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C22H34CdN4O6, monoclinic, P121/n1 (no. 14), a = 9.236(4) Å, b = 21.102(9) Å, c = 12.987(6) Å, β = 97.638(6)°, V = 2508.7 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.039, wRref(F2) = 0.117, T = 298 K.

Epitaxial FeSi film on MgO (001) substrate was fabricated via a radio frequency magnetron sputtering technology. The epitaxial relationship of FeSi(001)/[110]//MgO(001)/[100] was characterized by crystal structure measurements and confirmed by in-plane biaxial magnetic anisotropy through vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). By measuring Kerr magnetic hysteresis loops and recording the real-time magnetic domain images through surface magneto-optic Kerr effect (MOKE), two successive 90° domain wall displacement along easy axis and two discontinuous 90° domain wall displacement along hard axis were directly observed. Meanwhile, the difference of magnetic hysteresis loops obtained by VSM and MOKE devices were discussed. Furthermore, from the results of magnetic field sweeping ferromagnetic resonance measurements, it was found that FeSi film possesses an anisotropic effective damping constant of 0.0042 for easy axis direction and 0.0053 for hard axis direction, which was ascribed to the crystallographic defects induced two magnon scattering contributions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dielectric spectra and magnetization hysteresis loops were used to investigate the grain size effect with temperature on the electrical and magnetic response of co-precipitation derived spinel (Ni0.5Zn0.5)Fe2O4 (NZFO) ceramics. Remarkable dielectric relaxation phenomena of non-Debye type have been observed in each NZFO ceramics as confirmed by two kinds of Cole-Cole plots of the 1100 °C sintered samples, mainly due to the electron-hopping mechanism between n-type and p-type carriers and interfacial ion effect when applied an increase of temperature. The high and low response of grain and grain-boundary regions were determined by modeling the impedance experimental results on two equivalent RC circuits taking into account grain deep trap states. By employing the modified Arrhenius equation, activation energy values of different sintering temperatures were calculated and analyzed in combination with oxygen vacancy. In addition, the magnetization of various sintering temperature samples is dominated by cation distribution and surface effect in different particle ranges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The magnetization switching process of Fe80Si20/(PbMg1/3Nb2/3O3)0.7–(PbTiO3)0.3 (FeSi/PMN-0.3PT) heterostructures under electric-field-induced interface strain effects was investigated using the magneto-optical Kerr effect. In the as-deposited FeSi films with low four-fold magnetic anisotropy, the one-jump and two-jump loops corresponding to the 180° and 90° domain walls were observed and could be regularly tuned by applying saturated and converse electric fields in these crystalline regions. After 300 °C annealing treatment, the heterostructures presented enhanced crystallinity and interface strain effect. By applying an impulse electric field, we achieved a reliable and non-volatile two-jump and three-jump magnetization switching transition. These regulation results further confirm the magnetic anisotropy transition and magnetic energy superposition relationship in FeSi/PMN-0.3PT. The controllable magnetization switching process is significant for understanding the mechanism of magnetic anisotropy competition and for designing the relevant magnetoelectric devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to identify the different expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the plasma derived exosomes of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 9 patients with ESCC and 9 patients with benign diseases were involved. miRNA sequencing was performed to screen differential expression of microRNAs in plasma exosomes between patients with ESCC and controls. The function of miRNA on proliferation and migration abilities was determined by CCK-8 analysis, wound scratch and transwell test. Predicted target genes were screened by databases and con- firmed by RT-qPCR. RESULTS: We identified a total of 10 miRNAs (7 upregulated and 3 downregulated) that were differentially expressed in plasma exosomes between patients with ESCC and control patients (fold change, FC ≥ 2.0 or ≤ -2.0, p ≤ 0.05) by miRNA sequencing. Ten miRNAs were detected by qRT-PCR to verify the results of the miRNA sequencing. MiR-103a-2-5p demonstrated the most significant differential expression in both exosomes of ESCC cell lines and plasma of patients as compared with control patients and was therefore selected for subsequent functional experiments. Overexpression of miR-103a-2-5p promoted proliferation and migration in TE-1 cells, whereas inhibition of miR-103a-2-5p suppressed proliferation and migration in KYSE-150 cells. Exosomes extracted from the cells transfected with miR-103a-2-5p mimics significantly increased the proliferation and migration of two ESCC cell lines. Two genes, CDH11 and NR3C1 were identified as predicted targets of miR-103a-2-5p by the bioinformatics tools TargetScan, Mi-Randa, and mirDIP and RT-qPCR. CONCLUSIONS: Our results shed light on how exosomal miR-103a-2-5p can promote proliferation and migration of ESCC cells and may represent a potential target for ESCC therapies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inferior tillers contribute negligibly to rice grain yields