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In the adaptation of innovations, journalists often reflect on areas of concern that can lead to subsequent selection, a strategic process of diminishing the practice of a routine. Through the lens of normalization process theory and structuration theory, this article explores how journalists reflexively monitor innovations. The article also elaborates on the ways journalists evaluate disruptive circumstances that can lead them to select routines for denormalization. Using 44 interviews with journalists from the United States, this study argues that reflexive monitoring occurs through collaborations with audiences: a key to helping re-center journalists on the viability of a routine with existing commitments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although liminal theory explains transitional periods in consumers' lives – such as preadolescence – the impact of these transitions on emotionally connected actors and the transformations that the latter endure have been largely overlooked. Through a qualitative study of the mothers of preteen girls, we show that liminality spills over and that mothers transform from fully needed to authoritative-friendly moms. During this process, these mothers engage in spilled-over liminal consumption (SOLC), which comprehends concomitantly loosely and creatively crafted rituals and new and re-signified routines. However, amid the process of assuming a new mother's role and helping their daughters' transformation, these mothers unreflectively reinforce traditional gender norms. Based on our findings, we discuss the process of SOLC and how it ends in reproducing gender and class-based stereotypes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By anatomising Laruen's performance piece — Body Time in DeLillo's The Body Artist, this essay rereads her piece not merely as a response to personal loss, but rather, evolving contemplation on an uncertain existence of which death is only an episode. Staging three socially invisible bodies and their respective daily routines, Lauren goes beyond the private realm of personal loss to address in a broader context the lure of mechanical repetition bred by a routine-dictated life and to spotlight the universality of irregularities. As manifested by its excruciating monthslong gestation period, the three bodies featured in the piece are inextricably interweaved to unveil different ways to approach routines and irregularities. Body Time thus foregrounds a grieving artist's trial and error process with routines and her ambitious artistic venture to approach an uncertain existence contingent on irregularities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Routines are an essential aspect of innovation processes as all new ideas must be implemented into daily routines to work. Previously, public management theory has understood routines as barriers to innovation that constrain collaboration due to inertia. This study aims to introduce a new understanding of routines as a precondition for innovation processes. By employing organizational theory and public management theory, we investigate routines through the micro-processes involved. Based on findings from an ethnographic fieldwork study involving the introduction of at-home chemotherapy, we suggest a rethinking of the notion of routines by explicating intra- and inter-organizational interactions and value creation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Absorptive Capacity (ACAP) helps firms acquire, assimilate, and utilise new knowledge. Drawing on crucial managerial perspectives, this study employs a Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM) to scrutinise the various dimensions of ACAP (e.g. routines versus extra work, organisational culture, leadership, and the trustworthiness of knowledge sources) concerning market knowledge and knowledge creation outcomes (e.g. knowledge creation activities and firm's private knowledge) among small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Thailand. The findings indicate that all dimensions, with the exception of extra work, contribute significantly to the augmentation of firm-specific knowledge. However, only routines and knowledge-oriented leadership demonstrate a positive association with knowledge-creation activities. The results suggested that managers and top executives of SMEs should emphasise non-financial rewards more, create knowledge learning routines, and support the learning culture to enhance the ACAP for market knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In spite of its common use, professionalism is not a self-explanatory concept in the field of journalism studies. Even though there is an already extensive literature on this issue, what its basic elements are and how they can be assessed are still subject of debate. In order to contribute to this discussion, the article proposes a conceptual model that integrates four categories: routines, orientation, autonomy, and training. The proposal made here builds on previous knowledge, and attempts to strengthen the problematisation of this topic. For the purpose of testing how applicable this approach is on the field and, hence, empirically refine the proposed concept, the inquiry draws on 21 semi-structured interviews with Mexican journalists who work for quality news organisations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this article is to relate the concepts of routines and emerging properties to understand how organizational processes, characterized by the use of similar routines, produce unforeseen and different results among firms. The analysis starts from the recognition that the organization is a complex structure, constructed of heterogeneous and adaptive parts that present relations of interdependence. Based on the interaction between these parties, it is possible to observe the emergence of behavior routines that are disseminated among other firms, making possible not only the reproduction of the organization, but also the generalization of these patterns for sectors of economic activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The build quality of new UK homes is negatively affected by poor quality management practices during the construction process. By implementing stringent quality management (QM) standards, housebuilders can improve build quality but implementing these organization-wide changes relies on housebuilder staff, designers and sub-contractors learning new working practices. This paper explores the tensions which emerge within housebuilders, as they implement new QM procedures. A longitudinal qualitative case study was conducted, where time was spent with housebuilder staff in three