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3. Nun sag, wie hast du’s mit bewaffneten Drohnen? Die Haltung zu bewaffneten Drohnen in Deutschland und ihre Erklärungsfaktoren

Author

Markus Steinbrecher and Fabrice Westphal

Subjects
General Medicine
Abstract

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag untersucht die Haltung zu bewaffneten Drohnen in Deutschland und ihre Erklärungsfaktoren. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass es mit 41 % Unterstützung eine relative Mehrheit für die Ausrüstung der Bundeswehr mit bewaffneten Drohnen gibt. Wesentliche Erklärungsfaktoren sind verschiedene Bedrohungswahrnehmungen (Russland, Krieg in Europa, Terrorismus, Wettrüsten), die Haltung zur Anwendung militärischer Gewalt sowie besonders die Einstellung zur Bundeswehr.

Published
2022

4. Diagnostik und Therapie der Riesenzellarteriitis

Author

Andreas Steinbrecher, Bernhard Hellmich, Jens Minnerup, Thorsten Alexander Bley, Jana Becker, and Markus Kraemer

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Gastroenterology, Receptor antibody, Subcutaneous application, Psychiatry and Mental health, Giant cell arteritis, chemistry.chemical_compound, Tocilizumab, Neurology, chemistry, Internal medicine, medicine, Methotrexate, Neurology (clinical), business, Stroke, medicine.drug, Systemic vasculitis
Abstract

ZusammenfassungDie Riesenzellarteriitis (RZA) ist in der Altersgruppe der über 50-Jährigen die häufigste idiopathische systemische Vaskulitis. Die Erkrankung bedarf einer zeitnahen Diagnostik und Therapie, um schwere Komplikationen wie eine Erblindung oder einen Schlaganfall zu vermeiden. Die Rezidivneigung erfordert eine mehrjährige, zum Teil lebenslange Glukokortikoid(GC)-Therapie, was das Risiko GC-induzierter Langzeitnebenwirkungen erhöht. Daher wird bei der Mehrzahl der Patienten eine additive GC-einsparende Therapie empfohlen. Hierzu steht der Anti-IL-6-Rezeptor-Antikörper Tocilizumab in subkutaner Applikation als zugelassene Substanz zur Verfügung, alternativ kann Methotrexat (MTX) eingesetzt werden (off-label).

Published
2021

5. Statistical biases due to anonymization evaluated in an open clinical dataset from COVID-19 patients

Author

Carolin E M, Koll, Sina M, Hopff, Thierry, Meurers, Chin Huang, Lee, Mirjam, Kohls, Christoph, Stellbrink, Charlotte, Thibeault, Lennart, Reinke, Sarah, Steinbrecher, Stefan, Schreiber, Lazar, Mitrov, Sandra, Frank, Olga, Miljukov, Johanna, Erber, Johannes C, Hellmuth, Jens-Peter, Reese, Fridolin, Steinbeis, Thomas, Bahmer, Marina, Hagen, Patrick, Meybohm, Stefan, Hansch, István, Vadász, Lilian, Krist, Steffi, Jiru-Hillmann, Fabian, Prasser, Jörg Janne, Vehreschild, and O, Witzke

Subjects
Statistics and Probability, COVID-19, Datasets as Topic, Models, Theoretical, Library and Information Sciences, Computer Science Applications, Education, Bias, Privacy, Data Anonymization, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Humans, Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty, Information Systems
Abstract

Anonymization has the potential to foster the sharing of medical data. State-of-the-art methods use mathematical models to modify data to reduce privacy risks. However, the degree of protection must be balanced against the impact on statistical properties. We studied an extreme case of this trade-off: the statistical validity of an open medical dataset based on the German National Pandemic Cohort Network (NAPKON), which was prepared for publication using a strong anonymization procedure. Descriptive statistics and results of regression analyses were compared before and after anonymization of multiple variants of the original dataset. Despite significant differences in value distributions, the statistical bias was found to be small in all cases. In the regression analyses, the median absolute deviations of the estimated adjusted odds ratios for different sample sizes ranged from 0.01 [minimum = 0, maximum = 0.58] to 0.52 [minimum = 0.25, maximum = 0.91]. Disproportionate impact on the statistical properties of data is a common argument against the use of anonymization. Our analysis demonstrates that anonymization can actually preserve validity of statistical results in relatively low-dimensional data.

Published
2022

9. Novel agents in a young patient with osteosarcoma: A short review

Author

Thomas Brodowicz, Oskar Steinbrecher, and Wolfgang Lamm

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Chemotherapy, Lung, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Standard treatment, Hematology, Disease, medicine.disease, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine.anatomical_structure, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Localized disease, medicine, Osteosarcoma, Radiology, Young adult, business, Adjuvant
Abstract

SummaryOsteosarcomas are rare malignant bone tumors, most frequently occurring in children as well as adolescents and young adults. Therapy of initially localized disease consists of neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgical resection and adjuvant chemotherapy. Osteosarcomas often present relapses, most commonly lung metastases. Treatment of isolated lung metastasis most commonly includes surgical resection. The correct adjuvant treatment option is still under investigation. In this manuscript we describe the clinical course of an osteosarcoma patient and give a review of the literature regarding current standard treatment for localized as well as pulmonary metastatic disease.

Published
2021

10. One-way coupled fluid–beam interaction: capturing the effect of embedded slender bodies on global fluid flow and vice versa

Author

Nora Hagmeyer, Matthias Mayr, Ivo Steinbrecher, and Alexander Popp

Subjects
Applied Mathematics, Modeling and Simulation, Engineering (miscellaneous), Computer Science Applications
Abstract

This work addresses research questions arising from the application of geometrically exact beam theory in the context of fluid-structure interaction (FSI). Geometrically exact beam theory has proven to be a computationally efficient way to model the behavior of slender structures while leading to rather well-posed problem descriptions. In particular, we propose a mixed-dimensional embedded finite element approach for the coupling of one-dimensional geometrically exact beam equations to a three-dimensional background fluid mesh, referred to as fluid–beam interaction (FBI) in analogy to the well-established notion of FSI. Here, the fluid is described by the incompressible isothermal Navier–Stokes equations for Newtonian fluids. In particular, we present algorithmic aspects regarding the solution of the resulting one-way coupling schemes and, through selected numerical examples, analyze their spatial convergence behavior as well as their suitability not only as stand-alone methods but also for an extension to a full two-way coupling scheme.

