Search

Urtica angustifolia Fisch. ex Hornem. is an important Chinese medicine. Here, the complete chloroplast genome of U. angustifolia was assembled and characterized. The length of the chloroplast genome was 146,679 bp with the typical quadripartite structure, containing two inverted repeats (IRs) of 24,595 bp separated by a large single-copy (LSC) region of 79,820 bp and a small single-copy (SSC) region of 17,669 bp. The whole chloroplast genome of U. angustifolia contains 111 genes, including 77 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNA genes, and 4 rRNA genes. Nucleotide variability analysis identified three hotspot regions (trnK-rps16, ndhF-rps32, and ycf1b) for genomic divergence and 52 simple sequence repeats. Phylogenetic analysis based on the complete chloroplast genomes exhibited that U. angustifolia formed a clade with Urtica lobatifolia and Hesperocnide tenella. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Root nutrients are required for the growth and development of roots and shoots, which are closely related to soil quality and fruit productivity. In this study, trees of contrasting stand ages, including young, middle-aged, and old trees, were selected in field sites with common management practices in the navel orange (Citrus sinensis) orchards of Southern China. The fine root N decreased with soil depth and the fine root P was higher of old trees (1.82 g kg-1) than young (1.57 g.kg-1) and middle-aged trees (1.37 g. kg-1). Soil organic C, total N, and P generally increased with plant age in the rhizosphere and bulk soils, while reverse trend was found for sucrase and urease activities. Interestingly, acid phosphatase activity was much higher at a lower depth (202 and 82 g.kg-1 OC d-1 for rhizosphere and bulk soils, respectively) than at an upper depth (46 and 43 g.kg-1 OC d-1 for rhizosphere and bulk soils, respectively). In conclusion, root and soil nutrients generally increased with plant growth. Fine root N decreased while fine root P remained unchanged with soil depth due to the content and rhizosphere effect of index at different soil layers related to N and P, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chloroplast genome sequences have been used in phylogenetic and population genetics studies. Here, we assembled the chloroplast genome of Piper hancei Maxim. that is a traditional Chinese medicine. The genome length was 161,476 bp and included a pair of inverted repeats of 27,058 bp, a large single-copy region of 89,144 bp and a small single-copy region of 18,216 bp. It contained 113 different genes, including 79 protein-coding genes, 30 transfer RNA (tRNA), and four ribosomal RNA genes. Moreover, we also identified 82 SSRs. The phylogenetic inference based on the whole chloroplast genome of 20 taxa showed P. hancei was sister to P. kadsura. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we successfully assembled and analyzed the chloroplast genome of Engelhardtia fenzlii. The chloroplast genome of E. fenzlii was very similar to those of other Juglandaceae species. The E. fenzlii chloroplast genome is 161,713 bp in length and displays the typical quadripartite structure, which consists of a pair of IR regions (26,016 bp) separated by an LSC region (90,478 bp) and an SSC region (19,203 bp). The chloroplast genome of E. fenzlii contained a total of 112 unique genes, including 78 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNAs, and 4 rRNAs. Phylogenetic analysis based on the complete chloroplast genomes showed that Engelhardtia formed a monophyletic clade and E. fenzlii was sister to E. roxburghiana. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]