regional offices, two years apart. Methods include participant observation, semi-structured interviews and a review of organizational documentation. The findings highlight several learning paradoxes which arise at different stages of the housebuilding process and show how actors manage (or cope with) these paradoxes through their daily practices. This includes processes of simplifying and applying, improvising and problem-solving and aggregating and analyzing. Whilst these either-or approaches enable staff to resolve the immediate tensions that arise from different organizational processes, they often fail to meet longer-term learning objectives, detrimentally affecting build quality over time. Without structural changes to the way volume housebuilders annually report to both the UK Government and their shareholders, organizations in the UK housebuilding sector face challenges in reconciling different learning processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to be a public health concern, with important impacts on individuals' mental health. Many people have experienced significant changes to their daily routines due to the pandemic and for some, returning to pre-pandemic routines could create elevated stress. The present study explored factors associated with stress about returning to pre-pandemic routines (SRPR). A web-based, cross-sectional survey of 1,001 Canadian adults aged 18 years and older was conducted on July 9–13, 2021. SRPR was assessed by asking the respondents how much stress they have been feeling about returning to their pre-pandemic routines. Sociodemographic variables, anxiety, depression, loneliness, and COVID-19-related worry were examined in relation to SRPR. Overall, 28.8% of respondents reported moderate to extreme SRPR. After adjusting for covariates, factors associated with elevated SRPR included: younger age (AOR = 2.29, 95%CI 1.30–4.03), higher education (AOR = 2.08, 95%CI 1.14–3.79), being very worried about getting COVID-19 (AOR = 4.14, 95%CI 2.46–6.95), switching to working from home (AOR = 2.43, 95%CI 1.44–4.11), having anxiety (AOR = 5.02, 95%CI 3.19–7.89), feeling depressed (AOR = 1.93, 95%CI 1.14–3.25), and feeling lonely (AOR = 1.74, 95%CI 1.07–2.83). The findings of this study suggest that individuals experiencing mental health concerns (anxiety, feeling depressed, feeling lonely) may be especially likely to feel elevated SRPR and may therefore need additional support in making the transition back to prior routines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the tensions in Turkish–Israeli relations during the 2010s as well as prospects and challenges of normalisation from an ontological security perspective. Emphasising the role of conflicts in the provision of ontological security, it illustrates how frictions with Israel and attachment to the Palestinian issue serve the identity needs of Turkey's political elites and provides additional avenues for responding to legitimacy challenges. The article suggests that comprehensive normalisation of relations remains elusive and uncertain despite recent positive steps as this may engender ontological insecurity for both countries and can lead to a backlash towards hostile identities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with conventionalised emotive formulas for the expression of outrage, annoyance, astonishment and surprise. The empirical basis consists of emotive formulas from the dialogue passages in the detective novel ‚Im Wald' by Nele Neuhaus and in its translation into Polish by Anna Urban and Miłosz Urban. The following paper focuses on two research questions: 1) What formulas are used to signal emotions such as outrage, annoyance, astonishment and surprise in dialogues in the literary text in German? 2) How are these formulas translated into Polish? Thus, the aim of the paper is, first of all, to collect emotive formulas expressing the mentioned emotions and to present the problems in their translation. The qualitative analysis of the research material was performed using MAXQDA software. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Journalists in democratically "free" countries have faced harassment from those external to the newsroom for decades, though that has recently increased in the United States by many accounts. To assess the effects of such harassment in the United States, 32 journalists were interviewed and more than 500 surveyed about their experiences with harassment, and how it has affected their professional work. Journalists' emotions, gender, and the frequency at which they experience harassment were predictors of affect-driven work behaviors such as avoiding interviewing someone, being less active on social media, and even considering leaving journalism. Younger journalists were also more likely to engage in affect-driven work behaviors. Harassment also affected journalists' work attitude of job satisfaction—specifically incivility and disruptive harassment. This type of harassment is likely to decrease job satisfaction while supervisor support and larger organizational size are likely to increase satisfaction. In sum, harassment from viewers, readers, and strangers affects how journalists act and think about their work. This research adds to literature on Affective Events Theory by highlighting harassment from organizational outsiders (readers, viewers, and strangers) as an affective event with significant affect-driven behaviors and attitudes. Furthermore, there are practical implications for practitioners discussed at the end of this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Engagement in complex, challenging and multifaceted model-eliciting activities is considered helpful for preparing learners for everyday life. The current study seeks to trace the evolution of modelling routines during two model-eliciting activities. To identify how these routines emerged and evolved, we video-recorded a group of five prospective teachers as they worked on two model-eliciting activities. We then transcribed the recordings and analysed the prospective teachers' discussion using the lens of learning as routinization. Specifically, in the participants' work on the two model-eliciting activities, we identified three routines that emerged and evolved during their discussion. The main routine focused on integrating all the components provided to create a model. The other routines entailed assigning values to numerical and qualitative data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to analyse journalists' routines and decision-making in gathering and publishing death-related visuals. Empirical data were collected by analysing visuals published in two cases: the death of a teen, and a person who had a mental