Published
2022

20. Quantum optical neural networks

Author

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Research Laboratory of Electronics, Steinbrecher, Gregory R., Englund, Dirk R., Carolan, Jacques J, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Research Laboratory of Electronics, Steinbrecher, Gregory R., Englund, Dirk R., and Carolan, Jacques J

Abstract

Physically motivated quantum algorithms for specific near-term quantum hardware will likely be the next frontier in quantum information science. Here, we show how many of the features of neural networks for machine learning can naturally be mapped into the quantum optical domain by introducing the quantum optical neural network (QONN). Through numerical simulation and analysis we train the QONN to perform a range of quantum information processing tasks, including newly developed protocols for quantum optical state compression, reinforcement learning, black-box quantum simulation, and one-way quantum repeaters. We consistently demonstrate that our system can generalize from only a small set of training data onto inputs for which it has not been trained. Our results indicate that QONNs are a powerful design tool for quantum optical systems and, leveraging advances in integrated quantum photonics, a promising architecture for next-generation quantum processors., United States. Air Force. Office of Scientific Research. Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative Optimal Measurements for ScalableQuantum Technologies (Grant FA9550-14-1-0052), United States. Air Force. Office of Scientific Research (Grant FA9550-16-1-0391), European Commission. Framework Programme for Research and Innovation. Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions (Grant 751016)

