Search

Objective To understand intake frequency of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and the consumption habit among primary and secondary students. To explore the relationship of SSBs cognition and behavior, and to provide a basis for reducing students' intake of SSBs. Methods A multi-stage sampling process was employed to select subjects from primary and middle school in Shenzhen. Network questionnaire survey was conducted to collecting information in September and October, 2021. Spearman rank correlations was used to analyze relationships of various types of SSBs consumption frequency. Multivariable linear regression model was used to examine the relationship between SSBs cognition score and consumption frequency score. Hierarchical analysis to explore the interactions. Results A total of 16 840 primary and secondary students aged 6 to 18 years old were included. The prevalence of SSBs consumption at least 3 time/week was 58.9%, the grades 1-3, 4-6 and middle school students were 52.3%, 60.3% and 67.6%. Parents (73.3%) were the main buyers of SSBs, convenience stores (73.7%) were the main places and delicious (77.2%) was the major cause of choices. There was a positive correlation between the intake frequency of different types of SSBs (P < 0.001). The results of multivariate linear regression showed that the higher the cognition was, the lower the intake frequency of SSBs was (β = 0.179, 95%CI: 0.155-0.204). There was a multiplicative interaction between the cognitive score of SSBs and the educational level of parents (P < 0.00l). Conclusion The intake frequency of SSBs was high among primary and middle school students in Shenzhen, and the cognitive level of SSBs was related to the intake frequency and the educational level of parents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To study the interaction between snoring and hyperuricemia on metabolic syndrome (MetS) in children and adolescents, putting forward targeted countermeasures to prevent and control MetS in the specific subpopulation. Methods Demography data, snoring, anthropometric measurements, and biochemical indicators were obtained from children and adolescents aged 7 - 17 years old who participated in the evaluation and monitoring on school - based nutrition and growth in Shenzhen. Logistic regression model was conducted to evaluate the association between snoring and hyperuricemia on MetS, and an additive model to evaluate the impact of their interaction on MetS. Results The median age of 4 466 participants was 12. 16 years, and 2 454 (54. 9% ) were boys. The detection rates of MetS, snoring, and hyperuricemia accounted for 3. 2%, 29. 3%, and 33. 4% of the total population, respectively. The frequency of snoring < 1 time/week, 1-2 times/week, and ^ 3 times/week were positively correlated with MetS disease and showed a gradually increasing trend (P trend <0. 001). Snoring (OR =2.085, 95% CI- 1.462 -2.902) and hyperuricemia (OR = 4. 741, 95% CI- 3. 144 -7. 148) were both associated with MetS. In addition, there was no multiplicative interaction between snoring frequency, snoring, and high uric acid on MetS, but snoring and high uric acid had an additive interaction on MetS [ relative excess risk due to interaction = 3. 801 (0. 060 - 7. 542), attributable proportion of interaction = 0. 418 (0. 154 - 0. 683), synergy index = 1. 887 (1. 101 - 3. 234) ] . Conclusion Snoring and hyperuricemia are both risk factors for MetS. There is a synergistic effect between snoring and hyperuricemia on the risk of MetS. Therefore, it is necessary to actively control weight, maintain positive airway pressure ventilation, orthodontic treatment, limit fried foods, meat, seafood, and increase vegetable intake to improve snoring and uric acid levels in children and adolescents, in order to achieve prevention and management of MetS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]