illness. We conducted eight in-depth interviews with people involved in publishing the visuals. The data showed no guidelines in the newsroom of how journalists should act when covering sensitive topics. Although producing or publishing the visuals depended on various beliefs and professional norms of people involved, the reporter as the last link in the chain had to take responsibility for the visuals. Yet, reporters usually did not get to choose how the visuals were produced. The lack of instructions and internal agreements led to relying on routines that did not consider the ethical aspects of covering sensitive topics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A conventional consensus on organizational change is the momentum view, which claims that prior changes of a given kind increase the probability of a subsequent change of the same kind. This consensus has been recently challenged by the deceleration view, which argues that prior changes decrease the probability of a subsequent change. By making a distinction between experienced changes and internalized changes, this study postulates that the two views complement and coexist with each other. A change of a given kind is less likely to occur with more experienced changes of the same kind, while it is more likely to occur with more internalized changes of the same kind. This integrated view is supported in a sample of 477 U.S. local governments making decisions about whether to outsource public services during 1982–2007. This study also looks into how relatedness to internalized changes affected the occurrence of a subsequent change of the same kind. The impact of operational relatedness was positive at an early time and increasingly negative in the long run. The impact of skill relatedness, however, was positive and steadily increased as time went on. MAD statement An important debate on organizational change is how prior changes of a given kind affect the probability of a subsequent change of the same kind. Whereas the momentum view claims that prior changes breed a subsequent change, the deceleration view contends that prior changes prevent a subsequent change. By distinguishing between experienced and internalized changes, this study argues and demonstrates, with a sample of U.S. local governments, that the two views complement and coexist with each other. A change is less likely to occur with more experienced changes, while it is more likely to occur with more internalized changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Guided by the transactional theory of stress and coping, this study documents and examines how journalists in Singapore experienced covering the COVID-19 pandemic. Through an interview with 22 journalists, this study finds a variation in how journalists experienced covering the crisis, and how changes in their work routines shaped such experiences. Forced to work from home, many journalists experienced a blurring of work and home boundaries. An important determinant of their experience is how well they were are able to cope, and the interviewees underscored the importance of organizational support in their coping process. These experiences and coping processes, however, were also shaped by their work status. While those working for mainstream organizations received sufficient support, freelancers and those affiliated with small media startups had a different experience, as COVID-19 magnified pre-existing disparities among journalists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article investigates how service companies might engage frontline employees in transforming a market vision into a new service routine. This is a major challenge given the separation between those making decisions at the managerial level and those interacting with customers, ultimately enabling the service experience. Through interviews and observations, we capture the mechanisms and practices that emerged in an in-depth case study of a radical service innovation anchored in a new market vision. Our findings show that frontline employee engagement in the innovation process has to be triggered by managers, thereafter unfolding naturally in cycles of proactive behaviour and experimentation. The emerging routinisation process allows transitioning from the definition of a new vision to new routines through guiding and building on employees' experience and proactive behaviour, institutionalising the new practices that ultimately lead to radical service innovation. This study contributes to the service innovation literature by merging two very different sources of knowledge, namely vague, intangible, and radically new visions, and practical and tacit frontline employee experiences usually associated with incremental innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing on evidence from participant observation and semi-structured interviews undertaken in the period 2011–2014, this paper explores the social life of café culture in Prishtina, Kosova. It focuses on everyday coffee drinking practices as an embodiment of civility, morality and identity, and provides a view of what constitutes café culture and how social identities are formed and shaped within/around/outside/in relation to cafés. It also highlights how values, norms, and identities are contested, negotiated and also reproduced in regular café-going in Prishtina. The focus shifts to spaces, routines, practices, ordinary events, as well as the constant discussion of café culture. Finally, it discusses how cafés have become social settings where the established codes of hospitality with their inherent demand for reciprocal conviviality are at play. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper utilises a form of Action Research, known as the 'Constructive Research Approach' (CRA), to explore how project teams could engender the development of process improvement (PI) routines in a higher education context. The methodology of Mediated Discourse Analysis (MDA), an ethnographic approach to researching practice, is used to trace the development of PI routines over time. The findings showed that process owners and actors who were engaged because of 'power' of an initial pre-project Kaizen event, then became more passive participants in the ensuing traditional improvement project, with reduced performances of the PI routines. The main contrition stemming from the work was the abduction of a hybrid model of participatory engagement, that of a 'Kaizen series'. This extended series of events affords the development of two key routines, 'the working with a process map' and the process analysis routine, by increasing opportunity for actors to perform these routines both within and between events, and by balancing the facilitation