Published
2021

22. Author Correction: The FLUXNET2015 dataset and the ONEFlux processing pipeline for eddy covariance data

Author

Pastorello, Gilberto, primary, Trotta, Carlo, additional, Canfora, Eleonora, additional, Chu, Housen, additional, Christianson, Danielle, additional, Cheah, You-Wei, additional, Poindexter, Cristina, additional, Chen, Jiquan, additional, Elbashandy, Abdelrahman, additional, Humphrey, Marty, additional, Isaac, Peter, additional, Polidori, Diego, additional, Reichstein, Markus, additional, Ribeca, Alessio, additional, van Ingen, Catharine, additional, Vuichard, Nicolas, additional, Zhang, Leiming, additional, Amiro, Brian, additional, Ammann, Christof, additional, Arain, M. Altaf, additional, Ardö, Jonas, additional, Arkebauer, Timothy, additional, Arndt, Stefan K., additional, Arriga, Nicola, additional, Aubinet, Marc, additional, Aurela, Mika, additional, Baldocchi, Dennis, additional, Barr, Alan, additional, Beamesderfer, Eric, additional, Marchesini, Luca Belelli, additional, Bergeron, Onil, additional, Beringer, Jason, additional, Bernhofer, Christian, additional, Berveiller, Daniel, additional, Billesbach, Dave, additional, Black, Thomas Andrew, additional, Blanken, Peter D., additional, Bohrer, Gil, additional, Boike, Julia, additional, Bolstad, Paul V., additional, Bonal, Damien, additional, Bonnefond, Jean-Marc, additional, Bowling, David R., additional, Bracho, Rosvel, additional, Brodeur, Jason, additional, Brümmer, Christian, additional, Buchmann, Nina, additional, Burban, Benoit, additional, Burns, Sean P., additional, Buysse, Pauline, additional, Cale, Peter, additional, Cavagna, Mauro, additional, Cellier, Pierre, additional, Chen, Shiping, additional, Chini, Isaac, additional, Christensen, Torben R., additional, Cleverly, James, additional, Collalti, Alessio, additional, Consalvo, Claudia, additional, Cook, Bruce D., additional, Cook, David, additional, Coursolle, Carole, additional, Cremonese, Edoardo, additional, Curtis, Peter S., additional, D’Andrea, Ettore, additional, da Rocha, Humberto, additional, Dai, Xiaoqin, additional, Davis, Kenneth J., additional, De Cinti, Bruno, additional, de Grandcourt, Agnes, additional, De Ligne, Anne, additional, De Oliveira, Raimundo C., additional, Delpierre, Nicolas, additional, Desai, Ankur R., additional, Di Bella, Carlos Marcelo, additional, di Tommasi, Paul, additional, Dolman, Han, additional, Domingo, Francisco, additional, Dong, Gang, additional, Dore, Sabina, additional, Duce, Pierpaolo, additional, Dufrêne, Eric, additional, Dunn, Allison, additional, Dušek, Jiří, additional, Eamus, Derek, additional, Eichelmann, Uwe, additional, ElKhidir, Hatim Abdalla M., additional, Eugster, Werner, additional, Ewenz, Cacilia M., additional, Ewers, Brent, additional, Famulari, Daniela, additional, Fares, Silvano, additional, Feigenwinter, Iris, additional, Feitz, Andrew, additional, Fensholt, Rasmus, additional, Filippa, Gianluca, additional, Fischer, Marc, additional, Frank, John, additional, Galvagno, Marta, additional, Gharun, Mana, additional, Gianelle, Damiano, additional, Gielen, Bert, additional, Gioli, Beniamino, additional, Gitelson, Anatoly, additional, Goded, Ignacio, additional, Goeckede, Mathias, additional, Goldstein, Allen H., additional, Gough, Christopher M., additional, Goulden, Michael L., additional, Graf, Alexander, additional, Griebel, Anne, additional, Gruening, Carsten, additional, Grünwald, Thomas, additional, Hammerle, Albin, additional, Han, Shijie, additional, Han, Xingguo, additional, Hansen, Birger Ulf, additional, Hanson, Chad, additional, Hatakka, Juha, additional, He, Yongtao, additional, Hehn, Markus, additional, Heinesch, Bernard, additional, Hinko-Najera, Nina, additional, Hörtnagl, Lukas, additional, Hutley, Lindsay, additional, Ibrom, Andreas, additional, Ikawa, Hiroki, additional, Jackowicz-Korczynski, Marcin, additional, Janouš, Dalibor, additional, Jans, Wilma, additional, Jassal, Rachhpal, additional, Jiang, Shicheng, additional, Kato, Tomomichi, additional, Khomik, Myroslava, additional, Klatt, Janina, additional, Knohl, Alexander, additional, Knox, Sara, additional, Kobayashi, Hideki, additional, Koerber, Georgia, additional, Kolle, Olaf, additional, Kosugi, Yoshiko, additional, Kotani, Ayumi, additional, Kowalski, Andrew, additional, Kruijt, Bart, additional, Kurbatova, Julia, additional, Kutsch, Werner L., additional, Kwon, Hyojung, additional, Launiainen, Samuli, additional, Laurila, Tuomas, additional, Law, Bev, additional, Leuning, Ray, additional, Li, Yingnian, additional, Liddell, Michael, additional, Limousin, Jean-Marc, additional, Lion, Marryanna, additional, Liska, Adam J., additional, Lohila, Annalea, additional, López-Ballesteros, Ana, additional, López-Blanco, Efrén, additional, Loubet, Benjamin, additional, Loustau, Denis, additional, Lucas-Moffat, Antje, additional, Lüers, Johannes, additional, Ma, Siyan, additional, Macfarlane, Craig, additional, Magliulo, Vincenzo, additional, Maier, Regine, additional, Mammarella, Ivan, additional, Manca, Giovanni, additional, Marcolla, Barbara, additional, Margolis, Hank A., additional, Marras, Serena, additional, Massman, William, additional, Mastepanov, Mikhail, additional, Matamala, Roser, additional, Matthes, Jaclyn Hatala, additional, Mazzenga, Francesco, additional, McCaughey, Harry, additional, McHugh, Ian, additional, McMillan, Andrew M. S., additional, Merbold, Lutz, additional, Meyer, Wayne, additional, Meyers, Tilden, additional, Miller, Scott D., additional, Minerbi, Stefano, additional, Moderow, Uta, additional, Monson, Russell K., additional, Montagnani, Leonardo, additional, Moore, Caitlin E., additional, Moors, Eddy, additional, Moreaux, Virginie, additional, Moureaux, Christine, additional, Munger, J. William, additional, Nakai, Taro, additional, Neirynck, Johan, additional, Nesic, Zoran, additional, Nicolini, Giacomo, additional, Noormets, Asko, additional, Northwood, Matthew, additional, Nosetto, Marcelo, additional, Nouvellon, Yann, additional, Novick, Kimberly, additional, Oechel, Walter, additional, Olesen, Jørgen Eivind, additional, Ourcival, Jean-Marc, additional, Papuga, Shirley A., additional, Parmentier, Frans-Jan, additional, Paul-Limoges, Eugenie, additional, Pavelka, Marian, additional, Peichl, Matthias, additional, Pendall, Elise, additional, Phillips, Richard P., additional, Pilegaard, Kim, additional, Pirk, Norbert, additional, Posse, Gabriela, additional, Powell, Thomas, additional, Prasse, Heiko, additional, Prober, Suzanne M., additional, Rambal, Serge, additional, Rannik, Üllar, additional, Raz-Yaseef, Naama, additional, Rebmann, Corinna, additional, Reed, David, additional, de Dios, Victor Resco, additional, Restrepo-Coupe, Natalia, additional, Reverter, Borja R., additional, Roland, Marilyn, additional, Sabbatini, Simone, additional, Sachs, Torsten, additional, Saleska, Scott R., additional, Sánchez-Cañete, Enrique P., additional, Sanchez-Mejia, Zulia M., additional, Schmid, Hans Peter, additional, Schmidt, Marius, additional, Schneider, Karl, additional, Schrader, Frederik, additional, Schroder, Ivan, additional, Scott, Russell L., additional, Sedlák, Pavel, additional, Serrano-Ortíz, Penélope, additional, Shao, Changliang, additional, Shi, Peili, additional, Shironya, Ivan, additional, Siebicke, Lukas, additional, Šigut, Ladislav, additional, Silberstein, Richard, additional, Sirca, Costantino, additional, Spano, Donatella, additional, Steinbrecher, Rainer, additional, Stevens, Robert M., additional, Sturtevant, Cove, additional, Suyker, Andy, additional, Tagesson, Torbern, additional, Takanashi, Satoru, additional, Tang, Yanhong, additional, Tapper, Nigel, additional, Thom, Jonathan, additional, Tomassucci, Michele, additional, Tuovinen, Juha-Pekka, additional, Urbanski, Shawn, additional, Valentini, Riccardo, additional, van der Molen, Michiel, additional, van Gorsel, Eva, additional, van Huissteden, Ko, additional, Varlagin, Andrej, additional, Verfaillie, Joseph, additional, Vesala, Timo, additional, Vincke, Caroline, additional, Vitale, Domenico, additional, Vygodskaya, Natalia, additional, Walker, Jeffrey P., additional, Walter-Shea, Elizabeth, additional, Wang, Huimin, additional, Weber, Robin, additional, Westermann, Sebastian, additional, Wille, Christian, additional, Wofsy, Steven, additional, Wohlfahrt, Georg, additional, Wolf, Sebastian, additional, Woodgate, William, additional, Li, Yuelin, additional, Zampedri, Roberto, additional, Zhang, Junhui, additional, Zhou, Guoyi, additional, Zona, Donatella, additional, Agarwal, Deb, additional, Biraud, Sebastien, additional, Torn, Margaret, additional, and Papale, Dario, additional

Published
2021
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24. Kommunaler Altschuldenfonds: Verringerung der effektiven Schuldenlast anstreben!

