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A recent study conducted at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) evaluated the serum levels of seven Sirtuins in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) patients, aiming to identify potential biomarkers for early detection of the disease. The research found that the serum levels of SIRT1, SIRT3, and SIRT6 were significantly decreased in AD patients compared to those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and geriatric controls (GC). The study suggests that SIRT3 and SIRT6 could serve as serum protein markers for AD, showing an inverse relationship with the disease. This research provides valuable insights into potential diagnostic tools for Alzheimer's Disease. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Poland, explores the molecular mechanisms underlying gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The study highlights the importance of understanding chronic low-grade inflammation, oxidative stress, and insulin resistance in pregnancies complicated by GDM. Specifically, the research focuses on the role of sirtuins, NAD+-dependent histone deacetylases, in energy metabolism and inflammation as potential therapeutic targets for GDM. For more information, readers can access the full article titled "Sirtuins and Their Implications in the Physiopathology of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus" in Pharmaceuticals, 2025, 18(1):41. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study from the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center explores the role of sirtuins in prostate cancer progression. Sirtuins, a family of NAD+-dependent histone deacetylases, have dualistic roles in tumor suppression or progression depending on the cellular context. The research highlights the potential of sirtuin modulation as a biomarker in prostate cancer and suggests innovative therapeutic strategies to manage advanced stages of the disease. This study provides insights into the mechanisms through which sirtuins impact prostate cancer, offering new possibilities for precision treatment approaches and improved outcomes for patients with aggressive disease. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from the Central Laboratory discusses the relationship between obesity and osteoporosis, highlighting the role of sirtuins in these conditions. Sirtuins are proteins that regulate energy and lipid balance, affecting both adipogenesis and bone health. The research aims to explore potential therapeutic targets for treating osteoporosis caused by obesity by targeting sirtuins. This study provides valuable insights into the complex interplay between sirtuins, obesity, and osteoporosis, offering new avenues for future therapeutic strategies. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study from Lovely Professional University in Punjab, India, explores the role of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) in DNA repair and gene expression regulation in cancer. The research discusses how blocking PARP1 enzyme activity with small molecules can lead to synthetic lethality in tumor therapy. The study also outlines different approaches for designing selective PARP1 inhibitors and provides updates on clinical trials in this area. For more information, readers can refer to the article "Recent Progress In Poly(Adp-ribose) Polymerase-1 Inhibitors for Application In Cancer" published in ChemistrySelect. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses a study on the role of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 14 (Parp14) in exacerbating Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) infection in mice. The research found that mice with a genetic deficiency of Parp14 experienced worsened colitis due to increased immune cell infiltration, Goblet cell loss, and epithelial erosion in the large intestine, despite lower levels of viable bacteria. The study suggests that Parp14 may play a role in regulating tissue architecture and mucosal inflammation in the large intestine during S. Typhimurium infection. [Extracted from the article]

A study from Pusan National University in South Korea explores the potential of colon-targeted poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors as anti-inflammatory agents for colitis treatment. The research focuses on designing and synthesizing PARP inhibitors for enhanced safety and efficacy against gut inflammation. Results suggest that colon-targeted PARP inhibitors could improve therapeutic outcomes and reduce systemic absorption, potentially synergizing with existing treatments like mesalazine for colitis management. [Extracted from the article]

The article from Blood Weekly discusses new research on regenerative medicine, focusing on the role of sirtuins in tissue and organ regeneration. Sirtuins are a family of lysine deacetylases that regulate cellular homeostasis and energy sensing. The study highlights how sirtuins modulate signaling pathways by deacetylating targets such as transcription factors, potentially offering insights into the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying tissue regeneration. The research suggests that sirtuins play a crucial role in the regeneration of various organs and tissues, such as skin, liver, heart, bone, muscle, cornea, and spinal cord. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center highlights the role of sirtuins in pancreatic cancer progression. Sirtuins, NAD+-dependent deacetylases, play a crucial role in various cellular processes driving pancreatic cancer development. The research emphasizes the need for targeted therapeutic interventions to modulate sirtuin activity and improve patient outcomes in pancreatic malignancies. This study provides insights into the signaling mechanisms and therapeutic implications of sirtuins in pancreatic cancer. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study from the University of Colorado highlights the changing landscape of Poly (ADP-ribose) Polymerase (PARP) inhibitor indications in the treatment of ovarian cancer in the United States. The research discusses the timeline of regulatory changes, including the approval and subsequent withdrawal of PARP inhibitor indications for ovarian cancer treatment. Financial support for the study came from the Don and Arlene Mohler Johnson Family Endowed Chair in Ovarian Cancer, and the findings have been peer-reviewed. For more information, readers can refer to the article "Genetic Implications for Cancer Management: the Changing Landscape of Poly (Adp-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitor Indications In the Treatment of Ovarian Cancer" in Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. [Extracted from the article]