and empowerment routines. In addition, the Kaizen series is not dependent on any individual PI methodology. The resulting Kaizen series offers PI practitioners an opportunity to blend the best aspects of two different modes of engagement, Kaizen events and project improvement teams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to explore the psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the Child Routines Questionnaire: Preschool (CRQ:P), a parent-report measure developed to assess daily routines specific to preschool-age children. Participants included 208 parents of preschool children (Mage= 3.97 years old; SD = 0.95; 53.4% boys). Parents also completed measures of family routines (mealtimes) and children's social skills. A confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated that the original CRQ:P five-factor structure did not fit to the data and the subsequent exploratory factor analysis suggested a three-factor solution (Daily Living, Education/Positive Attention and Discipline), accounting for 33.36% of the total variance. Cronbach's alpha reliability was very good for the Total scale (α =.84), and acceptable-to-good for the three subscales (α range =.68 to.79). Preliminary evidence of validity was shown by weak positive correlations between children's and family mealtime routines. Also, routines predicted children's social skills. Differences were found in discipline routines between younger and older children. The results provide initial evidence that the Portuguese version of the CRQ:P is a promising assessment tool that can be used in clinical practice and future empirical research focused on preschool-age children's routines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social science risk studies often begin with one of two starting points: a particular risk, such as that of natural or technical disasters, or, alternately, with the individual experiencing risk. But risk may not be the guiding concept for how people act in the social world. This article explores how social practice theory broadens the possible starting points for social science risk research and in turn improve our understanding of risk. It does so by drawing on existing empirical studies within risk research that make use of practice-oriented theories and outline three essential arguments for practice-based risk research. First, that risk is understood as embedded in socially shared practices, second, that risk is routinised, and third, that risk is present in both social and material relations. Together, these arguments make out an analytical starting point of ‘practices of interest and intersecting practices’, representing a methodological situationalism, where actions rather than actors are at the core of research. In conclusion, a sensibility for practice in risk research is suggested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Somerset Levels and Moors comprise low-lying farmland in south-west England, prone to seasonal flooding. The area suffered uncommonly severe floods in 2012 and 2013/2014, triggering high-profile debates about the area's long-term future. The article focuses on the experiences of the floods in one village, Muchelney. Drawing on mixed methods, this interdisciplinary study examines physical and social routines, and how these were disrupted, adapted or reinforced. Indications of adaptability, resourcefulness and hierarchy emerge. The examination of routines draws on modest material representations sought out after the events took place, to illustrate how the floods submerged the landscape's physical geometry and disrupted mobility, but also presented new conduits. Within the trauma of isolation and inundation, prolonged media scrutiny revealed a range of gendered, hierarchical and uncomfortable social experiences that complement evidence of a resilient community pulling together and learning to cope among the upending of normal life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A family's health is sustained by its occupational patterns. While it is commonly accepted that a health condition places extra demands on a family's time or can limit daily occupations, few studies have reported on the occupational patterns of these families. This scoping review provides an overview of the current state of research exploring occupational patterns of families living with a health condition. Publications between 2000 and 2018 indexed in CINAHL, PsycInfo, Medline and Scopus databases were searched. Seventy-seven studies were included in the final content analysis. Findings suggest that families' occupational patterns are more complex than simply the sum of individual and shared occupational patterns, but consist of interconnected relational aspects of occupations, rarely highlighted in studies. Moreover, testimonies tend to be predominantly from the mother's perspectives, thereby limiting the scope of understanding of the interdependent nature of families' occupational patterns. To better understand the complexity and interdependence of families' occupational patterns, future studies should examine multiple perspectives (parents and children) when studying occupations in a family setting. This can be enabled by the use of a variety of data collection methodologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This qualitative study sought to understand how journalists' gatekeeping role, routines, and practices of communication work have been impacted by police use of social media such as Facebook. Semi-structured topical interviews were conducted with eleven broadcast newsroom staff. Overall, findings suggest that police use of Facebook has made newsroom routines easier in many cases, but it is also leading journalists away from gatekeeping and towards passivity and curation. In addition, findings suggest social media use by official sources is shifting gatekeeping power from journalists to police as departments are now able to gatecrash and circumvent the press. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