Author

Stephan Brand and Johannes Steinbrecher

Subjects
050208 finance, Political science, 0502 economics and business, 05 social sciences, ddc:330, H63, Business, Management and Accounting (miscellaneous), H77, 050207 economics, H81, Humanities
Abstract

Die guten ökonomischen Rahmenbedingungen eröffnen aktuell die Möglichkeit, aufgelaufene Schuldenprobleme der öffentlichen Haushalte anzugehen. Zur Debatte steht dabei insbesondere, kommunale Kassenkredite in einen Altschuldenfonds zu überführen. Ziel der Ausgestaltung sollte es sein, die effektive Schuldenlast zu verringern, um die besonders betroffenen Kommunen zu erreichen. Hohe Kassenkreditbestände sind Zeichen grundsätzlicher Probleme des Gemeindefinanzsystems. Dabei ist ein Altschuldenfonds für aufgelaufene (Kassen-)Kredite ein erster Schritt, dem aber weitere Konsolidierungsbeiträge folgen sollten. Dazu ist ein ganzes Bündel in sich greifender Maßnahmen auf allen föderalen Ebenen notwendig. Dies wäre ein echter Beitrag zum Abbau regionaler Disparitäten und zur Schaffung gleichwertiger Lebensverhältnisse im Land. High indebtedness is a major burden for many municipalities in Germany. Moreover, the high stock of cash credits indicates severe economic imbalances and bears significant interest rate risk. Hence, debt funds for cash credits are currently under discussion in Germany. However, a sustainable solution to the municipalities' debt problem requires a reduction of the current debt burden and the prevention of new indebtedness. In this context, high stocks of cash credits are a symptom of structural fiscal problems rather than the actual disease. Thus, their reduction would be an important component of a number of measures, but only part of the solution.

Published
2018

25. Drug-Eluting Stents for Treatment of Peripheral Artery Disease

Author

Bo Sun, Emmanouil S. Brilakis, Subhash Banerjee, Houman Khalili, Micah Steinbrecher, Zhao Huiqiang, Kazeen Abdullah, and Bassel Bou Dargham

Subjects
Drug, medicine.medical_specialty, Percutaneous, Arterial disease, media_common.quotation_subject, Disease, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, law.invention, Peripheral Arterial Disease, 03 medical and health sciences, Postoperative Complications, 0302 clinical medicine, Pharmacotherapy, Randomized controlled trial, Restenosis, law, medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), 030212 general & internal medicine, Risk factor, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, media_common, business.industry, Endovascular Procedures, Drug-Eluting Stents, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Surgery, body regions, Treatment Outcome, surgical procedures, operative, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract

Endovascular intervention is a mainstay treatment of peripheral artery disease (PAD) in addition to aggressive risk factor modification and exercise programs in patients with favorable anatomy or in those who are considered too high risk for surgical intervention. Treatment with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) and bare metal stents (BMS) has been limited by high rates of in-stent restenosis (ISR) requiring repeat revascularization. Drug-eluting stents (DES), developed and designed to reduce ISR, offer a promising solution to the current challenges in endovascular management of PAD. Several randomized clinical trials have shown improved short- and mid-term outcomes with DES as compared with both PTA and BMS. Herein we provide an up-to-date review of the current literature on DES use in PAD.

Published
2018

26. Validation of tautomeric and protomeric binding modes by free energy calculations. A case study for the structure based optimization of d-amino acid oxidase inhibitors

Author

Dávid Bajusz, Zoltán Orgován, György G. Ferenczy, Bence Szilágyi, Thomas Steinbrecher, and György M. Keserű

Subjects
D-Amino-Acid Oxidase, Models, Molecular, 0301 basic medicine, Indazoles, D-amino acid oxidase, Protonation, 01 natural sciences, Free energy perturbation, Structure-Activity Relationship, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Deprotonation, Computational chemistry, 0103 physical sciences, Drug Discovery, Amino Acid Sequence, Amino Acids, Enzyme Inhibitors, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Isoxazole, Indazole, Molecular Structure, 010304 chemical physics, Chemistry, Tautomer, Affinities, Computer Science Applications, 030104 developmental biology, Thermodynamics, Protein Binding
Abstract

Optimization of fragment size D-amino acid oxidase (DAAO) inhibitors was investigated using a combination of computational and experimental methods. Retrospective free energy perturbation (FEP) calculations were performed for benzo[d]isoxazole derivatives, a series of known inhibitors with two potential binding modes derived from X-ray structures of other DAAO inhibitors. The good agreement between experimental and computed binding free energies in only one of the hypothesized binding modes strongly support this bioactive conformation. Then, a series of 1-H-indazol-3-ol derivatives formerly not described as DAAO inhibitors was investigated. Binding geometries could be reliably identified by structural similarity to benzo[d]isoxazole and other well characterized series and FEP calculations were performed for several tautomers of the deprotonated and protonated compounds since all these forms are potentially present owing to the experimental pKa values of representative compounds in the series. Deprotonated compounds are proposed to be the most important bound species owing to the significantly better agreement between their calculated and measured affinities compared to the protonated forms. FEP calculations were also used for the prediction of the affinities of compounds not previously tested as DAAO inhibitors and for a comparative structure-activity relationship study of the benzo[d]isoxazole and indazole series. Selected indazole derivatives were synthesized and their measured binding affinity towards DAAO was in good agreement with FEP predictions.

Published
2018

29. Correction to: Biological determinants of physical activity across the life course: a “Determinants of Diet and Physical Activity” (DEDIPAC) umbrella systematic literature review

Author

Aleksovska, Katina, primary, Puggina, Anna, additional, Giraldi, Luca, additional, Buck, Christoph, additional, Burns, Con, additional, Cardon, Greet, additional, Carlin, Angela, additional, Chantal, Simon, additional, Ciarapica, Donatella, additional, Colotto, Marco, additional, Condello, Giancarlo, additional, Coppinger, Tara, additional, Cortis, Cristina, additional, D’Haese, Sara, additional, De Craemer, Marieke, additional, Di Blasio, Andrea, additional, Hansen, Sylvia, additional, Iacoviello, Licia, additional, Issartel, Johann, additional, Izzicupo, Pascal, additional, Jaeschke, Lina, additional, Kanning, Martina, additional, Kennedy, Aileen, additional, Ling, Fiona, additional, Luzak, Agnes, additional, Napolitano, Giorgio, additional, Nazare, Julie-Anne, additional, Perchoux, Camille, additional, Pischon, Tobias, additional, Polito, Angela, additional, Sannella, Alessandra, additional, Schulz, Holger, additional, Sohun, Rhoda, additional, Steinbrecher, Astrid, additional, Schlicht, Wolfgang, additional, Ricciardi, Walter, additional, MacDonncha, Ciaran, additional, Capranica, Laura, additional, and Boccia, Stefania, additional