as their late occurrence or prematurity curtails growth. However, 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA, a synthetic cytokinin) can delay tiller senescence. Our results indicate that foliar application of 6-BA enhanced the distribution and allocation of light energy for the photochemical reactions of PSII, under appropriate N supply. The percentage of thermal energy dissipation also decreased following the application of 6-BA as a consequence of the reduced risk of chloroplast oxidative damage through excess excitations. Moreover, leaf peroxidase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase activities were augmented by adding 6-BA, which significantly inhibited the accumulation of malondialdehyde and H2O2. The application of 6-BA increased the grain numbers of the inferior tillers and further enhanced tiller yields under 82.5 and 165 kg(N) ha-1 supply. The effect of 6-BA was negligible for the untreated or excessive N-treated plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Barium zirconate titanate Ba(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3 (BZT) thin films on La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 (LSMO)-coated Si and Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates have been prepared by pulsed laser deposition and crystallized in situ at 650 °C. Four capacitor types of LSMO/BZT/LSMO/Si, Pt/BZT/LSMO/Si, Pt/BZT/Pt/Si, and Pt/BZT/LSMO/Pt/Si were prepared to investigate the structural and dielectric properties, tunability, and figure of merits. Among them, the high (100)-oriented BZT films were grown on the (100)-textured LSMO and (111)-textured Pt electrodes. The results show that the LSMO/BZT/LSMO/Si has the highest dielectric constant of 555 and Pt/BZT/LSMO/Pt/Si has the highest tunability of 73% at 1 MHz. The high dielectric constant and tunability have been attributed to the (100) texture of the LSMO bottom layer leading to the decrease of the thickness of the interface of the dead layer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an investigation on the free vibration of an oscillator containing a viscoelastic damping modeled by fractional derivative (FD). Based on the fact that the vibration has slowly changing decay rate and frequency, we present an approach to analytically obtain the initial decay rate and frequency. In addition, ordinary differential equations governing the decay rate and frequency are deduced, according to which accurate approximation is obtained for the free vibration. Numerical examples are presented to validate the accuracy and effectiveness of the presented approach. Based on the obtained results, we analyze the decay rate and the frequency of the free vibration. Emphasis is put on their time-dependence, indicating that the decay rate decreases but the frequency increases with time increasing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Liparis tsii, a new orchid from Guangdong, China, is described and illustrated. It is compared with its closest allies:L. sasakiiHayata,L. nanlingensisH.Z. Tian & F.W. Xing,L. krameriFranch. & Sav.,L. reckonianaT.C. Hsu andL. brunneaOrmerod belonging to sectionLiparis. Further phylogenetic study based on combined molecular data from nrITS and plastidtrnL-F ascertained its phylogenetic position asL. tsiibeing sister toL. sasakiiandL. nanlingensis. A key to identification with the allied species is provided. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Background In the 7th tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) classification, T1 tumors with visceral pleural invasion (VPI) are upgraded to T2a. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prognostic impact of VPI among patients with NSCLC and to propose a method of incorporating VPI into T-status classification in future staging systems. Methods A systematic electronic search was conducted from each database's date of inception to October 2015. The included studies were selected according to predefined inclusion criteria. The hazard ratio (HR) was used as the outcome measure for data combining. Results A total of 22 studies, published from 2003 to 2015, were included in this meta-analysis. In the subgroup analysis, we identified that VPI was a poor prognostic factor for tumor size ≤2 cm (2.34 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.55–3.54; P < 0.0001]), 2–3 cm (1.81 [95% CI 1.56–2.10; P < 0.0001]), 3–5 cm (1.61 [95% CI 1.38–1.87; P < 0.0001]) and 5–7 cm (1.50 [95% CI 1.24–1.82; P < 0.0001]). In addition, we also found that there were no significant differences for the following comparisons of OS: tumor size ≤2 cm with VPI versus 3–5 cm without VPI (1.04 [95% CI 0.83–1.31; P = 0.34]); 2–3 cm with VPI versus 3–5 cm without VPI (1.04 [95% CI 0.96–1.13; P = 0.30]); 3–5 cm with VPI versus 5–7 cm without VPI (0.95 [95% CI 0.78–1.17; P = 0.66]); and 5–7 cm with VPI versus T3 status (1.03 [95% CI 0.93–1.14; P = 0.57]). Conclusions In addition to the current TNM classification recommendations, consideration should be given to classifying the T2a tumors with VPI as T2b and classifying T2b with VPI as T3 in the next edition of the TNM Classification for Lung cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the case of a 45-year-old Chinese man with bilateral reddish, palmoplantar hyperkeratotic lesions on his hands and feet. Topics covered include the results of his physical examination, the diagnosis of Nagashima-type palmoplantar keratosis (PPK) with underlying SERPINB7 mutation and the distribution of SERPINB7 in the stratum granulosum.

