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Convergence of ultrasonic energy is of great importance in the medical and engineering fields. In this work, ultrasonic focusing based on circular Airy-like beam (CALB) is numerically and experimentally demonstrated. The CALB focusing can be achieved simply using a planar resin ring lens immersed in water. At 2 MHz, the acoustic intensity at the focus can reach 257 times that for the incident wave. Arising from the self-healing feature of Airy beams, the CALB focusing can be well maintained even if there exists an obstacle in the acoustic path. Meanwhile, the focusing behaviour is well performed in a broad frequency range of 1.5 MHz to 3.1 MHz due to the simple and non-resonant design. By adjusting the frequency of the incident waves, the focal length can be modified without changing the lens structure. The CALB focusing and the corresponding planar lens may promote wide applications in ultrasound imaging, non-destructive testing, acoustic tweezing and medical diagnostic techniques.

Due to its unique advantages of small size, high power density, and high efficiency, high-speed asynchronous motor (HSAM) has been widely used in aerospace, high-speed air compressor, and other advanced manufacturing equipment. Based on a developed finite element model validated by a prototype motor testing platform, the influence of stators made of different magnetic materials on the efficiency of the HSAM with a rated speed of 7500 rpm has been systematically investigated. Hereinto, the magnetic materials are silicon steel, Fe-based amorphous alloy, and SMC. Compared with silicon steel, the iron loss of HSAM can be significantly reduced by 91.1% using the stator made of Fe-based amorphous alloy in the frequency range of 0-800 Hz, while the SMC motor exhibits an advantage in lower loss when the frequency over 157.28Hz.

Objective. Acellular nerve allograft (ANA) is an effective surgical approach used to bridge the sciatic nerve gap. The molecular regulators of post-surgical recovery are not well-known. Here, we explored the effect of transgenic Schwann cells (SCs) overexpressing POU domain class 6, transcription factor 1 (POU6F1) on sciatic nerve regeneration within ANAs. We explored the functions of POU6F1 in nerve regeneration by using a cell model of H2O2-induced SCs injury and transplanting SCs overexpressing POU6F1 into ANA to repair sciatic nerve gaps. Approach. Using RNA-seq, Protein–Protein Interaction network analysis, gene ontology enrichment, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis, we identified a highly and differentially expressed transcription factor, POU6F1, following ANA treatment of sciatic nerve gap. Expressing a high degree of connectivity, POU6F1 was predicted to play a role in peripheral nervous system myelination. Main results. To test the role of POU6F1 in nerve regeneration after ANA, we infected SCs with adeno-associated virus—POU6F1, demonstrating that POU6F1 overexpression promotes proliferation, anti-apoptosis, and migration of SCs in vitro. We also found that POU6F1 significantly upregulated JNK1/2 and c-Jun phosphorylation and that selective JNK1/2 inhibition attenuated the effects of POU6F1 on proliferation, survival, migration, and JNK1/2 and c-Jun phosphorylation. The direct interaction of POU6F1 and activated JNK1/2 was subsequently confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation. In rat sciatic nerve injury model with a 10 mm gap, we confirmed the pattern of POU6F1 upregulation and co-localization with transplanted SCs. ANAs loaded with POU6F1-overexpressing SCs demonstrated the enhanced survival of transplanted SCs, axonal regeneration, myelination, and functional motor recovery compared to the ANA group loaded by SCs-only in line with in vitro findings. Significance. This study identifies POU6F1 as a novel regulator of post-injury sciatic nerve repair, acting through JNK/c-Jun signaling in SCs to optimize therapeutic outcomes in the ANA surgical approach.

Broadband absorption of low-frequency sound waves via a deep subwavelength structure is of great and ongoing interest in research and engineering. Here, we numerically and experimentally present a design of a broadband low-frequency absorber based on an acoustic metaporous composite (AMC). The AMC absorber is constructed by embedding a single metamaterial resonator into a porous layer. The finite element simulations show that a high absorption (absorptance A > 0.8) can be achieved within a broad frequency range (from 290 Hz to 1074 Hz), while the thickness of AMC is 1/13 of the corresponding wavelength at 290 Hz. The broadband and high-efficiency performances of the absorber are attributed to the coupling between the two resonant absorptions and the trapped mode. The numerical simulations and experimental results are obtained to be in good agreement with each other. Moreover, the high broadband absorption can be maintained under random incident acoustic waves. The proposed absorber provides potential applications in low-frequency noise reduction especially when limited space is demanded.