Published
2020
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34. The FLUXNET2015 dataset and the ONEFlux processing pipeline for eddy covariance data

Author

Pastorello, Gilberto, primary, Trotta, Carlo, additional, Canfora, Eleonora, additional, Chu, Housen, additional, Christianson, Danielle, additional, Cheah, You-Wei, additional, Poindexter, Cristina, additional, Chen, Jiquan, additional, Elbashandy, Abdelrahman, additional, Humphrey, Marty, additional, Isaac, Peter, additional, Polidori, Diego, additional, Reichstein, Markus, additional, Ribeca, Alessio, additional, van Ingen, Catharine, additional, Vuichard, Nicolas, additional, Zhang, Leiming, additional, Amiro, Brian, additional, Ammann, Christof, additional, Arain, M. Altaf, additional, Ardö, Jonas, additional, Arkebauer, Timothy, additional, Arndt, Stefan K., additional, Arriga, Nicola, additional, Aubinet, Marc, additional, Aurela, Mika, additional, Baldocchi, Dennis, additional, Barr, Alan, additional, Beamesderfer, Eric, additional, Marchesini, Luca Belelli, additional, Bergeron, Onil, additional, Beringer, Jason, additional, Bernhofer, Christian, additional, Berveiller, Daniel, additional, Billesbach, Dave, additional, Black, Thomas Andrew, additional, Blanken, Peter D., additional, Bohrer, Gil, additional, Boike, Julia, additional, Bolstad, Paul V., additional, Bonal, Damien, additional, Bonnefond, Jean-Marc, additional, Bowling, David R., additional, Bracho, Rosvel, additional, Brodeur, Jason, additional, Brümmer, Christian, additional, Buchmann, Nina, additional, Burban, Benoit, additional, Burns, Sean P., additional, Buysse, Pauline, additional, Cale, Peter, additional, Cavagna, Mauro, additional, Cellier, Pierre, additional, Chen, Shiping, additional, Chini, Isaac, additional, Christensen, Torben R., additional, Cleverly, James, additional, Collalti, Alessio, additional, Consalvo, Claudia, additional, Cook, Bruce D., additional, Cook, David, additional, Coursolle, Carole, additional, Cremonese, Edoardo, additional, Curtis, Peter S., additional, D’Andrea, Ettore, additional, da Rocha, Humberto, additional, Dai, Xiaoqin, additional, Davis, Kenneth J., additional, Cinti, Bruno De, additional, Grandcourt, Agnes de, additional, Ligne, Anne De, additional, De Oliveira, Raimundo C., additional, Delpierre, Nicolas, additional, Desai, Ankur R., additional, Di Bella, Carlos Marcelo, additional, Tommasi, Paul di, additional, Dolman, Han, additional, Domingo, Francisco, additional, Dong, Gang, additional, Dore, Sabina, additional, Duce, Pierpaolo, additional, Dufrêne, Eric, additional, Dunn, Allison, additional, Dušek, Jiří, additional, Eamus, Derek, additional, Eichelmann, Uwe, additional, ElKhidir, Hatim Abdalla M., additional, Eugster, Werner, additional, Ewenz, Cacilia M., additional, Ewers, Brent, additional, Famulari, Daniela, additional, Fares, Silvano, additional, Feigenwinter, Iris, additional, Feitz, Andrew, additional, Fensholt, Rasmus, additional, Filippa, Gianluca, additional, Fischer, Marc, additional, Frank, John, additional, Galvagno, Marta, additional, Gharun, Mana, additional, Gianelle, Damiano, additional, Gielen, Bert, additional, Gioli, Beniamino, additional, Gitelson, Anatoly, additional, Goded, Ignacio, additional, Goeckede, Mathias, additional, Goldstein, Allen H., additional, Gough, Christopher M., additional, Goulden, Michael L., additional, Graf, Alexander, additional, Griebel, Anne, additional, Gruening, Carsten, additional, Grünwald, Thomas, additional, Hammerle, Albin, additional, Han, Shijie, additional, Han, Xingguo, additional, Hansen, Birger Ulf, additional, Hanson, Chad, additional, Hatakka, Juha, additional, He, Yongtao, additional, Hehn, Markus, additional, Heinesch, Bernard, additional, Hinko-Najera, Nina, additional, Hörtnagl, Lukas, additional, Hutley, Lindsay, additional, Ibrom, Andreas, additional, Ikawa, Hiroki, additional, Jackowicz-Korczynski, Marcin, additional, Janouš, Dalibor, additional, Jans, Wilma, additional, Jassal, Rachhpal, additional, Jiang, Shicheng, additional, Kato, Tomomichi, additional, Khomik, Myroslava, additional, Klatt, Janina, additional, Knohl, Alexander, additional, Knox, Sara, additional, Kobayashi, Hideki, additional, Koerber, Georgia, additional, Kolle, Olaf, additional, Kosugi, Yoshiko, additional, Kotani, Ayumi, additional, Kowalski, Andrew, additional, Kruijt, Bart, additional, Kurbatova, Julia, additional, Kutsch, Werner L., additional, Kwon, Hyojung, additional, Launiainen, Samuli, additional, Laurila, Tuomas, additional, Law, Bev, additional, Leuning, Ray, additional, Li, Yingnian, additional, Liddell, Michael, additional, Limousin, Jean-Marc, additional, Lion, Marryanna, additional, Liska, Adam J., additional, Lohila, Annalea, additional, López-Ballesteros, Ana, additional, López-Blanco, Efrén, additional, Loubet, Benjamin, additional, Loustau, Denis, additional, Lucas-Moffat, Antje, additional, Lüers, Johannes, additional, Ma, Siyan, additional, Macfarlane, Craig, additional, Magliulo, Vincenzo, additional, Maier, Regine, additional, Mammarella, Ivan, additional, Manca, Giovanni, additional, Marcolla, Barbara, additional, Margolis, Hank A., additional, Marras, Serena, additional, Massman, William, additional, Mastepanov, Mikhail, additional, Matamala, Roser, additional, Matthes, Jaclyn Hatala, additional, Mazzenga, Francesco, additional, McCaughey, Harry, additional, McHugh, Ian, additional, McMillan, Andrew M. S., additional, Merbold, Lutz, additional, Meyer, Wayne, additional, Meyers, Tilden, additional, Miller, Scott D., additional, Minerbi, Stefano, additional, Moderow, Uta, additional, Monson, Russell K., additional, Montagnani, Leonardo, additional, Moore, Caitlin E., additional, Moors, Eddy, additional, Moreaux, Virginie, additional, Moureaux, Christine, additional, Munger, J. William, additional, Nakai, Taro, additional, Neirynck, Johan, additional, Nesic, Zoran, additional, Nicolini, Giacomo, additional, Noormets, Asko, additional, Northwood, Matthew, additional, Nosetto, Marcelo, additional, Nouvellon, Yann, additional, Novick, Kimberly, additional, Oechel, Walter, additional, Olesen, Jørgen Eivind, additional, Ourcival, Jean-Marc, additional, Papuga, Shirley A., additional, Parmentier, Frans-Jan, additional, Paul-Limoges, Eugenie, additional, Pavelka, Marian, additional, Peichl, Matthias, additional, Pendall, Elise, additional, Phillips, Richard P., additional, Pilegaard, Kim, additional, Pirk, Norbert, additional, Posse, Gabriela, additional, Powell, Thomas, additional, Prasse, Heiko, additional, Prober, Suzanne M., additional, Rambal, Serge, additional, Rannik, Üllar, additional, Raz-Yaseef, Naama, additional, Rebmann, Corinna, additional, Reed, David, additional, Dios, Victor Resco de, additional, Restrepo-Coupe, Natalia, additional, Reverter, Borja R., additional, Roland, Marilyn, additional, Sabbatini, Simone, additional, Sachs, Torsten, additional, Saleska, Scott R., additional, Sánchez-Cañete, Enrique P., additional, Sanchez-Mejia, Zulia M., additional, Schmid, Hans Peter, additional, Schmidt, Marius, additional, Schneider, Karl, additional, Schrader, Frederik, additional, Schroder, Ivan, additional, Scott, Russell L., additional, Sedlák, Pavel, additional, Serrano-Ortíz, Penélope, additional, Shao, Changliang, additional, Shi, Peili, additional, Shironya, Ivan, additional, Siebicke, Lukas, additional, Šigut, Ladislav, additional, Silberstein, Richard, additional, Sirca, Costantino, additional, Spano, Donatella, additional, Steinbrecher, Rainer, additional, Stevens, Robert M., additional, Sturtevant, Cove, additional, Suyker, Andy, additional, Tagesson, Torbern, additional, Takanashi, Satoru, additional, Tang, Yanhong, additional, Tapper, Nigel, additional, Thom, Jonathan, additional, Tomassucci, Michele, additional, Tuovinen, Juha-Pekka, additional, Urbanski, Shawn, additional, Valentini, Riccardo, additional, van der Molen, Michiel, additional, van Gorsel, Eva, additional, van Huissteden, Ko, additional, Varlagin, Andrej, additional, Verfaillie, Joseph, additional, Vesala, Timo, additional, Vincke, Caroline, additional, Vitale, Domenico, additional, Vygodskaya, Natalia, additional, Walker, Jeffrey P., additional, Walter-Shea, Elizabeth, additional, Wang, Huimin, additional, Weber, Robin, additional, Westermann, Sebastian, additional, Wille, Christian, additional, Wofsy, Steven, additional, Wohlfahrt, Georg, additional, Wolf, Sebastian, additional, Woodgate, William, additional, Li, Yuelin, additional, Zampedri, Roberto, additional, Zhang, Junhui, additional, Zhou, Guoyi, additional, Zona, Donatella, additional, Agarwal, Deb, additional, Biraud, Sebastien, additional, Torn, Margaret, additional, and Papale, Dario, additional