A patent application titled "Combination Treatment Of Cancer With A Parp Inhibitor And A Lipophilic Statin" was published online, highlighting the potential benefits of combining a PARP inhibitor with a lipophilic statin in cancer treatment. The combination has shown improved median progression-free survival compared to individual treatments. The patent application explores the use of this combination in various cancer types and emphasizes the potential therapeutic effects of targeting the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway in cancer treatment. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses research findings on ovarian cancer, specifically focusing on the differential sensitivity of olaparib-resistant BRCA1-mutant ovarian cancer cells to PARP inhibitor rechallenge. The study established an olaparib-resistant cell line and found varying sensitivity to different PARP inhibitors, with niraparib and rucaparib showing increased cytotoxicity. The research provides insights into the mechanisms underlying PARP inhibitor sensitivity in resistant ovarian cancer cells, highlighting the need for further investigation in large prospective studies. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by the National Institutes for Food and Drug Control in Beijing, China, focused on the genetic background of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and its role in immune protection against Bordetella pertussis infection in mice. The research identified differences in TLR4 genotype and cytokine responses to pertussis toxin (PT) among different mouse strains, highlighting the impact of genetic variations on immune responses. The findings suggest that understanding these genetic differences could help standardize vaccine development and improve comparability across different mouse strains used in research. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Zanjan University of Medical Sciences in Iran focused on identifying potential inhibitors for Poly(Adp-ribose) Polymerase-10 (Parp10), an enzyme critical in DNA damage repair and implicated in cancer cell resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The study utilized virtual screening, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulations to identify a potential lead compound, ZINC20906412, with promising therapeutic potential for cancer treatment. The research concluded that the identified inhibitor and a known inhibitor, OUL35, remained stable in dynamic environments, suggesting their potential efficacy in cancer treatment. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study published in the Journal of Immunotherapy explores the role of Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase 1 (PARP-1) in promoting immune escape of colorectal cancer cells. The research conducted by the Department of Radiation Oncology found that overexpression of PARP-1 in CRC tissues and cells correlated with Treg cell infiltration and reduced CD8+ T-cell activity. The study suggests that targeting PARP-1 and using STING agonists could inhibit tumor growth by boosting CD8+ T-cell activity through the cGAS-STING pathway. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the University of Texas McGovern Medical School have conducted a study on whooping cough, focusing on the use of pertussis toxin as an adjuvant in an intranasal sensitization model of alopecia areata. The study found that intranasal administration of pertussis toxin and myelin oligodendrocyte peptide induced experimental autoimmune alopecia in mice, rather than the expected autoimmune encephalomyelitis. The research suggests a potential link between nasopharyngeal subclinical Bordetella pertussis colonization and alopecia areata. [Extracted from the article]

A study from the University of Maryland explores the role of interferon lambda in Bordetella pertussis infections. The research suggests that interferon lambda exacerbates inflammation in infected mice and inhibits antibacterial functions of neutrophils, leading to increased lung bacterial burden and inflammation. The study highlights the impact of pertussis toxin on neutrophil function and its role in enhancing type III interferon signaling, ultimately hindering the clearance of B. pertussis during infection. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Vanderbilt University explored the impact of chronic hyperglycemia on retinal astrocyte microstructure and cholera toxin uptake in a murine model of diabetes. The research found that astrocytes undergo morphological changes in response to hyperglycemia, leading to alterations in microstructural motifs and increased uptake of cholera toxin B. Additionally, the study observed leukocyte infiltration into the retina under conditions of chronic hyperglycemia and intravitreal injury. This research sheds light on potential early pathogenic mechanisms in diabetic retinopathy and highlights the importance of managing blood glucose levels in individuals receiving intravitreal injections for this condition. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the University of Pecs have explored the role of Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1 (PARP-1) inhibitors in diabetic retinopathy, a common complication of diabetes affecting the retina. The study highlights the potential therapeutic effects of PARP inhibitors in treating diabetic retinopathy by targeting various pathways involved in the disease. The research suggests that combining PARP-1 inhibitors with other compounds or using multi-targeted therapies could be promising approaches for future treatments. For more information, readers can access the full article in Pharmaceutics journal. [Extracted from the article]