We explore the exceptional point (EP) induced phase transition and amplitude/phase modulation in thermal diffusion systems. We start from the asymmetric coupling double-channel model, where the temperature field is unbalanced in the amplitude and locked in the symmetric phase. By extending into the one-dimensional tight-binding non-Hermitian lattice, we study the convection-driven phase locking and the asymmetric-couplinginduced diffusive skin effect with the high-order EPs in static systems. Combining convection and asymmetric couplings, we further show the phase-locking diffusive skin effect. Our work reveals the mechanism of controlling both the amplitude and phase of temperature fields in thermal coupling systems and has potential applications in non-Hermitian topology in thermal diffusion.

With its commercialization, the second-generation (2G) high temperature superconducting (HTS) RE–Ba–Cu–O (REBCO, RE is rare earth) tape is extensively applied to the superconducting magnets in the high magnetic fields. However, unlike low temperature superconducting (LTS) magnets, the HTS magnet cannot operate in the persistent current mode (PCM) due to the immature superconducting soldering technique. In this paper, an exciting method for two HTS sub-loops, so-called charging and load loops, is proposed by flux pump consisting of exciting coil and controllable thermal switch. Two HTS sub-loops are made of an REBCO tape with two slits. An exciting coil with iron core is located in one sub-loop and is supplied with a triangular waveform current so that magnetic field is generated in another sub-loop. The influence of magnetic flux on induced current in load loop is presented and verified in experiment at 77 K. The relationship between the induced magnetic flux density and the current on the sub-loops having been calibrated, magnetic flux density, and induced current are obtained. The results show that the HTS sub-loops can be excited by a coil with thermal switch and the induced current increases with magnetic flux of exciting coil increasing, which is promising for persistent current operation mode of HTS magnets.

Vibration-based damage detection using the 2D modal curvature has become a research focus. However, the traditional methods based on modal curvature lack the sensitivity to direction of the damage. To address this problem, a directional 2D Morlet wavelet modal curvature is proposed in this paper. The directional wavelet modal curvatures show the following merits: robust to noise interference and sensitive to direction of damage. By the numerical simulation, the efficiency of the proposed method is demonstrated in the plate-like structure.

Atomically two-dimensional materials with direct band gap and high carrier mobility are highly desirable due to their promising applications in electronic devices. Here, on the basis of ab initio calculations and global particle-swarm optimization method, we predict the B2S3 monolayer as a new semiconductor with favorable functional properties. The B2S3 monolayer possesses a high electron mobility of 553 cm2v-1s-1 and a direct band gap of 1.85 eV. The direct band-gap can be manipulated under biaxial strain. Furthermore, B2S3 monolayer can absorb sunlight efficiently in the entire range of the visible light spectrum. Besides，this monolayer holds good dynamical, thermal , and mechanical stabilities. All the desired properties render B2S3 monolayer a promising candidate for future applications in high-speed (opto)electronic devices.

An effective regulation of the magnetism and interface of ferromagnetic materials is not only of great scientific significance, but also has an urgent need in modern industry. In this work, by using the first-principles calculations, we demonstrate an effective approach to achieve non-volatile electrical control of ferromagnets, which proves this idea in multiferroic heterostructures of ferromagnetic LaTiO3 and ferroelectric BiFeO3. The results show that the magnetic properties and two-dimensional electron gas concentrations of LaTiO3 films can be controlled by changing the polarization directions of BiFeO3. The destroyed symmetry being introduced by ferroelectric polarization of the system leads to the transfer and reconstruction of the Ti-3d electrons, which is the fundamental reason for the changing of magnetic properties. This multiferroic heterostructures will pave the way for non-volatile electrical control of ferromagnets and have potential applications.

The passive lossless acoustic metasurfaces (AMs) usually use nonlocal behaviors to realize high-efficiency acoustic field manipulation. However, nonlocal behaviors always need complicated unit-cell designs or structure optimizations. In this work, a simple passive lossless AM without nonlocal responses is proposed to perfectly manipulate multi-order diffraction beams. We demonstrate theoretically that the proposed AM can efficiently split an incident acoustic wave into desired reflected directions with arbitrary power flow ratio. Then two examples of two-beam and three-beam lossless AM splitters are constructed with well-designed rigidly ended tubes. Simulation results verify that nearly 100% reflection efficiency can be achieved in the two AM splitters and the power flow distributions are in accord with the designed values. Finally, we fabricate the two-beam AM splitter and confirm experimentally that it can achieve high-efficiency reflection splitting with arbitrary power distribution. Our proposed AM may contribute to designing devices for different applications in energy harvesting and communication.

