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Two new isoflavones (1 and 2), as well as eight known ones were isolated from the roots of Sophora tonkinensis Gagnep. Compound 1 represents an unprecedented polymerization pattern constructed by isoflavone and cytisine. Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic data analysis, combined with ECD calculations. Compound 1 displayed significant anti-tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) activity compared with the positive control ningnanmycin. Moreover, compound 6 exhibited potent α-glucosidase inhibitory activity with IC50 value of 47.4 mg/L. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new dibenzocyclooctane lignans, schisanwilsonins H (1) and I (2), together with eight known compounds gomisin J (3), wulignan A1 (4), gomisin S (5), tigloylgomisin P (6), gomisin O (7), (-)-gomisin K1 (8), rubschisantherin (9) and wuweizisu C (10) were isolated from the 95% ethanol extract of the fruits of Schisandra wilsoniana. 7 exhibited anti-HBV activity with potency against HBsAg and HBeAg secretion by 37.1% and 32.6%, respectively, at 50 μg/ml. 10 exhibited anti-HIV activity with EC50 and therapeutic index (TI) values of 2.10 μg/ml and 11.98, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to investigate the latent Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection status of patients with newly diagnosed Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and to discuss the relationship between tumor cell EBV status and the prognosis of HL patients. A total of 134 previously untreated HL patients were analyzed in the study. Epstein–Barr virus encoded RNAs (EBERs) in situ hybridization was performed to detect the EBV status of tumor cells. EBV positive status correlated with sex (p=0.046) and the proportion of extranodal lesions(p=0.037). There was no obvious correlation between EBV status and overall survival (OS) or failure-free survival (FFS) in all cases, but in cases over 50 years old, EBV positive group had an inferior 5-year FFS compared with EBV negative group (38.5%±13.5% vs 90.9%±8.7%, p=0.012). In FFS multivariate analysis of this age subgroup, EBV positive status was associated with significantly inferior survival (HR, 10.10; 95% CI, 1.26–81.08; p=0.030). This study demonstrates positive tumor cell EBV status is an unfavorable prognostic factor in elder HL patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anti-complementary activity-guided fractionation led to the isolation of a new abietane diterpene (1) and twenty-five known compounds (2–26) from the twigs and leaves of Juniperus tibetica. All the compounds were isolated from J. tibetica for the first time. The structure of 1 was assigned by spectroscopic data and X-ray crystallography analysis. Five lignans (2, 3, 7, 9 and 10), two flavones (19 and 22), and one coumarin (23) exhibited anti-complementary activity with CH50 values ranging from 0.3 to 3.69 mM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fourteen glaucocalyxin A biotinylated derivatives, one glaucocalyxin C biotinylated derivative, and two oridonin biotinylated derivatives were designed and synthesized. Their structures were confirmed from 1H NMR, 13C NMR and HRMS data. The derivatives were evaluated for cytotoxic activities against lung (A549), cervical cancer cell line HeLa derivative (KB), multidrug-resistant KB subline (KB-VIN), triple-negative breast (MDA-MB-231), and estrogen receptor-positive breast (MCF-7) cancer cell lines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel dimeric flavonol glycoside, Cynanflavoside A (1), together with six analogues, kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), quercetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-xylopyranoside (4), quercetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-xylopyranoside (5), kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (6), and quercetin-3-O-galactoside (7) were isolated from the n-butyl alcohol extract of Cynanchum acutum subsp. sibiricum. Their structures were determined spectroscopically and compared with previously reported spectral data. All compounds were evaluated for their anti-complementary activity in vitro, and only compound 5 exhibited anti-complement effects with CH50 value of 0.33 mM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Activity-guided fractionation for complement inhibitors led to the isolation of 22 known compounds from Viola kunawarensis. Chemical types include six sterol compounds, three coumarin compounds, five megastigmane compounds, two triterpenoid compounds, two phenylpropanoid compounds, one chlorophyll, one amide, and two lipid compounds. Among which, two sterols (stigmasta-4-ene-3β,6β-diol and saringosterone), one amide (aurantiamide acetate) and a norsesquiterpenoid (solalyratin B) exhibited better anti-complementary effects with CH50 values ranging from 0.02 to 0.08 mM, which are plausible candidates for developing potent anti-complementary agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phytochemical investigation on the stems ofKadsura renchangianaled to the isolation of two new sesquiterpenoids, renchangianins F and G (1and2). Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including 2D NMR techniques. Thein vitrocytotoxic activities of the isolates were studied against HepG2, A549, and LN229 cancer cell lines. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Activity-guided fractionation for complement inhibitors led to the isolation of 24 known compounds from Anchusa italica. Chemical types include eight megastigmane compounds, five triterpenoid compounds, five lignan compounds, three flavonoid compounds, two alkaloid compounds and one phenthyl alcohol compound. Among which, a lignan (medioresinol), an alkaloid (5-hydroxypyrrolidin-2-one) and a flavonoid (5-hydroxyl-3', 4', 6, 7-tetramethoxy flavone) exhibited better anticomplementary effects with CH50 values ranging from 0.07 to 0.82 mM, which are plausible candidates for developing potent anticomplementary agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Activity-guided fractionation for complement inhibitors led to the isolation of 23 known compounds from Houttuynia cordata Thunb. Seven flavonoids, two alkaloids, one coumarin and two phenols showed anti-complementary activity. Preliminary inhibitory mechanism of four flavonoids, including quercitrin, afzelin, isoquercitrin and quercetin in the complement activation cascade were examined for the first time. The results indicated that the target components of flavonols are different from those of flavonosides, and the glycoside moieties may be necessary to block C3 and C4 components. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context: The diethyl ether extract of the stems of Schisandra pubescens Hemsl. et Wils. (Schisandraceae) was found to exhibit cytotoxic activity in vitro. However, investigations of the bioactive constituents of this plant have been very limited. Objective: Elucidation of the cytotoxic constituents of S. pubescens was performed. Methods: Repeated silica gel column chromatography and preparative TLC were used for the chemical investigation of the diethyl ether extract of S. pubescens stems. All isolates were evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxicity against A549, PC-3, KB and KBvin human cancer cell lines. Results: Nine known compounds were obtained, including four lignans, epischisandrone ( 1), tigloylgomisin P ( 2), cagayanone ( 3) and (−)-gomisin L2 ( 4), together with five triterpenoids, micranoic acid B ( 5), lancifodilactone H ( 6), coccinic acid ( 7), schisanlactone B ( 8) and anwuweizonic acid ( 9). Compounds 2- 6 and 8 showed moderate to marginal cytotoxicity, with GI50 values of 11.83-35.65 μM. Conclusion: The isolation of 1- 9 from S. pubescens and the cytotoxicities of 3- 6 are first reported. Compounds 2- 6 and 8 could be the active principles responsible for the anticancer effects of S. pubescens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The polysaccharide B3-PS1 was extracted and purified from Herba Scutellariae Barbatae ( Scutellaria barbata D. Don), through bioactivity-guided fractionation. Average molecular weight of B3-PS1 was about 1,700,000 Da with a composition of Gal, Glc, Man and Ara in the ratio of 4.3:1.6:1.1:1.0, and trace of Rha, Fuc and Xyl. Preliminary data showed that 1) B3-PS1 inhibited complement activation of the classic pathway with CH50 value of 0.12 ± 0.02 mg/ml and of the alternative pathways with AP50 value of 0.36 ± 0.05 mg/ml; 2) B3-PS1 interacts with C1q, C1r, C1s, C2, C3, C4, C5 and C9 through a hemolytic assay. These results strongly suggested that B3-PS1 could be a potential candidate in treating those complement-associated diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, Alzheimer’s disease, and Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We captured free-ranging male Yangtze finless porpoises over three seasons and assayed leukocytes and serum biochemistry to investigate physiological responses to the capture and handlings. Serum thyroid hormones (THs) declined sharply in those porpoises compared with hormone variation in a captive male finless porpoise. Hypernatremia and hypokalemia were also significant in the free-ranging animals suggesting that conservation of serum sodium might be acutely vital for this freshwater subspecies. The animals captured in spring showed more significant neutrophilia and eosinopenia than those captured in autumn suggesting that they may be more affected by capture during the breeding season. Furthermore, physical examination of porpoises when out of the water was apparently stressful, particularly when they were kept out of the water for longer periods. However, an increase in circulating THs may be an adaptive response to accommodate these short-term stresses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new dibenzocyclooctadiene lignan, kadsutherin D (1), together with 12 known lignans, kadsurin (2), heteroclitin C (3), interiotherin C (4), schisanlignone A (5), binankadsurin A (6), angeloyl binankadsurin A (7), gomisin U (8), heteroclitin D (9), interiorin (10), schiarisanrin C (11), heteroclitin G (12) and meso-dihydroguaiaretic acid (13) were isolated from the stems of Kadsura species. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including 2D-NMR techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From the stems of Kadsura rechangiana, a new triterpenoid lactone named renchanglactone A (1), was isolated together with four known triterpenoids, kadsulactone A, mawuweizic acid, ganwuweizic acid and kadsuric acid. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods including 2D-NMR techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three new flavonoids isoprenylated as 2,2-dimethyl-dihydropyran groups, named sophoranodichromanes A-C ( 1 - 3 ), have been isolated from the roots of Sophora flavescens , together with the known compounds, chrysophanol ( 4 ), soyasapogenol B ( 5 ) and β-sitosterol ( 6 ). Their structures have been elucidated by spectroscopic methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]