A report from Yerevan State University discusses research on acute lung injury using a bleomycin-induced rat model. The study focuses on the role of poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase 1 (PARP 1) activity, NAD+ and poly(ADP-ribose)glycohydrolase (PARG) content in rat lung nuclei during the inflammatory phase. The researchers found that NAD+ levels and PARG protein content decreased in rat lung nuclei during the inflammatory phase, and treatment with tannic acid enhanced the effects of bleomycin. The study suggests that the anti-inflammatory role of tannic acid should be further explored. [Extracted from the article]

A report from Michigan Medicine discusses the effectiveness of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPis) in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) and alterations in homologous recombination repair (HRR) genes. The study found that PARPis were more effective in patients with BRCA1 or BRCA2 alterations (BRCAalt) compared to alterations in other HRR genes. Within the BRCAalt group, patients with homozygous loss of BRCA had better outcomes. The study suggests that tissue testing should be prioritized over liquid biopsy to identify patients who may benefit most from PARPis. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by China Medical University in Taichung, Taiwan, explores the role of Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) in BRCA-mutated tumors. PARP1 is an enzyme involved in various cellular processes, including DNA repair and cell death. The study highlights the importance of posttranslational modifications of PARP1 and their implications in cancer treatment, particularly in breast and ovarian cancers with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations. The research aims to shed light on the extent of PARP1 modifications and their impact on treatment effectiveness. The study has been peer-reviewed and provides valuable insights for further research in this field. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at the European Institute of Oncology in Milan, Italy, investigated the occurrence of myelodysplastic neoplasms (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in patients with advanced high-grade ovarian carcinoma (aHGOC) who were treated with poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. The study found that patients with a germline BRCA pathogenic variant (gBRCA-PV) had a higher risk of developing MDS and possibly myeloid neoplasms after treatment with PARP inhibitors, especially in cases of recurrent disease. The research suggests that the presence of gBRCA-PV is associated with an increased risk of these conditions in patients with aHGOC who received PARP inhibitors. [Extracted from the article]

Brazilian researchers have discovered a potential target for novel therapeutic strategies to combat fungal infections caused by Aspergillus fumigatus. The researchers found that silencing a specific gene attenuated the virulence of the fungus, making it less likely to cause severe lung infections. Resistance to existing antifungals is common, and the available therapies can have adverse side effects. The researchers are now searching for a molecule that inactivates a protein called sirtuin E, which could serve as a basis for a drug that makes the fungus more sensitive to existing medications. [Extracted from the article]

According to a preprint abstract, researchers have developed a new method called selecDT for efficiently selecting transgenic mammalian cells. This method uses an engineered diphtheria toxin (DT) resistance-based selection, which allows for rapid selection of transgene-expressing human cells. The researchers demonstrated that selecDT provides efficient protection from DT and enables nearly 100% enrichment of cells in just one day of selection. This new method could have positive impacts on biotechnological processes and biomedical research. However, it is important to note that this preprint has not yet undergone peer review. [Extracted from the article]