To explore the potential targets and mechanism of Strychni Semen in the nervous system through network pharmacology and molecular docking, in this study, TCMSP, PubChem, and Swiss Target Prediction databases were used to screen the active ingredients and targets of Strychni Semen; related targets of the nervous system were screen out through GeneCards and OMIM databases; the common targets of the two were input into the STRING online analysis platform to construct potential protein interactions (PPI) network. The Cytoscape 3.7.2 software was used to construct a “component-target” network diagram; then the Metascape platform was used to perform GO and KEGG enrichment analysis on its core targets; and the core target was verified by molecular docking with the active ingredient of Strychni semen. In the results, the screening in Strychni Semen with OB ≥ 30% and DL ≥ 0.18% as the threshold values obtained a total of 15 active ingredients and corresponding 384 potential targets; searched for diseases with “neurological” as keywords, 34769 related targets were mapped to potential drug targets, and 61 common targets were obtained; 74 nodes and 173 edges were read in the “component-target” network diagram; enriched in GO and KEGG A total of 11 signal pathways with significant differences were obtained in the analysis; molecular docking showed that the compounds in Strychni Semen have high binding energy to key proteins of the nervous system. In conclusion, the study initially explored the potential mechanism of Strychni Semen’s multi-pathway and multi-target action on the nervous system, providing scientific basis for the clinical application and in-depth research of the decoction piece.

Parity-time (PT) symmetry/anti-parity-time (APT) symmetry in non-Hermitian systems reveal profound physics and spawn intriguing effects. Recently, it has been introduced into diffusive systems together with the concept of exceptional points (EPs) from quantum mechanics and the wave systems. With the aid of convection, we can generate complex thermal conductivity and imitate various wavelike dynamics in heat transfer, where heat flow can be “stopped” or moving against the background motion. Non-Hermitian diffusive systems offer us a new platform to investigate the heat wave manipulation. In this review, we first introduce the construction of APT symmetry in a simple double-channel toy model. Then we show the phase transition around the EP. Finally, we extend the double-channel model to the four-channel one for showing the high-order EP and the associated phase transition. In a general conclusion, the phase difference of adjacent channels is always static in the APT symmetric phase, while it dynamically evolves or oscillates when the APT symmetry is broken.

A robust continuous power allocation strategy for secondary users (SUs) with imperfect channel state information (CSI) in the cognitive radio networks is proposed. Modeling the error of CSI by normbounded distribution, we address the optimization of the transmit power allocation at SU under the constraints of average transmit power at SU and average interference power at the primary user. Simulation results show that the proposed robust rools can improve the system performance of the SU.

Tailing acidification is a common objective phenomenon in sulfide mine tailings. In sulfide mines, the tailings sand particles are fine. With the accumulation of accumulation time, the sulfide minerals contained in the tailings will be oxidized to generate sulfate and sulfuric acid under the catalysis of oxidizing bacteria, water, oxygen and oxidant (such as Fe3+), and the acidic waste liquid will further undergo double decomposition reaction with metal oxides in the tailings to generate insoluble precipitates, which will weaken the shear strength of the tailings. It affects the stability of tailings. The author studies the stability of ore bodies after tailings acidification by laboratory experiments. It is found that tailings acidification will change the structural characteristics of soil and affect the shear strength of tailings soil itself.

At present, the development of microseismic monitoring system based on electronic sensors is restricted by the problems of power supply, electromagnetic interference and etc. How to select effective microseismic events from the massive and uninterrupted raw data is also a huge problem. In this paper, the DFB laser is used to demodulate the external vibration signal detected by the FBG sensor. The first arrival time of the P wave and the end point of the signal are picked up by using the improved STA/LTA algorithm. The method of calculating the optimal time window width is established by using the characteristics of periodic vibration wave. The criterion of the effective signal is established by using the maximum energy ratio of the effective signal. The resolution of this demodulation method is 0.01 pm. The criterion of effective signal discrimination can be used to accurately determine whether a channel event belongs to an effective signal or a noise signal. The microseismic monitoring system based on optical fiber sensor meets the needs of monitoring in a harsh mine environment, and the effective event discrimination criterion based on signal deviation is feasible.