COVID-19 pandemic has altered women's mental health as a consequence of the global threat and the lockdown measures adopted by public health policies. It has been suggested that women are at a higher risk for mood alterations, but most of the studies are cross-sectional or have only considered the first days of the confinement in their longitudinal designs. The present study was aimed at evaluating temporal changes in anxiety and depression in a general sample of 155 non-infected adult Spanish women after a complete quarantine. It also explored the predictive role of personality, the establishment of new routines and physical activity during lockdown in a pre-post design assessing temporal and clinical mood changes after 5 weeks of lockdown. Logistic regression analyses showed that higher neuroticism and depressive levels at baseline, lower routines engagement, and lower physical activity during lockdown predicted depression caseness, whereas anxiety caseness was best predicted by higher neuroticism, more days of lockdown and greater anxiety symptoms at baseline. It is concluded that lockdown duration, increased neuroticism and baseline levels of anxiety and depression are risk factors for women's mental health, while routines and physical activity emerge as protective factors for managing psychological wellbeing during the pandemic lockdowns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using Giddens's structuration theory, this study examines how the routinized use of traditional and new media platforms differently align with the structures of everyday life. We analyzed data from a quantitative diary study in Germany to find that new media platforms specifically affect societal structuration by blurring the lines between obligations and leisure time. The part played by routines in the use of new media platforms was less strongly connected to clock time compared to traditional media platforms. Consequently, the findings indicate both a vanishing potential for media platform use as a social zeitgeber and the relevance of rules as structuring elements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Securing urban freshwater supplies is a major challenge for policy makers globally. This study investigated the determinants of household water conservation to identify the relative contribution of psychosocial and behavioural determinants. Using a survey of 1196 households across the UK, we found that attitudes, norms and habits play an important role in determining intention to conserve water, and that habits were the single most important predictor of water conservation intentions and self-reported water bills. Changing ingrained water conservation habits is therefore an important component of managing urban water demand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

#isolationartviews photographically documents views from a Brighton window over 60 days of the UK first Covid national lock down. It records, reflects and comments upon the social interactions and routines of a seagull, local people and visitors to the artists block during the period of isolation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During 2014–2016 Ebola epidemic, many West African countries experienced perennial outbreaks of various infectious diseases. Given the geographic dynamics of disease outbreaks in the region, it seems obvious that research on risk communication needs to contemplate how these countries manage risk communication about simultaneously occurring infectious diseases. Yet, this is missing in risk communication scholarship. I draw on insights from the social amplification of risk framework to assess how three amplification stations responded to risk signals about proximate Ebola and cholera outbreaks in 2014 in Ghana. Based on in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with risk communicators, media workers, and community members, I argue that the differing individual and social experiences of Ebola and cholera in Ghana were shaped by historical, religious, socio-cultural, and institutional processing of risk signals, which guided judgements about risks. This study contributes to the literature on the social amplification of risk framework and risk and crisis communication by showing how the context of an impending crisis can lead to a health crisis for a preventable and treatable disease through the amplification and attenuation of risks signals. The study recommends the inclusion of lay people perspectives in the development of risk and crisis communication campaigns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper summarizes almost two decades of applying the newsmaking reconstruction method for studying numerous aspects of news processes. The suggested methodology can overcome the shortcomings of traditional methods in changing and decreasingly observable news environments. While suiting a wide array of theories, newsmaking reconstructions are especially built to address the strategies and priorities of practice theory, and its inclusive desire to avoid a priori definitions of practice that curtail the studied terrain. In newsmaking reconstructions, journalists (or other key-newsmakers) are asked to recreate – step by step – how they produced a specific sample of recently published items, systematically covering sources, technologies, practices, evaluations, relationships, and so forth. To avoid a methodological recipe-book tone, the paper suggests not only practical guidelines and tips for scholars who consider using reconstructions, but also a review of more than two dozen studies that used this method in different news contexts and the insights of three researchers who implemented reconstructions in their recent studies. For the first time, the paper compares quantitative and qualitative reconstructions, reflecting on the importance of studying practices and processes in journalism and other disciplines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Current research argues that the most prominent models of group development (the linear stage model and the punctuated equilibrium model) are simply different lenses for studying the same phenomenon. We argue that the two models are distinct (groups do not simultaneously follow both models) and that the key to understanding their use lies in routines. We studied six newly formed groups whose members came from the same organization that worked on similar projects over a seven-week period. Three groups worked nonmediated and three groups used a collaboration technology that was new to them. The three nonmediated groups followed the punctuated equilibrium model and the three collaboration technology groups followed the stage model. We argue that groups that enact the shared routines common in their organizations will experience a different group development path than those groups whose shared routines are disrupted and which must adapt to a new technology. When group members enact shared routines (which they may share due to having a common organizational culture), they can quickly begin work, and group development follows the punctuated equilibrium model. When groups cannot enact shared routines, they must first negotiate how they will work before work can begin, so group development follows the stage model. Thus, the introduction of new collaboration technology (or any new technology or work process) influences how group development occurs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article