Published
2020
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38. Erfassung selbst berichteter kardiovaskulärer und metabolischer Erkrankungen in der NAKO Gesundheitsstudie: Methoden und erste Ergebnisse

Author

Jaeschke, Lina, primary, Steinbrecher, Astrid, additional, Greiser, Karin Halina, additional, Dörr, Marcus, additional, Buck, Thomas, additional, Linseisen, Jakob, additional, Meisinger, Christa, additional, Ahrens, Wolfgang, additional, Becher, Heiko, additional, Berger, Klaus, additional, Braun, Bettina, additional, Brenner, Hermann, additional, Castell, Stefanie, additional, Fischer, Beate, additional, Franzke, Claus-Werner, additional, Gastell, Sylvia, additional, Günther, Kathrin, additional, Hoffmann, Wolfgang, additional, Holleczek, Bernd, additional, Jagodzinski, Annika, additional, Kaaks, Rudolf, additional, Kluttig, Alexander, additional, Krause, Gérard, additional, Krist, Lilian, additional, Kuß, Oliver, additional, Lehnich, Anna-Therese, additional, Leitzmann, Michael, additional, Lieb, Wolfgang, additional, Löffler, Markus, additional, Michels, Karin B., additional, Mikolajczyk, Rafael, additional, Peters, Annette, additional, Schikowski, Tamara, additional, Schipf, Sabine, additional, Schmidt, Börge, additional, Schulze, Matthias, additional, Völzke, Henry, additional, Willich, Stefan N., additional, and Pischon, Tobias, additional

Published
2020
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39. Factors associated with habitual time spent in different physical activity intensities using multiday accelerometry

Author

Jaeschke, Lina, primary, Steinbrecher, Astrid, additional, Boeing, Heiner, additional, Gastell, Sylvia, additional, Ahrens, Wolfgang, additional, Berger, Klaus, additional, Brenner, Hermann, additional, Ebert, Nina, additional, Fischer, Beate, additional, Greiser, Karin Halina, additional, Hoffmann, Wolfgang, additional, Jöckel, Karl-Heinz, additional, Kaaks, Rudolf, additional, Keil, Thomas, additional, Kemmling, Yvonne, additional, Kluttig, Alexander, additional, Krist, Lilian, additional, Leitzmann, Michael, additional, Lieb, Wolfgang, additional, Linseisen, Jakob, additional, Löffler, Markus, additional, Michels, Karin B., additional, Obi, Nadia, additional, Peters, Annette, additional, Schipf, Sabine, additional, Schmidt, Börge, additional, Zinkhan, Melanie, additional, and Pischon, Tobias, additional

Published
2020
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42. Poststroke-Hypersomnie — ein Update

Author

Michael Flach and Andreas Steinbrecher

Subjects
Gynecology, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine, business
Abstract

Obwohl Schlafstorungen infolge eines Schlaganfalls haufig vorkommen, werden sie im medizinischen Alltag nur selten beachtet. Es sollte aktiv nach ihnen gefragt werden, da mehrere Studien ergeben haben, dass Schlafstorungen die Rekonvaleszenz nach einem Schlaganfall negativ beeinflussen.