The fractional-order van der Pol (vdP) oscillator, which is a typical self-excited system containing fractional derivatives, has increasingly stimulated the interest of many researchers. To the best of our knowledge, the existence and uniqueness of its limit cycle (LC) remains an open question. The major purpose of this study is to reveal the initial conditions independence of the LC. In order to solve the considered system accurately and efficiently, we propose a modified predictor–corrector numerical algorithm and a semi-analytical approach based on the homotopy analysis method. Numerical examples show that, similar to the integer-order vdP oscillator, the phase trajectories starting with different initial conditions converge to the same LC as the solution domain is long enough. It is also found that the convergence rate strongly depends on the initial conditions. On some occasions, the transient responses approach the steady state so slowly that it is possible to come to the misjudgment that there are a series of LCs depending on initial conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Yuan-Agrawal (YA) memory-free approach is employed to study fractional dynamical systems with freeplay nonlinearities subjected to a harmonic excitation, by combining it with the precise integration method (PIM). By the YA method, the original equations are transformed into a set of first-order piecewise-linear ordinary differential equations (ODEs). These ODEs are further separated as three linear inhomogeneous subsystems, which are solved by PIM together with a predictor-corrector process. Numerical examples show that the results by the presented method agree well with the solutions obtained by the Runge-Kutta method and a modified fractional predictor-corrector algorithm. More importantly, the presented method has higher computational efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The influence of nickel doping on the electrical properties and dielectric relaxation in ZnNiFe2O4 (ZNFO, ) ceramics has been investigated via the dielectric and complex impedance spectra measurements. According to the modified Curie-Weiss law, the diffusivity factor of the ZNFO ceramics from 1.69 to 2.02 with increasing from 0.2 to 0.5, respectively. Two relaxation peaks are observed in the nickel doped samples, by employing the modified Arrhenius equation, two activation energy values of different sintering temperatures were calculated and analyzed in combination with oxygen vacancy. The Cole-Cole plots showed that the semicircular arcs which are nonideal Debye type, and the grain boundaries resistance increases with increasing Ni concentration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bi2FeMnO6/SrTiO3 (BFMO/STO) bilayered thin films were grown on LaNiO3 (LNO) buffered Si(100) substrate by chemical solution deposition. The structure and surface morphology of the bilayered thin films have been characterized by X-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy. The Au/ BFMO/STO/LNO thin-film capacitor showed well-saturated hysteresis loop at an applied field of 330 kV cm-1 with remnant polarization (2Pr) and coercive electric field (2Ec) values of 1.3 µCcm-2 and 80 kV cm-1, respectively. The films show leakage current density in the order of 10-5Acm-2 in the whole electric field region. The leakage current depended on the voltage polarity. The Au/BFMO/STO interface forms an Ohmic contact with Au electrode biased negatively. At low electric field, the BFMO/STO/LNO interface forms an Ohmic contact with LNO electrode biased negatively. A further increase of applied electric field, the conduction shows a space-chargelimited- current behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ni0.5Co0.5Fe2O4(NCFO) nanoparticles were prepared by the chemical co-precipitation process using metal chloride, nitrate and acetate as precursor, after the precursors were annealed and then investigated in detail by employing X-ray diffraction (XRD), magnetic measurement and the bovine serum albumin (BSA) adsorption on the nanoparticles was analyzed by UV spectrophotometer at room temperature. XRD analysis indicates that all the as-prepared nanocrystals posses a pure cubic spinel structure. The saturation magnetization initially increases and then decreases with increasing annealing temperature, with a maximum value 67.19 emu/g at 950 °C. The coercivity also firstly increases and then decreases with increasing annealing temperature, with a maximum value of 828 Oe at 650°C. The as-prepared Ni0.5Co0.5Fe2O4nanoparticles exhibit a good adsorbing ability for BSA and the optimized adsorption is achieved for the Ni0.5Co0.5Fe2O4nanoparticles annealed at 750°C with grain size about 33.3 nm. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The Mickens iteration method (MIM) is modified to solve self-excited systems containing nonsmooth nonlinearities and/or nonlinear damping terms. If the MIM is implemented routinely, the unknown frequency and amplitude of limit cycle (LC) would couple to each other in complicated nonlinear algebraic equations at each iteration. It is cumbersome to solve these algebraic equations, especially for nonsmooth systems. In themodified procedures, the unknown frequency is substituted by the determined value obtained at the previous iteration. By this means, the frequency is decoupled from the nonlinear terms. Numerical examples show that the LCs obtained by the modified MIM agree well with numerical results. The presented method is very suitable for solving self-excited systems, especially those with nonlinear damping and nonsmooth nonlinearities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The standard double sintering ceramic method was used to prepare the 0.45NiFe2O4+0.55BaTiO3composites. Complex impedance analysis enables us to separate the contributions from grain and grain boundary in the samples. Impedance spectroscopy measurements were conducted in a frequency range from 20 Hz to 2 MHz and in a temperature range from 75 to 200°C. The impedance measurements have also shown the evidence of grain boundary conduction and lowering of barrier to the motion of charge carriers with rise in temperature. We also found that the relaxation frequency shift to high side with increase in temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4(NZFO) thin films grown on LaNiO3(LNO) buffered Si (100) substrates were prepared by chemical solution deposition. The sample annealed rapidly at 600°C in oxygen atmosphere. X-ray diffraction result showed that, the sample annealed in oxygen atmosphere is polycrystalline thin film. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy result revealed that the average grain size of the sample is about 20 nm. The magnetic measurement gave a typical value of the saturation magnetization of 0.767 emu/cm3. The chemical states and chemical composition of the film was also determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Double perovskite Bi2NiMnO6(BNMO) thin films with and without SrTiO3(STO) buffer layer have been prepared on Pt (111)/Ti/SiO2/Si(100) substrates by a chemical solution deposition method. The microscopic surface morphology, ferroelectric, and leakage current have been investigated. It is shown that the STO buffer layer can improve the remnant polarization slightly, and reduce the coercive electric field from 100 to 36 kV/cm. When the positive voltage was applied on top Au electrode of the BNMO/STO/Pt thin film capacitors, the leakage current was controlled by ohmic conduction. When the negative voltage was applied on bottom Pt electron, the leakage current of BNMO/STO thin film was limited by the traps and the density of carriers at high electric field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 16-way radial waveguide power divider with the characteristics of low insertion loss and high power handling capacity is investigated. Its design theory and basic structure are proposed at first; a power divider with the center frequency of 4.0GHz is designed, fabricated, and measured. Good agreement between the simulated and measured results is found for the proposed power divider. The measured 15-dB return loss bandwidth is demonstrated to be 440MHz and the measured 0.5-dB insertion loss bandwidth is demonstrated to be 540MHz. The power handling capacity of the proposed power divider is analyzed through simulation, and the results prove its usability in high power applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A double-layer radial line helical array antenna with rectangular aperture is proposed. With rectangular aperture, the antenna can be assembled to form high gain antennas. The use of double-layer feed system ensures an equal-amplitude in-phase feed for all elements in an expected frequency band, which can improve antenna gain and aperture efficiency. This paper presents its design concept, derives pertinent design and performance, and a 16-element array antenna is simulated and measured. The experimental results show that in the range of 3.8GHz to 4.2GHz, the antenna gain is over 17.7 dB, aperture efficiency over 82%, antenna sidelobe level below -- 12.0 dB, antenna axial ratio below 3.2 dB, and antenna VSWR below 1.52. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effect of a dc bias field on the diffuse phase transition and nonlinear dielectric properties of sol-gel derived Ba(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3 (BZT) ceramics are investigated. Diffuse phase transitions were observed in BZT ceramics and the Curie–Weiss exponent (CWE) was γ∼2.0. The dielectric constant versus temperature characteristics and the γ in the modified Curie–Weiss law, ε−1= ε[1+( T− T m) γ/C1](1≤ γ≤2), as a function of the dc bias field was obtained for BZT ceramics. The results indicated that γ is a function of dc bias field, and the γ value decreased from 2.04 to 1.73 with dc bias field increasing from 0 to 20 kV/cm. The dielectric constant decreases with increasing dc bias field, indicating a field-induced phase transition. The dc bias field has a strong effect on the position of the dielectric peak and affects the magnitude of the dielectric properties over a rather wide temperature range. The peak temperature of the dielectric loss does not coincide with the dielectric peak and an obvious minimum value for the dielectric loss at the temperature of the dielectric peaks is observed. At room temperature, 300 K, the high tunability ( K=80%), the low loss tangent (≈0.01) and the large FOM (74), clearly imply that these ceramics are promising materials for tunable capacitor-device applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The individual roles of and the interactions between two additives, chloride ions (C1) and 3-mercapto-l-propanesulfonic acid (MPS), in copper electrochemical deposition from an acidic copper sulfate solution are studied with electrochemical methodolo- gies such as linear sweeping voltammetry (LSV), chronoamperometry, and alternating-current electrochemical impedance spec- troscopy (EIS). The LSV results reveal that the current density is not increased by MPS without the presence of chloride in the electrolyte. The EIS results reveal a low-frequency capacitive loop associated with chloride interaction with cupric ions (Cu2~) and MPS and a high-frequency capacitive loop related to double-layer charging. A detailed reaction mechanism is proposed, and a mechanistic EIS model based on the reaction mechanism is developed. The EIS model predictions reflect, in a qualitative manner, the features observed in the EIS experimental data. - [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the impedance spectroscopy technique was employed to examine nondestructively the isothermal oxidation of air plasma sprayed (APS) thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) in air at 800°C. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) were also used to characterize the microstructure evolution of TBCs. After oxidation, the thermally grown oxide (TGO), which was mainly composed of alumina as confirmed by EDX, formed at the upper ceramic coat/bond coat interface, the lower bond coat/substrate interface, and the bond coat. Impedance diagrams obtained from impedance measurements at room temperature were analyzed according to the equivalent circuit model proposed for the TBCs. Various observed electrical responses relating to the growth of oxides and the sintering of YSZ were explained by simulating the impedance spectra of the TBCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The influence of substrate rotary speed, species of reaction gases and flows on nanoindentation, nanoscratch fracture, and residual stress were explored on reactive sputtered nanoscale CrN/ZrN multilayered coatings. Hardness and critical fracture load as high as 32 GPa and 85 mN with desirable compressive stress were achieved for this model. A proper percentage of NH3 in N2 reaction gas was also proved to be of benefit to synthesize high-hard and fracture-resistant CrN/ZrN coatings. The low-angle XRD patterns provided the layer modulation period of the coatings. A marked polycrystallite of two-cubic NaCl phase CrN + ZrN as well as probably hexagonal Cr2N with small modulation period corresponded to the enhanced mechanical properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The phase shift of the exit electron wave function at the Σ13 (510) tilt boundary of strontium titanate (SrTiO3) bicrystals was detected by electron holography. The results showed that there is a phase shift peak with a magnitude of ~0.3 rad at the centre of this grain boundary. Such a phase shift suggests that the potential barrier of ~3 V induced at the boundary core due to the interruption of the periodic potential of the crystal may be one of the intrinsic properties of grain boundary phenomena. Based on an electron dynamic diffraction, the phase of the exit electron wave function was simulated using a relaxed Σ13 (510) tilt boundary supercell with various occupancies of the atomic columns at the interface core. Coincidence of the measured and calculated results was achieved when the atomic columns are only half-occupied at the interface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel mode converter that transforms coaxial transverse electromagnetic mode into circularly polarised coaxial TE11 mode is proposed by inserting several metal plates into the coaxial waveguide. A circularly polarised mode-converting antenna with length of 36 cm and aperture diameter of 30.8 cm is designed by combining the mode converter with a special conical horn. The antenna has a gain of 19.2 dBi with an aperture efficiency of 50% and an axial ratio of 1.2 at 4 GHz. Measured results agree well with the simulated ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]