illustrates some of the practices that turn young student men into political activists. It shows how everyday routine practices bring order and meaning to a social field of hierarchical competition and conflict amongst young men at Dhaka University. The focus is on those practices that make and shape the organisations everyday, involving and bringing people together in a collective of activism and exclude others. Routines continuously reconstruct relations of hierarchy, organisational order and operation, which on one hand, transform individuals from students into activists, on the other hand, it produces structured hierarchies and operational logics. It makes activism and shapes organisations. The article concludes that a focus on the internal dynamics of mobilising organisations, mundane intimate interactions and the display of public practices, can pay dividends when it comes to a deeper understanding of the formation of political activism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to identify correlates of terrorism in space. It examines whether places with terrorist incidents show similar patterns with respect to the physical features across landscape, and tests the spatial influence of various features of environment on the incidence of terrorism. Drawing on the locations of violent terrorist offenses committed between 2008 and 2012, the study in Istanbul applies the Risk Terrain Modeling framework to terrorism. It uses data on police incidents and infrastructure (e.g., government buildings or parks). The analysis employs GIS techniques and an event count model, and combines all risky layers in a composite map to understand where the risk is higher. The study suggests a concentration of 1153 violent terrorist incidents relative to key physical factors by identifying seventeen potential risk factors, eight of which were significantly correlated in the model. Regardless of terrorists' intent, the significantly associated establishments increase the risk in the surrounding areas where these features are located. The coexistence of leisure places such as bakeries, religious facilities, or eateries results in higher risks. While the environmental backcloth may constitute a risk for terrorism, its components may also help forecast the locations of terrorist incidents in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Common unorthodox pre-game rituals (PGR) are prevalent in sports, especially soccer, in Ghana and other Sub-Saharan states, yet research literature on how to draw valuable insights from these superstitious rituals to optimize sport performance are sparse. This conceptualized article highlights the conceptual differences between PGR and pre-performance routines based on scientific descriptions, empirical studies, and particular field observations. We then present the determinants and theoretical underpinnings of these behaviours. The manifestations of PGR in different forms during preparatory phases prior to competitive fixtures are also captured. The article concludes by throwing light on how sport psychology consultancy could tap into some of these unique ritualistic cultural practices by incorporating them as part of formalized pre-performance routines. Additionally, suggestions are made regarding possible future research using an intervention approach to empirically test the functions and efficacy of these localized practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Child interviews form an important component of custody evaluations. Yet, research on children's responses to questions about home life and relationships is lacking. In the present study, children (N = 47) aged 6 to 10 years were interviewed about their daily routines and family relationships. Responses to four categories of questions were compared: open and specific questions about routines, and negative and positive aspects of family relationships. Responses were coded for amount of information, informativeness, topic pertinence, and refusals to answer. Results suggested that questions about everyday routines and relationships elicit relevant and informative responses from children. It is suggested that interviewers begin with open-ended questions regarding daily routines to structure family law interviews with children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research focuses on responsiveness in high variety manufacturing environments. To achieve it, the article proposes to develop Dynamic Response Capabilities (DRCs) of the manufacturing system defined as the abilities to readjust the planned operating parameters of workload, capacity, and lead time, in the wake of disturbances. To inform their development, built on the Workload Control theory, a routine-based framework is proposed. The framework supports an integrated approach for the implementation of adaptive decision-making routines for workload, capacity, and lead time readjustments at different stages in the order fulfilment process. Findings from two empirical cases show the appropriateness of the framework to develop and utilise DRCs in different settings of disturbances. Results of a simulation study, with one of the case companies, also shows the effectiveness of the framework to drive performance improvements in presence of recurring disturbances leading to demand variability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Homelessness disrupts young people’s participation in the productive occupations that facilitate transition to adulthood, impairs social connections, and has a disorganizing effect on their time use. Semi-structured focus group interviews were used to explore how 19 homeless young people perceived their daily routines, meaningful occupations, and social participation to be impacted by the experience of homelessness. Occupational therapy practitioners can use the findings from this study to inform the development of comprehensive community-based programming aimed at increasing social opportunities, developing balanced, healthy routines, decreasing intrinsic and extrinsic barriers to residential stability, and promoting participation in productive and leisure occupations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Strategic foresight among middle managers is crucial, considering their responsibilities and authority vested in them in directing everyday organising. Emphasising practices as the locus of strategic foresight, we argue that imposed organising processes and bureaucratic routines may interact to dissipate the cultivation of strategic foresight among middle managers in their situated practice. Building on an explorative case analysis of a European sportswear retail company, our study highlights how top-down changes in