We propose a design of tunable double-band perfect absorbers based on the resonance absorption in acoustic metasurfaces with nesting helical tracks and deep-subwavelength thicknesses (<λ/30 with λ being the operation wavelength). By rotating the cover cap with an open aperture on the nesting helical tracks, we can tailor the effective lengths of resonant tubular cavities in the absorber at will, while the absorption peak frequency is flexibly shifted in spectrum and the acoustic impedance is roughly matched with air. The simulated particle velocity fields at different configurations reveal that sound absorption mainly occurs at the open aperture. Our experiment measurements agree well with the theoretical analysis and simulation, demonstrating the wide-spectrum and tunable absorption performance of the designed flat acoustic device.

Acoustic needle focusing, which features elongated depth of focusing and narrow lateral size, is of great importance in applications requiring acoustic convergence in a large region, such as acoustic fast imaging. Here, a method is proposed to design an acoustic metasurface lens (AML) composed of space-coiling subunits for shaping a needle focusing. By manipulating the transmitted phase delay, the designed AML can generate two symmetrical parabolic accelerating beams along the designed convex trajectories, finally forming the acoustic needle focusing. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the focal intensity can reach roughly 17 times that of the incident wave while keeping the depth of focusing 18.2 times the wavelength. The working bandwidth of the highly efficient needle focusing is from 3.042 to 3.842 kHz. In addition, the focal intensity, depth and position of needle focusing can be freely modulated by simply changing the incident direction or tailoring the trajectory of two accelerating beams. The proposed acoustic needle focusing may have potential applications in acoustic imaging, acoustic energy delivering and particles trapping and manipulation.

This paper discussed the contact characteristics and thermal stability of a-IGZO TFT with various kinds of buffer/Cu/buffer electrode structure. The work found that the a-IGZO TFTs with Cu electrode and Mo/Cu/Mo electrode show worse thermal stability than these with ITO/Cu/ITO electrode. The work speculates that the contact performance deterioration after post-anneal was due to Cu oxidation and an interface separation between Mo and Cu, respectively. The work used the G-function method to discuss the contact performance of a-IGZO TFTs with the different kinds of S/D electrodes. The a-IGZO TFT with an ITO/Cu/ITO electrode shows a smaller contact resistance than the other TFTs and had an ohmic contact between the a-IGZO and ITO. In terms of thermal stability and contact performance, ITO/Cu/ITO electrode is a better choice than Mo/Cu/Mo electrode.

In order to realize intelligent monitoring of main components of forage harvesting machine, an intelligent remote monitoring system based on CAN bus technology, Socket communication protocol based on Netty framework and cloud server was designed to solve the problem of low level of informatization of forage harvesting machine in China. system includes data acquisition system, data wireless transmission module and cloud data storage and analysis and processing system, realizing the data synchronization and sharing of working condition information of forage harvesting machine at local, cloud and mobile terminals. We developed the on-board terminal system based on Labview platform, and the web server based on SpringBoot framework. The parameters obtained by the sensor mainly include vehicle position information, engine speed and torque, shredding roller, grain crushing roller, cutting table, feeding, throwing, motor and other core components. Field experiments for 15 consecutive days show that: cloud server system with custom Socket communication protocol receives and stores terminal data in real time; The monitoring platform can realize the functions of data display and curve display of working condition information, data analysis and intelligent information reminder. By analyzing the data curve of the main components, the stability and reliability of the system are verified, which is of great significance to the informationization and intelligent development of the machinery and equipment of the forage harvesting machine.

The generation of acoustic acceleration beams is a research hotspot that has attracted increasing interest recently. In this article, we propose to generate controllable acoustic acceleration beams by using a flexible active surface with homogeneous phase and amplitude distributions. Thus, the active surface does not necessarily require very complex electronic control systems. Analytically, we show that the beam trajectories can be related to the shape of flexible active surfaces via the technique of inverse Legendre transformation. Consequently, we can directly create diffraction-suppressed acoustic beams along curve trajectories in space. We numerically and experimentally demonstrate that the acoustic beam projected from a bent active surface propagates along the predesigned path, which is in good agreement with theoretical prediction. We envision that the active soft acoustic surface may have versatile applications in the fields of medical treatment, particle manipulation and acoustic communication.