A new report from the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center discusses the challenges of treating breast and ovarian cancers. The researchers explored the synergistic effects of combining histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis), poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPis), and decitabine in breast and ovarian cancer cell lines. The combinations of these drugs showed synergistic cytotoxicity in all cell lines, inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing DNA damage. The researchers suggest that further exploration and clinical validation of these combinations are needed to assess their safety and efficacy in treating these types of tumors. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at Northwest A&F University in China explores the use of a recombinant Escherichia coli ghost (rECG) vaccine to enhance resistance to Chlamydia abortus (C. abortus) infection. The researchers fused the cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) with the rECG and found that it significantly improved the immune response and protective efficacy against C. abortus in mice. The study suggests that incorporating CTB into the rECG vaccine could enhance its immunogenic potential and effectiveness in preventing C. abortus infection. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the University of Toronto have made a significant breakthrough in the field of biotechnology by developing a new intracellular delivery platform for therapeutic proteins. The platform is based on a distant diphtheria toxin homolog called chelona toxin (ACT), which is structurally and functionally similar to diphtheria toxin (DT) but is not recognized by pre-existing antibodies in human sera. The researchers demonstrated that ACT can deliver therapeutic cargos into target cells more efficiently than DT, making it a promising candidate for building next-generation immunotoxins and targeted delivery platforms with improved pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties. This research has the potential to overcome the limitations posed by pre-existing antibodies against DT and enhance the efficacy of DT-based therapeutics. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine explores the potential role of sirtuins in protecting against hearing loss. Sirtuins are proteins involved in metabolic regulation and have been proposed as therapeutic targets for preventing or treating age-, noise-, or drug-induced hearing loss. The study reviewed 48 primary research articles that provided statistically significant data on sirtuin expression and auditory tests. While SIRT1 was the most studied sirtuin paralog, the researchers suggest that further investigation is needed to understand the involvement of other sirtuins in hearing protection. This research contributes to the ongoing efforts to address the health crisis of hearing loss, which affects over 60 million Americans. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the University of Minnesota has found that co-occurring BRCA2/SPOP mutations may predict enhanced sensitivity to poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). The study involved a retrospective analysis of 131 patients with BRCA2-altered mCRPC treated with PARP inhibitors, 14 of whom also had concurrent SPOP mutations. The results showed that patients with BRCA2/SPOP mutations experienced longer progression-free survival and overall survival compared to patients with BRCA2 mutations alone. These findings suggest that PARP inhibitors may be more effective in patients with BRCA2/SPOP mutations in mCRPC. [Extracted from the article]

A study on ovarian cancer has been published by the Department of Medicine. The study highlights that advanced epithelial ovarian cancer is the leading cause of gynecological cancer deaths. The research focuses on the use of poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitor therapy as a potential treatment for ovarian cancer, particularly in patients with BRCA germline mutations or platinum-sensitive disease. However, the study also discusses the development of resistance to PARP inhibitor therapy and the need for further research in this area. For more information, the full study can be accessed through the provided link. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at West China Second University Hospital in Chengdu, China, explored the limitations of homologous recombination (HR) status testing and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor treatment in the management of ovarian cancer. HR is a DNA repair system, and abnormalities in this system can lead to homologous recombination deficiency (HRD). The study found that while HRD is a stable biomarker, it does not provide a comprehensive molecular profile of tumor progression. Additionally, the efficacy of PARP inhibitors in ovarian cancer patients is limited by the development of resistance, and the long-term benefits of these inhibitors remain unclear. The researchers concluded that further investigations are needed to better understand the role of HR genes beyond BRCA and to identify alternative strategies for the management of advanced ovarian cancer. [Extracted from the article]

This document provides information about a clinical trial for patients with metastatic breast cancer. The trial aims to evaluate the use of a positron emission tomography (PET) scan with a specific radiotracer called [18F]FTT in combination with a PARP inhibitor and an immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) for treatment. The trial is not yet recruiting and plans to enroll 22 participants. The primary completion date for data collection is December 31, 2026. The study is being conducted in the United States and is supported by the Breast Cancer Research Foundation. The principal investigator is Shaveta Vinayak from the Fred Hutch/University of Washington Cancer Consortium. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Sichuan University in China has explored the role of Sirtuins in intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). IDD is a major cause of low back pain and has limited treatment options. Sirtuins are a family of enzymes involved in various metabolic processes and have been found to play a regulatory role in IDD. The study reviews the molecular pathways of Sirtuins in IDD and discusses the therapeutic potential of targeting Sirtuins with activators or micro-RNA. The research aims to provide possible solutions for the treatment of IDD. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study from the University of Mons (UMONS) in Belgium explores the role of mitochondrial sirtuins (SIRT3, SIRT4, and SIRT5) in renal cell metabolism and their implications for kidney diseases. The kidneys are metabolically active organs that require a large amount of ATP. Defective renal cell metabolism has been linked to conditions such as chronic kidney disease (CKD) and acute kidney injury (AKI). The study highlights the importance of SIRT3 in regulating mitochondrial function, antioxidative response, and antifibrotic response in the kidneys. The researchers suggest that understanding the role of mitochondrial sirtuins in kidney diseases could lead to innovative therapeutic interventions and improve the management of renal injuries. [Extracted from the article]