organising processes may induce the dissipation of organisational ‘foresightfulness’. We identify four dimensions emphasised by the new organising processes and their associated routines (rhetoric of legitimation, instrumental rationality, suppression of creative freedom, and the formulations of solutions in search of problems) which typify the observed patterns of foresight dissipation among middle managers. The study and its findings extend our understanding of contextual antecedents that could lead to the dissipation of strategic foresight among middle managers in organizing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the UK former family firm, Whitbread, and its transformation from traditional brewer to leading leisure retailer comprising two main business lines, Costa Coffee and Premier Inn hotels. An unexpected regulatory intervention in 1989 all but ended the centuries-old vertically integrated model of the UK brewing industry, of which Whitbread was an important member. The major brewers were challenged to find alternative business models and growth trajectories. In the subsequent structural and organizational change of the 1990s and 2000s, Whitbread was the only original brewery group name to survive in the public domain as the others disappeared in industry-wide consolidation. Few observers would have anticipated Whitbread’s endurance, let alone the nature of the Whitbread that emerged from this process. As important to the narrative of a 250-year family legacy founded on socially conscious entrepreneurship and financial prudence, is a rare ability to respond and adapt to changing institutional conditions through continuous experimentation and innovation set against the backdrop of an industry constrained by the dominant logic of maker rather than seller. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are increasing concerns that social pressures, such as family changes and social media, are 'invading' the sanctuary of the bedroom with the result that students arrive at school tired and stressed. This paper seeks to examine whether these concerns are justified and contribute to the growing literature on the social dimensions of sleep through examining the rest and routines of two cohorts of young people aged 12-13 and 14-15 years old. Our research indicates that, in general, most young people have 'reasonable' amounts of sleep and routines. But, a significant proportion does go to school tired, with apparent negative consequences for their well-being. The paper examines some of the within-cohort variations, in particular, the significance of volume of sleep, routines and engagement with social media and how these may reflect the material and cultural circumstances of the young people. The paper concludes by arguing for more research on the complex social causes and consequences of sleep deprivation among today's youth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The association between aberrant behaviour and depression was examined in a sample of 150 young males with Autism Spectrum Disorder via parent ratings on the Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC) and the Major Depressive Disorder subscale of the Child and Adolescent Symptom Inventory (CASI-4-D). Although several subscales of the ABC were significantly correlated with CASI-4-D scores, only the Irritability subscale was a significant predictor of CASI-4-D, but with different patterns of association across younger (6–12 years) and older (13–18 years) participants. When examined at an individual ABC item level, adolescents’ depression was primarily predicted the presence of temper tantrums that were associated with the introduction of variability or frustration at not getting his or her own way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is from a study about the integration of refugee children (aged one to five) and their families in Sweden. Refugee children and parents who have received a residence permit are entitled to be introduced into the Swedish society. One of the first encounters refugee children and families have with Swedish society is with the preschool. Many refugee families have been forced to leave their homes during difficult conditions. Those working with refugee children and their families may therefore encounter people who have endured trauma for example, while living in or fleeing from areas of violent conflict. The aim of this article is to explore the norms and aims that govern the educators’ strategies in the reception of refugee children and their families. The result reveals that different aims and strategies are used by the educators: (1) Culturally reflexive and flexible strategies aiming to empower; and (2) Fostering strategies aiming to teach the parents to adjust to routines and norms in the Swedish preschool. Ethnographic techniques were used to generate observational data, focusing on the educators’ everyday practices and concerns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reflective career conversations are a necessary instrument in the career guidance of students in vocational education. These conversations help students to learn from their (work) experiences and gain a better understanding of their motives on the labour market. Research shows that in a society in which change seems to become the only constant factor, knowing one’s own motives in work is important. However, the introduction and implementation of reflective career conversations in Dutch vocational education is problematic. In this article, we introduce the concept of ‘routines’ to better understand the nature of these problems. The concept ‘routine’ allows us to understand in much more detail what is required to induce the necessary behavioural changes that are required from teachers, students and management. Recognition of the complexity of this process and the willingness to invest are necessary prerequisites to prevent reflective career conversations from becoming the next ‘trick’ or ‘trendy innovation’. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Background:Habits are building blocks for occupation. If they are not explicitly approached, a vital aspect of occupation may be left out. Knowledge is lacking about how habits are understood and approached in occupational therapy practice. Aim:To explore occupational therapists’ perceptions of habits based on their professional experiences. Material and methods:A qualitative design with a focus group methodology was used. The qualitative data analysis was based on five focus group discussions, including 34 occupational therapists. Results:An overarching theme, ‘the complexity of habits,’ representing the occupational therapists’ perception of habits, covers the content of three categories: ‘reflecting contradictoriness,’ including different forms of ambiguity that characterize habits, ‘reflecting identity and security’, that emphasize the meaning of habits for identity and structure in everyday life, and ‘reflecting context and society’, comprising perceptions of habits related to the life situation, time and social patterns and environment. Conclusions:The occupational therapists’ perceptions gave a picture of habits as complex systems. Based on the findings, the therapeutic modes used when approaching clients’ habits should involve more explicit attention to habits and the inclusion of the client’s entire context. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