Published
2017

43. Robustness of multi-mode control using tuned mass dampers for seismically excited structures

Author

Deepika Gill, Vasant Matsagar, Andreas Steinbrecher, Christian Schröder, and Said Elias

Subjects
Damping ratio, Engineering, business.industry, Stiffness, 020101 civil engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Building and Construction, Structural engineering, Mass ratio, Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology, 0201 civil engineering, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, Geophysics, 0203 mechanical engineering, Control theory, Robustness (computer science), Tuned mass damper, Excited state, medicine, Probability distribution, Mode control, medicine.symptom, business, Civil and Structural Engineering
Abstract

Robustness in multi-mode control of structures using tuned mass dampers (TMDs) is presented under seismic excitations. The robustness of the distributed multiple TMDs, i.e. d-MTMDs is compared with single TMD (STMD) and with multiple TMDs all installed at the top of the building (MTMDs-all.top). A 20-storey steel benchmark building subjected to earthquake ground motion is modeled, wherein stiffness and damping are considered with uncertainty in order to investigate the robustness of the STMD, MTMDs-all.top, and d-MTMDs. The d-MTMDs are distributed along the height of the building according to the mode shapes of the controlled and uncontrolled building. Monte-Carlo simulation is used to generate the uncertain stiffness and damping matrices of the 20-storey benchmark building. Parameters of the STMD, MTMDs-all.top, and d-MTMDs are optimized for each set of structural stiffness and damping matrices, and the probability distribution of the objective function is evaluated. The optimized parameters (mass ratio and damping ratio) are selected corresponding to the robust interval of the objective function calculated using the probability distribution. The results show that d-MTMDs perform satisfactorily even in the presence of the considered uncertainties and their performance is superior to that of the STMD and MTMDs-all.top in seismic response control of the structures.

Published
2017

44. Thermoneutral housing exacerbates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice and allows for sex-independent disease modeling

Author

Kerstin Stemmer, Rachel Sheridan, Shiva Kumar Shanmukhappa, Matthew J. Lawson, Rebekah Karns, Maria E. Moreno-Fernandez, Daniel A. Giles, C. Ronald Kahn, Monica Cappelletti, Samir Softic, Simon Graspeuntner, Senad Divanovic, Simon P. Hogan, Kris A. Steinbrecher, Christian Sina, Calvin C. Chan, Yoichiro Iwakura, Annika Sünderhauf, Traci E. Stankiewicz, David Wu, Damien Reynaud, Christopher L. Karp, Jared Klarquist, Jan Rupp, David B. Haslam, Bruce J. Aronow, and Rajib Mukherjee

Subjects
Male, 0301 basic medicine, Pathology, Cirrhosis, Disease, Chronic liver disease, Machine Learning, Pathogenesis, Mice, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, Medicine, Intestinal Mucosa, Mice, Knockout, Receptors, Interleukin-17, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Temperature, General Medicine, Flow Cytometry, Housing, Animal, 3. Good health, Cold Temperature, Jejunum, Disease Progression, Female, medicine.medical_specialty, Diet, High-Fat, Permeability, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Proinflammatory cytokine, 03 medical and health sciences, Sex Factors, Immune system, Stress, Physiological, Gram-Negative Bacteria, Animals, Humans, Obesity, Microbiome, Inflammation, business.industry, Gene Expression Profiling, nutritional and metabolic diseases, Hematopoietic Stem Cells, medicine.disease, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Toll-Like Receptor 4, Disease Models, Animal, 030104 developmental biology, Immunology, Corticosterone, business
Abstract

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a common prelude to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide. Defining the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of NAFLD has been hampered by a lack of animal models that closely recapitulate the severe end of the disease spectrum in humans, including bridging hepatic fibrosis. Here we demonstrate that a novel experimental model employing thermoneutral housing, as opposed to standard housing, resulted in lower stress-driven production of corticosterone, augmented mouse proinflammatory immune responses and markedly exacerbated high-fat diet (HFD)-induced NAFLD pathogenesis. Disease exacerbation at thermoneutrality was conserved across multiple mouse strains and was associated with augmented intestinal permeability, an altered microbiome and activation of inflammatory pathways that are associated with the disease in humans. Depletion of Gram-negative microbiota, hematopoietic cell deletion of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and inactivation of the IL-17 axis resulted in altered immune responsiveness and protection from thermoneutral-housing-driven NAFLD amplification. Finally, female mice, typically resistant to HFD-induced obesity and NAFLD, develop full disease characteristics at thermoneutrality. Thus, thermoneutral housing provides a sex-independent model of exacerbated NAFLD in mice and represents a novel approach for interrogation of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying disease pathogenesis.

