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Land use changes significantly impact the structure and functioning of ecosystems. The current research focus lies in how to utilize economic and policy instruments to regulate conflicts among stakeholders effectively. The objective is to facilitate rational planning and sustainable development of land utilization resources. The PLUS model integrates a rule-based mining method for land expansion analysis and a CA model based on multi-type stochastic seeding mechanism, which can be used to mine the driving factors of land expansion and predict the patch-level evolution of land use landscapes. Using the PLUS model, a simulation was conducted to study the future land use distribution in the research area over the next 30 years. Based on land use data from Guizhou Province in 2000, 2010, and 2020, a total of 16 driving factors were selected from three aspects: geographical environment, transportation network, and socio-economic conditions. Four scenarios, namely natural development, urban development, ecological conservation, and farmland rotection, were established. Comparative analysis of the simulated differences among the various scenarios was performed. (1) The overall accuracy of the land use simulation using the PLUS model in the study area was 0.983, with a Kappa coefficient of 0.972 and a FoM coefficient of 0.509. The research accuracy meets the simulation requirements. (2) Through the simulation of four different scenarios, the study investigated the land use changes in Guizhou Province over the next 30 years. Each scenario exhibited distinct impacts on land utilization. Comprehensive comparison of the different simulation results revealed that the farmland protection scenario aligns with the sustainable development goals of the research area. Currently, there is a relative scarcity of research on land use simulation, particularly in model application, for Guizhou Province. This study aims to provide a reference for the rational planning of land resources and high-quality urban construction in Guizhou, promoting the high-quality economic development in tandem with advanced ecological and environmental protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fenton reaction centered ferroptosis-apoptosis synergetic therapy has emerged as a promising tumor elimination strategy. However, the low intracellular Fenton level and accumulation of therapeutics at the lesion site greatly limit the efficacy of ferroptosis therapy. To overcome these two bottlenecks, an inhalable metal polyphenol network (MPN)-hybrid liposome, encoded as LDG, was proposed for enhancing the intracellular Fenton reaction level by co-delivering the ferroptosis inducer dihydroartemisinin (DHA) and the ferrous ion (Fe2+) donor MPN. The synthesized LDG had excellent nebulization performance which significantly improved the accumulation in the lungs, about 8.2 times of intravenous injection. In terms of anticancer mechanisms, MPN raised the intracellular level of Fe2+ by constructing iron cycling in the weakly acidic environment of tumors. Triggered by Fe2+, DHA with peroxide-bridge structure underwent a high level of Fenton-like reaction, promoted the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induced strong ferroptosis while cooperating with apoptosis. LDG exhibited extraordinary antitumor ability in an orthotopic lung tumor model, whose tumor inhibition efficiency was 1.53 (P = 0.0014) and 1.32 (P = 0.0183) times of the LG group (liposomes coated with gallic acid (GA)-Fe MPN) and LD group (liposomes loaded with DHA), respectively, showing the strongest anticancer effect. In conclusion, the constructed MPN-hybrid liposomes could be a potent custom nanoplatform for pulmonary delivery and underscored the great potential of ferroptosis-apoptosis synergetic therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Virtual reality learning environment (VRLE), which allow students to transcend time and space and provide them with a sense of immersion, is becoming more common in education. Although many studies have explored the effects of VRLE on learners' learning outcomes as well as learning experiences, the results of these studies indicate that the effects of VRLE on learning outcomes and cognitive load are mixed. This is influenced by multiple factors that can be broadly grouped into two categories: learner characteristics and VRLE features. This study aimed to investigate how the autonomy of VRLE and learner characteristics affect learning in the VRLE. 94 volunteered students (aged 18 to 26) were randomly assigned to a high-autonomy VRLE (N = 47) or a low-autonomy VRLE (N = 47). We did a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) and discovered that VRLE is not good for all students but only for those with particular features. According to the findings, teachers should personalize their use of instructional technology depending on the profiles of their students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The study quantitatively investigated the related research progress in pharmaceutical sciences/pharmacy education from a bibliometric angle and provided feasible suggestions to facilitate the development of pharmaceutical sciences/pharmacy postgraduate education. Methods: Bibliometric analysis was conducted using the database of Web of Science Core Collection. The literature published in 1985–2021 was screened and selected. The overall profile description, citation analysis, and research hotspot mining were performed using the citation report of Clarivate Analytics, bibliometrics online platform, and VOSviewer software. The bibliometric results and profiles were plotted and illustrated. Results: The bibliometric analysis of 485 papers of interest showed that the