A lack of small and medium enterprise (SME) engagement in environmental practices has caused stakeholders to advocate several different approaches to encourage organisational change. While program investment and research has been dedicated to developing and implementing external drivers, at least two internal factors have not been given sufficient research attention when it comes to the uptake of environmental initiatives among SMEs. These are: the strength of embedded habits and routines, and whether or not a business is indeed ready to embrace change. We take these factors into account and show how a habit discontinuity approach with an emphasis on timing may foster greater engagement and uptake of environmental initiatives among SMEs. Alternatives and limitations are considered and a conceptual framework is introduced to guide research and future interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Whether leaving early, arriving late, or travelling at night, the particular temporality of work-related travel entails travelling in moments of fragility, when the body is in need of rest and particularly vulnerable to different sensory intrusions. To cope, travelers have to domesticate their spaces of transit and create habits to make the places and spaces encountered through the body their own. Unlike the traveler who goes on vacation to take a break from his or her day-to-day life, workers on the move construct continuities in their ruptured experience to maintain the equilibrium that structures their professional and non-professional time in movement, which is punctuated by technical, climactic and/or temporal uncertainties, hindrances to finding one’s bearings. Moving week after week is therefore a multidimensional experience that engages the body and appeals to the senses. How does the body, as a vehicle of memory, engage different ways of thinking and acting in the present and confronting disruption? The following observations and analyses are informed by different traditions of French research that seek to analyze sensoriality in particular and understand, more broadly, what motivates behavioral change. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Mealtimes and their associated rituals are recognised as important aspects of human socialisation; however, much of the research about mealtimes in early childhood education settings has focused on health or on adult–child discursive exchanges. The present study aimed to investigate children's interactions with each other and their influence on the structural aspects of mealtime. The participants were four toddlers and their teachers at one community-based childcare in New Zealand. Narrative data were interpreted from video observations and discussions with teachers. Findings showed that the toddlers playfully cooperated with each other in order to develop their own ritual. This ritual subverted the routine, communicated togetherness and reinforced the toddlers’ identity as separate to that of the adults. This article posits that teachers should seek to understand and respond sensitively to toddlers’ peer rituals, where such rituals engender positive effects on the children's sense of togetherness. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

We report our findings from the analysis of crisis episodes that resulted in the development of new capabilities in eight small firms. When dealing with resource constraints in periods of crisis, entrepreneurs engaged in a number of actions to develop their firms' capabilities. By accreting resources such as knowledge, skills and other assets, entrepreneurs were able to expand their repertoire of potential solutions and change the firm's learning trajectory. Our contribution is to describe the process of resource accretion (the gradual accumulation and integration of resources) through grafting and bonding of capabilities into the firm's ambit, which is dependent on the proximities, salience and relationships of resources. We observe three patterns within the accretion pathways of the eight firms in the study, namely the combination of coping mechanisms, the extension of networks, and the reprisal of previously successful solutions. These activities support resource accretion and the subsequent expanded solution space where entrepreneurs begin the process of embedding new capabilities. Such coping routines are necessary antecedents for the development of nascent dynamic capabilities in small firms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Blue Danube was the first British atom bomb deployed during the Cold War. The article focuses on practical issues of design, production, deployment, maintenance and testing of the weapon during the 1950s. Emphasis on scientific aspects of nuclear weapons means efforts to develop a workable technology have been overlooked. Blue Danube did not follow the usual pattern of technical development: it was deployed first and tested later. The first weapons were hand-crafted prototypes delivered to the RAF for familiarization and active service, rather than a durable and reliable deterrent. As service life progressed, components were tested and the technology developed in terms of safety, fuzing and arming. Electronic circuits were modified to improve reliability within the same overall casing. So, Blue Danube is not one weapon - more a sequence of modifications in response to a succession of problems. Development of the weapon required innovations in electronics, explosives and logistics. Conventional high explosive components were as much a constraint on deployment and serviceability as the novel radioactive parts. Learning how to manufacture, use, maintain and upgrade the weapon proved as important as building the device in the first place. The bomb was at the frontiers of practical application in electronic circuitry. Protecting electronic components by potting remained an uncertain art. Like many technologies, Blue Danube was a combination of the familiar and the advanced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]