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In this paper, we consider recurrent behavior of bounded solutions for a functional integro-differential equation arising from heat conduction in materials with memory. Prior to the main results, we give a new version of composite theorem on measure pseudo almost automorphic functions involved in delay. Based on recently obtained results on the uniform exponential stability as well as contraction mapping principle, we prove some existence and uniqueness theorems on the recurrence of bounded mild solutions for the addressed equations with infinite delay. Finally, we finish this paper with an example on partial integro-differential equation which frequently comes to light in the study of heat conduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is concerned with the existence of mild solutions for partial neutral functional integrodifferential equations with infinite delay in a Banach space. The results are obtained by using the resolvent operators and Krasnoselski-Schaefer type fixed point theorem. An example is given to illustrate the results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is mainly concerned with the existence of mild solutions for a first-order impulsive neutral integro-differential equation with state-dependent delay. We assume that the undelayed part generates an analytic resolvent operator and transforms it into an integral equation. By using a fixed-point theorem for condensing maps combined with theories of analytic resolvent operators, we prove some existence theorems. As an application of these main theorems, some practical consequences are derived. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this note, we establish a sufficient condition for the controllability of a first-order semilinear differential system with nonlocal initial conditions in Banach spaces. The approach used is the Sadovskii fixed-point theorem combined with operator semigroups. Particularly, the compactness of the operator semigroups is not needed in this article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a prototypic autoimmune disease with complex genetic inheritance. Recently, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in BANK1 and TNFSF4 have been shown to be associated with SLE in Caucasian populations, but it is not known whether they are also involved in the disease in other ethnic groups. Recent data from our genome-wide association study (GWAS) for 314 SLE cases and 920 controls collected in Hong Kong identified SNPs in and around BANK1 and TNFSF4 to be associated with SLE risk. On the basis of the results of the reported studies and our GWAS, SNPs were selected for further genotyping in 949 SLE patients (overlapping with the 314 cases in our GWAS) and non-overlapping 1042 healthy controls. We confirmed the associations of BANK1 and TNFSF4 with SLE in Chinese (BANK1, rs3733197, odds ratio (OR)=0.84, P=0.021; BANK1, rs17266594, OR=0.61, P=4.67 × 10−9; TNFSF4, rs844648, OR=1.22, P=2.47 × 10−3; TNFSF4, rs2205960, OR=1.30, P=2.41 × 10−4). Another SNP located in intron 1 of BANK1, rs4522865, was separately replicated by Sequenom in 360 cases and 360 controls and was also confirmed to be associated with SLE (OR=0.725, P=2.93 × 10−3). Logistic regression analysis showed that rs3733197 (A383T in ankyrin domain) and rs17266594 (a branch point-site SNP) from BANK1 had independent contributions towards the disease association (P=0.037 and 6.63 × 10−8, respectively). In TNFSF4, rs2205960 was associated with SLE independently from the effect of rs844648 (P=6.26 × 10−3), but not vice versa (P=0.55). These findings suggest that multiple independent genetic variants may be present within the gene locus, which exert their effects on SLE pathogenesis through different mechanisms.Genes and Immunity (2009) 10, 414–420; doi:10.1038/gene.2009.16; published online 9 April 2009 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is focused mainly upon existence of solutions for a second-order impulsive hyperbolic differential inclusions with nonlocal initial conditions. By using some well-known fixed-point theorems, existence theorems are established when the multivalued map has convex or nonconvex values. As applications of these main theorems, some consequences are given for the sublinear growth cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to theories for integrated semigroups and Leray-Schauder theorem of the alternative for Kakutani maps, this paper is mainly concerned with existence results for some non-densely defined impulsive neutral functional differential inclusions with nonlocal conditions in Banach spaces. An example is also given to illustrate the obtained theorem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a sufficient condition is established for the controllability of neutral functional integro-differential inclusions with an unbounded delay in Banach spaces. The approach used is a fixed-point theorem for condensing maps due to Martelli and the theory of analytic semigroup of linear operators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the controllability of second-order differential and integrodifferential inclusions in Banach spaces are investigated. Two new results are obtained by using the theory of strongly continuous cosine families and a fixed-point theorem for multivalued maps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An internal membrane-filtration bioreactor system with periodic fouling removal and on-line cell measurement was employed for long-term continuous ethanol production from glucose in order to prove its performance and practicality. The bioreactor system developed in this study was successfully operated for 2 months with no problems in the maintenance of filtration flux. The maximum productivity obtained in this study was about 13 g/l-h which was ca. 3.3 times higher than that obtained in a conventional chemostat without cell retention by membrane. In another run of continuous culture, the laser turbidimeter used for the on-line monitoring of cell concentration showed a stable performance for 45 days without sensitivity loss due to fouling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Filtration of ethanol fermentation medium and broth by using symmetric and asymmetric ceramic membranes has been studied in an internal filter bioreactor. Factors studied included membrane structure and pore size, medium sterilization, and concentrations of glucose, yeast extract in the medium, yeast cell and protein in broth. The aim was to determine the main factors responsible for the decline in filtration performance during ethanol fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Flux index (Fi) of a new concept has been developed to evaluate the degree of flux decline during the membrane fouling process. Fi was defined as the ratio of the membrane flux at certain filtration time ( t = t) to the initial ( t = −0) flux of pure water, not the initial ( t = +0) flux of the test fluid. Flux with sterilized medium was approximately two-fold higher than that with unsterilized medium although the reason could not be explained clearly. Glucose, interaction between glucose and yeast extract, yeast cells, and proteins in fermentation broth were found to play an important part in membrane fouling. Fi of the symmetric membrane decreased to a less extent than that of the asymmetric membrane with increasing glucose concentration. But, the result with various yeast cell concentrations turned out to be contrary. Fouling was more serious for asymmetric membrane during the filtration of fermentation supernatant. This was thought to be due to different fouling mechanisms for the two types of membrane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Periodic backflushing of tubular ceramic membrane filters with filtrate was employed to alleviate membrane fouling in a bioreactor with internal-filtration. As the model system, yeast fermentation was dealt with in this study. There existed optimum backflushing interval and time to give a maximum flux recovery. At 16 g/l of yeast cell concentration, the mean flux increased about 2.5 times by using such repeated operation cycles as consisted of 4.53 minutes for filtration, 4.5 seconds for intermission, and 40 seconds for backflushing. Effects of aeration, agitation speed, and yeast cell concentration were also investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]