Objective. Our previous study demonstrated that the transcription factor, Krüppel-like Factor 7 (KLF7), stimulates axon regeneration following peripheral nerve injury. In the present study, we used a gene therapy approach to overexpress KLF7 in bone marrow-derived stem/stromal cells (BMSCs) as support cells, combined with acellular nerve allografts (ANAs) and determined the potential therapeutic efficacy of a KLF7-transfected BMSC nerve graft transplantation in a rodent model for sciatic nerve injury and repair. Approach. We efficiently transfected BMSCs with adeno-associated virus (AAV)-KLF7, which were then seeded in ANAs for bridging sciatic nerve defects. Main results. KLF7 overexpression promotes proliferation, survival, and Schwann-like cell differentiation of BMSCs in vitro. In vivo, KLF7 overexpression promotes transplanted BMSCs survival and myelinated fiber regeneration in regenerating ANAs; however, KLF7 did not improve Schwann-like cell differentiation of BMSCs within in the nerve grafts. KLF7-BMSCs significantly upregulated expression and secretion of neurotrophic factors by BMSCs, including nerve growth factor, ciliary neurotrophic factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor in regenerating ANA. KLF7-BMSCs also improved motor axon regeneration, and subsequent neuromuscular innervation and prevention of muscle atrophy. These benefits were associated with increased motor functional recovery of regenerating ANAs. Significance. Our findings suggest that KLF7-BMSCs promoted peripheral nerve axon regeneration and myelination, and ultimately, motor functional recovery. The mechanism of KLF7 action may be related to its ability to enhance transplanted BMSCs survival and secrete neurotrophic factors rather than Schwann-like cell differentiation. This study provides novel foundational data connecting the benefits of KLF7 in neural injury and repair to BMSC biology and function, and demonstrates a potential combination approach for the treatment of injured peripheral nerve via nerve graft transplant.

In the design of a specific omics study, sample size is an essential consideration that represents the balance among investigation ability, financial requirements and ethical issues. And it was reported critical to increase robustness and diagnostic accuracy. In this study, two metabolomics datasets were used to conduct analysis to understand the effects of sample size on omics study and strengthen the importance of it. Overlap and AUC were applied to measure the robustness and diagnostic accuracy respectively. The results showed the positive correlation between sample size and robustness, sample size and diagnostic accuracy. Moreover, the effects of sample size vary in datasets and indexes. So, for a specific dataset, sample size should be determined according to its purpose.

In this study, a Dirac cone is yielded at the corner of the Brillouin zone of a two-dimensional solid phononic crystal, which consists of a triangular array of hexagonal steel with a trilobal hole drilled in the center. With the rotation of the trilobal hole, the Dirac degeneracy switches between the deterministic form and accidental form. Every Dirac point is the critical state of a topological phase transition process, which occurs six times within an angular period of 120 ° . This structure offers a flexible way to achieve topological transitions and provides multiple routes to construct an interface that supports valley-dependent edge states between two topologically distinct PCs. The associated backscattering suppressed wave propagation along the multiple curved interface channels is also demonstrated. In addition, our design shows the robust propagation of topological interface states against the perturbation of the structure. This study could potentially be significant in the design of acoustic devices for practical applications, such as acoustic signal lossless transport and tunable multi-channel sound transmission.

A 3D acoustic metasurface carpet cloak (AMCC) based on groove structure units is proposed and investigated. The key idea behind this acoustic invisibility is the phase compensation via local phase modulation, and thus a cloak with a thickness of only of a half wavelength could be designed for objects with arbitrary geometric shapes and sizes. We first demonstrate the cloaking effect of hiding a conical object numerically, and find that the working bandwidth of the designed AMCC is from 6200–7500 Hz. Further experimental results are in good agreement with the numerical simulations, verifying that the AMCC works well for the normal incident wave and the small-angled incident waves. As another example, we also confirm that the proposed AMCC can hide a semispherical object. The present AMCC is thin, has a simple geometrical structure, and is easy to implement, which benefits future realistic applications.

The accurate band gap of 2.24 eV for hexagonal WO3 is obtained by adopting the revised Heyd-Scuseria-Ernzerhof screened hybrid functional. The large band gap is a result of the off-centered symmetry where the W atom forms two short and two long bonds with four neighboring in-plane O atoms. By adding/removing electrons into/from the crystal, the effect of charge doping is investigated. With introducing electrons, the off-centered symmetry gets weakened with a slight narrowing in band gap. However, the doping lifts the Fermi level into the conduction band, inducing an increase in transition energy for electrons. Similarly, the hole doping also results in a remarkable increase in the transition energy. Such band structure modulation can be used in high efficient photoabsorption, photocatalysis and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy.