research frontier was continuously expanding; especially the institutions from the USA were the main contributors. The numbers of citing papers have been ascending, and a considerable part of citations were from the areas other than the education research. Mining results showed that the in-school and residency education of pharmacy postgraduates was a research hotspot, as well as interprofessional training and new education styles for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) therapy were the emerging trends in the field. Conclusion: Through the analysis of the studies, it was found that encouraging relevant research programs, establishing financial supports, and launching specified publication sources could be helpful to boost the development of pharmaceutical sciences/pharmacy postgraduate education. Besides, the results suggested that this was a less discussed topic and was worthy for the investigators to pay more attention to such an issue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nano-systems (size range: 1 ~ 1000 nm) have been widely investigated as pulmonary drug delivery carriers, and the safety of inhaled nano-systems has aroused general interests. In this work, bibliometric analysis was performed to describe the current situation of related literature, figure out the revolutionary trends, and eventually forecast the possible future directions. The relevant articles and reviews from 2001 to 2020 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection. The documents were processed by Clarivate Analytic associated with Web of Science database, Statistical Analysis Toolkit for Informetric, bibliometric online platform and VOSviewer, and the data were visualized. The bibliometric overview of the literature was described, citation analysis was performed, and research hotspots were showcased. The bibliometric analysis of 3362 documents of interest indicated that most of the relevant source titles were in the fields of toxicology, pharmacy, and materials science. The three research hotspots were the biological process of inhalable nano-systems in vivo, the manufacture of inhalable nano-systems, and the impact of nano-systems on human health in the environment. Toxicity and safety have always been the keywords. The USA was the major contributing country, and international collaboration and co-authorship were common phenomena. The general situation and development trend of literature of inhalable nano-systems were summarized. It was anticipated that bibliometrics analysis could provide new ideas for the future research of inhalable nano-systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unclear biological fate hampers the clinical translation of nanoparticles for biomedical uses. In recent years, it is documented that the formation of protein corona upon nanoparticles is a critical factor leading to the ambiguous biological fate. Efforts have been made to explore the protein corona forming behaviors on nanoparticles, and rearrangement of the relevant studies will help to understand the current trend of such a topic. In this work, the publications about protein corona of nanoparticles in Science Citation Index Expanded database of Web of Science from 2007 to 2020 (1417 in total) were analyzed in detail, and the bibliometrics landscape of them was showcased. The basic bibliometrics characteristics were summarized to provide an overall understanding. Citation analysis was performed to scrutinize the peer interests of these papers. The research hotspots in the field were evaluated, based on which some feasible topics for future studies were proposed. In general, the results demonstrated that protein corona of nanoparticles was a prospective research area, and had attracted global research interests. It was believed that this work could comprehensively highlight the bibliometrics landscape, inspire further exploitation on protein corona of nanoparticles, and ultimately promote the clinical translation of nanoparticles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (UC-MSC) application is a promising arising therapy for the treatment of premature ovarian failure (POF). However, little is known about the inflammation regulatory effects of human umbilical cord MSCs (UC-MSCs) on chemotherapy-induced ovarian damage, regardless of in vivo or in vitro. This study was designed to investigate the therapeutic effects of UC-MSC transplantation and underlying mechanisms regarding both apoptosis and inflammation in POF mice. The chemotherapy-induced POF models were induced by intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide. Ovarian function parameters, granulosa cell (GC) apoptosis, and inflammation were examined. Morphological staining showed that UC-MSC treatment increased the ovary size, and the numbers of primary and secondary follicles, but decreased the number of atretic follicles. Estradiol levels in the UC-MSC-treated group were increased while follicle-stimulating hormone levels were reduced compared to those in the POF group. UC-MSCs inhibited cyclophosphamide-induced GC apoptosis and inflammation. Meanwhile, phosphorylation of AKT and P38 was elevated after UC-MSC treatment. Tracking of UC-MSCs in vivo indicated that transplanted UC-MSCs were only located in the interstitium of ovaries rather than in follicles. Importantly, UC-MSC-derived extracellular vesicles protected GCs from alkylating agent–induced apoptosis and inflammation in vitro. Our results suggest that UC-MSC transplantation can reduce ovary injury and improve ovarian function in chemotherapy-induced POF mice through anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects via a paracrine mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nano-systems (size range: 1 ~ 1000 nm) have been widely investigated