A report from Steve Biko Academic Hospital in Pretoria, South Africa discusses the use of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors in managing patients with inoperable tumors. These inhibitors hinder DNA repair and lead to cell cytotoxicity. The report suggests that identifying HR-deficiencies, such as BRCA1/2 mutations, should be part of the selection process for PARP inhibitor therapy. The report also discusses the use of [18F]Fluorine PARP inhibitor radiotracers for imaging PARP expression and evaluating PARP inhibitor pharmacokinetics. The discussion focuses on triple-negative breast cancer, where PARP inhibitors are used as part of the standard-of-care treatment strategy. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at Hannover Medical School in Germany explores the potential benefits of a ketogenic diet (KD) as an alternative treatment for drug-resistant epilepsy. The study investigates the impact of C8 and C10 fatty acids, which are found in the KD, on sirtuins, enzymes involved in energy metabolism, in neuronal cells. The findings suggest that C8 and C10 fatty acids may play a role in the antiepileptic effect of the KD, and nutritional supplements of these fatty acids could potentially replace the diet. Further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of the KD. [Extracted from the article]

A research study conducted by the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China explores the role of sirtuins in cancer. Sirtuins are enzymes that play a crucial role in various cellular processes, including cell metabolism, DNA repair, aging, and oxidative stress. The study highlights the dual roles of sirtuins in cancer, either as promoters or inhibitors, in different types of cancers such as oral, breast, hepatocellular, lung, and gastric cancers. The research also discusses potential anti-tumor agents targeting sirtuins and the complex relationship between sirtuins, miRNAs, and chemotherapeutic drugs. These findings hold promise for improving clinical outcomes and advancing cancer treatment. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP) has provided new insights into Aspergillus fumigatus, a human pathogenic fungus that poses a public health problem. The study focused on the role of sirtuins, NAD+-dependent lysine deacetylases, in A. fumigatus. The researchers found that the deletion of a specific sirtuin gene, SirE, resulted in significant changes in gene expression and protein acetylation, as well as a decrease in virulence. These findings suggest that sirtuin inhibitors could be potential therapeutic strategies for combating A. fumigatus infections, either alone or in combination with existing antifungal drugs. [Extracted from the article]

ModernaTX Inc. has filed a patent application for a ribonucleic acid (RNA) vaccine that targets whooping cough, diphtheria, and tetanus. The vaccine uses messenger RNA (mRNA) to instruct the body to produce specific proteins that can fight these diseases. The vaccine contains multiple mRNA polynucleotides that encode various antigenic polypeptides for Bordetella pertussis. It has the potential to treat and prevent infections caused by different strains and genotypes of these diseases. The patent application includes claims for different compositions of the vaccine, as well as specific amino acid and nucleotide sequences for the antigenic polypeptides. [Extracted from the article]

According to a preprint abstract from biorxiv.org, the cellular enzyme poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) may play a role in regulating HIV-1 replication in human CD4+ T cells. The study found that PARP-1 deficiency or inhibition increased viral replication in SUP-T1 cells, while inhibitors affecting the catalytic activity of the enzyme were inactive. The research also indicated that PARP-1 acts at the production phase of the viral life cycle and enhances HIV-1 infectivity by increasing levels of virion-associated Env. However, this preprint has not yet undergone peer review. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Texas A&M University examined the role of sirtuins in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), a prevalent chronic liver disease linked to diabesity. The study found that a high-fat and high-fructose diet significantly contributed to MASLD by disrupting hepatic glucose metabolism. The researchers discovered that this diet decreased the expression levels of Sirt1 and Sirt7 genes and proteins, potentially inhibiting liver gluconeogenesis and promoting liver fibrosis. These findings offer an epigenetic perspective on the detrimental impact of fructose on MASLD progression. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the National Institute of Public Health in Warsaw, Poland, has focused on the detection of diphtheria toxin (DT), which is the main virulence factor of Corynebacterium diphtheriae and other related bacteria. The detection of this toxin is crucial for the accurate diagnosis of diphtheria and other infections caused by these bacteria. The researchers highlight the challenges associated with toxin detection, including the limited availability of antitoxin and declining expertise in reference laboratories due to the low prevalence of diphtheria in developed countries. However, they also mention the development of promising assays for rapid point-of-care testing, such as ICS and LFIA for toxin detection, LAMP for tox gene detection, and biosensors for both. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at Mississippi State University provides new insights into experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a model used to study multiple sclerosis (MS). The researchers aimed to confirm that appropriate signaling molecules for the disease were being induced in the brain tissue of mice with EAE. RNA-Seq analysis revealed strong activation of the MS signaling pathway, as well as activation of Th1, Th2, and Th17 signaling pathways. The study suggests that this model of EAE closely mimics the onset of human MS and shares similarities with active and inactive lesions in MS patients. [Extracted from the article]