtained by using the method proposed by the authors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we describe the work done in order to run the CT 3-D reconstruction algorithm on the 120 GB raw data from the more than 25\thinspace000 radiographs acquired from the Kongo Rikishi (XIII century) Japanese wooden statue. The work was done using the Microsoft (Redmond) HPC cluster and then on a local cluster at the INFN of Bologna. A speed-up factor of 75 was reached. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

We report on the latest results from the development of 3-D silicon radiation detectors at Fondazione Bruno Kessler of Trento (FBK), Italy (formerly ITC-IRST). Building on the results obtained from previous devices (3-D Single-Type-Column), a new detector concept has been defined, namely 3-D-DDTC (Double- sided Double-Type Column), which involves columnar electrodes of both doping types, etched from alternate wafer sides, stopping a short distance (d) from the opposite surface. Simulations prove that, if d is kept small with respect to the wafer thickness, this approach can yield charge collection properties comparable to those of standard 3-D detectors, with the advantage of a simpler fabrication process. Two wafer layouts have been designed with reference to this technology, and two fabrication runs have been performed. Technological and design aspects are reported in this paper, along with simulation results and initial results from the characterization of detectors and test structures belonging to the first 3-D-DDTC batch. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of NE102A-BaF2 phoswich detector drastically improves the particle identification with respect to BaF2 crystals. To better exploit the possibility of light ion discrimination we have applied digital signal processing to the signals, on-beam collected with NE102A-BaF2 phoswich. We present the results obtained for the heavy ion charge identification (up to Z = 50) and light particle mass identification, using digital pulse shape acquisition and a 12-bit, 2 GSample/s sampling analog to digital converter. The results concerning the response of BaF2 -plastic phoswich to the reaction products issued at forward angles in the collision of 35.1 MeV/u 124Sn beam on 64Ni target have been obtained at the Superconducting Cyclotron of the Laboratori Nazionali del Sud in Catania. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A high performance detector head with matrices of silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) as photodetectors is under development at the University of Pisa and INFN Pisa. The silicon photomultipliers fabricated at FBK-irst (Trento, Italy) are being evaluated for this purpose. Single SiPM detectors of 1 mm × 1 mm size and the first SiPM test matrices composed of four (2 × 2) pixel elements in a common substrate have been tested with LYSO crystals. The energy and timing resolution of single SiPMs have been evaluated, obtaining an energy resolution of 20% FWHM at 511 keV, and a coincidence timing resolution of 1.4 ns FWHM. In addition, the first tests performed with the SiPM matrices prove the feasibility of such devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]