as pulmonary drug delivery carriers, and the safety of inhaled nano-systems has aroused general interests. In this work, bibliometric analysis was performed to describe the current situation of related literature, figure out the revolutionary trends, and eventually forecast the possible future directions. The relevant articles and reviews from 2001 to 2020 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection. The documents were processed by Clarivate Analytic associated with Web of Science database, Statistical Analysis Toolkit for Informetric, bibliometric online platform and VOSviewer, and the data were visualized. The bibliometric overview of the literature was described, citation analysis was performed, and research hotspots were showcased. The bibliometric analysis of 3362 documents of interest indicated that most of the relevant source titles were in the fields of toxicology, pharmacy, and materials science. The three research hotspots were the biological process of inhalable nano-systems in vivo, the manufacture of inhalable nano-systems, and the impact of nano-systems on human health in the environment. Toxicity and safety have always been the keywords. The USA was the major contributing country, and international collaboration and co-authorship were common phenomena. The general situation and development trend of literature of inhalable nano-systems were summarized. It was anticipated that bibliometrics analysis could provide new ideas for the future research of inhalable nano-systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A big challenge in educational resources construction is the intelligent and personalized resource recommendation for learners. This paper proposes a semantic recommendation framework of educational resources based on semantic web and pedagogics. In this framework, a domain ontology is constructed to describe the knowledge structure of the domain. All the resources and user portfolio are described with ontology technology and resource description framework to support semantic inference. Based on the semantic resource organization, we made a set of reasoning rules based on pedagogics. These rules are made from the synthesis of the type of the knowledge, the internal structure of knowledge and learner's learning performance. A case study was implemented on the course "theory and practice of database". In this case, learners are recommended different learning materials according to the different knowledge structure and different learning performance. Three typical learning modes are proposed to describe the personalized learning experience. This framework can be used as a guide for teachers and resource designers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The popularity of mobile devices and conversational agents in recent years has seen wide use of chatbots in different educational scenarios. In relation to the advances in mobile devices and conversational agents, there are few research works concerning the design and evaluation of domain-specific chatbots to fulfill the demand of mobile learning. To address this issue, we propose an agent-based conceptual architecture to develop a domain-specific chatbot for mobile learning. We extend the open-domain DeepQA agent to make it sensitive to restricted domain questions by building a domain-specific gate, and employ WeChat as user interface. To evaluate our chatbot, subjective and objective criteria are employed to assess its effectiveness. Additionally, its usability evaluation proceeds with system usability scale questionnaire and net promoter score simultaneously. In total, 18 domain experts participated in the evaluation of effectiveness, and 52 participants were involved in the evaluation of usability. Based on the evaluation results, we conclude that our chatbot can serve as an effective information retrieval tool in a specific domain. The perceived usability of our chatbot tends to be moderate and marginal and has positively affected the promotion of our chatbot for mobile learning. This paper contributes to the educative application of chatbots in specific subject fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Equal contributor's note is shown below: Zhengwei Huang and Linjing Wu contributed equally to this article. The original article can be found online at https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-021-05384-1. The online version of the original article can be found at https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-021-05384-1 The original article has been corrected. [Extracted from the article]

A method is reported for recognizing MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cells based on silica-encapsulated nanoparticles modified with aminophenylboronic acid which can recognize sialic acid on cell surfaces. Gold@rhodamine B nanoparticles were coated with aminophenylboronic acid and used to capture MCF-7 cells. It is found that the presence of gold NPs was favorable to prepare nanoparticles easily and that they were extraordinarily biocompatible with MCF-7 cells. The experimental results confirmed that the nanoparticles can be used to target breast carcinoma cells using HS 578Bst normal breast cells as the negative control. The MCF-7 cells were imaged by laser scanning microscopy and showed strong red fluorescence in dark field. An MTT test revealed an 82 % viability of cells when 50 mg · mL fluorescent probe was used in the incubation experiments. The results exhibited that the NPs are innocuous and stable. In our perception, the method has a larege potential for early diagnosis of breast cancer due to high affinity between nanoparticles and the breast carcinoma cells. [Figure not available: see fulltext.] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]