We theoretically investigate single-photon polarization conversion via scattering by an atom with Λ configuration coupled to a semi-infinite waveguide and discuss the two cases in which the Λ system is non-degenerated and degenerated. By applying the hard-wall boundary condition of the semi-infinite waveguide, it is found that single-photon polarization conversion can be realized with unit probability for both cases under the ideal condition. Together with the polarization conversion, the frequency conversion of a single photon can also be realized with unit probability in the ideal case if the Λ system is not degenerated.

We propose an acoustic waveguide consisting of periodic parity-time-symmetric zero-index metamaterials separated by layers of passive medium. Consistent analytical derivations and numerical simulations show that a rich variety of extraordinary scattering effects can be achieved. For example, unidirectional transparency is found to occur at an exceptional point. At singular points, the system behaves as an acoustic coherent perfect absorber (CPA) laser. Bidirectional transparency, induced by the Fabry-Perot resonance or balanced dissipation and amplification, is also observed. In contrast to the previous scheme without structural periodicity, the proposed periodic structure allows a greater number of conditions under which the CPA laser behavior and bidirectional transparency can be achieved, which may facilitate the experimental realization of such extraordinary effects.

Valley states, labeling the frequency extrema in momentum space, carry a new degree of freedom (valley pseudospin) for topological transport of sound in sonic crystals. Recently, the field of valley acoustics has become a hotspot due to its potentials in developing various topological-insulator-based devices. In most previous works, topological valley transport is implemented at the interfaces of two connected artificial crystals. With respect to the interface, the mirror symmetry of crystal structures supports either even-mode or odd-mode valley states. In this work, we propose a physical insight of transforming one hexagonal crystal into a virtual lattice by utilizing the mirror operation of rigid or soft boundaries, which greatly reduces the dimension of the acoustic structure and provides a possible way to implement the programmable routing of topological propagation. We investigate two cases that the rigid and soft boundaries are introduced either at the edge or inside a single hexagonal crystal. Our results clearly demonstrate the high-transmission valley transport along the folded boundaries, where reflection or scattering is prohibited at the sharp bending or corners due to topological protection. Three functional devices are exemplified, which are single-crystal-based topological delay-line filter, delay-line switcher and beam splitter. Our work reveals the inherent relation between the field symmetries of valley states and structural symmetries of sonic crystals. Programmable routing of topological sound transport through boundary engineering provides a platform for developing integrated and versatile topological-insulator-based devices.

Regenerated amplification induced by a Fabry–Perot (F–P) cavity is introduced to enhance the interaction efficiency of the free-electron-driven spoof surface plasmon. A direct-current electron beam flies above the meta-grating surface and seeds noise-level plasmonic waves. This weak signal experiences multiple back-and-forth regenerated amplifications in the F–P cavity loaded grating system, and the system outputs a pulsed radiation when the signal leaves the cavity. When compared with the condition without the F–P cavity, the equivalent beam-wave interaction length is effectively extended, and the interaction efficiency is improved by orders of magnitude. The proof-of-principle scheme is verified in both backward-wave and forward-wave modes using the particle-in-cell simulation. This scheme is promising for developing high-efficient on-chip terahertz free-electron radiation sources.

The RF performance of a 1.3 GHz 9-cell superconducting niobium cavity was evaluated at cryogenic temperatures following surface processing by using the standard ILC-style recipe. The cavity is a TESLA-style 9-cell superconducting niobium cavity, with complete end group components including a higher order mode coupler, built in China for practical applications. An accelerating gradient of 28.6 MV/m was achieved at an unloaded quality factor of 4×109. The morphological property of mechanical features on the RF surface of this cavity was characterized through optical inspection. Correlation between the observed mechanical features and the RF performance of the cavity is attempted.

Bipolar disorder (BD), as a type of mood disorder, refers to the disease that has both manic episodes and depressive episodes. At present, the clinical diagnosis and treatment of bipolar disorder is often unsatisfactory, the disease always has a high rate of misdiagnosis and recurrence. The specific pathogenesis of bipolar disorder is still unclear, but related studies have shown that bipolar disorder is highly heritable, so a large number of studies have been carried out around the genomics of the disease, including some research combined with machine learning. Motivated by these research, we use the Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) which through the Genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) obtained as molecular genetic markers, combined with Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) constructing a recognition model for bipolar disorder. The experimental results show that the overall recognition rate can up to 79%, compared to similar studies, our model has achieved excellent performance. In addition, unlike traditional GWAS for finding pathogenic sites, our study first attempted to use it as a feature selection method of data preprocessing in machine learning, the experimental results prove the feasibility of this method. We believe that our research will provide some new ideas for the precision diagnosis and treatment of bipolar disorder in the future.