Published
2017

47. Reversal of global atmospheric ethane and propane trends largely due to US oil and natural gas production

Author

Shalini Punjabi, S. Rossabi, Martin K. Vollmer, Louisa K. Emmons, Alastair C. Lewis, K. A. Masarie, Christian Plass-Duelmer, Jacques Hueber, P. Tans, Stefan Reimann, Andrea Pozzer, Stephen A. Montzka, James W. Hannigan, Kirk Thoning, Emmanuel Mahieu, Rainer Steinbrecher, Bruno Franco, Lucy J. Carpenter, Anja Claude, Detlev Helmig, and Dan Smale

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Northern Hemisphere, 010501 environmental sciences, Spatial distribution, Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, Methane, chemistry.chemical_compound, Hydrocarbon, chemistry, Propane, Atmospheric chemistry, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Environmental science, Tropospheric ozone, Air quality index, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

Atmospheric non-methane hydrocarbon concentrations began declining in the 1970s. Surface and column measurements show that Northern Hemisphere ethane concentrations are now rising, probably due to North American oil and natural gas emissions. Non-methane hydrocarbons such as ethane are important precursors to tropospheric ozone and aerosols. Using data from a global surface network and atmospheric column observations we show that the steady decline in the ethane mole fraction that began in the 1970s1,2,3 halted between 2005 and 2010 in most of the Northern Hemisphere and has since reversed. We calculate a yearly increase in ethane emissions in the Northern Hemisphere of 0.42 (±0.19) Tg yr−1 between mid-2009 and mid-2014. The largest increases in ethane and the shorter-lived propane are seen over the central and eastern USA, with a spatial distribution that suggests North American oil and natural gas development as the primary source of increasing emissions. By including other co-emitted oil and natural gas non-methane hydrocarbons, we estimate a Northern Hemisphere total non-methane hydrocarbon yearly emission increase of 1.2 (±0.8) Tg yr−1. Atmospheric chemical transport modelling suggests that these emissions could augment summertime mean surface ozone by several nanomoles per mole near oil and natural gas production regions. Methane/ethane oil and natural gas emission ratios could suggest a significant increase in associated methane emissions; however, this increase is inconsistent with observed leak rates in production regions and changes in methane’s global isotopic ratio.

Published
2016

48. Recommendations for Capacity Development in Water Resources Engineering and Environmental Management in Latin America

Author

Jürgen Steinbrecher, José Miguel Reichert, Helge Bormann, Julián Báez, Ingrid Althoff, Lisa Lugo, Hubert Roth, Carlos Frank, Miriam Fernanda Rodrigues, Manuela M. Portela, Ismael Sanchez, Carlos Huenchuleo, Ricardo Mata, and Mariana Gonzalez

Subjects
Capacity development, Latin Americans, business.industry, WATER MANAGEMENT, 0208 environmental biotechnology, Environmental resource management, Socioeconomic development, 02 engineering and technology, WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING, Public involvement, LATIN AMERICA, Ciencias de la Tierra y relacionadas con el Medio Ambiente, 020801 environmental engineering, Water resources, Vocational education, Risk communication, CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT, UNIVERSITIES, Meteorología y Ciencias Atmosféricas, business, Curriculum, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, Water Science and Technology, Civil and Structural Engineering
Abstract

Socioeconomic development often causes environmental and water related problems. Any solution requires knowledge, willingness and sufficient financial and technical means. Such capacity is limited in many developing and threshold countries. To identify opportunities for strengthening capacity in water and environmental management, we analysed University curricula, identified synergies between Universities and practice, explored the potential of vocational training and awareness raising, and developed regional concepts for risk communication. The results present ways how Universities can make capacity development in the water sector in Latin America more efficient. We recommend to modernize curricula, to strengthen vocational training, to intensify public involvement and cooperation with practice, and provide methodological advice for implementation. Fil: Bormann, Helge. Jade University of Applied Sciences; Alemania. University of Siegen; Alemania Fil: Steinbrecher, Jürgen. University of Siegen; Alemania Fil: Althoff, Ingrid. University of Siegen; Alemania Fil: Roth, Hubert. University of Siegen; Alemania Fil: Baez, Julian. Universidad Catolica Nuestra Señora de la Asuncion; Paraguay Fil: Frank, Carlos Francisco. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Bahía Blanca; Argentina Fil: Gonzalez, Mariana. Universidad Tecnológica Nacional. Facultad Regional Bahía Blanca; Argentina Fil: Huenchuleo, Carlos. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso; Chile Fil: Lugo, Lisa. Universidad Catolica Nuestra Señora de la Asuncion; Paraguay Fil: Mata, Ricardo. Universidad Centroamericana José Simeón Cañas; El Salvador Fil: Portela, Manuela M.. Universidade de Lisboa; Portugal Fil: Reichert, José M.. Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; Brasil Fil: Rodrigues, Miriam F.. Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; Brasil Fil: Sanchez, Ismael. Universidad Centroamericana José Simeón Cañas; El Salvador

Published
2016

50. Guanylate cyclase C reduces invasion of intestinal epithelial cells by bacterial pathogens

Author

Eleana Harmel-Laws, Kris A. Steinbrecher, and Surya Amarachintha

Subjects
Salmonella typhimurium, 0301 basic medicine, Salmonella, Guanylin, Receptors, Enterotoxin, lcsh:Medicine, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, digestive system, Article, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Animals, Humans, Mesenteric lymph nodes, Secretion, lcsh:Science, Pathogen, Mice, Knockout, Multidisciplinary, lcsh:R, Animal Structures, biology.organism_classification, Survival Analysis, Bacterial Load, Endocytosis, Disease Models, Animal, Enterocytes, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, chemistry, Caco-2, Salmonella enterica, Salmonella Infections, Cytokines, lcsh:Q, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Caco-2 Cells, Uroguanylin
Abstract

The guanylate cyclase C (GC-C) receptor regulates electrolyte and water secretion into the gut following activation by the E. coli enterotoxin STa, or by weaker endogenous agonists guanylin and uroguanylin. Our previous work has demonstrated that GC-C plays an important role in controlling initial infection as well as carrying load of non-invasive bacterial pathogens in the gut. Here, we use Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium to determine whether GC-C signaling is important in host defense against pathogens that actively invade enterocytes. In vitro studies indicated that GC-C signaling significantly reduces Salmonella invasion into Caco2-BBE monolayers. Relative to controls, GC-C knockout mice develop severe systemic illness following oral Salmonella infection, characterized by disrupted intestinal mucus layer, elevated cytokines and organ CFUs, and reduced animal survival. In Salmonella-infected wildtype mice, oral gavage of GC-C agonist peptide reduced host/pathogen physical interaction and diminished bacterial translocation to mesenteric lymph nodes. These studies suggest that early life susceptibility to STa-secreting enterotoxigenic E. coli may be counter-balanced by a critical role of GC-C in protecting the mucosa from non-STa producing, invasive bacterial pathogens.

Published
2018

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